CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Education reform should include teaching students to understand

connections between local and global affairs, offer the ability to work and think in

at least one other language than one’s own, teach our students to understand

and respect the cultures of other peoples, and educate our students to participate

in an interconnected world starting in the earlier years of K-12 education

(Driscoll, 2006).

In most countries, education is usually part of the top priorities, which

includes implementing better systems for the children’s future, advanced learning

systems and improving the country’s academic curriculum. The K to 12

implementations is starting to become widespread, not only because of the

numerous advantages that it has towards the overall education system, but it has

also been proven to be useful in preparing the children prior to college, if not, fit

to work.

Statistics have shown that students who went through the K-12 learning

system land more jobs as compared to those countries who were using a

different education system. Some of the countries who are under this system are

the USA, Australia, Singapore, Canada, India, Japan, China, Germany and the

Philippines. This system has its positive and negative sides. Knowing all of these

will help the parents and their child become prepared. As mentioned above, the

quality of education is enhanced with this system. Considering that students will
 2

spend longer in their primary and secondary education, a wider range of subjects

can be covered. Shorter school systems try to fit all these topics in a shorter span

of time. As a result, quality isn’t practiced and students struggle coping up with

their studies. (Fioriello, 2014)

The Philippines was the last country in Asia having a 10-year basic

education and pre-university program. (Seameo & Innotech, 2012) Thus, the

Department of Education implemented the new K to 12 Curriculum or the

Enhanced Basic Education 2013 also known as the Republic Act 1033. It was

started last school year 2012-2013 up to the present. At the launch of the K to 12

Basic Education Program, President Aquino stated, the purpose of the K12

curriculum program is to enhance the competitiveness of the younger generation

to cope with the demand of industry and internationalization that the world is

facing right now. The curriculum made clear that the pupils need to have a year

for kindergarten year; six years former-elementary and elementary education;

four years for junior high school; and another two years for their senior level

education. Prior to this, the Philippines was considered as one of the countries

that implemented a 10- year basic education system that put them at a

disadvantage because of the higher competitiveness in the job market.

The primary goal of the Philippines' educational system is to establish a

system of education that truly imbues youth with the skills they need to pursue

their dreams and to prepare them for employment in the globalized world. They

will become competitive in their fields and productive youth that can help the

society and especially their families.

 3

There is no doubt that the K to 12 Act (see Appendix C) is the fruit of

efforts to achieve meaningful and positive reform not only in the country’s

educational system, but also in all other sectors. This is a victory that mirrors the

collective aim to invest in the most important resource the Filipino citizen. This is

a victory that fulfills the promise: no one will be left behind on the straight path to

equitable progress (Valente & Alcober, 2013).

This is the way that the government seeks to help the students in

preparing their lives for college. To be fully equipped with the knowledge and

skills for 13 years in schooling in primary and secondary before going to college

life. The Enhanced Basic Education Program encompasses at least one (1) year

of kindergarten education and six (6) years of elementary education. And six (6)

years of secondary education, four (4) years of junior high school and two (2)

years of senior high school education.

The career pathway specialization started in JHS continues in the SHS. It

is the deciding stage for one student who wishes to take out for college. In this,

the students take electives under three groups, academic, tech-voc and

entrepreneurship. After completing the SHS the students are envisioned that the

end-of-Grade 12 examination is the exit examination for the secondary level and

at the same time an entrance examination for college.

Maritime Curriculum is being offered in SHS or the Grade 11 and 12 to

improve their learnings about maritime programs and help them in working after

the completion or pursue their maritime education further in college. In the

interview of The Manila Times to Education Secretary Armin Luistro he said that
 4

in the senior high school, we actually have two specializations in order to

respond to two things: one is what we are known for pre-baccalaureate maritime

specialization and the technical-vocational-livelihood (TVL) maritime

specialization to bring maritime industry to the next level. (Alcober, 2016)

The maritime curriculum, which was divided into two specializations, will

be taught to incoming senior high school (Grades 11 and 12) students where

they will have the options to work after graduation or to pursue further maritime

education in college. Under the TVL maritime specialization, senior high school

students who graduate from the said track will secure certifications allowing them

to work as members of a ship’s crew. Under the TVL maritime specialization,

senior high school students who graduate from the said track will secure

certifications allowing them to work as members of a ship’s crew. “Part of their

training is to allow them to go on board after graduating from senior high school.

(Alcober, 2016)

Mariners' Polytechnic Colleges Foundation of Legazpi City in Albay is one

of the 54 private schools together with the 6 public schools applied for

certifications to teach the maritime program. The Pre-baccalaureate Maritime

Specialization is one of the programs offered in this school that everyone can

enroll in Senior High School. It is a modified program of the Science, Technology,

Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strand under the Academic Track. This is

to encourage SHS graduates to pursue maritime higher education and so that

the country will be able to produce more seafarers at the officer level.
 5

Career perceptions are the goals which an individual set out to achieve

either in his current profession or his desired profession. It clearly defines what

an individual needs from his work. It is the path that an individual wants his

career to follow. (Saraswathy, 2017) This study wants to deal with the perception

of Grade 10 students towards maritime programs. Montebon (2014) defined the

perception as a way of translating information gathered by the senses to

generalize and make coherent meaning about the world.

Thus, the researchers want to know further what are the factors affecting

the choice of their preferred program in SHS. So that it can help the school by

providing information and recommendations that can be able to improve the

maritime program.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to assess the career perceptions of Grade 10 students in

Selected Senior High Schools in Legazpi City, Albay towards the maritime

program. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students towards

Maritime program in selected High Schools in Legazpi City in terms of:

a. Quality of Education,

b. Influence of People,

c. Personal Preferences, and

d. Proximity and accessibility?

 6

2. What are the career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the

Maritime Program on selected High School in Legazpi City?

3. What are the possible recommendations to assess the career perceptions of

the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime program?

Assumptions of the Study

1. The factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime

program in selected High Schools in Legazpi City in terms of Quality of

Education, Influence of People, Personal Preferences, and Proximity and

accessibility.

2. The career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime

Program on selected High Schools in Legazpi City.

3. There are various recommendations to assess the career perceptions of the

Grade 10 students towards the Maritime program.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study aims to assess the career perceptions of Grade 10 students

towards maritime programs. It consists of selected high schools in Legazpi City,

Albay namely: Legazpi City National High School, Legazpi City Science High

School and Oro Site High School. The respondents in this study were all Grade

10 students that are enrolled this School Year 2020-2021. Data gathering covers

the months of May 2021.

 7

The study is delimited to other high schools not included in the above-

mentioned high schools. It also excluded the Grade 7, 8, 9, 11 and 12 students of

the 3 chosen high schools in Legazpi City, Albay.

Significance of the Study

The purpose of this study on Career Perception of Grade 10 Students

towards Maritime Program on Selected Senior High Schools in Legazpi City,

Albay is to give profitable information that can help them expand their knowledge

and understanding about the study.

Department of Education (DepEd). The result of this study served as

a reference to use as an academic tool in facilitating learning and educational

innovation for maritime programs.

Grade 10 Students. This will provide them better understanding and

information about maritime programs. It will help to change their adverse

thoughts in the program and clarify if the maritime program is fit for them.

Maritime Schools. The result of this study served as reference by the

maritime school to better understand the factors influencing career perception of

the students that can be used as a tool effectively in guidance the students in

decision making towards maritime programs.

School Administration. The result of this study helped the school

administrator to know the factors influencing career perception of junior high

school students and at the same time to put up an effective, integrated senior
 8

high information and guidance system that plays a very helpful role in guiding

students towards senior high school track.

Teachers. The result of this study served as a significant data in which

teachers could identify the factors influencing senior high school track especially

maritime program career perception particularly by junior high school students

and they can have used this for academic purposes.

Filipino Cadets/Cadets. The result of this study will provide them

information and knowledge dealing with the factors affecting their choice. And to

educate them to develop their confidence to cope up difficulties that may arise to

make them ready to live their lives at sea.

Present Researcher. This study will provide them information about the

perception of Grade 10 students towards maritime programs. It will help them

gather some information and data regarding the possible recommendations to

assess the career perceptions of Grade 10 students.

Future Researcher. The implementation of this study will render data,

reference and basis in enhancing the study about perceptions of Grade 10

students towards maritime programs.

 9

CHAPTER II

RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

This chapter presents the literature and studies, which are related to the

present study. The local and foreign studies are taken from magazines, books,

web sources and thesis with relation to this research. This chapter will also

include the synthesis of the art, and the discussion of historical and conceptual

framework.

Foreign Literature

Walls (2009) emphasized some factors influencing postsecondary

students' career choice and how those factors impact college outcomes,

including motivation towards, satisfaction with, and achievement in their chosen

major field, appear to be more obscure and uneven.

The statement of Wall has a relevance to the present study because

according to him behavioral factors of the students might also influence the

decision of students in making choices of their future career through taking the

right degree program in college.

 10

According to Gean (2010) the perceptions related to student, the people

and other factors that influence them to enroll in college courses, and students

‘opinions on which communication strategies present the advantages of enrolling

in a certain course. School. The influence friends, mothers, and female

guardians. An additional factor that influenced students to enroll in certain

courses is having a career plan.

This study is related to the present study because the result indicated that

high school students enrolled in CTE courses outside of the school day have a

career plan and understand the benefits of completing high school and pursuing

additional education to achieve their career goals and they revealed that the

factors influenced to enroll in CTE by friends, mothers, and female guardians.

Motives of choosing maritime profession and approaches to learning are

characteristics of an individual person. Quality of studies is influenced by

students’ approaches to learning, deep approach to learning is related within

higher quality of studies, surface approach to lower quality. On the other hand,

approaches to learning could be influenced by motives of choosing a profession,

which affect entire professional career planning (Kalvaitiene, 2011).

The article is related to the present study because it discusses motives for

choosing the maritime profession and approaches to learning are characteristics

of an individual person and also the relationship between motives for choosing

the maritime profession and a student's approach to learning, in the context of

quality of studies, is under investigation in this paper.

 11

Maritime Education and Training increase awareness as well as to

mitigate the trends and challenges influenced by the philosophical and

sociological changes experienced in society and the Maritime Industry. The

literature has noted the lack of concentrated effort in promoting the industry to

the youth. As such, there is a need for a paradigm shift in the education system

to reform the secondary curriculum to make it relevant to society in terms of

exposure to the maritime industry (Cunningham,2015).

This study has a relation to the present study because of the Maritime

Education and Training (MET) in which it can help to increase awareness as well

as to mitigate the trends and challenges influenced by the philosophical and

sociological changes experienced in society and the Maritime Industry.

There was evidence of parent’s influences on children’s career choice.

Most students considered their academic performance and spent 1 to 3 months

deciding what to study. Each student is happy with their present subject

combination which is providing them with the necessary skills and training that

they will need in the future to achieve their career goals. (Kaneez & Medha,

2018).

This article is related to the present study because the key findings of the

factor analysis showed that factors affecting a student's career choice can be

grouped under three categories. The first group encompasses environmental

factors, followed by personality factors and lastly opportunity factors.

 12

Local Literature

Parents serve as a major influence in their children’s career development

and career decision- making. Parents want their children to find happiness and

success in life and one factor which influences happiness and success is career

choice. Research also indicates that when students feel supported and loved by

their parents, they have more confidence in their own ability to research careers

and to choose a career that would be interesting and exciting. This is important

because studies show that adolescents who feel competent regarding career

decision-making, tend to make more satisfying career choices later in life. (Keller

2004).

The statement of Keller has a relevance to the present study because it

emphasizes that the parents serve as a major influence in their children’s career

development and career decision- making. Parents want their children to find

happiness and success in life and one factor which influences happiness and

success is career choice.

The choice of career of the students is being influenced by some factors

from the social environment, mainly the parents as immediate family who plays

an active role in choosing the right education for their children (Pafili & Mylonakis,

2011).

This article is related to the present study because it’s emphasized that in

coming up with the right decision of what profession to take, students can
 13

properly utilize their skills and knowledge to gain proper experience who could

contribute to the development and welfare of the society.

As a sign of respect for the parents and culture of the Filipinos, parents or

the elderly are being consulted first by their children because primarily they will

be the one to provide the financial support to enter college (Laguador, 2014).

This is relevant to the present study because it revealed that it is the

personal choice of the students to enroll in a maritime program with the support

primarily from their parents wherein quality education through being known as

home of board topnotchers and its standards are considered a big factor for their

decision. They also believed that finishing maritime education would bring them

employment abroad which is basically the nature of duties and responsibilities of

seafarers.

Levels of students’ interest towards their degree program may vary from

time to time due to different degrees of experiences encountered by the students

themselves. An alarming observation of Filipino students reveals that they excel

in knowledge acquisition but fare considerably low in lessons requiring higher

order thinking skills (Patena & Dinglasan, 2013).

This is related to present study because it defines that the decision on

choosing a program is depending on the students’ interest towards their degree

program may vary from time to time due to different degrees of experiences

encountered by the students themselves.

 14

Several Factors that may affect the decision of students and parents,

where it can be a good source of insight for private higher education institutions

to offer quality services that will suit the needs, expectations and demands of the

community. Academic institutions sought to observe the requirements of the

customers, prospective students and other clients like industry partners when

preparing an educational program (Hrnciar & Madzík, 2013).

This has a relation to the present study because it states that it has

several factors that may affect the decision of students and parents, where it can

be a good source of insight for private higher education institutions to offer quality

services that will suit the needs, expectations and demands of the community.

Foreign Studies

The study of Fizer (2013) examines areas of interest and attributes that

may have influenced students when choosing a career path. Many factors can

influence a student’s decision, including parents, coaches, religious figures, or

any role models in a student’s life. As a result, the most influenced factor is by

the Family and also a career that is personally rewarding. Moreover, the students

chose a career that is personally rewarding and organization experience as the

most important factors affecting their career choice.

This is related to the present study because it has the same goal to find

out the factors and influences to the career of the students. Furthermore, this
 15

study seeks the cause of low preferred programs to maritime to other programs.

However, it differs in the way that the present study focuses on career

perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime Program on selected

High Schools in Legazpi City.

Papadimitriou M. (2014) identifies and describes a student's perception of

the internship requirements components of the education experiences at a

specialized science and mathematics magnet high school. The internship

process is impacting high school students. The nature of this impact is

dependent upon the career orientations of individuals. In the present study,

dynamic science students showed the strongest response in relation to the ability

of internships to produce retention in the science pipeline. The non-science-to-

science career changers showed the strongest responses with respect to

internship impact on college major and career choice.

This study had a relevance to the present study because it identifies the

major influences that affect each of students in decision making in terms of

career choice. Furthermore, the present study is similar to the reviewed study

since it investigates factors impacting the high school student in choosing a

career. However, the present study determined the various recommendations to

assess the career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime

program.

According to Lau et al (2015) the ever-changing global environment has

increased emphasis on the re-search and creation of knowledge dedicated to

 16

professional practice. The maritime industry serves as an illustrative example, of

which it has transformed from a traditionally largely unskilled, labor-intensive

industry to a capital-intensive, sophisticated one. This has transformed the nature

of maritime education from a highly practical, hands-on approach to tertiary

education emphasizing on business and analytical skills, as characterized by the

increasing number of tertiary institutions offering under- and postgraduate

maritime programs.

The study above has relevance to the present because it is cited to

understand their profiles, motivations, and expectations of respective programs

that these students have enrolled in. Furthermore, the present study is similar to

the study of Lau et al in which the present study focused also on the motivations

and expectations of students pursuing such a program. However, the present

study also includes various recommendations to assess career perceptions of

the respondents towards the Maritime Program.

Mtemeri (2017) utilized a quantitative research and self-designed

questionnaire in collecting data from one thousand and ten high school students

and 20 career guidance teachers in Minlands Province of Zimbabwe. Study

revealed that family members had an influence on the student’s career choice,

especially the mother. Furthermore, the school guidance had also a positive

impact on the career choice of the respondents.

This had a relevance to the current study because it seeks the factors that

influence the decision of a student in career choice. Furthermore, the impact of

 17

career guidance in choosing a preferred course. Moreover, the present study is

related to the reviewed study because both studies are about determining the

factors the influence the respondents in career choice. However, it differs in the

way the present study includes various recommendations to assess career

perceptions of the respondents and also focus on maritime programs only.

According to Medha et al (2018) there was evidence of parent’s influences

on children’s career choice. Students are happy with their present subject

combination which is providing them with the necessary skills and training that

they will need in the future to achieve their career goals. The findings also

showed that many schools do not provide career guidance services. The key

findings of the factor analysis showed that factors affecting students' career

choice can be grouped under three categories. The first group encompasses

environmental factors, followed by personality factors and lastly opportunity

factors. Thus, from the findings, some recommendations were made to enable

students to make informed decisions.

This has a relevance to the present study because the study analyzed the

career guidance services and parent’s influences on children in terms of decision

making. Furthermore, the reviewed study is similar to the present study since it

discusses the different factors affecting the respondent on choosing a career.

However, it differs that the present study will include various recommendations to

assess career perceptions of the respondents and also focus on maritime

programs only.
 18

Local Studies

The study of Aquado et al (2015) entitled Factors Affecting the Choice of

School and Student's Level of Interest Towards the Maritime Program

determined the factors affecting the choice of schools and degree program of the

freshman year Maritime students. Also, this study determined the reason for the

respondents to decide what degree program to take and enroll in LPU. This study

utilized a descriptive type of research methods with freshman Maritime students.

The results revealed that they believe that finishing Maritime education is

basically the nature of duties and responsibilities of seafarers.

The above study has relevance to the present study because it

determined the factors affecting the choice of schools and degree programs of

the freshman Maritime students. Furthermore, the reviewed study is similar to the

present study because it focused also on factors that affect the career choice of

the respondent. However, it differs that the present study will include various

recommendations to assess career perceptions and also the respondent of the

present study is Grade-10 students in Legazpi, Albay.

The study of Valliente et al (2016) showed that the majority of the

respondents are dependent partially by educational aspirations/expectations.

Furthermore, the least factors are advice from others and the most factors that

influence the students in choosing a course in college by selecting Senior High

School are Academic Aspiration /expectations.

 19

This has relevance to the present study that defines the importance of

considering some factors that powers students’ decision in picking a course for

high school seniors and to know if there are differences in the relative importance

ascribed to these factors, according to the relative importance ascribed to the

students. Furthermore, the reviewed study is similar to the present study since it

also seeks to find out the factors that influence the perception of the respondent

and also the same respondent which is grade-10 students. However, it differs

that the present study will include various recommendations to assess career

perceptions of the respondents.

The study of Sabitero et al. (2017) revealed that the high school students

had “positive” perception in maritime courses. The most prevalent perception in

maritime courses was “to give my family a better life” and the least perceptions

were “want to be known in our community” as well as “I want to gain much

power”. There were no significant differences on the perceptions of the high

school students towards maritime courses when the respondents were classified

according to different categories such as age, sex, residence, and monthly family

income.

This has relevance to the present because this study determined the

perceptions of high school students towards maritime courses in the Philippines.

Furthermore, the reviewed study is similar to the present study since quantitative-

descriptive research design was utilized in this research and data revealed that

the high school students had a positive perception in maritime courses. However,

it differs that the present study discusses the factors affecting the career choice
 20

of the respondent and also includes various recommendations to assess career

perceptions of the respondents.

The study of Pesigan et al (2019) showed that environmental factors have

a higher level of influence on the decision process of the students in choosing a

college degree followed by behavioral factors. The career planning of the

maritime students gearing towards the fulfillment of their profession. Advice of

the parents is important aspect in developing the career of their children while the

personal preference of the children must also be given equal value.

The above study has relevance to the present study because it sought the

factors that influence the preference of maritime students in choosing the college

degree program. Furthermore, the reviewed study is similar to the present study

since it discusses the interest of the respondent’s in choosing maritime programs

and also motivation that affects in pursuing maritime programs. However, it

differs that the present study will include various recommendations to assess

career perceptions of the respondents.

Gunay et al (2019) aims to determine the perception of Senior High

School students taking up Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) and

Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL) track to pursue cruise line management

program and also identify the factors that affects senior high school to pursue

Cruise Line in terms of internal and external factors. The study used a descriptive

method of which was statistically treated using weighted mean and analysis of

the variance (ANOVA).

 21

The foregoing study is related to the present study because it identifies the

factors that affect senior high school to pursue the Cruise Line program in terms

of internal and external factors. Furthermore, the status of the parents affects the

career choice of the student in pursuing and choosing a preferred course.

However, Gunay’s utilized the descriptive method and analysis of variance

(ANOVA) as a statistical tool while the latter study used descriptive-survey

method and weighted mean.

Synthesis of the Art

This study dealt with the career perception of Grade-10 students towards

the maritime program in Legazpi City, Albay. The review of related literature and

studies served as significant references for this study.

The statement of Wall has a relevance to the present study because

according to him behavioral factors of the students might also influence the

decision of students in making choices of their future career through taking the

right degree program in college. The study of St. Gean is related to the present

study because the result indicated that high school students enrolled in CTE

courses outside of the school day have a career plan and understand the

benefits of completing high school and pursuing additional education to achieve

their career goals. Students enrolled in CTE courses outside the school day are

influenced to enroll in CTE by friends, mothers, and female guardians.

 22

An additional factor that influenced students to enroll in CTE courses is

having a career plan. The article of Kalvaitiene is related to the present study

because it discusses motives for choosing the maritime profession and

approaches to learning are characteristics of an individual person and also

relationship between motives for choosing the maritime profession and a

student's approach to learning, in the context of quality of studies, is under

investigation in this paper. The study of Cunningham has a relation to the present

study because of the Maritime Education and Training (MET) in which it can help

to increase awareness as well as to mitigate the trends and challenges

influenced by the philosophical and sociological changes experienced in society

and the Maritime Industry.

The article of Kaneez & Medha is related to the present study because the

key findings of the factor analysis showed that factors affecting a student's career

choice can be grouped under three categories. The first group encompasses

environmental factors, followed by personality factors and lastly opportunity

factors. Thus, from the findings, some recommendations were made to enable

students to make informed decisions. The statement of Keller has a relevance to

the present study because it emphasizes that the parents serve as a major

influence in their children’s career development and career decision- making.

Parents want their children to find happiness and success in life and one factor

which influences happiness and success is career choice. The study of Pafili and

Mylonakis is related to the present study because it’s emphasized that in coming

up with the right decision of what profession to take, students can properly utilize
 23

their skills and knowledge to gain proper experience who could contribute to the

development and welfare of the society.

The study of Laguador is relevant to the present study because it revealed

that it is the personal choice of the students to enroll in a maritime program with

the support primarily from their parents wherein quality education through being

known as home of board topnotchers and its standards are considered a big

factor for their decision. They also believed that finishing maritime education

would bring them employment abroad which is basically the nature of duties and

responsibilities of seafarers. Patena and Dinglasan study is related to present

study because it defines that the decision on choosing a program is depending

on the students’ interest towards their degree program may vary from time to

time due to different degrees of experiences encountered by the students

themselves.

The study of Hrnciar and Madzík has a relation to the present study

because it states that it has several factors that may affect the decision of

students and parents, where it can be a good source of insight for private higher

education institutions to offer quality services that will suit to the needs,

expectations and demands of the community. The article of Wood and Eagly is

related to the present study because it revealed that the family background,

norms concerning gender role behavior, and inspiration from discourses and

female examples result in women’s reflections on gender consciousness.

 24

Gap Bridged by the Study

Considering all available literature and studies, related to the present topic

entitled Career Perception of Grade 10 Students towards Maritime Program in

Selected High Schools in Legazpi City, Albay, the researcher agreed that this

study is very important in gaining personal knowledge about strands in senior

high school especially the pre-baccalaureate maritime specialization and

assessing career perception towards maritime program. Although there were

studies that had been conducted that focus on career pathways in college, the

researchers found out that there were no studies focusing on career perception

of senior high school students towards maritime programs in the said city. Hence,

it is the gap bridged by this study.

Theoretical Framework

Social Cognitive Career Theory (1994). This theory is an influential theory

of cognitive and motivational processes that has been extended to the study of

many areas of psychosocial functioning, such as academic performance,

functioning, academic performance, health behavior, and organizational

development. Emphasizes that the choice goals are sometimes influenced more

directly by the self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectation or environmental

variables than they are interest. (Lent et al, 1994)

According to this theory, rising largely through self -efficacy and outcome

expectation, career related interest fosters particularly educational career choice

and goals intention to pursue a particular career path. This theory is relevant to
 25

the study because the choices that people make about the activities and decision

in which they will engage, and their effort and persistence, entail consideration of

outcome as well as self-efficacy beliefs. Social cognitive theory posits those

goals are importantly tied to both self-efficacy and outcome expectations. People

tend to set goals that are consistent with their views of their personal capabilities

and of the outcomes they expect to attain from pursuing a particular course of

action. Success or failure in reaching personal goals, in turn, becomes important

information that helps alter or confirm self-efficacy beliefs and outcome

expectations.

Holland's theory of Career Choice (1994) maintains that in choosing a

career, people prefer jobs where they can be around others who are like them.

They search for environments that will let them use their skills and abilities, and

express their attitudes and values, while taking on enjoyable problems and roles.

Behavior is determined by an interaction between personality and environment.

Holland emphasizes that people who choose to work in an environment similar to

their personality type are more likely to be successful and satisfied.

(Holland,1994)

This theory can be used to increase understanding about the personal

career choice and readiness for career decision making and the intensity and

duration of career interventions that might be effective in solving career

problems. According to Holland (1994) it is not recognized wider social

phenomenon that may affect career such as ethnicity, gender, location, social

capital etc. both in terms of how they affect our perceptions and limit
 26

opportunities. Those individuals should use their dominant type and then look for

a career in that field with social would benefit from considering careers in

educational or health and social care field.

The Theoretical Framework of the study is illustrated in Figure 1

o Theory of Career Choice

c
i

CAREER PERCEPTION OF GRADE-10 STUDENTS TOWARDS MARITIME

PROGRAM IN
LEGAZPI CITY, ALBAY

Influenced by the self-efficacy beliefs, outcome

expectation or environmental variables
Increase understanding in personal career choice
Readiness for career decision making
 27

Figure 1

Theoretical Framework of the Study

Conceptual Framework

This study attempts to assess the career perception of Grade 10 students

towards the Maritime Program in Legazpi City, Albay. To attain this objective,

several specific problems were identified to fully understand the factors affecting

their career choice.

In order to have a clearer view of the factors affecting the choice of grade

10 students towards the maritime program along with quality of education,

influence of people, personal preference and proximity and accessibility should

be looked into with primary data to be taken from the respondents. As the means

of information, it gathered data by way of a survey questionnaire. The study

utilized data that were derived from the selected respondents and other

secondary sources. All responses underwent statistical treatment and the result

should be given appropriate description and interpretation with this process.

Likewise, assessing the career perceptions towards maritime programs of the

 28

students as well as the recommendation that can be suggested to improve the

maritime program were given appropriate consideration and interpretation.

It was the objective of the study to come up with better results that can be

used by individuals and organizations. The output of this would be beneficial to

the maritime schools by promoting and providing information about maritime

programs. The conceptual framework of the study is presented in Figure 2.

Career Perceptions of Grade 10 Students in Selected Senior High

Schools in
Legazpi City

Factors affecting the choiceDistribution

of the Gradeof questionnaire
10 students towards
Recommendations to assess the career
Maritime Program
perception of Grade
10 students towards
Maritime Program
Career perception of Grade 10 students
Analysis
towards and interpretation of data
Maritime
Program
 29

FEEDBACK

Figure 2

Conceptual Framework of the Study

Definition of Terms

To provide the readers with better understanding, the following terms were

conceptually and operationally defined:

Internship. The position of a student or trainee who works in an

organization, sometimes without pay, in order to gain work experience or satisfy

requirements for a qualification (encyclopedia.com). In this study, it is defined as

part of academic requirements or also as known on the job training that is

needed to be accomplished by the graduating students in senior high school.

JHS. Junior High School comprises grades 7 to 10 (ages 12 to 16).

Students who complete elementary education at grade 6 automatically progress

to JHS – there are no separate entry requirements at both the junior and senior

secondary levels (Macha et al.2018). In this study, it refers to the present level of
 30

respondent high school which is Grade-10 and also it is the primary source of

respondent in this study.

K to 12. The K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic

education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High School, and

two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of

concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary

education (GOV.PH). In this study, this is a terminology of the curriculum that has

an additional two years for high school.

Perception. A result of perceiving, awareness of the elements of

environment through career choice (Cherry, 2020). In this study, it is the level of

awareness or knowledge in senior high school especially the maritime program.

Pre-baccalaureate Maritime Specialization. A modified program of a

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strand under the

Academic Track. The goal of the Pre-baccalaureate Maritime Specialization is to

encourage SHS graduates to pursue maritime higher education (DepEd-

MARINA-Memo, 2016). In this study, it refers to a program in senior high school

that is subject to the maritime program.

Senior High School (SHS). It refers to Grades 11 and 12, the last two

years of the K to 12 Basic Education Program. In SHS, students are required to

go through a core curriculum and subjects under a track of their choice (Macha et

al.2018). In this study, it is the curriculum of education which contains the

maritime program.
 31

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows the methods and the procedures employed in the

conduct of the study. It also includes the research design, sources of data,

research instrument, and population of the study, the data gathering procedure,

and the statistical treatment.

Research Design

This study utilizes descriptive-survey design. This type of research design

is suitable wherever the subjects vary among themselves and one is interested to

know the extent to which different conditions and situations are obtained among

these subjects. The word survey signifies the gathering of data regarding the
 32

present conditions. A survey is useful in providing the value of facts, and focusing

attention on the most important things to be reported. (Paler-Calmorin, 2010).

The descriptive-survey method will be used by the researcher in gathering

information and data about the factors affecting the choice of Grade 10 students

and recommendations to assess career perceptions towards maritime programs.

The method aims to describe the nature of the situation, as it exists at the time of

the study to explore the cause of particular phenomena.

Sources of Data

There are two (2) sources of data that are presented as the results of this

research study and these are the primary sources of data and the secondary

sources of data. Primary data, refers to data observed or collected directly from

first-hand experience. In this study, responses of the Grade 10 students in the

perceptions of Selected Senior High Schools in Legazpi City, Albay towards the

maritime program.

The second source of data includes the published materials such as

books, articles, journals, magazines, newspapers, unpublished thesis and other

publications.

Population of the Study

 33

This study was participated in by three (3) public Grade 10 schools in

Legazpi namely: Legazpi City National High School, Oro Site High School, and

Legazpi City Science High School. A total of thirty-nine (39) out of one thousand,

one hundred seventy-six (1176) Grade 10 students was utilized as the

respondents and units of the study in the survey. Twelve (12) students are the

respondents that came from Oro Site High School; From Legazpi City Science

High School, six (6) students; and twenty-one (21) students from Legazpi City

High School. All these added together, the researcher utilized a sample of thirty-

nine (39) student-respondents for the current study.

Table A
Population of the Study

Respondents Population Percentage Sample Size

Oro Site HS 349 29.68% 12

Legazpi City Science HS 180 15.31% 6

Legazpi City NHS 647 55.01% 21

TOTAL 1, 176 100% 39

Research Instrument

A researcher made instrument was utilized to gather the needed data

(Appendix A). The survey questionnaire made use of a 4-point Likert scale. The

research instrument has three parts. All of these parts were answered by the
 34

respondents. Furthermore, each part of this questionnaire has their own

descriptors or statements.

Part I determines the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students towards

the Maritime program in selected High Schools in Legazpi City. It consists of four (4)

factors that affect the choice of Grade 10 students. Each respondent placed a check (√)

mark on the statement of each factor. Using 4-point Likert scale with adjectival

description, the respondents identified which is strongly agree, agree, disagree, and

strongly disagree in the quality of education, personal preference and proximity and

accessibility. Very influential, influential, neutral and uninfluential in the influence of

people.

Part II determines the career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the

Maritime Program on selected High School in Legazpi City. Then again, respondents

placed a check (√) mark on the career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the

Maritime Program. The respondent specified their perceptions using the 4-point Likert

scale. The following adjectival descriptions are being used: strongly agree, agree,

disagree and strongly disagree.

Part III gave way to the recommendations in order to assess the career perceptions

of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime program. The respondent placed a check

(√) mark on the recommendations to assess the career perceptions of the Grade 10

students towards the Maritime program. The respondent specified their recommendation

using the 4-point Likert scale with the adjectival description of strongly recommended,

recommended, moderately recommended and not recommended. The researcher ranked

the statement according to the recommended career perceptions of the respondents. Using
 35

ranking scale 1st to 5th, in which 1st denotes highly recommended and 5th as least

recommended.

Validation of the Research Instrument

The draft will be submitted for approval and after that it will be revised and

subjected again for final approval by the panelist. Dry run presided by distributing

the prepared questionnaires to the randomly selected Grade 10 students of

Pawa National High School in Legazpi City, Albay. The researcher is choosing to

conduct the dry run to the students taking their snacks and lunch outside the

school mentioned above. The researcher decided to have 15 respondents in

order to obtain a concrete dry run result. After conducting the dry-run, it has been

approved by the research adviser.

Data Gathering Procedure

After the finalization and approval by the research instructor of the

prepared statement of the problem, the drafting of the survey tool was also

prepared. The prepared survey tool is submitted to the research committee at

Mariners’ Polytechnic Colleges Foundation Inc. in Legazpi City, Albay for

checking. After its finalizations, the study was approved and the researcher

started the actual field work. There has been a continuous data gathering

process from the start of its implementation until all the needed data are

retrieved.
 36

In distributing the prepared questionnaire, the researcher coordinated first

to the principals of the three Schools. The Grade 10 advisers of each school are

easily identified by the respondents. The survey questionnaires are given by the

use of google form as a platform to the two schools who are having their online

class namely: Legazpi Science NHS and Legazpi City NHS. While in Orosite HS

who are taking up a modular class, a prepared survey questionnaire form is

given in order to be accessed by the respondents. All questionnaires had been

retrieved within a couple of weeks and the computation and tabulation

immediately followed.

Statistical Treatment of the Study

The following measures were employed in analyzing the data gathered.

These descriptive measures provided the basis for discussion and interpretation.

Frequency count, Percentage, Weighted Mean and Ranking were used to

determine the career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime

program in selected High Schools in Legazpi City. The data was tabulated,

computed, statistically treated and properly interpreted. To determine the sample

size of the Grade 10 students of the selected high school in Legazpi City,

scientific determination of sample size formula was used. In determining the

factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime

program in selected High Schools in Legazpi City, career perceptions and

recommendation, weighted mean and ranking were used. Below is the formula of

sample size.
 37

Sample size Formula:

NV +[S e2 x ( 1− p ) ]
Ss =
N Se +[V 2 x p ( 1− p ) ]

Where:

Ss = Sample size

N = Population

V = Standard value of 5 percent level of probability with 95 percent reliability level

Se = Sampling error (0.05)

p = Largest possible population

Weighted Mean:

WM=
∑ fx
N

Where:

WM = Weighted mean

∑ fx = The sum of the production of f and x

f = Frequency of the respondents

x = No. of respondents

N = Population

4-point Likert Scale:

 38

Adjectival Rating
Numerical
Scale Problems
Rating
Problem 1. b Problem 3
1. a, c, d and 2

Strongly
4 3.50 – 4.00 Strongly Agree Very Influenced
Recommended

Moderately
3 2.50 – 3.49 Agree Influenced
Recommended

2 1.50 – 2.49 Disagree Neutral Recommended

Strongly Not
1 1.00 – 1.49 Uninfluential
Disagree Recommended

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of

data. The presentation is divided into three (3) parts. Part I, the Factors Affecting

the Choice of the Grade 10 Students towards Maritime Program; Part II, Career

Perceptions of Grade 10 Students towards Maritime Program; Part III,

Recommendations to Assess the Career Perceptions of the Grade 10 Students

towards Maritime Program.

 39

1. Factors Affecting the Choice of the Grade 10 Students towards Maritime

Program

Students after completing the JHS need to choose a strand that can

prepare them for college life. There are factors that can affect their decisions in

choosing strands whether it is related to maritime or not. Students need to think

carefully and take advice to truly understand what strands are fit for them. To

determine the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students, there were

thirty-nine (39) Grade 10 students who were given a survey questionnaire and

asked to rate the enumerated indicators provided by the researcher. The ratings

will determine the level of agreement about the factors affecting the choice of the

students in terms of Quality of Education, Influence of People, Personal

Preferences, and Proximity and Accessibility.

Table 1
Factors Affecting the Choice of the Grade 10 Students
towards Maritime Program
State Wei I
ght
ments n
ed
Mea t
e
r
p
r
e
t
a
 40

ti
o
n

a. A. Quality of Education

1. The 3.33 A
school g
has r
well e
known e
high
stand
ards.
2. The 3.21 A
school g
has r
produ e
ced e
gradu
ates
who
easily
find
jobs.
3. 3.05 A
Prove g
n its r
ability e
to e
beco
me a
 41

home
of
board
topnot
chers
and
passe
rs.
Gene Agr
ral
20 ee
Weig
hted
Mean
B. Influence of People
1. 3.26 I
Parent
n
s
fl
u
e
n
ti
a
l

2. 3.64 I
Relati
n
ves
fl
u
e
n
ti
a
l
 42

3. 3.77 I
Brothe
n
r/Siste
r fl
u
e
n
ti
a
l

4. 3.92 I
Friend
n
s
fl
u
e
n
ti
a
l

5. 3.92 I
Teach
n
ers
fl
u
e
n
ti
a
l

Gener 2.90 I
al
n
Weig
hted fl
 43

Mean u
e
n
ti
a
l

C. Personal Preference
1. 3.36 A
Own
g
choice
r
e
e

2. 3.90 A
Prefer
g
red
cours r
e is
e
offere
d e

Gener 3.13 A
al
g
Weig
hted r
Mean
e
e

D. Proximity and Accessibility

1. 3.03 A
Near
g
our
prese r
nt
e
family
reside e
nce.
 44

2. 2.97 A
This is
g
the
neare r
st
e
school
where e
the
mariti
me
progra
m is
offere
d.
3. The 3.28 A
transp
g
ortatio
n is r
acces
e
sible.
e

Gener 3.0 A
al
g
Weig
hted r
Mean
e
e

Overa 3.14 A
ll g
Weig r
hted e
Mean e

A. Quality of Education

To determine the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students, the

respondents were asked to rate the three indicators that would help the students
 45

assessing their perceptions about schools in choosing maritime program such as

the school has well known high standards, the school has produced graduates

who easily find jobs, and proven its ability to become a home of board

topnotchers and passers.

Table 1 shows the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students

towards the Maritime Program. The highest weighted mean on quality of

education is the school has well known high standards with 3.33 and interpreted

as agree. This followed by the school has produced graduates who easily find

jobs with a weighted mean of 3.21 and interpreted as agree. The lowest among

these is the school that proved its ability to become a home of board topnotchers

and passers got the weighted mean of 3.05 and interpreted as agree, and the

overall mean rating of 3.20 or an adjectival rating of Agree.

This means the quality of education is based on the school standards. The

Grade 10 students believed that the school can help them in acquiring

knowledge and skills that are needed to become successful in their career.

Soomro and Ahbad (2012) emphasized that managing quality in higher

education in a multicultural population with different approaches is not only

challenging but an uphill task. The school always needs to practice their mission

in giving the students a quality education. Learnings that can help them to have a

well-nourished knowledge and skills that can contribute for the betterment not

only for their family but also to the society as well.

This result implies that schools should always practice and provide high

quality education. The school has well known high standards that are strongly
 46

applied that help the student in acquiring knowledge and skills that are needed to

become successful in their career.

B. Influence of People

The data on the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students

towards Maritime Program that can be influenced by people. The table 1 under

influence of people shows influence with the general weighted mean of 2.90.

Parents are influential people with a weighted mean of 3.26, followed by friends

and teachers with a weighted mean of 2.92 and interpreted as influential.

Relatives are also influential with a weighted mean of 2.90.

This means parents are influential people that affect their choice toward a

maritime program. The Grade 10 students believed that with the help and

guidance of their parents they can choose the right career path.

According to the study of Dietsche (2013), parents have a higher influence

on Grade 10 students in career planning. Although the student will decide on

what career he wants, it needs the guidance of other people especially from their

families. They can influence their choice by providing them a little knowledge that

can help them in deciding on their career path.

It implies that parents should be invited during a career program so that

they can also acquire knowledge about maritime programs and on how they can

help their students choose the career that they want. The results are remarkably

supportive that parental influence has a significant effect on the career choice of

their children. They should be conscious of the environment and personal factors
 47

that affect career decisions while guiding the students aiming to provide

appropriate information with regards to their career and future stability.

C. Personal Preference

As shown in table 1, the personal preference of Grade 10 students has a

general weighted mean of 3.13 and interpreted as agree. The statement, own

choice obtained the highest weighted mean of 3.36 and interpreted as agree, and

preferred course is offered with a weighted mean of 2.90 and interpreted as

agree. The factors affecting the choice of Grade 10 students towards maritime

program Personal preference of Grade 10 students.

This means before entering college the Grade 10 students already have

an idea what program and school they will choose. They have their personal

reasons that can help them to achieve their dreams.

Nadelson et al. (2013) found out that personal expectations and

experiences influenced their decision to attend college universities and program

their choice. Those experiences and expectations are consistent with the

developing purpose, interpersonal relationships, and interdependency vectors.

The influences on their decision to attend the university include their awareness

of programs designed to support their academic experience and the influence of

the programs.

This implies that grade 10 students before entering college already have

an idea what program and school they will choose. It implies that they have their

own personal reason that can help them to achieve their dreams. Should the

marketing strategies of maritime school in promoting the school and/or maritime

 48

program should focus on elementary and junior high school students by giving

them little knowledge about the demand of maritime professionals.

D. Proximity and Accessibility

The data on table 1, the factors affecting the choice of Grade 10 towards

maritime program has an overall weighted mean of 3.14 and interpreted as

agree. Further, the transportation is accessible has a weighted mean of 3.28 and

interpreted as Agree. This followed near our present family residence with a

weighted mean of 3.03 and interpreted as agree. This is the nearest school

where the maritime program is offered, obtained a weighted mean of 2.97 and

interpreted as agree. The general weighted mean of the factors affecting the

choice along proximity and accessibility is 3.09 or an adjectival rating of Agree.

This means the Grade 10 students prefer to study in the school that is

nearest and/or accessible by transportation. They believe that this school can

also give quality education just like other maritime schools.

In the study of Aguado et al. (2015), they emphasized that the cost of

living in the province is less expensive and the environment is less populated

compared to the National Capital Region. The expenses are being considered

also in choosing what schools they want to study.

This implies that guardians/parents should enroll their Grade ten (10)

students to take maritime school in the nearest in their area accessible by land

transportation. They should believe that this nearest maritime school can also

give quality based on the MARINA's learning and facilities standards.

Furthermore, they should emphasize that the cost of living in the province is less
 49

expensive and the environment is less populated compared to the National

Capital Region. The expenses are being considered also in choosing what

schools they want to study.

2. Career Perceptions of the Grade 10 Students towards Maritime Program

When choosing a maritime program as a career, there are various factors

to consider. The discussion of the findings in career perceptions of the grade 10

students towards maritime programs is presented in table 2.

Table 2
Career Perceptions of the Grade 10
Students towards Maritime Program

Statemen Weight I
ts n
t
e
r
p
r
e
t
a
ti
o
n
1. It
prepares
me to A
work on a g
ship with r
a high e
salary and
e
travel
around
the world.
2. It
enables
me to
 50

meet and A
interact g
with r
different
e
nationaliti
es. e

3. This is
a
steppingst A
one to g
become r
master/chi e
ef
e
engineer.
4. It
improves
my A
Intraperso g
nal and r
Interperso e
nal skills.
e

1. 5. Enables me to learn and

utilize foreign languages.
A
g
r
e
e

General A
Weighted g
Mean r
e
e

Referring to the table, all indicators show that the Career Perceptions of

the Grade 10 Students towards Maritime Program agree. It prepares me to work

in a ship with a high salary employment and travel around the world, it enables
 51

me to meet and interact with different nationalities, this is a steppingstone to

become master/chief engineer, it improves my Intrapersonal and Interpersonal

skills, and enables me to learn and utilize foreign languages. The computed

weighted mean of these statements was 3.31, 3.33, 3.33, 3.44, and 3.36

respectively.

This means the importance of maritime programs can give them basic

knowledge and skills that can help the Grade 10 students. A knowledge and

skills that would benefit them for a long period of time to be competent in their

career.

Pallis & Ng (2011) highlights include the tendency of undergraduate

students to combine studies and work, considering real-world experiences as a

vital contributor to career prospects. 

This study implies that a maritime school should utilize a foreign language

subject that enables people to meet and interact with different nationalities to

improve intrapersonal and interpersonal skills. Moreover, they should gain

knowledge and skills that would benefit the students for a long period of time to

be competent in their career.

3. Recommendations to Assess the Career Perceptions of the Grade 10

Students towards Maritime Program

The recommendations to assess the career perceptions of the Grade 10

students towards maritime programs were tabulated for best discussion. Table 3

shows the recommendations of the Grade 10 students towards the maritime

 52

program. There were five (5) recommendations identified and ranked according

to the degree of importance.

Table 3
Recommendations to Assess the Career Perceptions of the Grade 10
Students towards Maritime Program
S Weight Inte
t
rpr
a Mean
t etat
e
ion
m
e
n
t
s
1
.
Str
ong
T
Rec
h om
me
e
nde

s
c
h
o
o
l

m
a
y

u
 53

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e

s
o
c
i
a
l

m
e
d
i
a

o
r

s
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t
e
s

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h
a
t

g
 54

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o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n

a
b
o
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t

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h
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p
r
o
g
r
 55

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a
n

o
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f
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r

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r

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 56

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P
Rec
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 57

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 58

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 59

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 60

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 61

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 62

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 64

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 65

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 66

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 71

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 72

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 76

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The data reveals the possible recommendations to assess the career

perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards maritime program were, the school

may use social media or sites that gives information about the program can offer

or develop to the students, present video presentation and actual scenarios of

simulations and problem-solving method to keep them well informed and

educated of what is maritime program, and promote the program to different

schools just like career guidance to help the students learn more about the

program. The computed weighted mean of these statements was 3.64, 3.64, and

3.62 respectively and interpreted as strongly recommended. While, put visuals

like tarpaulins that shows student achievements and school's accomplishments

 77

for them to be motivated in choosing maritime program, and the school must help

students who are already taking up the course to already act like professionals

since they can also give a big impact on the perception of the high school

students got computed weighted mean of 3.49, and 3.38 and interpreted as

moderately recommended. The general weighted mean of 3.55 and interpreted

as strongly recommended.

This means that the importance of social media sites can give a possible

recommendation to assess the career perceptions of the Grade 10 students

towards the maritime program. Through this social media sites that benefits to

acquire knowledge and deepen their understanding about the maritime program.

Stachowski (2011) noted that educational marketing holds practical tools

to help higher educational institutions continue to exist and even flourish in such

competitive and aggressive environments.

This implies the school may use social media or sites that give information

about the program can offer or develop to the students and present video

presentations and actual scenarios of simulations and problem-solving methods

to keep them well informed and educated of what maritime programs are the best

way to use. There should be a strategy in promoting maritime programs to help

and motivate students to become successful professionals someday. This can

give a big impact to further illiterate them on what maritime program is all about.
 78

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This Chapter presents the general summary of the study. The summary of

findings, the conclusions and recommendations. Some areas are covered for

further studies and reference for future researchers.

Summary

The study was conducted to assess the career perceptions of Grade 10

students in Selected Senior High Schools in Legazpi City, Albay towards the

maritime program. This study utilizes a descriptive-survey method. The basis of

the interpretation was from the respective result of the survey made in the study.

Specifically, the study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students towards

Maritime program in selected High Schools in Legazpi City in terms of:

b. Quality of Education,
 79

c. Influence of People,

d. Personal Preferences, and

e. Proximity and accessibility?

2. What are the career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards the

Maritime Program on selected High School in Legazpi City?

3. What are the possible recommendations to assess the career perceptions

of the Grade 10 students towards the Maritime program?

Findings

Based on the data gathered and analyzed, the researchers came up with

the following findings:

1. Factors Affecting the Choice of the Grade 10 Students towards Maritime

Program

A. Quality of Education

The factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students towards the

Maritime Program. The highest weighted mean on quality of education is the

school has well known high standards with 3.33 and interpreted as agree. This

followed by the school has produced graduates who easily find jobs with a

weighted mean of 3.21 and interpreted as agree. The lowest among these is the

school that proved its ability to become a home of board topnotchers and

passers got the weighted mean of 3.05 and interpreted as agree, and the overall

mean rating of 3.20 or an adjectival rating of Agree.

 80

B. Influence of People

The data on the factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students

towards Maritime Program that can be influenced by people. The table 1 under

influence of people shows influence with the general weighted mean of 2.90.

Parents are influential people with a weighted mean of 3.26, followed by friends

and teachers with a weighted mean of 2.92 and interpreted as influential.

Relatives are also influential with a weighted mean of 2.90.

C. Personal Preference

The personal preference of Grade 10 students has a general weighted

mean of 3.13 and interpreted as agree. The statement, own choice obtained the

highest weighted mean of 3.36 and interpreted as agree, and preferred course is

offered with a weighted mean of 2.90 and interpreted as agree. The factors

affecting the choice of Grade 10 students towards maritime program Personal

preference of Grade 10 students

D. Proximity and Accessibility

The factors that affect the most in terms of proximity and accessibility is

the transportation is accessible with a weighted mean of 3.28 and interpreted as

agree; followed by near at our present family residence with a weighted mean of

3.03 and interpreted as agree; and this is the nearest school where maritime

program is offered with a weighted mean of 2.97 or interpreted as Agree.

 81

2. Career Perceptions of the Grade 10 Students towards Maritime Program

All indicators show that the Career Perceptions of the Grade 10 Students

towards Maritime Program agree. It prepares me to work in a ship with a high

salary employment and travel around the world, it enables me to meet and

interact with different nationalities, this is a steppingstone to become master/chief

engineer, it improves my Intrapersonal and Interpersonal skills, and enables me

to learn and utilize foreign languages. The computed weighted mean of these

statements was 3.31, 3.33, 3.33, 3.44, and 3.36 respectively.

3. Recommendations to Assess the Career Perceptions of the Grade 10

Students towards Maritime Program

The possible recommendations to assess the career perceptions of the

Grade 10 students towards maritime program were, the school may use social

media or sites that gives information about the program can offer or develop to

the students, present video presentation and actual scenarios of simulations and

problem-solving method to keep them well informed and educated of what is

maritime program, and promote the program to different schools just like career

guidance to help the students learn more about the program. The computed

weighted mean of these statements was 3.64, 3.64, and 3.62 respectively and

interpreted as strongly recommended. While, put visuals like tarpaulins that

shows student achievements and school's accomplishments for them to be

motivated in choosing maritime program, and the school must help students who

are already taking up the course to already act like professionals since they can

also give a big impact on the perception of the high school students got
 82

computed weighted mean of 3.49, and 3.38 and interpreted as moderately

recommended. The general weighted mean of 3.55 and interpreted as strongly

recommended.

Conclusions

On the basis of the foregoing findings the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The factors affecting the choice of the Grade 10 students towards Maritime

program in selected high schools in Legazpi City were, the school has well

known high standards in terms of quality of education, parents are very influential

person in terms of influence of people, own choice in terms of personal

preferences, and the transportation is accessible in terms of proximity and

accessibility.

2. The career perceptions of the Grade 10 students towards Maritime program on

selected high schools in Legazpi City were, it improves my Intrapersonal and

Interpersonal skills, enables me to learn and utilize foreign languages, it enables

me to meet and interact with different nationalities, this is a steppingstone to

become master/chief engineer and it prepares me to work in a ship with a high

salary employment and travel around the world.

3. There are possible recommendations to assess the career perceptions of the

Grade 10 students towards the Maritime program.

Recommendations
 83

From the preceding inferences, the recommendations of this study are:

1. The school needs to practice their mission in giving the students a quality

education; Invite parents during the career guidance to deepen their

understanding about maritime programs; and the marketing strategies of

maritime schools in promoting the school and/or maritime program should

focus on elementary and junior high school students by giving them little

knowledge about the demand of maritime professionals.

2. Maritime instructors need to share their full knowledge and skills that

would benefit the students for a long period of time to be competent in

their career.

3. Maritime schools may use social media, sites, video presentations, and

actual scenarios of simulations as a strategy in assessing maritime

programs to help and motivate students to become successful

professionals someday.

Areas for Further Studies

1. Motivations and expectations of students pursuing maritime programs in

MPCF-LC.

2. Level of interest of the maritime students towards maritime program.

3. Online learning technique of maritime instructors of MPCF-LC in the

maritime learning process.

 84

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