Module: Healthcare

Unit 4: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems

Learning outcomes:
01- Organize healthcare activities for people in a situation of dependency, according to their
characteristics and needs.
03- Characterize healthcare activities, by relating the needs and characteristics of users with what
is established in the care plan.
05-Perform control and monitoring of healthcare activities by analyzing the established
observation and register protocols

Unit 4: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems

Video 2: Respiratory Physiotherapy

1. Breathing exercises.
2. Percussion/vibration procedures (Clapping technique)
3. Use of the incentive spirometer

Incentive spirometers are intended to prevent pulmonary complications such as pneumonia or atelectasis.

Spirometer. Procedure.
It is used when the patient finds breathing difficult, or deep breaths painful. The patient expels all the air
from the lungs and then inhales through the mouthpiece, which sets in motion the spirometer balls in each
department, thus strengthening the user’s abdominal muscles.

Peak flow meter:

The peak expiratory flow rate is measured with an expiratory flow meter (peak flow meter)
In patients with asthma, measured values may be decreased during an asthma attack.

Procedure: Flow rate readings are one of the many tests to measure airways performance.

Oxygen delivery devices:

1. Nasal cannula
2. Simple face mask
3. Venturi Mask
4. Reservoir mask
5. Tracheostomy mask
6. Manual ventilation system (bag-valve-mask, Ambu)

Ambu bag-mask ventilation:

Atmospheric air contains about 21% oxygen.
Oxygen therapy administers higher amounts of oxygen using different devices such as:
- the simple face mask;
 - the adult nebulization mask;
- the Venturi mask: it comprises a device that regulates the administration of oxygen from 21 to
50%;
- the tracheostomy mask: it supplies 35 to 70% oxygen;
- the tracheostomy nebulization mask

● Simple face mask

● Venturi Mask

● Tracheostomy mask

Material to prepare for the opening of airways:

Guedel cannula: We must choose the right size for the airway type: pediatric or adult
- Y-connector
- T-connector

Accessory material for suction of secretions with the corresponding suction catheters.
Procedure: Block with a thumb the thumb-control valve in the suction tube.

Endotracheal tube.
Procedure:
- Check the inflation of the pilot balloon in the endotracheal tube.
- Check the inflation of the pilot balloon in the tracheostomy cannula.
- Check the tightness in the inner cannula.