Fire Protection Systems Integrator. Basic Fire Protection Systems Presentation MULTRON., SINGAPORE . Presented By.... MUUTRON systems (Singapore) Pte Ltd Your One-Stop FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS integrator. v Systems Design ¥ Equipment Supply Project Management ¥ Installation ¥ Customers’ Training ¥ Maintenance Services MUITRON. What is ‘FIRE’ ? = Fire consists of three basic components, & must be present in sufficient quantities, and sufficient levels. e3 t= = All Fire Protection Systems work on the principle of removing any one, or more of the 3 components, or to prevent them from reacting against each other.MULTRON,, ‘SINGAPORE, Fire Protection ‘Systems Integrator. Fire Classification @ ClassA Fire involving the burning of ordinary combustible materials like wood, paper, cloth, plastic, rubber...etc.. Class B Fire involving flammable liquid, solvent, oil, paints, flammable gases..etc. Class C Fire involving ‘Live’ electrical equipment like mains, transformers, electrical appliances..etc.. Whereby the the extinguishing medium must be electrically non-conductive. ™@ Class D Fire involving combustible metals..eg. potassiun, magnesium, titanium, sodium, lithium and zirconium. MULTRON.| Are Protection SINGAPORE Systems Integrator. Typical Fire Protection Systems.. @ Water Based Systems, = eg :- Sprinkler, Pre-Action, Deluge, Foam..etc. » Extinguish Fire by cooling & preventing oxygen to be in contact with the Fuel. ™ Gaseous Type Fire Suppression Systems, = eg :- CO2, FM200, Inergen..etc. = Extinguish Fire by cooling, and/or chemically prevent the 3 elements from reacting, and/or lowering oxygen in the atmosphere such that it will no longer support combustion.mutTRon, ‘SINGAPORE Sprinklers = An Automatic Sprinkler Pipe Work System consists of :- = Water Source / Suppl i = Pumps PRY Water Source v = Control Valves ~ 4 * Distribution Pipe Work = Sprinkler Heads MULTRON,. SINGAPORE, = Heat rises from a fire, heating the air around the sprinkler = Only the sprinklers directly above or in the immediate vicinity of the fire are affected Fire= Sprinklers open when they reach their operation temperature, releasing water over the fire = As the water flows through the valve the alarm is activated, Deas cree and the pump starts over fire area See nate. "What are the differences between Sprinkler Heads ? = Temperature Rating = Thermal Sensitivity / Response = Orifice Size « Installation = Water Distribution Characteristics = Special Service ConditionsSprinkler Heads Colours of Bulb/Temperature Rating 57 degree C 93 degree C 141 degree C 182 degree C 204 degree C 260 degree C Fire Protection ‘Systems Integrator... Sprinkler Response Types mutrRON, SINGAPORE Response Type Standard Response Quick Response CCRT Ue Leno eT COR eed RUC MUR COUT m Cc uC e For Bulb Type Sprinklers, For Bulb Type Sprinklers, Thermal Element is 5mm Thermal Element is 3mmQ= Flow (gpm), K = K-factor (gpmipsi"?), and P Kfactor, | Kefaclor Range K-factor Igpm/¢psir'"1_ Igpm/¢psi" 1 fem" /enin chap 71 Installation Orientation ——y } __) ( wi Upright Pendent SidewallFire Protection ‘Systems Ditegraton.. Water Distribution Characteristics Standard Spray Upright, and Pendent Sprinklers Upright Sprinkler - A Sprinkler designed to be installed in such a way that the water spray is directed upwards against the deflector. These sprinklers are installed on the top of a piping system. Pendent Sprinkler - A Sprinkler designed to be installed in such a way that the water stream is directed downward against the deflector. These sprinklers are installed on the bottom of a piping system. Fire Protection Systems Integrator... Water Distribution Characteristics MULTRON.. SINGAPORE, Spray Sidewall Sprinklers Sidewall Sprinkler- A sprinkler having special deflectors that are designed to discharge most of the water away from the nearby wall in a pattern resembling one-quarter of a sphere, with a small portion of the discharge directed at the wall behind the sprinkler, Sidewalll sprinklers mounted on a horizontal wall are called Horizontal Sidewall sprinklers. Sidewalll sprinkler mounted on the top or bottom of a piping system are called Vertical Sidewall Sprinklers.TY-B (SR) & TY-L (SR) TY-FRB (QR) 5.6 & 8.0 K-factor 2.8- 8.0 K-factor 17-231 (SR) 16.8 K-factor Ts FO G5 TY-FRL (QR) 2.8 8.0 K-factor ELO-231 (SR), ELO-231B (SR) & ELO-231FRB (QR) 11.2 Kefactor RF Il (SR/QR) 5.6 K-factor TY-B (SR) & TY-B (SR) & TY-FRB (QR) TY-FRB (QR) 5.6 K-factor 5.6 K-factor Horizontal Sidewall Vertical Sidewall TY-L (SR) TY-FRL (QR) 5.6 K-factor 2.8 - 5.6 K-factor Horizontat Sidewall —_ Horizontal SidewallMULTROMN,| Are Porection SINGAPORE Systens Integrator... Corrosion Resistant Sprinkler = Asprinkler fabricated with corrosion- resistant material, or with special coatings or platings, to be used in an atmosphere that would normally corrode sprinklers = All though corrosion resistant coated sprinklers have passed the standard corrosion tests of the approval agencies, the testing is not representative of all corrosive atmospheres = Things to consider: = ambient temperature = concentration and corrosive nature of the chemical to which the sprinklers will be exposed. = gas/chemical velocity Polyester Care during Installation = Do not install any sprinkler that shows signs of damage. Immediately replace all sprinklers that are damaged during installation. = Inspect glass bulb sprinklers at the time of installation to make sure that the bulb contains fluid. Any glass bulb that shows evidence of leakage or that does not have any fluid must be discarded.« High Pressure Sprinklers — A type of sprinkler with a maximum. rated service pressure greater than 175 psi (12,1 bar) used in applications that otherwise would require the use of a pressure control valve to reduce the static pressure to less than 175 psi (12,1 bar). One of the most common uses for High Pressure Sprinklers is in the protection of high rise buildings. Limited to use in light & ordinary hazard occupancies. Momentum MT * Droplets must penetrate fire plume ( without being deflected or evaporated i * High velocity means greater momentum * Velocity forces water through the fire plume + Less water evaporates or is deflected before reaching fireESFR-25 48) (13,7 m) Build. 40" (12,2 m) Stor. muUtTRON, ‘SINGAPORE. = Available in sizes = 2-1/2" to 8" =» Max. Working Pressure = 300 PSI (21 bar) = Listings and Approvals: = UL, ULC, FM, SSL, LPC & VdSMUITRON. SINGAPORE Fire Protection ‘Systems Integrator. Deluge / Pre-Action Valve, DV-5 3°,4", 6&8" Straight pattern diaphragm style: Minimum Pressure drop as ‘compared to most competitors Easy to maintain: Unique one-piece moving part design, decrease chances of parts re. fewer hand hole cover bolts easy diaphragm accessibility easy cleaning Internal/external corrosion resistance coating: Suitable for most brackish water supplies suitable in corrosive atmospheres associated with many types of industrial processing plants, power plants and outdoor installations. Simple and easy external reset: No need to open front cover when resetting. Surge suppression capabilities: Prevent damages to the valve or its related components due to sudden surge in pressure. Listings and Approvals: UL & FM Typical Spray Nozzles HV Nozzles ‘+ High velocity nozzle that “throws” farther than the Mulsifyre nozzle. + Includes an integral strainer as required by NFPA 15. ‘= Available in 6 different spray patterns, ‘= Used primarily for extinguishment but can also be used for cooling and exposure protection. + Typical use would be in oll cellars, transformers, chemical plants, etc. D-3 Nozzles + The D-3is the mast popular type of nozzle that is. made by Grinnel, + Available in 11 orifices and 8 diferent spray patterns in a uniform cone pattem. = Available in 6 diferent coatingsifinishes. ‘= Medium velocity nozzle using a 20-60 psi range. = Used primarily for cooling, but alsa used in control and and extinguishment. = Typical use would be on vessels, cable trays, pipe racks, tanks, structural steel, etcDeluge Systems Purpose :~ To protect the hazard area by spraying the water all at once through the spray nozzles. ‘Typical Protection: oil tanks, transformers, Aircraft Hangers.. and etc. How it works :- ~The deluge vaive to open upon receiving an alarm signal by detector, or via pilot sprinkler. -Loss of pressure at the deluge valve diaphragm that causes the deluge valve to open -Water flow into the pipe and discharge out from the open nozzles. Types of Automatic Actuation :- > Electric Actuation (using smoke, heat, linear or flame detectors) >Wet Pilot Actuation (using pilot sprinklers, pilot line with water) >Dry pilot actuation (using pilot sprinklers, pilot line with compressed air) MULTRON..| Fre Protection ‘SINGAPORE Systems Integrator... : Typical Application Surface Cooling - Water is applied to the entire surface. To be effective, the discharge must be applied directly to the surface being protected to allow absorption of heat to a level that will minimize damage and prevent failure Water spray may be used to prevent fires by dissolving, luting or washing away spilled flammable liquids, or by dispersing escaped gases, i.e. propane, butane, etc.. = Systems may be manually or automatically activated. Rall Siding & Adjacent Tank Farm With Water Spray Protection (Spl or Fira) FFire pan 7 ‘Ypical Betuge Systems :- Wet Pilot Actuation WET PILOT ACTUATION _ Model DV-5 Deluge Valve Wet Pilot Actuation sore “Typical Deluge Systems :— Dry Pilot Actuation DRY PILOT ACTI Model DV-5 Deluge Valve Dry Pilot Actuation | | System Drain Valve (Normally C 8 _ aa,Fire Protection Typical ‘Beluge Systems :- Electric Actuation (Water or Foam / Water) Model DV-5 Deluge Valve Electric Actuation MULTRON,| Fie Protection SINGAPORE. Systems Integrator. Pre-Action Systems Purpose :- Use close head sprinklers to prevent false discharge of water into protected area. Typical protection :- Computer rooms, data centre and.. etc..., with Equipment that are sensitive to water. How it works :- Water charge into the pipes to standby upon receiving first alarm (single interlock). Water charge into the pipes when two alarm signals were received (double interlock). No discharge of water as the sprinkler head is still at close position. Fire breaks the sprinkler head and water discharge.MULTRON,, RE [SINGAPO! Single Interlock :- -Electric Actuation (using smoke or heat detectors) -Wet Pilot Actuation (using pilot sprinklers, pilot line with water) -Dry pilot actuation (using pilot sprinklers, pilot line with compressed air) Double Interlock :- -Electric/ Electric (cross zoning of detectors) -Electric / Pneumatic ( Detectors with low air pressure switch) Single & Double Interlock Actuation SINGLE INTERLOCK ACTUATION (DV-5) ~~ DOUBLE INTERLOCK ACTUATION (OV-5)Low Ar Pressure ‘swish Reed ‘Sprnker Head:s) i . f Preseurs Alam Alarn Control / ‘Switcn | Valve (NG), Sclenoid— i on NN ) rsa chet L ann ‘Cont-ol Panel €) a iq nt \ arama eos ————~ Alerm Test - y ie a Yave (Nc) Drip qj A Fue 1 i \ is asco re eer © system Normat ave (NO) en eee = Atmospheric Air Vee 10, Sistem ir Pressure HE Water = = sae lecticalLetecton = signal Santo etic Detecton Control Panel ta Fire Cone ; i Low At Pressure Sach 7 “eee ‘Sprnker Heed’s) . \ Preseurs Alam Aern contra / Switch Valve 00), oo B) econ Velve lena EWG 2 Initstes First Sg = : a Alarm - Nerve rivera th ented an Zé vane Yave(nc) ‘ &. ©) * Drip i Funrel W vege \st ns SAMS PS ecw vncc @ Signal Sent to Control valve (ND) on Coens Mein rte = Aimospheric Air Vee (01 System Air Pressure BE Water=’ Eiectical Letecton Low Ar Pressure zac ‘Swish aN ad ‘Sprnker Heads) Operstes 4 i PX Preseurs Alarm ater cota [= / XS ‘Valve (NG), set 2) sac check ii ~~) vere Cont clPanel Neruda Pulltation Dip Ae \ ena! ‘Main Deeir Valve (NC} © sprinkter Head Operatesy Ye) _ - Loss of Air Pressure Mein Sortrol — Atmospheric Air valve (0 By Sten Air Pressure Bh Water Low Ar Pressur Switch Operates ~ Signal Sent to Control Panel} Sprniver Heads) AernGontrol — f Switch Valve INC), '52¢ Check valve [om Aleem \ hoa ta “eos \ ain Drie Valve (NC) Low Air Pressure Swite Operates - = atmospheric Air Second Alarm System Air Pressure HE WaterSorrker Heed’) Aiern Control / Switeh pr Alen Valve (NO), 7 ta Soleneid Marva Pulstation Dip on | ® Solenoid Operates —— Alerm Test vave (hc) Main Drair Valve (NC) = Atmospheric Air System Air Pressure Bi Water ‘lectical Betecton Low At Pressure: ‘Switch Ar Supply Sprnker Heads) Atorn Control] Swath ‘Valve (NG), 520 Check, po Alarm Ww ©) Veive opens \ ptt Crain Yeive Clases woe ‘Main Drair Valve (NC) = Atmospheric Air ‘System Air Pressure BE WaterLow Ai Pressu owen i) aaa Sperker Head's) Presoure Alarm vec, ‘Sclencid. a fs eee L 5 Yat Opens contlPanel Nerua PulStation oe A Yale O on Mein Corral = Atmospheric Air System Air Pressure HE Water Main Drair Valve (UC) Low At Pressure ‘Switch ‘Alern Control Valve (NG), l Nerve PullSttion ' Dri on | ‘Water Flows in Dri Valve (NC) Through Systems Mein Sortrol — Atmospheric Air Vain 00. System Air Pressure WL WaterDischarge Pressure Alan Alarn Control f Swatch ‘YVatve (NG), \ ats Dra ‘ain Drair Valve (NC) Sprinkler Head a = Discharges Mein Sortrol — Atmospheric Air Velve (0: System Alr Pressure HE Water pra . NFPA 13 — Hazard Group Light Hazard — Churches, Clubs, Hospitals, Residential (Apartments), Restaurants and etc Ordinary Hazard Group (1) — Car-parks, Electronics Plants, Dairy Products manufacturing Plants and etc. Ordinary Hazard Group (2) — Cereal Mills, Chemical Plants (Ordinary), Machines shops, Metal Workshops, Paper processing Plants and etc. Extra Hazard Group (1) — Aircraft Hanger, Die Casting, Plywood Manufacturing, Printing and etc. Extra Hazard Group (2) - Flammable Liquid Spraying, Plastic Processing, Solvent Cleaning and etc. Special Occupancy Hazard - StoragemuttRon, ‘SINGAPORE Standard Sprinklers Coverage Area Light Hazard Coverage area from 11.1 Sq.M to 18.6 Sq.M per sprinkler. Can go up to 20.9 Sq. M if the system is hydraulically calculated. Max. spacing between sprinklers is 4.6 M. Ordinary Hazard Group (1) & (2) Coverage area 12.1 Sq.M. per sprinkler. Max spacing between sprinklers Is 4.6 M. Extra Hazard Group (1) & (2 Coverage area of 8.4 Sq. M per sprinkler. Max distance between sprinklers is 3.7 M. *** Min. spacing between sprinklers is 1.8 M for all above. MULTRON,, SINGAPORE, Gaseous Type Fire Suppression Systems Commonly used Gases in the 70s’ :- CFC’s AND HALONS = CFC’s contain Chlorine = Halon 1301 contains Bromine = Halon 1211 contains Bromine and Chlorine = Long Atmospheric Lifespan (80 to 110 years) Chlorine & Bromine are destroyers of the Ozone !!Fast & Efficient Performance = Removes Heat so Fire can’t sustain itself. = UL Listed / FM Approved. “ = Extinguishing design concentration achieved in 10 seconds or less. = Suppresses all Classes of Fire ; Class A, Class B and Class C = Completely safe in occupied spaces = Zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) = Low atmospheric lifespan (31 to 42 years), compared to Halon 1304 = Low Global Warming impact = No Observe Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) : 9% = Lowest Observe Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) : 10.5% = Class A Fire, typical of those expected in Computer or EDP facilities only fequires 7% concentration (0.5kg / cubic metre at 20 Fire Protection ‘Systems Integrator... FM200 (HFC 227ea) Fire Suppression Systems Fast & Efficient Performance Removes Heat, so Fire can't sustain itself. UL Listed / FM Approved. Extinguishing design concentration achieved in 10 seconds or less Suppresses ali Classes of Fire ; Class A, Class B and Class C Class A Fire, typical of those expected in Computer or EOP facilities, only requires 7% concentration (0.55 kg / cubic metre at 20 degree C) Minimum cylinders storage space required with a wide selection of sizes Completely safe in occupied spaces Zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) & low atmospheric lifespan Low Global Warming impact No Observe Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) : 9% Lowest Observe Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) : 10.5%Inergen (IG54 1) Fire Suppression Systems INERGEN Flooding Factor 51% INERGEN Air Air / INERGEN Nitrogen 52% 78.1% 67.7% Oxygen - 20.9% 12.6% Argon 40% 0.93% 16.5% Carbon Dioxide 8% 0.03% 3.2% Others - 0.04% 0.02% 100% 100% _ 100%Fire Protection RTROR ooo a, Typical Equipment | = f sir =| FM200 Gas Cylinders sare DSc ‘Alarm Bell, Strobe, Sounder Flashing Sigr ee) 1 ae } ey Ea = eg Smoke & Heat Detectors || = es See Entrance Caution Sign Mamta Release /Abort Station Flashing Signage MULTRON.| Are Forection SINGAPORE Systems Integrator. 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