Lab 13: Visualization of Gastrointestinal

Anatomy and Motility

Lab 13 - Anatomy and Motility of the GI Tract – Upper
GI Tract - Mouth, Pharynx, and Esophagus
Anatomy Motility
Muscular movements travel in a wavelike fashion
Pharynx along the length of part of the tract

Mouth

Fig. 15.7
 Lab 13 – Anatomy and Motility of the GI Tract –
Upper GI Tract - Stomach
Motility
Anatomy Peristalsis/peristalic waves
Fundus

Body

Fig. 15.15
Antrum
Pyloric
Causes of motility
sphincter
Fig. 15.9
Movement of antral content Movement of antral
is forced through the pyloric contents backward toward
sphincter due a powerful the body of the stomach
peristaltic wave in the
antrum.
Lab 13 – Anatomy and Motility of the GI Tract –
Upper GI Tract - Small Intestines
Anatomy Motility
Rhythmic contraction and relaxation which produces a
continuous division and subdivision of the intestinal
content

Peristalsis/peristalic waves

• Pattern of peristaltic activity along the small

intestines and then die out
From Blausen_0817_SmallIntestine_Anatomy.png • Occurs when most of the meal is absorbed and the
segmentation ends.
 Lab 13 – Anatomy and Motility of the GI Tract –
Lower GI Tract - Large Intestines
Anatomy Motility

Transverse
Ileocecal sphincter/Ileocecal valve colon
Fig. 15.36

Ascending
Descending Wave of intense contraction that spreads rapidly over
colon
colon the colon towards the rectum
Cecum

Sigmoid
Appendix colon

Rectum

Fig. 15.37 Internal anal sphincter

&
External anal sphincter
Contraction of the rectum and relaxation of the
internal anal sphincter but contraction of the external
anal sphincter (initially) and increased motility in the
sigmoid colon.
 Lab 13– Goals (aka Learning Outcomes)

• Staff and students will observe radiography and endoscopy

videos, and together accomplish the following:
o Trace the gastrointestinal (GI) tract from mouth to anus.
o Identify various sections of the tract and its sphincters.
o Identify and state where GI motility patterns occur.

• Describe the gastrointestinal motility patterns.

 Lab 13 – Setup
Animal model: Human and dog

Setup: Watching a barium swallow and enema radiography, and a endoscopy video.
Students will be responsible in identify parts of the GI tracts, sphincters, and what type of
motility is occurring in the videos.

Barium Swallow Radiography Barium Enema Radiography Endoscopy

• Image upper GI tract • Image lower GI tract • Video record upper
• Human and dog • Human GI tract
• Human

Fig. 15.38