CBSE

CLASS X
HISTORY
MAP WORK
 INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS SESSIONS

September 1920 – Calcutta:

On September 4, 1920, Indian National Congress(INC) met in Calcutta
for a special session. The session was chaired by Lala Lajpat Rai. In this
session, Gandhi projected to attain swaraj through Non-cooperation in
one year.

Significance of September 1920 Session:

In the Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920, Gandhi
convinced the leaders of the Congress upon the need to start a non-
cooperation movement in support of Khilafat as well as for Swaraj.
 Gandhi convinced the
leaders of the Congress
upon the need to start a
non-cooperation
movement in support of CALCUTTA
SEPTEMBER - 1920
Khilafat as well as for
Swaraj
 INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS SESSIONS

December 1920 – Nagpur:

The 35th INC Session was held from 26-30 December 1920 in Nagpur.
The session was chaired by C. Vijayaraghavacharia. Some of the key
non-cooperation agreements were undertaken. A programme was
introduced to surrender names, to boycott schools, courts, amd councils,
to boycott international goods, to encourage the preservation of Hindu-
Muslim unity and strict non-violence.

Significance of December 1920 Session:

In the months between September and December there was an intense
tussle within the Congress. It was finally at Nagpur, a compromise was
worked out and the Non-Cooperation programme was adopted.
 A compromise was
worked out and the Non-
Cooperation programme
NAGPUR
was adopted. DECEMBER - 1920
 INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS SESSIONS

December 1927 – Madras:

The 42nd Indian National Congress Session was held from 26-28
December 1927 in Madras. The session was chaired by Muktar Ahmed
Ansari. During the Madras Session in December 1927, young leaders
like Jawahar Lal Nehru had proposed the resolution for complete
independence which was however defeated and the action of Jawahar
Lal was not appreciated by Gandhi.

Significance of December 1927 Session:

The Congress Party decided to boycott the Simon Commission.
 The Congress Party
decided
to boycott the Simon
Commission

MADRAS
DECEMBER - 1927
 IMPORTANT CENTRES OF INDIAN NATIONAL
MOVEMENT

Champaran - Movement of Indigo Planters

Kheda - Peasant Satyagrah
Ahmedabad - Cotton Mill Workers Satyagraha
Amritsar - Jallianwala Bagh Incident
Chauri Chaura - Calling off the NCM
Dandi - Civil Disobedience Movement
 THE MOVEMENT OF INDIGO PLANTERS -
CHAMPARAN

 It was a farmer's uprising that took place in Champaran district of

Bihar, India, during the British colonial period.
 The farmers were protesting against having to grow indigo with barely
any payment for it.
 The main problem of sharecroppers was that all the tenants were
forced and compelled to plant 15% of their holdings with Indigo.
 This has been a long-term contract between the British and the
farmers.
 The sharecroppers, on the other hand, had to hand over the entire
Indigo harvest as rent to the British.
 The farmers were CHAMPARAN
protesting against having
to grow indigo with barely
any payment for it.
 THE PEASANT SATYAGRAHA - KHEDA

 Kheda Satyagraha is a peasant struggle against the British

government's demand of the full realisation of the land tax by the
peasants despite famine and crop losses hence, they demanded non-
payment of land taxes.
 The government in Bombay rejected the charter.
 They warned that if the peasants did not pay, the lands and property
would be confiscated and many arrested.
 In Gujarat, Mahatma Gandhi was chiefly the spiritual head of the
struggle. His chief lieutenant, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and a close
coterie of devoted by Gandhians, toured the countryside, organised
the villagers and gave them political leadership and direction.
 Peasant struggle against
the British government's
demand of the full
realisation of the land tax
by the peasants despite KHEDA

famine and crop losses

hence, they demanded
non-payment of land taxes
 THE COTTON MILL WORKERS SATYAGRAHA -
AHMEDABAD

 The movement was held between 22 March - 5 June, 1918.

 Gandhi used Satyagraha and hunger strike for the first time during an
industrial dispute between the owners and workers of a cotton mill
in Ahmedabad.
 The owners wanted to withdraw the plague bonus to the workers while
the workers were demanding a hike of 35% in their wages.
 The owners wanted to
withdraw the plague
bonus to the workers
while the workers were AHMEDABAD

demanding a hike of 35%

in their wages.
 THE JALLIANWALA BAGH INCIDENT - AMRITSAR

 The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar

massacre, took place on 13 April 1919.
 The Acting Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer ordered troops of
the British Indian Army to fire their rifles into a crowd of unarmed
Indian civilians, killing at least 379 people and injuring over 1,200
other people.
 AMTRISAR
The Acting Brigadier-
General Reginald
Dyer ordered troops of
the British Indian Army to
fire their rifles into a crowd
of unarmed Indian
civilians
 THE CALLING OFF THE NCM - CHAURI CHAURA

 The Chauri Chaura incident took place on 4 February 1922

at Chauri Chaura in the Gorakhpur district of the United Provinces
in British India.
 When a large group of protesters participating in the non-cooperation
movement, clashed with police who opened fire.
 In retaliation the demonstrators attacked and set fire to a police
station, killing all of its occupants.
 The incident led to the death of three civilians and 22 policemen. 
 Mahatma Gandhi, who was strictly against violence, halted the non-
cooperation movement on the national level on 12 February 1922, as
a direct result of this incident.
 Mahatma Gandhi, who
was strictly against
violence, halted the non- CHAURI-CHAURA

cooperation movement on
the national level on 12
February 1922, as a direct
result of this incident
 THE CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT – DANDI MARCH

 The march passed through 4 districts and 48 villages from Gandhi Ji's
Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi lasted from 12 March to 6 April 1930.
 It was a direct action campaign of tax resistant and nonviolent
protest against the British salt monopoly.
 Under this salt law, Indians were restricted from producing or selling
salt.
 It was a direct
action campaign of tax
resistant and nonviolent
protest against the British DANDI
salt monopoly