Neo Rationalism

Modern Movement and its two periods

Rationalism (1917-1933)
• Arises in Europe between the first and the second world war.
• The name is a generic designation for movements with similar features that
were liderated by bauhaus School in Germany: Neoplasticism, Russian
Constructivism, Rationalism and Scandinavian Tendency.
• Before the second World War started, Bauhaus school is closed by Nazi
Government and many architects migrated to U.S.A.

International Style (1933-1970)

CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d‘Architecture Moderne, or
International Congress of Modern Architecture) is an organization that
gathrered the most importan architects of each movement of rationalism to
promote their ideas. Common agreements wer published in “The Athens
Charter”.
• Unified, it is known as International Style.
 Rationalism main features
Form Follows function
Functionality and standarization to generate economic
solutions

Flat roofs, smooth facades, and cubic shapes

• Radical simplification of form
• Rejection of ornament
• Standarization

Main Principles:
• Standarization
• Economy
• Functionality

Walter Gropious: Fagus Factory (1917) and Bauhaus School (1923)


International
Style
• The Bauhaus school
disbanded when the Nazis
rose to power. Walter Gropius,
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe,
and other Bauhaus leaders
migrated to the United States.
• The term International Style
was applied to the American
form of Rationalism
architecture.
The expression of volume rather than mass.
• Instead of the solid, geometric shapes of rationalism, glass
walls and sliding doors shape inner space.
• To join exterior and interior spaces
Balance rather than preconceived symmetry
• Following the princiles of modern abstract art.
Five points of architecture (le Corbusier)
• Pilotis
• Curtan Wall
• Free plan
• Fifth Facade
Economy is no longer an issue. A new aesthethic
based in light effects and geometry.
Neo
Rationalism

 It is based on functionalism
but takes distance from
abstraction without
reference.
 Reinterprettaion of
rationalism but taking in
consideration the local
culture and the context.
 Simplifaction and return to
modern movement
archetipes.
 Reinterpreted rationalism.

Altlhighausem Richard Meier

 Richard Meier

Jean Paul Getty Center(1997) Richard Meier

Richard Meier
Burda Museum

Salzman House
Rafael Moneo
Murcia City Hall

Previsión Española
 Rafael Moneo

Nuestra Señora de Los Ángeles Church

Atocha Train Station

 Rafael Moneo
Bankinter Joan Miró
adition
building

Kursaal Center
 F u m i h i ko M a k i

Tv Asahi Building
 F u m i h i ko M a k i
MIT Media Lab Complex
Wacoal Media
Center (1985).
Fumihiki Maki