Morgan Johnson sept 2013

This article has been written about how the quality of management impact the rate of employee
turnover. For finding the impact, she collected data from 100 district schools in 2000 to 2005. The
findings reveal that organizations with high-quality middle managers experience lower turnover than
organizations with lower middle management quality. Middle manager quality has a negative and
significant impact on teacher turnover; upper manager quality does not have a significant effect.

Moreover, this study found that the ability of middle level managers to affect turnover is not
contingent on the size of the organization. However, the influence of quality upper management on
turnover is moderated by organization size. This adds to the private sector and human capital
management literatures about the relationship between turnover, managerial quality and organizational
size. The findings presented in this paper show that good management has an impact on turnover, and
these impacts can vary depending on organization size.

School districts are flat organizations whereas most public organizations are complex organizations with
more than three levels. Moreover, the hiring and firing procedures for Texas school districts are
different than those of other public agencies. However, studying school districts gives us an advantage;
in school districts, it is clear who is the upper level, middle level and street level. They also allow us to
see what would happen if managers had the discretion to reward, hire and fire—a kind of best case
scenario for managers. (Johnson, 2013)

Ut Lon IM in fall 2011

This research is published o he Macau city which is in China. As Macau population is about half-a-million.
Macau attracts a lot of visitors from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. Visitors from these
locations make up more than 85% of the total visitors to Macau

Hospitality is the leading industry in Macau. The current turnover issue of frontline employees is
a critical concern to the performance and long-term sustainability of hospitality firms. There is a need to
learn more about the causes of turnover in Macau. The objective of this research paper was to conduct
a thorough review on turnover, including both Western-based and Asian-based reports in order to
provide better insight regarding the turnover situation in Macau.