ME 221: Fluid Mechanics II Instructor f ¥ } t t | ‘ ' | toe Co ee eRe ee CC RS eC e ne rates in actual and ideal flow cases. However, the momentum flux can still be unbalanced. Recall that the loss of mass flux in actual flow is equal to pUS" if the plate is not displaced in the Frenne SO ae Oe ORR eee ee Reon eee ny is equal to pU20 when the plate has been displacement by 6” in the ideal flow. Since the flow outside the BL is same as (very close to) the ideal flow, we need to consider the PO nett ea Cece ORR en nnd Se Reni a puro | ie one i ery 6 Br) en eos} Cya Ew aes uz5* [ way Syd (U2—u?) dy — U2 ime -7) od Cy fi (ere OMe ocr tected ering uy ara m=eR ee CR cee ee) rier We select the four-sided region from 0 to hto 6 to L and back to the origin O as our control volume. mE MeO enka If We had chosen to cut across horizontally from left to right PCR oN ete ee Meee Me teen Cootren earemerr an Meet Ties Seance timc etree CC OOM Ce Ca cl ts Cae) (0,h), which is outside the shear layer and also has no mass eee We also assume that the pressure is uniform everywhere so that there is no net pressure force on the CV. Een) Cee eee cee en Atul K Soti (Dept. OF ME, ITTG)esate RO See LOO ROX OME RR site a cA From (0, h) to (L, 6); streamline, no shear, V.7 = 0 SCAR Ce ine tC a Area eA ROR KOs Cn ae OCR eects CAS ence ROR a ce ecie aeart Ronee Cen ence ene eee ee Ce eos Since the flow is assumed incompressible and steady, then no TON mee Oren aes n ne) eee) ae er IOs Lea [u (L,y)(V.7) aa Plate of width b Se ac) Atal K Soti (Dept. OF ME, IITG)p | U(-U)b dy +p ff CRD) ORD) ar Pa ee ORs a 4 wady| This could be considered the answer to the problem, but it is not Pesce ee eR ee er OTC e eMC Ns ecm shear layer thickness 5. This is found by applying the mass conservation, since the control volume forms a streamfube. I WV.) dA=0 ra (a >of (ony) oma Crag b Eee mat) Se ac) Atul K Soti (Dept. OF ME, ITTG)7 D 7 ee TESTU eRe OO 5 a D aaa u dy aaah wdy| ‘ al HUEY a8 u yer: G ah U || 5, eT) eS eee ee aS See aes Plate of width b Se eee cee nT Atul K Soti (Dept. OF ME, ITTG)Recall the Stokes’ first problem- a impulsively started plate in a stagnant fluid. We had defined the diffusion layer thickness as the distance from the plate where the fluid velocity is ements? One Era, eee et eS RCS Ee Ta Ret? eo me eon Mane Cr Occur mace ees SSC Nee eT ORC Ce Nm TS ce mn cen imate Create Ce Rr nen cee rd In case of boundary layer, free stream fluid particles interacts with the plate for time ¢~L/U when they reach a distance from the tip of the plate. Therefore, the BL thickness is, aWe can see that BL thickness is inversely related to the Reynolds number The above approximation can also be derived by considering the balance of inertia and viscous forces ed: Oe Oe a eS eo eR RT the inertia forces increases from zero towards a maximum value. Inside boundary layer - Viscous force ~ inertia force ha Cy bars rae en EST} Oy+ Inside BL: u~U, y~5, x~L