211AU514 ASSIGNMENT SERIES-59

HYPERAUTOMATION
ASSIGNMENT CODE: 2022OD018
DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

Hyper automation – The next frontier:

RPA had been launched in the late 1950s, with the development of ML by Arthur Samuel (1959). In its nascent
stage, RPA was a standalone concept of virtual workforce with specific application areas and pre-defined
capabilities. However, rules were just not enough to justify the raging requirements of the real world. To sustain
and grow in the age of Industrial Revolution 4.0, the very concept needed an innovative jolt.
‘Evolution before extinction’, a mantra that led to dynamic integration of RPA, along with AI and ML, bringing
together one of the most disruptive technologies of current times under a single umbrella. The strategic
amalgam gave rise to what we know as hyper automation. Offering organizations to digitally transform their
ways of working and lay down a strong foundation for areas of innovation of the future, hyper automation
thrives to live by the saying – ‘Today's Disruptive is Tomorrow's Stable.’

Introduction:
Hyper automation refers to a combination of complementary sets of tools that can integrate functional and
process silos to automate and augment business processes. Hyper automation brings together several
components of process automation, integrating tools and technologies that amplify the overall ability to
automate business processes. It starts with RPA at its core, and expands the automation horizon with AI,
process mining, analytics, and other advanced tools. The integration of these multiple technologies enables end-
to-end process redesign, automation, and monitoring, delivering much greater value and impact.
Hyper automation provides several benefits over other automation technologies. These include automating
processes at a quicker rate; using advanced analytics; offering increased employee satisfaction and motivation;
assigning a workforce for value-added tasks; sharing accurate insights; ensuring enhanced compliance and
reduced risk; and enabling greater productivity and increased team collaboration.

Analysis of conventional RPA and its limitations:

RPA is one of the most highly discussed and adopted automation technologies across industries and geographic
markets. This disruptive technology has evolved the way organizations work and operate. Although RPA’s
advantages are widely known, some of the key gains to be acquainted with are mentioned below:
• Decreased cycle times and improved throughput
• Flexibility and scalability
• Improved accuracy
• Effective utilization of resources
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To embrace more digitized ways of working, many organizations have adopted robotics to automate
repetitive processes. Now those organizations are seeking to scale these solutions with AI to go beyond the
routine to beinnovative.

Emergence of hyper automation:

Industries have witnessed some of the major fundamental changes in the past that led them to reconsider and
further forced them to re-invent their ways of working to adapt and evolve with the changing times and trends.
Fueled by innovation and taking steady steps towards technological growth, these disruptive events have been
instrumental in shaping methodical changes across the world and developing industries. The first industrial
revolution or the proto-industrialization period, powered industries and improved production capacity by
introducing mechanization. The second one, almost a century later, made way for massive technological
advancements in the industries that helped the emergence of new sources of energy, electricity, gas, and oil.
After mastering the Mega, they were keen to explore the Micro. Thus, the third revolution brought forth the rise
of electronics, telecommunications, and of course computers; devices that accelerated industries’ growth like
never before.
And Industry 4.0 is the latest age that has exponential potentials. It is pushing new limits for industries to
develop and evolve with every passing second. Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman at the World
Economic Forum, in his article, ‘The Fourth Industrial Revolution: what it means, how to respond’, quotes –
“The Fourth Industrial Revolution, finally, will change not only what we do but also who we are. It will affect
our identity and all the issues associated with it: our sense of privacy, our notions of ownership, our
consumption patterns, the time we devote to work and leisure, and how we develop our careers, cultivate our
skills, meet people, and nurture relationships. It is already changing our health and leading to a “quantified”
self, and sooner than we think it may lead to human augmentation. The list is endless because it is bound only
by our imagination.” Industry 4.0, a global phenomenon triggered by a pool of technologies of the modern
world that have edged their ways through the needs of users and evolved over the decades as a result of
consistent efforts and humble collaborations. These technologies have thrived the long list of requirements,
while standalone, and are ready to unite together to overcome the limitations poised by the changing times.

Hyper automation ecosystem:

Hyper automation refers to a combination of automation tools with multiple ML applications and packaged
software used to deliver work. RPA is just one subset of the key technologies helping to drive hyper
automation. Other technologies include intelligent Business Process Management Suites (IBMs), integration
Platform as a Service (iPaaS) platforms, and decision management systems. Together, they provide a robust
toolbox of technologies that enables hyper automation. Hyper automation Ecosystem Machine Learning The
RPA market is facing market disruptions as heavy R&D investments continue to flow in to redefine services
and solution offerings. New offerings with a broader reach, new vendors, and new commercial models are
emerging rapidly to redefine the market. This will lead to a revitalization that is far beyond simple task-based
RPA.
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Way forward:
The strength of intelligent automation comes to the fore when RPA combines with AI to enable applications
that go beyond the routine to the innovative: from collecting and processing data to analyzing and making
contextual decisions. However, based on a survey by Harvard Business Review, a significant number of survey
respondents (48 percent) admit to neither thinking about nor implementing an intelligent automation strategy
that includes AI. Another 36 percent include AI in their strategies but not at scale. Only 11 percent companies
are currently scaling solutions that include The potential of hyper automation is huge. Problems that could have
been solved yesterday using human intelligence, can be solved tomorrow using digital twins. Just as the
complexity of electronic circuits had doubled in a given period of time (Moore’s law), automation technologies
will also grow exponentially. As advancements in different technologies ended up complementing each other
and forming hyper automation, we look forward to a similar amalgamation in the future. Nevertheless, with the
technological capabilities currently available with hyper automation, organizations have the capability to
entirely transform their core business operations and be a part of Industrial Revolution 4.0. Considering the
evolving nature of the business environment and the ongoing COVID-19 situation, adopting automation has
become critical. Hyper automation is a collection of various complimenting technologies and it often leads to
the creation of a digital twin of the organization that can support business operations in parallel to an
organization's physical workforce.

References:
https://www.lexalytics.com/lexablog/text-analytics-nlp-rpa-use-cases
211AU514 ASSIGNMENT SERIES-59

Why Telecom Service Providers Should opt for Open RAN

ASSIGNMENT CODE: 2022OD043

211AU514
DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE
ENGINEERING

INTRODUCTION
RAN is the primary building block of a telecom community.
Traditionally, RAN become based on proprietary technologies of world telecom device manufacturers which
include Ericsson, Nokia, Huawei and ZTE. Telecom operators had to buy a whole block - software program and
hardware - from one vendor. With Open RAN however, Telco’s have the flexibility to use answers from
multiple companies. But the open RAN marketplace continues to be in its infancy. Currently, only round 35
lively open RAN deployments have taken area throughout the globe. Many of these contain cellular community
operators trying out Open RAN in greenfield, rural and rising markets. Deployments, that have began gradually,
may additionally double this year but the Open RAN generation ought to take 3 to five years to mature, though
its adoption should boost up unexpectedly, multinational representative Deloitte has stated in a file.

Advances in technology:
Lower cost of ownership:
There are, however, more than one challenges. Extensive trying out of cease-to-end answers by using more than
one providers and device integration is luxurious and takes more effort and time before they're completely
deployed, Deloitte says.
Open RAN is an critical opportunity and a massive place of business hobby. It ought to cause great financial
savings for telecom operators. However, from a bigger attitude, telcos will keep to rely upon big vendors like
Ericsson, Nokia as they offer cease-to-end answers for networks,” says Mahesh Uppal, a telecom professional
and founding father of area of interest consultancy Comfits. The cost of 5G answers will come down, but whether
that could trickle down to clients is doubtful, Uppal says.
Indian telephone users consume the second maximum statistics globally on common. Data use is predicted to
attain forty GB according to month via 2026, from 14.6 GB a month remaining 12 months, as in step with
Ericsson’s estimates. With the onset of 5G, records intake degrees are anticipated to growth manifold. Deloitte
says one of the most compelling value propositions of digital RAN architectures, Open or Closed, is in their
potential to lower the overall value of possession (TCO) of RAN networks. This will come from lower
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prematurely capital deployment costs and decreased working fees via automation.
US-primarily based cloud local network software company Mavenir has anticipated financial savings of 40% on
capex and 37% on opex, resulting in an usual 37% TCO saving while the use of Open RAN. Mavenir did the
TCO estimates over a six-yr period, in consultation with Senza Fili, an outside analyst and consulting firm. Open
RAN also encourages innovation in telecom firms.
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Instead of changing community equipment to introduce new features and capabilities, Open RAN permits a telco
to replace software program to beat change-shortening upgrades and innovation cycles. In February 2018, global
telecom giants AT&T, China Mobile, Deutsche Telekom, NTT DoCoMo and Orange formed the O-RAN
Alliance. Bharti Airtel and Reliance Jio are members of the Alliance, even as Vodafone Global is also a part of
it.
Many alliances have additionally come up on Open RAN – namely, Telecom Infrastructure Project by way of
Facebook and Open RAN Policy Coalition. Airtel is leading the O-RAN initiative in the us of a with the aid of
partnering with agencies consisting of Intel, Qualcomm, Mavenir, Altiostar and Red Hat, chief govt Gopal Vital
stated all through its current profits call.

Strategic alliances:
Airtel currently announced a strategic alliance with Tata Group and TCS to construct 5G networks based on Open
RAN era, to roll out merchandise and answers first of all for India and take it to the sector in the end.
Reliance Jio Infocomm, the most important telecom business enterprise in India with the aid of variety of
subscribers, is testing its own 5G Open RAN solution in several towns. Its parent organization, Jio Platforms, has
partnered with chipmakers Qualcomm and NXP to make virtualized RAN and small cells to help its 5G
community, for various use instances including fixed wi-fi get admission to (FWA). At the worldwide level,
Vodafone Group is making speedy strides in the Open RAN area.

It these days announced partnerships with strategic providers – Dell, NEC, Samsung Electronics, Wind River,
Capgemini Engineering and Keysight Technologies – to at the same time installation the first industrial Open
RAN in Europe. In India, Vodafone Idea is likewise focusing on Open RAN for future 5G networks.
"This is the right path for the enterprise to move on. The initial deployment can be a combination of Open RAN
and included RAN but everything's going to be virtualized in the long run,” chief era officer Jagbir Singh informed
ET in an interview recently. Besides telecom gamers, businesses along with Tech Mahindra, Saankhya Labs,
Cyient and device makers along with Sterlite Technologies (STL), HFCL and Mavenir are seeing massive ability
on this market.
“We are designing and growing answers thru Open RAN for Indian in addition to international customers. STL
is positioned pretty properly to provide a complete suite of incorporated answers to telecom operators for 5G -
from fibre to small cells to 5G microcells” says Ankit Agarwal, CEO - Connectivity Solutions, STL. The
organization lately appointed former AT&T govt Chris Rice as the CEO of a brand new enterprise unit for Open
RAN and 5G.
Mavenir is also working with Indian operators and machine integrators to build and function Open RAN-primarily
based networks. "We are enticing with diverse providers to put together a fee-powerful solution to deal with the
Open RAN market… (we're) additionally running closer to manufacturing Open RAN products under the ‘Make
in India’ program. We are watching for large scale deployments in India for Open RAN inside the next 6-365
days,” says Sanjay Bakaya, Country Head-India & Regional Vice President, India & South Asia, Mavenir.
Globally, telecom operators observe a stepwise approach, by using to start with focused on deployments round
4G/5G greenfield or brownfield sites to make sure wholesome returns on investment, he says.
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The Open RAN architecture has also opened the door for Indian software program, system makers and system
integrators to seize a bit of the worldwide 5G marketplace. In quick, Open RAN appears to be a good wager.
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For telecom gamers, it lowers capex and opex, brings in more performance and innovative solutions with quicker
deployment of 5G. For device integrators, it's miles a manner of expanding their attain globally. And for software
makers, it's far an opportunity to build ‘Make in India’ solutions for the worldwide market.
Process Flow:
When a user dials a range of to hook up with any other consumer or connects to a far off server for information
like whilst you do to access a internet site or YouTube, our cell tool sends request to RAN Base station.
Whenever a consumer needs to name every other person, it dials his wide variety then cellular transmits a
frequency signal to nearby tower’s antenna which receives radio signal and method the decision float to the stop
system then antenna transmit to 2d consumer it acquire name and respond to user 1.

Reference:
https://www.parallelwireless.com/