Pipe Material

Specification for Page 1
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0
CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
Total Pages: 29
CLIENT: PROJECT NAME:
INSTRUCTION TO DOCUMENT CONTROL
Entire specification revised. Reissue all pages.
Reissue revised pages only.
STAMP THE SPECIFICATION AS FOLLOWS:
Printed: August 17, 2000

Issued for comments and approval
Caution: Non-Controlled copy.
Valid only at time of retrieval from network
Issued for quotation source directory. User should verify that the
revision number is the most current.
Issued for purchase
Issued for fabrication (equipment specs. only)
Issued for construction (installation specs. only)
Issued for design
SPECIFICATION REVISION INDEX
Revision
Pages
Revised Remarks
Prepared/ Checked/ Project Approved/ Client Approved/
No. Date Date Date Date
/conversion/tmp/activity_task_scratch/620253138.doc Rev. 0
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
1.3 ABBREVIATIONS
1.4 DESIGN CONDITIONS
1.5 PIPING CLASSES
1.6 IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR PIPING CLASSES
1.7 CERTIFICATION
2.0 VALVES
2.1 VALVE DESIGN AND DIMENSIONAL STANDARDS

2.2 CORROSION RESISTANT VALVES
2.3 VALVE PACKING AND TRIM
2.4 SOFT SEATED VALVES
2.5 GATE AND GLOBE VALVES
2.6 CHECK VALVES
2.7 LUBRICATED PLUG VALVES
2.8 BALL VALVES
2.9 BUTTERFLY VALVES
2.10 SUBSTITUTIONS
2.11 BYPASSES
3.0 FLANGES
3.1 FLANGE STANDARDS

3.2 FLANGE REQUIREMENTS
3.3 CONTACT SURFACE FINISH
3.4 ORIFICE FLANGES
4.0 PIPE
4.1 PIPE MATERIALS

4.2 CORROSION ALLOWANCE
4.3 PIPE NIPPLES
4.4 PROCESS INSTRUMENT LINES
4.5 LUBE AND SEAL OIL PIPING
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
5.0 FITTINGS
5.1 FITTING TYPES

5.2 TOLERANCES
5.3 BENDS
5.4 REDUCING FITTINGS
6.0 BRANCH CONNECTIONS
6.1 DEFINITION
6.2 BASIS
6.3 TABLES
6.4 PAD REINFORCED STUB-INS
6.5 BRANCHES IN SEVERE CYCLIC SERVICE
7.0 GASKETS
7.1 STANDARDS
7.2 GASKET TYPES
7.3 CENTERING RINGS
7.4 INNER CONFINING RINGS
7.5 GASKET THICKNESS
8.0 BOLTING
8.1 MATERIAL SELECTION

8.2 LUBRICANT
8.3 METRIC BOLTING
9.0 MISCELLANEOUS
9.1 TRAPS
9.2 BLANKS, BLEED RINGS AND SPACER RINGS
9.3 CONE AND BASKET STRAINERS
9.4 VENTS, DRAINS AND INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS
9.5 SPECIALTY ITEMS (SPs) AND MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS (MMs)
9.6 PIPE SUPPORTS
9.7 INSULATION
10.0 POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT
11.0 GALVANIZING
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
12.0 VACUUM SERVICE PIPING
13.0 COLOUR CODING SYSTEM
TABLES
TABLE 2.5-1 MANUAL GEAR OPERATORS

TABLE 2.7-1 MANUFACTURERS' STANDARD GEAR OPERATORS
TABLE 3.3-1 CONTACT SURFACE FINISH
TABLE 4.1-1 PIPE MATERIALS
TABLE 6.4-1 MINIMUM PAD WIDTHS
TABLE 7.2-1 GASKET TYPES
TABLE 8.1-1 BOLTING MATERIALS
TABLE 8.3-1 METRIC CONVERSION FOR FLANGE BOLTING
TABLE 8.3-2 NUT HEIGHTS
TABLE 13-0-1 PIPING MATERIAL - COLOUR CODE
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
1.0 GENERAL
1.1 Scope
A. This specification covers the general guidelines for the selection of piping
materials for process, utility, and instrument systems.
B. Materials covered by this specification include pipe, valves, fittings, flanges,

other common piping components and specialties. Individually engineered
items (which require data sheets) are covered in other specifications or by a
written description on the design drawing. The following are some examples
of individually engineered items:
 materials for line sizes over NPS 36

 spring hangers
 expansion joints
 safety showers
 eye washers
 special or motor-operated valves
 equipment, instruments, or components with item numbers.
1.2 Reference Documents
References to be used in conjunction with this specification are the latest edition of
the following.
1.2.1 Piping System (Codes)
ASME B31.1; 1993 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping
1.2.2 Valves
ASME B16.10; 1992 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves
ASME B16.34; 1988 Valves - Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End
API RP 591; 1990 User Acceptance of Refinery Valves
API Std 598; 1990 Valve Inspection and Testing
API Std 600; 1991 Steel Gate Valves - Flanged and Buttwelding Ends
API Std 602; 1993 Compact Steel Gate Valves
API Std 607; 1993 Fire Test for Soft Seated Quarter Turn Valves
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
API Std 608; 1989 Metal Ball Valves - Flanged and Buttwelding Ends
MSS SP-67; 1983 Butterfly Valves
MSS SP-84; 1985 Steel Valves - Socket Welding and Threaded Ends
MSS SP-86; 1981 Guidelines for Metric Data

in Standards for Valves, Flanges and Fittings
MSS SP-91; 1984 Guidelines for Manual Operation of Valves
MSS SP-92; 1987 MSS Valve User Guide
MSS SP-96; 1987 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings
MSS SP-99; 1987 Instrument Valves
BS 1868 Steel Check Valves

(Flanged and Buttwelding Ends) for the Petroleum,
Petrochemical and Allied Industries
BS 1873 Steel Globe and Globe

Stop and Check Valves (Flanged and Buttwelding
Ends) for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Allied
Industries
1.2.3 Flanges and Fittings, Gasketing
ASME B16.5; 1988 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME B16.9; 1993 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings
ASME B16.11; 1991 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and Threaded
ASME B16.20; 1993 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe

Flanges Ring Joint, Spiral Wound, and Jacketed
ASME B16.21; 1992 Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
ASME B16.36; 1988 Orifice Flanges
ASME B16.47; 1990 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 through NPS 60
API 590; 1990 Steel Line Blanks
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
API 614; 1992 Lubrication, Shaft-Sealing

and Control-Oil System for Special Purpose
Applications
MSS SP-79; 1980 Socket-Welding Reducer Inserts
MSS SP-83; 1987 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket Welding and Threaded
MSS SP-95; 1986 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
MSS SP-97; 1987 Forged Carbon Steel

Branch Outlet Fittings - Socket Welding, Threaded and
Buttwelding Ends
1.2.4 Material Specifications
ASTM A 53 Specification for Pipe,

Steel, Black and Hot Dripped, Zinc Coated Welded and
Seamless
ASTM A 105 Specification for

Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components

Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High Temperature
Service
ASTM A 182 Specification for Forged

or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and
Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Services
ASTM A 193 Specification for Alloy-

Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-
Temperature Service
ASTM A 194 Specification for Carbon

and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and
High-Temperature Service
ASTM A 216 Specification for Steel

Castings, Carbon Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-
Temperature Service
ASTM A 234 Specification for Piping

Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
Moderate and Elevated Temperatures
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96

Steel Externally Threaded Fasteners

Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low Temperature
Service

Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-
Temperature Service
Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-
Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service

Castings, Austenitic, for High-Temperature Service

Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-
Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A 420 Specification for Piping

Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
Low Temperature Service
ASTM A 516 Specification for Pressure

Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate and Lower-
Temperature Service
ASTM A 671 Specification for Electric-

Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower
Temperatures
ASTM A 672 Specification for Electric-

Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at
Moderate Temperatures

and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded and High-
Pressure Service at High Temperatures
NACE International Standard Material

Requirements Sulphide Stress
Standard MR0175 Cracking Metallic
Materials for Oilfield Equipment
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
1.2.5 SNC-LAVALIN International Inc. Documents
 45ES-5962 Hot Service Insulation

 45ES-5963 Cold Service Insulation
 46EC-XXXX General Above Ground Piping Design Criteria
 46EC-XXXX Piping Design Standards and Guidelines
 46ES-XXXX Pipe Steam Tracing
 46ES-XXXX Pipe Supports
 46ES-XXXX Specialty Items and Miscellaneous Materials
 46EP-XXXX Purchasing Requirements for Piping Components
1.3 Abbreviations
In this specification, the following abbreviations are used for component descriptions:
Flange/Fittings
FF Full Faced
flg'd flanged
FNTP Female National Pipe Thread
MNTP Male National Pipe Thread
RF Raised Face
RFSF Raised Face Smooth Surface
RTJ Ring Type Joint
scr'd screwed
SO Slip-on
S/T Socketweld/Threaded
THRD Threaded
WN Welding Neck
Valves
BB Bolted Bonnet
BC Bolted Cover
CWP Certified Working Pressure
FxF Female by Female
FP Full Port
HLC Horizontal Lift Check
IREB Integrally Reinforced External Body
MxF Male by Female
OS&Y Outside Stem and Yoke
RP Reduced or Regular Port
TRIM Stem, Seat(s), Disc, Gate, Back Seat Bushing, Hinge Pin as
applicable
UC Union Cover
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
VB Ball Valve
VBC Vertical Ball Check
VC Check Valve
VF Butterfly Valve
VG Gate Valve
VM Manifold Valve
VN Needle or Gauge Valve
VO Globe Valve
VP Plug Valve
WB Welded Bonnet
WOG Water, Oil, Gas Rating
Material Types
CS Carbon Steel
Cr-Mo Chromium - Molybdenum Steel
CS-LT Impact Tested Carbon Steel
ENC Electroless Nickel Coating (valve trim)
HFS Hard Faced Satellite No. 6
PH Precipitation Hardened
RTFE Fibreglass Reinforced Tetrafluorethylene
S.S. Austenitic Stainless Steel
TFE Tetrafluorethylene
13 CR 13% chromium (nominal) stainless steel (solid/overlay)
Pipe
BW Buttweld ends
EFW Electric Fusion Welded
PE Plain End
NPS Nominal Pipe Size
NPT Nominal Pipe Taper
Sch. Schedule (e.g., Sch. 80)
SMLS Seamless
Std. Standard Wall Thickness
TBE Threaded Both Ends
WT Wall Thickness
Wt. Weight
XS Extra Strong as per ASME B36.10
XXS Double Extra Strong as per ASME B36.10
1.4 Design Conditions
A. For project basis refer to General Above Ground Piping Design Criteria
46EC-0XXX.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
B. This specification is based on ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum

Refinery Piping. All pressure-temperature ratings for flanged components will
be in accordance with ASME/ANSI B16.5, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings,
unless stated otherwise. The ratings for other components shall be as
specified in the standards to which they are manufactured.
1.5 Piping Classes
A. Detailed piping classes sheets (see Specification 46ES-0017, Pipe Class

Index) are derived from Engineering Standard 8-1010-5, and they are
intended to serve in more expanded form, as a supplement to the Standard.
For any clarity/conflict please refer to the proper Engineering Standards
referenced in the piping classes.
B. Piping components are assembled into compatible groups called piping

classes (see Specification 46ES-0017, Pipe Class Index). The material class
for any line is determined by the temperature and pressure, nature of the fluid
contained, and the service.
C. The heading of each piping class shows typical fluids, maximum and/or
minimum temperature limit, and the nominal corrosion allowance.
D. The pipe wall thicknesses listed in a piping class are selected for the service
or group or services covered by the class. The wall thicknesses are not
intended to cover all combinations of maximum temperature and pressure
permitted by the piping Code for the primary flange rating listed in the class.
The heading for each piping class may indicate the conditions for which the
pipe walls were calculated. The assignment of a piping class to a particular
service must include a check that the wall thicknesses listed are adequate for
that service.
1.6 Identification System for Piping Classes
Note: The following identification system is derived from Engineering Standard

8-1010-5.
Identification of process fluid service classes follows a four character system. The
first character identifies the material, the second character identifies the rating, the
third character identifies the flange facing, and the fourth character identifies the
corrosion allowance.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
1st. Character 2nd. Character 3rd. Character 4th. Character

Material Class Rating Flange Facing Corrosion
Allowance
A- Killed 1 - 150 A - Raised Face (RF) 0 - None
Carbon Steel
B- Killed 2 - 300 C - Ring Type Joint 1 - 0.063"
Carbon Steel (H2) (RTJ) (1.6 mm)
D - Flat Face (FF)
C - Killed Carbon 4 - 600 2 - 0.125"
Steel (H2S - Sour (3.2 mm)
Service)
E- 1-1/4 % Cr 5 - 900 3 - 0.0188"
- 1/2% Mo (4.8 mm)
J- Jacketed 6 - 1500 4 - 0.250"
Carbon Steel (6.4 mm)
K- TP 304 7 - 2500
L- TP 304L
N- TP 316L
Q- TP
321/347
R- Monel
T- Impact
Tested Killed
Carbon Steel
Example: A1A1 is a general piping class constructed from carbon steel material,
having Class 150 raised face flanges and 0.063" corrosion allowance.
Identification of utility fluid services is in accordance with the following:
MS No. Fluid Service

MS-1 Refinery Air and Water
MS-2 Instrument Air and Potable Water
MS-3 Steel Tubing
MS-4 Copper and Steel Tubing for Steam
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
Service
MS-7 Stainless Steel Tubing
MS-13 Steam - Class 600
MS-14 Steam - Class 900
1.7 Certification
Material test reports are required for all pipe and piping components, including bolting
and gasketing. The test reports shall include all results of testing required by the
applicable ASTM standard. Certificates of compliance offered in lieu of Material Test
Reports, reports are not acceptable. Refer to purchasing specifications for further
details.
2.0 VALVES
2.1 Valve Design and Dimensional Standards
A. See the Valve Index for general information about valves. Valve Specification
Sheets are located in Specification 46ES-0018.
B. Piping Design must be informed of any valve dimensions which are not in
accordance with the applicable standards listed in Purchasing Requirements
for Valves Specification.
C. Steel buttwelding end valves that are in accordance with the Special Class in
ANSI/ASME B16.34 may be used, if a cost evaluation is made before using
valves rated to the Special Class tables.
2.2 Corrosion Resistant Valves
Corrosion resistant valves (normally austenitic stainless steel) in systems with a valve
corrosion allowance of 0.063 inches or less are in accordance with ANSI/ASME
B16.34. Valves with a valve corrosion allowance in excess of 0.063 inches or in
services with design temperature above 800F shall be manufactured to API 600.
2.3 Valve Packing and Trim
A brief description of each valve is included in each material class. A complete valve
description is provided by the Valve Specification Sheet. The valve description is
supplemented by Purchasing Requirements for Valves Specification, 46EP-XXXX.
2.4 Soft Seated Valves
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
Valves with soft seats such as ball and non-lubricated plug, butterfly valves, and
check valves are limited to service temperatures established by valve type, soft seat
material, and pressure-temperature relationship (data provided by manufacturer).
2.5 Gate and Globe Valves
A. Manual gear operators are provided for frequently operated gate and globe
valves as shown in Table 2.5-1.
TABLE 2.5-1
Manual Gear Operators
ANSI Pressure Rating Sizes (NPS)

Requiring Operators
Class 150 12 and larger
B. Globe valves are used for throttling service as shown on the flow diagrams.
Gate valves are normally used for block valves and, in most cases, it is also
used for a bypass at control valve manifolds in nominal piping sizes 6 and
larger.
2.6 Check Valves
A. In general, check valves in the socketweld or screwed size range are

horizontal or vertical lift type check valves in API Pressure Class 800.
B. Wafer-style swing check valves are used in ANSI pressure Classes 600 and
lower except for steam services where they are limited to Class 150. Usually
they are used for NPS 6 and larger lines in carbon steel and low alloy steel
classes and NPS 4 and larger lines in stainless steel classes. Tilting disk
checks are used in pressure Class 900 and higher. Swing checks are used
where wafer checks or tilting disk checks are not available.
2.7 Lubricated Plug Valves
A. In general, the maximum allowable operating temperature for lubricated plug

valves shall be 180C. If they are to be used above 180C, a high-
temperature lubricant shall be specified.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
B. Lubricated plug valves are to be supplied with manufacturers' standard gear

operators in accordance with Table 2.7-1.
TABLE 2.7-1
Manufacturers' Standard Gear Operators
Pressure Class Sizes (NPS)

Requiring Operator
Class 300 and 600 6 and larger
Class 900 and 1500 4 and larger
2.8 Ball Valves
A. Ball valves are used for tight shut-off in fuel gas and light hydrocarbon
services. In addition, they are also used in water and air services.
B. Valves with Teflon TFE or Reinforced Teflon RTFE seats and seals are limited
to a maximum temperature of 180C. Refer to manufacturer's data for valve
seat pressure rating at design temperature.
C. Ball valves used in hydrocarbon service are of a fire-tested design which shall
include a secondary metal seal as a back-up for the primary seat. They shall
be tested to the requirements of API Std. 607.
2.9 Butterfly Valves
A. In general, resilient seated butterfly valves are used in cooling water, utility
water, domestic water, and instrument air services in NPS 3 and larger.
B. High-performance butterfly valves are of fire-safe design which meets the fire-
safe test requirements of API 607.
C. Butterfly valves are of lug-type design and are drilled and tapped for machine
bolts, or cap screws.
D. All butterfly valves NPS 8 and larger are provided with gear operators.
E. The face-to-face dimensions of butterfly valves shall be in accordance with

API 609, Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 applies to resilient seated valves and
Table 2 applies to high-performance valves.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
F. Metal-to-metal seated high-performance butterfly valves may be considered

when the leakage rate is within the limits of API 598.
2.10 Substitutions
The following valve body/bonnet material substitutions are permitted provided

applicable derating factors have been accounted for in the service:
 ASTM A 105 or A105N for ASTM A 216 Gr. WCB

 ASTM A 350 Gr. LF2 for ASTM A 352 Gr. LCB
 ASTM A 350 Gr. LF2 for ASTM A 105/A105 N
 ASTM A 352 Gr. LCB for ASTM A 216 Gr. WCB
 AISI 316 or 316L for AISI 304
 AISI 316L for AISI 304L.
2.11 Bypasses
Bypasses are located on certain valves to facilitate the opening and closing or for
warm up. Bypasses in steam services are normally 3/4" for NPS 6 and smaller
valves, and 1" for NPS 8 and larger valves. Bypass valves are normally globe valves
for steam, process and high pressure service, and ball valves for water service.
3.0 FLANGES
3.1 Flange Standards
A. Pressure rating, bolting and facing of all flanges 24-inch and smaller are in
accordance with ANSI/ASME B16.5.
B. For piping above NPS 24, ASME B16.47 is used.
C. Orifice flanges shall be purchased in accordance with ASME B16.36 and the
requirements detailed in the Piping Material Specifications.
3.2 Flange Requirements
A. Welding neck and socketweld flange bores shall match the inside diameter of
the attached pipe.
B. Class 1500 and lower flanges are to be raised-face. Flanges for pressure
Class 2500 shall be ring-type joint.
C. Flat-face flanges with full-face gaskets are used against flat-face cast iron
equipment and valves with flat face flanges.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
3.3 Contact Surface Finish
A. Table 3.3-1 defines the acceptable ranges of contact surface finishes for each
type of gasket and service. The surface finishes are specified AARH
(Arithmetical Average Roughness Height).
Gasket contact face finishes for raised face smooth finish (RFSF) flanges shall be
125-250 range AARH in accordance with MSS SP-6. The Piping Material
Specifications Index and the Piping Material Specifications indicate when
flanges are to be RFSF.
B. Flange bore shall be specified to match mating pipe bore for buttweld joints.
TABLE 3.3-1
Contact Surface Finish
Gasket Type and Service Specified Allowable Allowable

Finish Minimum Maximum
Sheet gasket (where allowed) none 125 500
Spiral wound (vacuum service) 63 63 125
Spiral wound (all ANSI classes) 125 125 250
Ring type (all services) none smooth 63
3.4 Orifice Flanges
Orifice flange shall be weldneck type, with a minimum rating of Class 300 and a
minimum NPS of 2. Orifice flanges are in accordance with ASME B16.36.
4.0 PIPE
4.1 Pipe Materials
A. Pipe materials are generally specified as follows, when temperature is the

governing factor:
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
TABLE 4.1-1
Pipe Materials
Material Temperature Range

Carbon Steel -29 C to 400 C
Carbon Steel for Low Temperature Service -29 C to -45 C
Aluminum or Stainless Steel -46 C to -200 C
Chrome Alloys or Stainless Steels Over 425 C
B. Other types of materials may be used where corrosive conditions are the
governing factor. API 941 (The Nelson curves) is used for selecting materials
for piping in hydrogen service.
4.2 Corrosion Allowance
The minimum corrosion allowance for pipe in carbon steel or low alloy steel services
is 0.063-inches. The minimum corrosion allowance for austenitic stainless steel
classes is 0.030-inches.
4.3 Pipe Nipples
A. Nipples are only used for short term terminal connections such as vents,
drains, and pressure connections. Nipples require heavier wall thicknesses
than pipe of the same size to allow for increased mechanical strength. The
minimum walls thicknesses for nipples are as follows:
Carbon and low alloy steels Schedule 160

Stainless steels Schedule 80S
Galvanized steel (threaded) Same as pipe schedule
B. A short piece of pipe shall not be referred to as a nipple. It shall be cut from
pipe that has the same wall thickness as the pipe in that material class.
C. All thread or close nipples are not allowed.
4.4 Process Instrument Lines
Process instrument lines from the process line to the first block valve in the instrument
line are of the same material class as that specified for the piping or vessel to which
they connect.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
4.5 Lube and Seal Oil Piping
A. Lube and seal oil piping is designed in accordance with API Std. 614. All
supply piping downstream of the filters is austenitic stainless steel, but the
return and supply piping upstream of filters may be carbon steel. The
stainless steel piping is all buttweld construction.
B. Valves are flanged carbon steel with API trim 8.
C. Instrument piping is stainless steel pipe or tubing.
5.0 FITTINGS
5.1 Fitting Types
A. Fittings include all components manufactured to ASME/ANSI B16.5 (other

than flanges) ASME B16.9, ASME B16.11 to MSS SP-95 and MSS SP-97
and other components manufactured from pipe or bar stock such as pipe,
nipples, swages and plug. Integrally reinforced branch connection fittings
shall meet the requirements of ASME B31.3, Para 304.3.2(c) and MS SP-05.
B. All fittings shall be of seamless construction, unless welded fittings are

permitted by the Piping Material Specifications or authorized by SNC-
LAVALIN.
C. Fitting bores shall be specified to match mating pipe or flange bore for
buttweld joints.
D. Buttweld fittings are used for line NPS 2 and larger. Generally socketwelded
fittings are used for lines sizes smaller than those listed for buttweld fittings.
For services such as cooling water, domestic water, and instrument air,
threaded forged fittings are used instead of socketweld. Special services and
lube oil piping require buttweld fittings in all sizes.
5.2 Tolerances
Fittings are generally manufactured with the tolerance shown in the appropriate
manufacturing standard. Fittings with other tolerance requirements are indicated as
such in the purchase description.
5.3 Bends
Narrow band induction bends may be an economical alternative to elbows under

certain conditions. Bends have a minimum centerline radius equal to three times the
nominal diameter. Bends are made from pipe, thus no material code is listed for
bends.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
5.4 Reducing Fittings
A. Reducing fittings include reducing flanges, reducing tees, reducers and

swages. Reducing elbows are not allowed. Reducers and reducing tees are
limited to those size reduction listed in ASME B16.9.
B. Reducing fittings are listed in the material classes by the larger size. On
reducing fittings where different combinations of large and small end sizes are
shown, a note will indicate which component to use for which small end size.
Reducing flanges are listed by the flange size and the specified schedule is
that of the reduced end. Reducing tees are listed by the run size. The
reduction at a reducing tee is allowed only on the branch.
C. Reducing fittings are specified where possible as Standard, XS, Schedule

160, or XXS.
D. Swages for ANSI Class 300 and higher Piping Classes are not to be
machined from bar stock. Swages for ANSI Class 300 and higher shall be
formed/forged from pipe or forging stock.
E. All welding tees to ASME B16.9 are to conform to the following additional
requirements as defined in ASME B31.3
_
rx  1/8Db and Tc  1.5T
_
where: T = nominal wall thickness
rx = radius of curvature of
external contoured portion of outlet, measured in the
plane containing the axes of the header and branch
Db = outside diameter of branch
Tc = crotch thickness of tees
F. Reducing bushings shall not be used. Where piping reductions are required,
swaged nipples of reducers shall be used.
G. Threaded plugs shall be steel long hex-head type and solid. Hollow plugs
shall not be permitted.
6.0 BRANCH CONNECTIONS
6.1 Definition
All lines that connect to another line or header, including vents, drains, and
instrument connections, are considered to be branch connections.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
6.2 Basis
The basis for the design of branch connections is the ASME Piping Code B31.3.
Reinforcement requirements are also determined in accordance with ASME B31.3.
6.3 Tables
Specification 46ES-0017, Pipe Class Index, contains the branch connection tables for
the material classes. These tables identify the type of branch connection that is
required for each branch and associated header.
6.4 Pad Reinforced Stub-ins
When pad reinforcement is required the minimum pad widths are shown in
Table 6.4-1. The actual pad width required shall be calculated in accordance with
Subsection 6.2. The pad thickness shall be no less that the header wall thickness.
TABLE 6.4-1
Minimum Pad Widths
Branch Size NPS Pad Width Branch Size NPS Pad Width
Inches Inches
2 1 14 3
3 1 16 4
4 1 18 4
6 2 20 5
8 2 24 6
10 3 30 7
12 3
6.5 Branches in Severe Cyclic Service
Welded branches in severe cyclic service, as defined in ASME B31.3, require an

integrally reinforced connection and additional weld quality assurance.
7.0 GASKETS
7.1 Standards
All types of gaskets are in accordance with ANSI/ASME B16.5. Non-metallic gaskets
are in accordance with ASME B16.21. Spiral wound and ring joint gaskets are in
accordance with ASME B16.20.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
7.2 Gasket Types
A. Compressed, asbestos-free sheet gaskets such as Garlock 3000 are to be

specified only for Category D services. All other gaskets in pressure classes
150 through 600 shall be spiral-wound in accordance with Table 7.2-1. For
Classes 900 and 1500, spiral wound or oval ring joint gaskets may be
selected. For pressure Class 2500, oval ring joint gaskets are used.
TABLE 7.2-1
Gasket Types
Gasket Temperature Range

Grafoil Filler with CS gauge ring -200C to -30C
Mica Graphite (Flexite) filler with CS -29C to 425C
gauge ring
Mica Graphite (Flexite) filler with SS 425C to 650C
gauge ring
Grafoil filler with SS gauge ring 650C to 815C
B. Flexible graphite to have the following properties:
Density 70 lb/ft3  10 lb/ft3

Carbon Content 95 wt% minimum
Leachable Chlorides 100 ppm maximum
Total Sulphur 1000 ppm maximum
Filler or Binders none
7.3 Centering Ring
Gasket centering rings must be suitable for metric flange bolting. See Table 8.4-1
presented in section 8 for metric bolt sizes used to replace imperial diameters.
7.4 Inner Confining Rings
Stainless steel inner confining rings are used on spiral-wound gaskets as follows:
 26-inch and larger sizes for ANSI pressure Classes 150 and 300
 14-inch and larger sizes for ANSI pressure Class 600
 all sizes for ANSI pressure Class 900 and above.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
7.5 Gasket Thickness
Compressed sheet gaskets are 1/16-inch thick ring type. Spiral wound gaskets have
a 1/8-inch thick gauge ring.
8.0 BOLTING
8.1 Material Selection
Bolting materials are as listed in Table 8.1-1. The listed temperatures are fluid
operating temperatures.
TABLE 8.1-1
Bolting Materials
Bolting Nuts Temperature Range

ASTM A193 ASTM A194 -45 C to 425 C
Grade B7 Grade 2H
ASTM A193 ASTM A194 425 C to 540 C
Grade B16 Grade 3
ASTM A453 ASTM A453 540 C to 815 C
Grade 660B Grade 660B
ASTM A307 ASTM A563 -7 C to 90 C
Grade B Grade A (Category D Services)
8.2 Lubricant
Bolts 1-inch diameter and larger, and all bolts in service above 425C fluid
temperature are to be coated with a solid dry film lubricant such as Electrofilm
Number 2006 coating or equivalent.
8.3 Metric Bolting
Bolting material is to be supplied in accordance with the stated ASTM designation.

Both metric and imperial heavy hex head bolting may be used within the following
criteria:
 Imperial bolting (in accordance with ASME B1.1, B18.2.1 & B18.2.2) may
only be used for pre-assembled components (i.e., valves, strainers, steam
traps, etc.).
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
 Metric bolting must be used for all flange bolting and jackscrews. All metric
machine bolts, stud bolts and nuts are to be accordance with the following
points:
 Table 8.3-1 below indicates the metric bolt sizes used to replace
imperial sizes for flanged connections.
TABLE 8.3-1
Metric Conversion for Flange Bolting
Imperial Bolt Size Metric Bolt Size

(Nominal Diameter) (Nominal Dia. x Thread Pitch)
1/2" M14 x 2
5/8" M16 x 2
3/4" M20 x 2.5
7/8" M24 x 3
1" M27 x 3
1 1/8" M30 x 3.5
1 1/4" M33 x 3.5
1 3/8" M36 x 3
1 1/2" M39 x 3
1 5/8" M42 x 3
1 3/4" M45 x 3
1 7/8" M48 x 3
2" M52 x 3
 All threading is to be done in accordance with ASME/B1.13M or DIN

13, Parts 12 and 15. The threading tolerance class for the bolting is
to be 6H/6g.
 All machine bolts are to be heavy hex head type in accordance with
DIN 933.
 All nuts shall be heavy hex head type in accordance with DIN 934 with
an increased height (m=d, see Table 5.3-2) and are to be proof load
tested as per ASTM 194 with proportional loads. Proof loads shall not
be less than those listed in ASTM A 194 for a heavy hex nut of the
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
same grade and size of nut which it is replacing (i.e., an M16 Gr 2H

nut must have a proof load at least equal to that of a 5/8" Gr. 2H
heavy hex nut which is 39 550 lbf).
TABLE 8.3-2
Nut Heights
NOMINAL MINIMUM NUT

DIAMETER HEIGHT
(dimension "d") (dimension "m")
M14 13.30 mm
M16 15.30 mm
M20 18.70 mm
M24 22.70 mm
M27 25.70 mm
M30 28.70 mm
M33 31.40 mm
M36 34.40 mm
M39 37.40 mm
M42 40.40 mm
M45 43.40 mm
M48 46.40 mm
M52 50.10 mm
9.0 MISCELLANEOUS
9.1 Steam Traps
Traps for lines in saturated steam service are thermostatic type for ANSI pressure
Classes 150 through 600. Traps in air services are ball-float type. Process traps
such as those at exchangers are given tag-item numbers, are selected on an
individual basis and are purchased under a separate specification.
9.2 Blanks, Bleed Rings and Spacer Rings
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
A. The dimensions of all blanks (blinds) and spacer rings for sizes through
NPS 24 are as specified in API 590, Steel Line Blanks.
B. The contact surface finish for blanks shall be in accordance with Subsection
3.3 of this specification.
C. Spectacle blanks are specified in sizes through NPS 12 for ANSI pressure
Class 600 and less and through NPS 6 for ANSI pressure Class 900 and
higher. In larger sizes, a two-piece system consisting of a plain blank and
spacer ring is used. Where blanks are used with ring joint flanges and blanks
shall be female type. That is, the grooves for the gasket shall be cut into both
sides of the blank.
D. Bleed rings are specified as Mack Iron Works with a thickness of 1-inches.
All other dimensions shall be the same as spacer rings.
9.3 Cone and Basket Strainers
A. Cone strainers are provided in all material classes which are anticipated to
handle vapour services. The cone strainers are for use upstream of
compressors. Basket strainers are provided for liquid services and are for use
upstream of pumps.
B. See the Strainer Index for general information about strainers. Strainer Data
Sheets are located in ________________.
C. All Strainer Bodies are required to be in accordance with the applicable

sections of ASME/ANSI B16.34.
9.4 Vents, Drains and Instrument Connections
All types of vents, drains and instrument connections shall be in accordance with the
diagrams presented in the Piping Material Specifications. Also see the Instrument
Connections Index for information not presented in the Piping Material Specifications.
9.5 Specialty Items (SPs) and Miscellaneous Materials (MMs)
Data sheets and indexes of SPs and MMs are located in Specialty Items and
Miscellaneous Materials Specification 46ES-XXXX.
9.6 Pipe Supports
Pipe supports shall be in accordance with Pipe Supports Specification 46ES-XXXX.

9.7 Insulation
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
Insulation shall be in accordance with Hot Service Insulation Specification 45ES-5962

or Cold Service Insulation Specification 45ES-5963.
10.0 POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT)
PWHT is required where specified by the Piping Code, the Line List and the Piping
Fabrication Specifications.
11.0 GALVANIZING
All galvanizing of piping components to be done in accordance with ASTM A 123

Grade 85 unless indicated otherwise.
12.0 VACUUM SERVICE PIPING
All lines which are subject to below atmospheric pressure must be designed for
external pressure.
13.0 COLOUR CODING SYSTEM
A. Colour coding shall be required for material identification of pipe and piping
components. Galvanized piping, tubing, gaskets, bolts, nuts, pipe supports
and "tagged" items which are uniquely identified (i.e., valves, specialty items,
etc.) are not included and shall not be colour coded).
B. Colour coding is intended to supplement, not replace, other material

identifications and markings required by the Piping Material Specifications.
C. Pipe and piping components shall be colour coded according to Table 13-1.
The marking requirements are as follows:
 Pipe
A continuous longitudinal stripe, approximately 25 mm wide, shall be

applied along the full length of pipe. Where it is impractical to apply
the full width of stripe for space considerations, the width may be
reduced as necessary. Minimum width under these circumstances
shall be
6 mm.
 Fittings
A continuous longitudinal stripe shall be applied as per pipe along the

full length of the fitting. For tee fittings, the stripe need not be applied
to the branch connection.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
 Flanges
A spot or dab of colour covering an area of at least 650 mm2 shall be

applied to the back of the flange and a 25 mm wide stripe on the edge
of the flange. The flange joint face shall not be marked. Metal
stamped information on the edge of the flange shall not be covered.
 Multiple Colours
For material coded using multiple colours, stripes shall run parallel to
each other, separated by a full stripe width. Spots shall be placed
adjacent to each other on flanges.
D. Where fabricated pipe spools are cleaned and primed prior to spool
installation, the pipe spool shall be repainted with the colour code immediately
following priming. At this stage, each spool shall be marked only with a
longitudinal stripe approximately 150 mm long at each end of the spool.
E. Material for marking may be paint or ink. Colours shall be indelible and
permanent and shall be resistant to fading or deterioration through exposure
to sunlight or other normal environmental conditions.
F. Marking paints or inks shall not contain substances that will adversely affect
the material of the pipe or piping components, either in storage or in future
service (i.e., chlorides, sulphide, zinc, lead, copper, etc.).
G. Colour marking may be applied by roller, brush, spray or other suitable

methods. Application of colour marking shall not obscure other identifying
marks required be the design specifications for pipe and piping components.
H. Colours shall conform to Canadian Government Specification Board Standard

1-GP-12C "Colour Identification and Selection." Flat, semi-gloss or gloss
finishes are equally acceptable.
PIPING MATERIALS
Revision No.: 0

000000-0000-46ES-0001 Date: 3/20/96
TABLE 13-0-1
Piping Material - Colour Code
STANDARD COLOUR
PRIMARY MATERIAL GROUP (C.G.S.B. 1-GP-12C)
CARBON STEELS:
 ASTM A 106 Gr B and all C.S.  White (513-301)
fittings and flanges
 API 5L Gr. B  White (513-301) & Dark Yellow (505-301)
LOW/INTERMEDIATE ALLOY STEELS:

 1 1/4 Cr - 1/2 Mo (Gr. P11)  Light Red (509-308)
 2 1/4 Cr - 1 Mo (Gr. P22)  Light Yellow (505-303)
 5 Cr - 1/2 Mo (Gr. P5)  Light Green (503-311)
 9 Cr - 1 Mo (Gr. P9)  Light Blue (502-306)
STAINLESS STEELS
 AISI 304  Dark Red (509-303)
 AISI 304 w/ 0.04% Carbon  Purple (511-304)
 AISI 304L  Dark Yellow (505-301)
 AISI 316  Dark Green (503-327)
 AISI 316L  Dark Blue (502-304)
INCOLOY
 800 H (Mod.)  Orange (508-303)
 800 HT  Brown (504-304)

Pipe Material

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Pipe Material

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Specification for Page 1

CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

CLIENT: PROJECT NAME:

INSTRUCTION TO DOCUMENT CONTROL

Entire specification revised. Reissue all pages.

Reissue revised pages only.

STAMP THE SPECIFICATION AS FOLLOWS:

Printed: August 17, 2000

Issued for fabrication (equipment specs. only)

Issued for construction (installation specs. only)

Issued for design

SPECIFICATION REVISION INDEX

CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

2.1 VALVE DESIGN AND DIMENSIONAL STANDARDS

3.1 FLANGE STANDARDS

4.1 PIPE MATERIALS

CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)

5.1 FITTING TYPES

6.0 BRANCH CONNECTIONS

8.1 MATERIAL SELECTION

10.0 POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)

CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

12.0 VACUUM SERVICE PIPING

13.0 COLOUR CODING SYSTEM

TABLE 2.5-1 MANUAL GEAR OPERATORS

CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

B. Materials covered by this specification include pipe, valves, fittings, flanges,

 materials for line sizes over NPS 36

1.2 Reference Documents

1.2.1 Piping System (Codes)

ASME B31.1; 1993 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping

ASME B16.10; 1992 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves

ASME B16.34; 1988 Valves - Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End

API RP 591; 1990 User Acceptance of Refinery Valves

API Std 598; 1990 Valve Inspection and Testing

API Std 602; 1993 Compact Steel Gate Valves

CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

MSS SP-67; 1983 Butterfly Valves

MSS SP-86; 1981 Guidelines for Metric Data

MSS SP-91; 1984 Guidelines for Manual Operation of Valves

MSS SP-92; 1987 MSS Valve User Guide

MSS SP-96; 1987 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings

MSS SP-99; 1987 Instrument Valves

BS 1868 Steel Check Valves

BS 1873 Steel Globe and Globe

1.2.3 Flanges and Fittings, Gasketing

ASME B16.5; 1988 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

ASME B16.9; 1993 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings

ASME B16.20; 1993 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe

ASME B16.21; 1992 Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges

ASME B16.36; 1988 Orifice Flanges

API 590; 1990 Steel Line Blanks

CHEMICALS AND PETROLEUM BUSINESS UNIT

API 614; 1992 Lubrication, Shaft-Sealing

MSS SP-95; 1986 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs

MSS SP-97; 1987 Forged Carbon Steel

1.2.4 Material Specifications

ASTM A 53 Specification for Pipe,

ASTM A 105 Specification for

ASTM A 106 Specification for

ASTM A 182 Specification for Forged