(MATH2111) (2010) (S) Midterm gl0cn3 35636

(MATH2111)[2010](s)midterm~=gl0cn3^_35636.pdf downloaded by phlaiaa from http://petergao.net/ustpastpaper/down.php?course=MATH2111&id=0 at 2023-03-29 13:06:57. Academic use within HKUST only.
Midterm
24 March, 2010
Name: ID: L1A or L1B or L2A,

L2B, or L3A, L3B
Directions: Do all four problems. You must show your work and justify
your answers in order to receive credit. You have 1 hour, from 7pm to 8pm.
No calculator will be allowed.
Problem 1 2 3 4 Total:
Scores
1. (20 pts.) Decide the following statements are true or false. Justify your
answer.
(1) The following set of vectors are linearly independent. (10pts)
     
1 2 0 7
 3   1   0   3 
v1 =   
 5  , v2 =  −3
 , v3 =   , v4 = 
  0   2


9 3 0 −1
Solution: The statement above is false. The linear dependence rela-

tion for v1 , v2 , v3 and v4 is:
0 ∗ v1 + 0 ∗ v2 + 1 ∗ v3 + 0 ∗ v4 = 0
Therefore v1 , v2 , v3 , v4 are linearly dependent with weights (0, 0, 1, 0).

Decide the following statements are true or false. Justify your answer.
(2) If det A 6= 0, then the map from Rn to Rn defined by mapping x to
Ax is one to one. (10pts)
Solution: The statement above is true. If the determinant of a matrix
A is nonzero, A is a invertible matrix. By the inverse matrix theory,
the map from x to Ax is one to one.
2. (25 pts.) Let B T denote the transpose of the matrix B. Compute the
determinant of the matrix det(AB T ), where
   
1 0 0 1 3 2
A =  1 1 1  and B =  1 2 3 
1 3 2 0 1 1
Solution: We have
det(AB T ) = det(A) det(B T ).
and
det B T = det B
Here by using the cofactor expansion across the first row for A.
¯ ¯
¯ 1 1 ¯
det(A) = 1 ∗ ¯¯ ¯ = 2 − 3 = −1
¯
3 2
Using the cofactor expansion across the third row for B, then
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ 1 2 ¯ ¯ ¯
det(B) = −1 ∗ ¯¯ ¯+1∗¯ 1 3 ¯ = −(3 − 2) + (2 − 3) = −2
1 3 ¯ ¯ 1 2 ¯
Therefore,
det(AB T ) = (−1) ∗ (−2) = 2

3. (30 pts.) Find the inverse of matrix A by the row operations, where
 
1 −3 3 −1
 0 0 0 1 
A=  2 −6 7 0 

1 −4 7 1
Solution: We perform row operation on [ A | I5 ].
   
1 −3 3 −1 1 0 0 0 1 −3 3 −1 1 0 0 0 r1
 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0   1 −4 7 −1 0 0 1 0 
[A|I5 ] =   =⇒   r4
 2 −6 7 0 0 0 1 0   2 −6 7 0 0 0 0 1  r3
1 −4 7 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 r2
 
1 −3 3 −1 1 0 0 0 r1
 0 −1 4 2 −1 0 0 
1  r2 − r1
=⇒  0 0 1 2 −2 0 1 0  r3 − 2r1
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 r4
 
1 −3 3 0 1 1 0 0 r1 + r4
 0 −1 4 0 −1 −2 0 1 
=⇒   2 − 2r4
r
 0 0 1 0 −2 −2 1 0  r3 − 2r4
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 r4
 
1 −3 0 0 7 7 −3 0 r1 − 3r3
 0 −1 0 0 7 
6 −4 1  r2 − 4r3
=⇒  0 0 1 0 −2 −2 1 0  r3
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 r4
 
1 0 0 0 −14 −11 9 −3 r1 − 3r2
 0 −1 0 0 7 6 −4 1  r2
=⇒ 
 0 0 1 0


−2 −2 1 0 r3
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 r4
 
1 0 0 0 −14 −11 9 −3 r1
 0 1 0 0 −7 −6 4 −1  −r
=⇒  0 0 1
 2
0 −2 −2 1 0  r3
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 r4
Therefore, A−1 is equal to

 
−14 −11 9 −3
 −7 −6 4 −1 
A−1 =
 −2 −2 1 0 

0 1 0 0
4. (25 pts.) Consider the following linear system:
x1 + x2 − x3 − 2x4 = 1
x1 + 2x2 + 2x3 − x4 = 0
−2x1 − 3x2 + kx3 + 3x4 = −1
(i) Find the value of k such that the linear system is consistent. (20
pts.)
(ii) When the system is consistent, point out the basic variables and
the free variables. (5 pts.)
Solution: The augmented matrix of the linear system is:
 
1 1 −1 −2 1
 1 2 2 −1 0 
−2 −3 k 3 −1
Performing the elementary row operation on the augmented matrix, we

get
   
1 1 −1 −2 1 1 1 −1 −2 1 R1
 1 2 2 −1 0  
=⇒ 0 1 3 1 −1  R2 − R1
−2 −3 k 3 −1 0 −1 k − 2 −1 1 R3 + 2R1
 
1 1 −1 −2 1 R1

=⇒ 0 1 3 1 −1  R2
0 0 k+1 0 0 R3 + R2
For the system to be consistent, which means the linear system has at
least one solution, we should not have any row vector like
£ ¤
0 0 0 0 b
in the echelon form of the augmented matrix, where b 6= 0.

The third row of the echelon form is:
£ ¤
0 0 k+1 0 0
The constant coefficient is zero. Therefore, for any value of k ∈ R, the

linear system is consistent.
(2). When k + 1 = 0, namely k = −1, x1 , x2 are basic variable and
x3 , x4 are free variables.
When k 6= −1, then x1 , x2 , x3 are basic variables and x4 is the free
variable.
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(MATH2111)[2010](s)midterm~=gl0cn3^_35636.pdf downloaded by phlaiaa from http://petergao.net/ustpastpaper/down.php?course=MATH2111&id=0 at 2023-03-29 13:06:57. Academic use within HKUST only.

Name: ID: L1A or L1B or L2A,

Solution: The statement above is false. The linear dependence rela-

Therefore v1 , v2 , v3 , v4 are linearly dependent with weights (0, 0, 1, 0).

det(AB T ) = det(A) det(B T ).

det(AB T ) = (−1) ∗ (−2) = 2

Solution: We perform row operation on [ A | I5 ].

Therefore, A−1 is equal to

4. (25 pts.) Consider the following linear system:

Performing the elementary row operation on the augmented matrix, we

in the echelon form of the augmented matrix, where b 6= 0.

The constant coefficient is zero. Therefore, for any value of k ∈ R, the

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