VanHinsberg WindEnergy2016

DLR.de • Chart 1/16 > Van Hinsberg • WindEnergy Hamburg 2016 > 28.09.
2016
WIND TUNNEL VALIDATION EXPERIMENTS OF

2D- AND 3D-MODELS UNDER PITCHING MOTION
AT THE
INSTITUTE OF AEROELASTICITY
DLR GÖTTINGEN
Dr. Nils van Hinsberg

DLR Göttingen – Institute of Aeroelasticity
WindEnergy Hamburg
September 28, 2016
DLR.de • Chart 2/16 > Van Hinsberg • WindEnergy Hamburg 2016 > 28.09.2016
Institute overview
Institute of Aeroelasticity
Structural dynamics and aeroelastic

system identification
Aeroelastic simulation
Loads analysis and aeroelastic

design
Aeroelastic wind tunnel experiments
Aeroelastic experiments
Aeorelasticity of turbomachinery
Aeroelastic wind tunnel experiments group

• Deals with all kinds of thinkable wind tunnel experiments in
aeroelasticity:
 Aeroelastic stability of laminar wings
 Aeroelastic stability of vortex dominated, highly separated flows
 Gust response
 Analysis of non-linear effects, limit cycle oscillations
 Buffeting
 (Deep) dynamic stall / overshoot of wind turbine and helicopter
rotor blades
• Goal of the experiments:

 Investigate / understand fluid-structure interaction at the limit of
aerodynamic areas with high transonic Mach numbers and / or
detached flows
 Generate validation data for numerical simulations
• Experience in the major European wind-tunnels of DNW, ETW,

ONERA
Strong interaction between experimental and numerical simulation groups
Experimental tasks Numerical tasks

• Investigation of physical • Modelling of complex
phenomena systems
• Complex experimental • Fluid structure coupling

simulations which cannot technologies
Set-up in the adaptive test section
be done analytically
• Multidisciplinary simulation of DNW-TWG
• Generation of data bases and analysis

for validation of unsteady
• Multidisciplinary
aerodynamics
optimization
Of particular importance for the institute!

CFD Grid of FLIB-2
for CFD-CSM coupled simulation
Applicable measurement techniques
• Institute of Aeroelasticity: In-house data acquisition system:

 Piezoelectric balances  Modular system (units of 64 and 128 channels)
 Pressure transducers  All signal synchronised
 Accelerometers  Each channel 24 bit and up to 205 kHz
 Lasertriangulators  Unlimited record time
 Laservibrometers
Master
 Inclinometers Client
 Non-intrusive position measurements
 Digital BOS Gigabit
View
Clients Ethernet
• In coorperation with DLR-AS: Switch
 Hot-film Sensors
 Moiré Imaging
 Laser Light Sheet Visualisation
 Particle image velocimetry
 Pressure sensitive paint
 Infrared imaging
Slave Measurement Units
Transonic wind tunnel Göttingen (DNW-TWG)
• Test section size: 1.0 m x 1.0 m • Stagnation pressure: 30 kPa – 150 kPa
• Mach number: 0.3 - 0.9 • Stagnation temperature: 293 K – 315 K
(adaptive test section) • Contraction ratio: 16 : 1
• Reynolds number: 0.5 Mio. – 6 Mio. • Turbulence level:  0.10% – 0.25%
(c=0.3 m) (M0.5) (M0.8)
Forced-pitch oscillation setup for 2D- and 3D-models

• Forced pitching set-up with symmetrical suspension using hydraulic actuators
• Piezoelectric balances for unsteady force and pitching moment measurements
• Laser triangulators for precise angle determination
• Synchronized DAQ up to 1000 channels (e.g. Kulites, Accelerometers)
20 Harmonic excitation
18 NVS NG
Oscillation amplitude [°]

16
14
Saw-tooth
Saw- excitation
12
10
8 Harmonic excitation
6
4
2
00 10 20 30 40 50 60
Excitation frequency [Hz]
Passive dynamic stall control by LEVoGs

(European patent 1714869)
Lift Drag Pitching

-24%
moment
+48%
LEVoGs eq. -38%
clean blade
LEVoGs provide:
• Overall lift increase
• Pitching-moment peak reduction
• Pressure-drag reduction
Influence of LEVoGs on flow separation behaviour at stall

Vorticity contours during stroke-up at M = 0.31
=15.6 =17.8 =19.4
Clean
=15.6 =17.8 =19.4
LEVoGs
PIV by J. Bosbach, DLR, AS-TS

Laminar airfoil testing under pitching motion in Transonic wind tunnel Göttingen
Infrared Thermography
Wake rake
60 Unsteady Pressure Sensors

32 Hot-Film Sensors
View downstream in adaptive test section of TWG

High-pressure wind tunnel Göttingen (DNW-HDG)
• Test section size: 0.6 m x 0.6 m • Stagnation pressure: atm. – 10 MPa

• Velocity: 4 – 35 m/s (M  0.1) • Stagnation temperature: 293 K – 315 K
• Reynolds number: 0.03 Mio. – 20 Mio. • Turbulence level:  0.2% – 0.7%
(c=0.1 m) (atm.) (10MPa)
Forced-pitch motion at high Reynolds numbers
• Forced pitching set-up with symmetrical

suspension using torque motors
• Piezoelectric balance
Torque motor Bearing
• Static and dynamic angle measurements
• Synchronized DAQ up to 1000 channels V
(e.g. Kulites, Accelerometers)
• Experimental parameters:
 Profile chord: 0.1 m
 Reynolds number: 0.03 Mio. – 20 Mio.
 Velocity range: 4 – 35
 Frequencies: 0.1 – 15 Hz (ω∗ = 1)
 Amplitudes: 0.02° – 15°
 Steady angles
of incidence: 0° – 360° Piezoelectric
balance
Cryogenic wind tunnel Cologne (DNW-KKK)
• Test section size: 2.4 m x 2.4 m • Stagnation pressure: atm.

• Mach number: 0 – 0.38 • Stagnation temperature: 100 K – 300 K
• Reynolds number: 0.2 Mio. – 15 Mio.
(c=0.4 m)
Laminar airfoil testing under pitching motion in Cryogenic wind tunnel Göttingen
Experimental parameters: PicColor

• Profile chord: 0.4 m markers
• Reynolds number: 0.2 Mio. – 15 Mio.
• Mach number: 0.1 – 0.38
• Frequencies: 0.1 – 52 Hz (ω∗ = 1) Wake rake
• Amplitudes: 0.02° – 1°
• Steady angles
of incidence: -5° – +5°
Hot film
sensors
Extreme flexible 3D-wing at subsonic velocity in “Seitenwindkanal Göttingen (SWG)”

Summary: Validation experiments at the Institute of Aeroelasticity, DLR Göttingen

• Offers a complete service of aeroelastic wind-tunnel investigations:
 In-house design and construction of wind-tunnel models
 Test planning and preparation accompanied by numerical
simulation for dimensioning of model and loads
 Setting-up of FE model for W/T model
 Calculating aeroelastic stability for W/T model
 Verifying and updating FE model by GVT at W/T boundary Contact details:
conditions
Dr.-Ing. Nils van Hinsberg
 Updating of aeroelastic stability analysis
 Performing tests using state-of-the-art measuring techniques DLR - Institute of Aeroelasticity
 Data evaluation Bunsenstr. 10
• Testing experience from low-speed to transonic speed D-37073 Goettingen
Germany
• High Reynolds-number testing in cryogenic and high-pressure W/T
• Experienced specialized scientists, engineers and technicians P: +49 (0)551-709-2989
F: +49 (0)551-709-2862
• Mature expertise and proven effectiveness over years
E: Nils.vanHinsberg@dlr.de

VanHinsberg WindEnergy2016

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DLR.de • Chart 1/16 > Van Hinsberg • WindEnergy Hamburg 2016 > 28.09.

WIND TUNNEL VALIDATION EXPERIMENTS OF

Dr. Nils van Hinsberg

Structural dynamics and aeroelastic

Loads analysis and aeroelastic

Aeroelastic wind tunnel experiments group

• Goal of the experiments:

• Experience in the major European wind-tunnels of DNW, ETW,

Strong interaction between experimental and numerical simulation groups

Experimental tasks Numerical tasks

• Complex experimental • Fluid structure coupling

• Generation of data bases and analysis

Of particular importance for the institute!

Applicable measurement techniques

• Institute of Aeroelasticity: In-house data acquisition system:

Transonic wind tunnel Göttingen (DNW-TWG)

Forced-pitch oscillation setup for 2D- and 3D-models

Oscillation amplitude [°]

Passive dynamic stall control by LEVoGs

Lift Drag Pitching

Influence of LEVoGs on flow separation behaviour at stall

=15.6 =17.8 =19.4

=15.6 =17.8 =19.4

PIV by J. Bosbach, DLR, AS-TS

60 Unsteady Pressure Sensors

View downstream in adaptive test section of TWG

High-pressure wind tunnel Göttingen (DNW-HDG)

• Test section size: 0.6 m x 0.6 m • Stagnation pressure: atm. – 10 MPa

Forced-pitch motion at high Reynolds numbers

• Forced pitching set-up with symmetrical

Cryogenic wind tunnel Cologne (DNW-KKK)

• Test section size: 2.4 m x 2.4 m • Stagnation pressure: atm.

Experimental parameters: PicColor

Extreme flexible 3D-wing at subsonic velocity in “Seitenwindkanal Göttingen (SWG)”

Summary: Validation experiments at the Institute of Aeroelasticity, DLR Göttingen

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