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Sample proposal of bbs 4th year

Business Ethics and Social Responsibility (Tribhuvan Vishwavidalaya)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

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A STUDY ON INVESTMENT ANALYSIS OF

NEPAL SBI BANK LTD

A Proposal Submitted By

Sunil Thapa

T.U. Reg. No.: 7-2-1088-28-2014

Sakwo Campus

Submitted to

The Faculty of Management

Tribhuvan University

Kathmandu, Nepal

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

of BACHELOR OF BUSINESS STUDIES (BBS)

Shankharapur, Kathmandu

April 2020

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1.Background of the study

The business world is growing even more complex and competitive and financial or people
who can give their establishment an extra edge as Nepal being a developing country, the
people of Nepal are mainly poor and unemployed. They require bank to deposit their small
earnings for the future security, for safety, etc. so that they can earn interest from the
money deposited in the bank. Bank is the one of the financial institution that helps in the
economic development of the country.

Definition of Investment

An investment is an asset or item acquired with the goal of generating income or

appreciation. In an economic sense, an investment is the purchase of goods that are not
consumed today but are used in the future to create wealth. In finance, an investment is a
monetary asset purchased with the idea that the asset will provide income in the future or
will later be sold at a higher price for a profit.
(https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/investment.asp)

History of Investment

The Code of Hammurabi (around 1700 BC) provided a legal framework for investment,
establishing a means for the pledge of collateral by codifying debtor and creditor rights in
regard to pledged land. Punishments for breaking financial obligations were not as severe
as those for crimes involving injury or death.

In the medieval Islamic world, the qirad was a major financial instrument. This was an
arrangement between one or more investors and an agent where the investors entrusted
capital to an agent who then traded with it in hopes of making profit. Both parties then
received a previously settled portion of the profit, though the agent was not liable for any
losses. Many will notice that the qirad is almost identical to the institution of the
commenda later used in Western Europe, though whether the qirad transformed into the
commenda, or the two institutions evolved independently cannot be stated with certainty.

In the early 1900s, purchasers of stocks, bonds, and other securities were described in
media, academia, and commerce as speculators. Since the Wall Street crash of 1929,

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and particularly by the 1950s, the term investment had come to denote the more
conservative end of the securities spectrum, while speculation was applied by financial
brokers and their advertising agencies to higher risk securities much in vogue at that time.
Since the last half of the 20th century, the terms speculation and speculator have
specifically referred to higher risk ventures.

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment)

Concept/Introduction of Bank

The term bank is either derived from old Italian word banca or from a French word banque
both means a Bench or money exchange table. In olden days, European money lenders or
money changers used to display (show) coins of different countries in big heaps (quantity)
on benches or tables for the purpose of lending or exchanging.

A bank is a financial institution which deals with deposits and advances and other related
services. It receives money from those who want to save in the form of deposits and it
lends money to those who need it.

According to BAFIA 2073 “bank” means a corporate body incorporated to carry on

financial transactions as referred to in Sub-section (1) of Section 47.

According to Kent “A Bank is an organization whose principal operations are concerned

with the accumulation of the temporarily idle money of the general public for the purpose
of advancing to other for expenditure.”

Oxford Dictionary defines a bank as “an establishment for custody of money, which it pays
out on customer’s order.”

The business of modern day banking is not confined in borrowing deposits and lending
advances only, it performs a host of other financial activities which has immensely
contributed to achieve industrial and commercial progress of every country. Bank is the life
blood of trade, commerce and industry. Now-a-days, banking sector acts as the backbone
of modern business. Development of any country mainly depends upon the banking
system.

Development/History of Bank

Banking practice is introduced from England. The early goldsmiths used to have large
vaults which were sonly built and heavily guarded. It is believed that banking was
practiced at the time of “Manu” “as it’s referred in Manusmriti. The history of

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banking begins in ancient Greece, Rome and Mesopotamia. The history of modern banks
begins from Bank of Venice established in 1157 AD, Bank of Barcelona established in
1401, and Bank of England which was established in 1694.

Though there is much controversy as to the origin of the word “Bank”. Some believe that it
originated from the Latin word “Bancus” meaning a bench. Similarly some believe that it
originated from the French word “Banque” and some to Italian word “Banca” all meanings
a bench. Some have stronger belief that it originated from the German word “Banck”
meaning collective fund. Ancient money dealer used to deal on a bench.

History of banking in Nepal is believed to be started from the time of Prime Minister
Ranoddip Singh in 1877 A.D. he introduced many financial and economic reforms. The
Tejaratha Adda was established at that time and its basic purpose was to provide credit
facilities to the general public at a very concessional interest rate. The Tejarath Adda
disbursed credit to the people on the basis of collateral of gold and silver. All employees of
government were also eligible for this type of loan, which was settled by deducting form
their salary. Tejaratha Adda extended credit only; it did not accept deposits from the public.

Nepal Bank Ltd. is the first modern bank of Nepal. It is taken as the milestone of modern
banking in Nepal. This was established in 1937 A.D. Nepal Bank has been inaugurated by
King Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah Dev on 30th Kartik 1994 B.S. Nepal Bank was
established as a semi government bank with the authorized capital of Rs. 10 million and
the paid – up capital of Rs. 892 thousand. Until mid-1940s, only metallic coins were used
as medium of exchange. So the Nepal Government (His Majesty Government on that time)
felt the need of separate institution or body to issue national currencies and promote
financial organization in the country.

Nepal Bank Ltd. remained the only financial institution of the country until the foundation
of Nepal Rastra Bank is 1956 A.D. Due to the absence of the central bank, Nepal Bank has
to play the role of central bank and operate the function of central bank. Hence, the Nepal
Rastra Bank Act 1955 was formulated, which was approved by Nepal Government
accordingly, the Nepal Rastra Bank was established in 1956
A.D. as the central bank of Nepal. Nepal Rastra Bank makes various guidelines for the
banking sector of the country.

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A sound banking system is important for smooth development of banking system. It can
play a key role in the economy. It gathers savings from all over the country and provides
liquidity for industry and trade. In 1957 A.D. Industrial Development Bank was established
to promote the industrialization in Nepal, which was later converted into Nepal Industrial
Development Corporation (NIDC) in 1959 A.D.

Rastriya Banijya Bank was established in 1965 A.D. as the second commercial bank of
Nepal. The financial shapes for these two commercial banks have a tremendous impact of
the economy. That is the reason why these banks still exist in spite of their bad position.

As the agriculture is the basic occupation of major Nepalese, the development of this sector
plays in the prime role in the economy. So, separate Agricultural Development Bank was
established in 1968 A.D. This is the first institution in agricultural financing.

For more than two decades, no more banks have been established in the country. After
declaring free economy and privatization policy, the government of Nepal encouraged the
foreign banks for joint venture in Nepal.

Today, the banking sector is more liberalized and modernized and systematic managed.
There are various types of bank working in modern banking system in Nepal. In includes
central, development, commercial, financial, co-operative and Micro Credit (Grameen)
banks. Technology is changing day by day. And changed technology affects the traditional
method of the service of bank.

Banking software, ATM, E-banking, Mobile banking, Debit Card, Credit Card, Prepaid
Card etc. services are available in banking system in Nepal. It helps both customer and
banks to operate and conduct activities more efficiently and effectively.

For the development of banking system in Nepal, NRB refresh and change in financial
sector policies, regulations and institutional developments in 1980 A.D. Government
emphasized the role of the private sector for the investment in the financial sector. These
policies opened the doors for foreigners to enter into banking sector in Nepal under joint
venture.

Some foreign ventures are also established in Nepal such as Nepal Bangladesh Bank,
Standard Chartered Bank, Nepal Arab Bank, State Bank of India, ICICI Bank, Everest

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Bank, Himalayan Bank, Bank of Kathmandu, Nepal Indo-Suez Bank and Nepal Sri Lanka
Merchant Bank etc.

The NRB will classify the institutions into “A”, “B”, “C”, “D” groups on the basis of the
minimum paid-up capital and provide the suitable license to the bank or financial
institution. Group ‘A’ is for commercial bank, ‘B’ for the development bank, ‘C’ for the
financial institutions and ‘D’ for the Micro Finance.

Generally banks in Nepal are opened 10 am to 3 pm Sunday to Thursday and 10 am to 1

pm on Friday. But nowadays most of banks at city area of country provide service
throughout the week.

1.2. Profile of the Nepal SBI Bank Ltd

Nepal SBI Bank Ltd. (NSBL) is a subsidiary of State Bank of India (SBI) having 55
percent of ownership. The local partner viz. Employee Provident Fund holds 15% equity
and General Public 30%. In terms of the Technical Services Agreement between SBI and
the NSBL, the former provides management support to the bank through its expatriate
officers including Managing Director who is also the CEO of the Bank. Central
Management Committee (CENMAC), consisting of the Managing Director & CEO, Chief
Operating Officer & Dy. CEO, Chief Financial Officer, Two Senior Most AGMs, exercises
overall control functions with the help of 3 Regional Offices, and oversee the overall
operations of the Bank.

NSBL was established in July 1993 and has emerged as one of the leading banks of Nepal,
with 994 skilled and dedicated Nepalese employees working in a total of 116 outlets that
include 88 full-fledged branches, 19 extension counters, 7 Province offices, 1 Intouch
Outlet and Corporate Office . With presence in 50 districts in Nepal, the Bank is providing
value added services to its customers through its wide network of 118 ATMs (including 2
Mobile ATMs and 4 CRMs), internet banking, mobile wallet, SMS banking, IRCTC Ticket
Online Booking facility, etc. NSBL is one of the fastest growing Commercial Banks of
Nepal with more than 8.33 lakhs satisfied deposit customers and over 6.50 lakhs
ATM/Debit cardholders. The Bank enjoys leading position in the country in terms of
penetration of technology products, viz. Mobile Banking, Internet Banking and Card
Services. The Bank is moving ahead in the Nepalese Banking Industry with significant
growth in Net Profit with very nominal NPA. As of 31st Chaitra, 2074, the Bank has
deposits of Rs. 83.66 billion

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and advances (net) of Rs. 74.05 billion, besides investment portfolio of Rs. 17.93 billion.

State Bank of India (SBI), with a 211 year history, is the largest commercial Bank in India
in terms of assets, deposits, profits, branches, customers and employees. The Government
of India is the majority stakeholder and has controlling stake in SBI, a “Fortune 500”
entity.

Our parent State Bank of India has an extensive network, with over 22,000 branches in
India and another 206 foreign offices in 35 countries across the world

Nepal SBI Bank has also established its wholly owned merchant banking subsidiary viz:
Nepal SBI Merchant Banking Ltd. in the year 2016.

Vision of Nepal SBI Bank Limited

To be the most preferred bank for a transforming Nepal.

Mission of Nepal SBI Bank Limited

To provide high quality, reliable and innovative financial solutions.

Values of Nepal SBI Bank Limited

Service | Transparency | Ethics | Politeness | Sustainability

Aspiration of Nepal SBI Bank Limited

To be the most trusted and preferred banking utility/financial service provider in

Nepal.

Commitment of Nepal SBI Bank Limited

First in customer satisfaction

1.3.Objectives of the Study

Every work has certain objectives. Work is done with the motive to achieve certain
objectives. Thus, the objective of the study is to analyze the transactions of total amount of
Investment made by NSBL.

The specific objectives of the study are listed below:

 To analyze the investment sectors and trends.

 To show and analyze the trends of various investments.

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 To analyze the correlations between total investment and total deposit.

1.4.Significance of the study

This study mainly fills a research gap on the study of investment policy of NSBL.
Definitely the study will provide a useful feedback to the policy makers of the banks and
also becomes a useful reference for other banks of Nepal and central of Nepal (NRB) for
the formulation of appropriate strategies. This study evaluate the investment policy of and
finds its loopholes and significantly contributes to make the policy sound.

1.5.Research Methodology

Research is categorized under various forms on the basis nature, scope and type of
research. They are; Applied and fundamental, Descriptive and Analytical, and Qualitative
research and Quantitative research. Among them descriptive research is applicable to
prepare this research report.

1.5.1 Types of research

The collected data will be simplified by using numbers of statistical tools and technique
mainly; various ratios will be used to compare the investment.

1.5.2 Population and Sample

A population is a complete enumeration of each and every unit of the universe as a whole.
It is related to the total study of the material in detail. Descriptive research is used to
describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied.

Sampling is a process used in statistical analysis in which a predetermined number of

actions are taken larger populations. There are 27 commercial banks licensed banks in
Nepal but Nepal SBI Bank Ltd. is taken into consideration in sample using judgment
sampling.

1.5.3 Types of Data

The major research tools information, to know the activities and to make the management.
To collect the relevant data and information regarding the analysis of investment, first of
all the recommendation letter was received from college and taking or research tool in this
study is survey which is developed and used to collect

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the recommendations for the letter the researcher had gone to the project work and
necessary data and information were collected.

a. Primary Data

Primary sources are original materials on which researched is based. They are firsthand
testimony or direct evidence concerning a topic under considerations. They present
information in its original form, neither interpreted nor considered nor evaluated by
writers.

b. Secondary Data

Secondary data is that data, which is not originally collected, obtained from different
published sources. This type of data is not accurate. The secondary data were collected
from annual report of the Nepal SBI Bank Ltd, secondary data are collected through

 Booklets available upon the subjects

 Magazines and newspaper

 Annual report of financial statement

 Media and internet

Most of the data are taken from secondary data. They are collected for Annual Report of
NSBL.

1.5.4 Data Collection Procedure

The data used in this study is primary and secondary in nature. The study is based in
secondary data provided by bank and other relevant sources. The data are collected from
the balance sheet, investment statements, Nepal SBI Bank Ltd and informal enquires from
the bank personal.

1.5.5 Techniques for analysis of data

In order to achieve the objectives of the study, various data analysis tools and techniques
are used. They are as to allow Ratio Analysis is one of the most powerful techniques of
measuring the financial performances.

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In the business and financial institutions, Analysis of various helps to determine the
strength and weakness of the bank as well as its historical and current liabilities and
investment (loan advances) are calculated to show the relationship between them.

 Total investment to the total deposit ratio.

 Total investment to the total assets ratio.

 Total investment to total current assets ratio.

 Total investment to total current liabilities ratio.

Statistical tool

Representation of numerical values in the form of various diagrams such as bar graph,
trend line etc is the easiest means to study the effect of variables.

Trend Line

It is the easiest way to show the increasing or decreasing affects of variables ratios in
respect to the time period.

Bar Graph

This is the presentation of data in the form of graph. It helps to judge the variability of one
variable in relation to variation of another variable.

Correlation Coefficient

This shows the relationship between total investment and total deposit position of the bank.

1.6.Rationale of the study

This project work report is based on the topic “Investment Analysis”. It helps on analyzing
the investment pattern in different sectors, Investment means placing of money in the
hands of other for their use in returns of profit. It is concerned with analyzing the amount
and percentage of loans and advances that has been mobilized on what sector for what
purpose. It also sacks to manage their wealth electively obtaining the most from it while
protecting it from inflation, taxes and other risks. This topic is related to the area of
financial analysis. Investment is a part of finance. Financial analysis helps to analyze the
financial position, management of assets and

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liabilities, mobilization of funds etc. for the proper important to analyze the investment
made by bank.

1.7.Review of Literature

Review of literature means reviewing research studies or other relevant propositions in the
related area of the study so that all the past studies, their conclusions and deficiencies may
be known and further research can be conducted.

1.7.1 Conceptual Review

Investment means using the time money and forth to earn interest and profit. In other
words, it is the sacrifice of current rupees to earn future rupees. An investment is simply
any alternative into which fund can be placed with the expectations that they will generate
positive income and that their value will be presented or increased. If one person has
advanced some money to another, he/she may consider his/her higher money as
investment. He/she expects to get back the money along with interest with a future date.

According to Fisher Jordan, “An investment is commitment of funds made in expectation

of some positive returns. If the investment is properly undertaken, the return will be
commensurate with the risks investors assume”. (Source: www.google.com)

According to Sharpe, Alexander and Bailey, “Investment in its broadest sense means the
sacrifice of current dollars for future dollars. Two different attributes are generally involved
time and risk. The sacrifice takes place in the present and is comes later, if at all, and the
magnitude is generally uncertain”. (Source: www.google.com)

According to Ambling, “Investment may be defined as the purchase by an individual are

institutional investor of a financial or real assets that produce a return proportional to the
risk assumed over some future investment period. (Source: www.google.com)

Theories are formulated to explain, predict, and understand phenomena and in many cases
to challenge and extend existing knowledge within the limits of critical bounding
assumptions. The theoretical framework is the structure that can hold or support a theory of
a research study.

Conceptual framework this consists of concepts that are placed within a logical and
sequential design represents less formal structure and used for studies in which

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existing theory is inapplicable or insufficient. Based on the specific concepts and

propositions, derived from empirical observations and intuition may infer theories form a
conceptual framework.

1.7.2. Review of Previous works

The main objective of the review of literature is to find out what research study has been
conducted and what should be done. The word investment includes the vision of profit, risk
speculation and wealth. The investment policies of most financial institutions are regulated
to some extend by public authority and customs. Portfolio investment is one of the
important topics included in the conceptual review of investment. It is defined as the
combination of assets.

Bhandari, (2009) conducted a fieldwork on Investment analysis of Nepal Bank Limited on

the year 2009 and made following conclusions:

During Ashad, Shrawan and Bhadra the lending in the food production sector is higher
than all other sectors. It shows that Nepal Bank has concentrated in the productive sector
than non-productive sector.

The analysis of data shows that the lending in the consumable loan, fixed a/c receipt sector
is very low as compared to other sectors.

The analysis also shows that with the new tending in each month increases the instalment
amount i.e. collection from lending.

The relationship of repayment amount from loan lending amount in Ashad & Shrawan
shows positive correlation but Bhadra shows negative correlation.

Khanal, (2012) conducted a fieldwork on Investment analysis of Rastriya Banijya Bank on

the year 2012 and made following conclusions.

The investment to total current assets ratios are 76.46%, 79.84% and 74.40% in FY
2009/2010 to 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 respectively. The investment to total current assets
ratio is in fluctuating trend. The investment ratio analysis which includes investment to
total deposit ratio is in fluctuating trend.

Khatiwoda (2010) conducted a fieldwork on Investment analysis of Sanima Bank Limited

on the year and made the following conclusions:

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 The investing analysis ratio which includes investment to total deposits ratio
is in increasing trend. As compared to the deposit ratio, the bank has not
become able to make investment in the profitable investment areas.

 The investment to total current assets ratio is in increasing trend which is

favourable for bank.

 The investment to total current liabilities is also in increasing trend which is

not good condition of investment of bank.

 The investment to total current ratio is also in increasing trend which shows
the increase of investment in total assets.

Another important topic included in this topic is investment objective. The investment
objective is focused in increasing the individual wealth defined as assets minus liabilities.

Investment means the sacrifice of current money to increase future money. Generally,
when cash is needed, investment can be retired. In investment, two attributes are generally
involved: time and risk. Risk is the fluctuation of actual returns and expected return. The
sacrifice takes place in the present and is certain. The reward comes later and is uncertain.
Investor always tries to minimize the risk by investing two or more securities. In other
cases, risk is the dominant attributes as call option on common stock. Like, financial
institutions may find it desirable to choose banks. Life insurance companies and saving and
loan association need investment which are almost likely exclusively payable in dollar.
They must also have the items which are very safe and free from excessive marker price
fluctuation because their obligation customarily total between 90 and 95% or their assets
and relatively small shrink age in assets value would end anger their solvency.

1.7.3 Research Gap

The studies are concerned with the research title "Investment Analysis" all considering
other researches being carried out on the topic. It becomes apparent that some researchers
have selected various manufacturing components for the study while others have opted for
only one company never the less most of studies have been commented to the enterprises.
The studies on industries sector in connection to investment seem markedly limited most
on the studies have used financial tools and

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secondary data. They have included only summary finding and conclusion study report but
no concrete recommendation to solve the problem escorted.

1.8.Limitations of the study

The field study is related to the analysis of loan investment of Nepal SBI Bank Ltd. The
conclusion derived from the study may or may not be applicable to other commercial
banks while collecting data and gathering information from NSBL, the report writer has
aced many unfavorable situations. This study has been carried out limitations within
assumptions.

 Data of three Fiscal Years i.e. FY 2073/074, FY 2074/075 and FY 2075/076 is

used to analyze the investment of the bank. The round up figure in the study
may not bring out accuracy calculation.

 Primary data through interview, secondary data from the internals records and
other published articles and reports are used to prepare the report.

 The report is based on the analysis of investment sector only. Only the
selected diagrams, bar diagrams, pie-charts are used to analyze the data.

 This report is prepared for an academic purpose and hence will not have
expert analysis and conclusion is totally dependent on the reliability of data.

 The financial statement regarding investment has been basically considered as

the subject matter of the study and they are assumed to be correct and true.

1.9.Report Structure

This study is organization into three chapters. Each is devoted to the some aspect of the
study. The rationale behind this kind of organization is to follow a simple each
methodology approaches. The contents of each chapters of the study are briefly mentioned
here.

Chapter 1 Introduction: Chapter one consists of introductory part of the study. This
chapter consists of background, profile of the organization, objectives of the study, rational,
report structure, literature review, research gap, methods and limitations of the study.

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Chapter 2 Results and Findings: It includes design, sample selection, data collection
procedure, data analysis and processing, necessary tools and techniques of the study.

Chapter 3 Summary and Conclusion: On the basis of the results from data analysis, the
researcher concludes about the performance of the concerned organizations for better
improvement. It concludes research summary and conclusions.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Annual Report of Nepal SBI Bank Limited, for the Fiscal Year 2073/074 to 2075/076.

Agrawal, G.R. (2009); Project Management. Kathmandu: M.K. Publishing and

Distributions.

Bhandari, R. (2015); "Investment Analysis of Rastriya Banijya Bank Limited, Itahari",

A Project work report submitted to Vishwa Adarsha College, Itahari.

Dangol, R.M. (2061); "Financial analysis and planning”, Kathmandu: Taleju

Prakashan

Jhingam, ML (2006); "Money banking international trade and public finance, India:
Varinda Publications Pvt. Ltd.

Khanal, A. (2012); "Investment Analysis of Rastriya Banijya Bank, Itahari: A project

work report submitted to Kasturi College, Itahari.

Khatiwoda, P. (2014); "Investment Analysis of Sanima Bank Limited.” A project work

report submitted to Kasturi College, Itahari.

Kothari, CR. (2004); "Research Methodology and Methods and Techniques", New
Delhi: New age Publishers.

Mithani, D.M. (2002); "Money Banking”, International Trade and public Finance
Mumbai: Himalaya Publishing House.

Pant, P.R. (2009); "Social Science Research and Thesis writing", Kathmandu: Buddha
Publication

Thapa, K. (2065); "Fundamentals of investment", Kathmandu: Asmita Books

Publishers and Distributors.

Vaidhaya, S. (2058); "Money and Banking", Kathmandu: Taleju Prakashan

Websites:

https://www.nepalsbi.com.np

http://www.nrb.com.np

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