Basic Load Cases Used For Piping Stress Analysis

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Basic Load Cases used for Piping Stress Analysis

Following steps shall be carried for Piping Stress Analysis of any system,
1. Identify the Critical lines from the P&ID based on the criteria mentioned in the Piping
Stress Analysis Design Basis.
2. Prepare a Stress Critical Line list
3. Categorize the lines as Category-1 (Extensive computer analysis required), Category-2
(Visual Analysis or by Nomo graphs, etc.) and Category-3 (Non-critical lines)
4. Segregate the Category-1 lines and identify Stress systems. Segregation should be made
in such a way that proper boundary conditions can be defined for those lines. Also lines
which can affect the behavior of the system significantly should be selected. Depending
on the configurations Category-2 and Category-3 lines may also be included in the Piping
system
5. Select a system for the analysis based on the priority or project requirement
6. List down the lines to be included in the system
7. Check if all the parameters of the lines are available,
A. Maximum Design Temperature & Pressure
B. Operating Temperature & Pressure
C. Minimum Design Temperature & Pressure
D. Test Pressure
8. Check if any Occasional loading is applicable for the selected system,

A. Wind Loading
B. Seismic Loading
C. PSV reaction forces
9. Note down environmental Data of the project,
A. Ambient Temperature
10. Once the modeling of the system is done in the Caesar-II using all the above data, next
important activity is to formulate the load cases for which the system is to be analyzed
11. List down all the possible conditions the selected system may experience.
12. Load Cases for a piping system is given below,
CASE: 1 Basic parameters and no occasional loading
Following parameters will be used for formulating the load cases,
WW = Water filled weight
HP = Hydro test Pressure
W = Dead weight of the Piping system
P1 = Maximum Design Pressure
P2 = Operating Pressure
P3 = Minimum Design Pressure
T1 = Maximum Design Temperature
T2 = Operating Temperature
T3 = Minimum Design Temperature
Case No. Load Case Stress Type
L1 WW+HP HYDRO
L2 W+T1+P1 OPE
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L3 W+T2+P2 (P1 can be used in this case) OPE

L4 W+T3+P3 (P1 can be used in this case) OPE
L5 W+P1 SUS
L6 L2-L5 EXP
L7 L3-L5 EXP
L8 L4-L5 EXP
L9 L2-L4 EXP

CASE: 2 Basic Parameters with Wind loading

WIN1 = Wind Load in +X direction (direction is just for example user can use this
terminology for any other direction as per his ease)
WIN2 = Wind Load in –X direction (direction is just for example user can use this
WIN3 = Wind Load in +Z direction (direction is just for example user can use this
WIN4 = Wind Load in –Z direction (direction is just for example user can use this

Case Load Case Stress Type Combination Type
No.
L1 WW+HP HYDRO Algebraic
L2 W+T1+P1 OPE Algebraic
L3 W+T2+P2 (P1 can be used in this case) OPE Algebraic
L5 W+P1 SUS Algebraic
L6 W+T1+P1+WIN1 OPE Algebraic
L10 L6-L2 OCC Algebraic
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L14 L5+L10 OCC Scalar
L18 L2-L5 EXP Algebraic

CASE: 3 Basic Parameters with Seismic loading
U1 = Seismic loads also known as Uniform loads in terms of ‘g’ in North-South
Direction (direction is just for example user can use this terminology for any other direction
as per his ease)
U2 = Seismic loads also known as Uniform loads in terms of ‘g’ in East-West
as per his ease)
U3 = Seismic loads also known as Uniform loads in terms of ‘g’ in Vertical
as per his ease).
Generally vertical load due to seismic is negligible and not included in the Load case
formation.

No.
L6 W+T1+P1+U1 OPE Algebraic
L7 W+T1+P1-U1 OPE Algebraic
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CASE: 4 Basic Parameters with Wind &Seismic loading
WIN1 = Wind Load in +X direction (direction is just for example user can use this
WIN2 = Wind Load in –X direction (direction is just for example user can use this
WIN3 = Wind Load in +Z direction (direction is just for example user can use this
WIN4 = Wind Load in –Z direction (direction is just for example user can use this
U1 = Seismic loads also known as Uniform loads in terms of ‘g’ in North-South
as per his ease)
U2 = Seismic loads also known as Uniform loads in terms of ‘g’ in East-West
as per his ease)
U3 = Seismic loads also known as Uniform loads in terms of ‘g’ in Vertical
as per his ease).
Generally vertical load due to seismic is negligible and not included in the Load case
formation.

No.
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Basic Load Cases Used For Piping Stress Analysis

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Basic Load Cases used for Piping Stress Analysis

8. Check if any Occasional loading is applicable for the selected system,

L3 W+T2+P2 (P1 can be used in this case) OPE

CASE: 2 Basic Parameters with Wind loading

L13 L9-L2 OCC Algebraic

L9 W+T1+P1-U2 OPE Algebraic

L1 WW+HP HYDRO Algebraic

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