Department of Education

1
Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION VII – CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TALISAY CITY
TALISAY CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
RIZAL ST., DUMLOG, TALISAY CITY, CEBU
The Relevance of Online Grammar Checkers and Plagiarism

Detectors in Producing Flawless Writing
at Talisay City National
High School
A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School Department

in Humanities and Social Sciences Strand
Talisay City National High School
Dumlog, Talisay City, Cebu
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Inquires, Investigation and Immersion
RESEARCHER:
Estrella, Julia Marie
April 2023
2
APPROVAL SHEET
This research study entitled “The Relevance of Online Grammar Checkers and
Plagiarism Detectors in Producing Flawless Writing at Talisay City National
High School” prepared and submitted by Julia Marie Estrella in partial fulfillment
of the requirements in Practical Research II for the strand HUMANITIES AND
SOCIAL SCIENCES, GRADE 12 has been examined and recommended for
acceptance and approval for PEER REVIEW.
RESEARCH COMMITTEE
RALPH P. PESPEÑAN DR. JOANNE M. PAREJAS

Research Adviser Research Coordinator
PANELS OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the committee on Peer Review with a grade of _________.
ANNAH JEAN T. NAMOC JAYSON E. CABABAT

Member Member
ERNESTO T. ACEBRON JR.

Member
DR. BOBBY M. CABANGON

Chairman
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Inquires,

Investigation and Immersion for the strand HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL
SCIENCES, GRADE 12.
Approved by:
MR. EAMON U. ALIDO

School Principal
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The Relevance of Online Grammar Checkers and Plagiarism

Detectors in Producing Flawless Writing
at Talisay City National
High School
Julia Marie Estrella
Abstract
In writing, spelling and grammatical inaccuracies can alter statement’s
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interpretation and lead to disinformation. Grammar checkers and plagiarism
detectors are operating systems that are integrated into a word processor to detect
grammatical errors when writing and to cross-check text for duplicated content. It
typically inspects for inaccurate usage of words and sentence patterns, as well as
inaccurate punctuation and other vague errors. The purpose of this study was to
discover individuals’ knowledge of the English language by depicting their
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inaccuracies and omissions through utilizing online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors. A descriptive correlation research design was used in this
study with the total of 120 respondents. It employed an adopted questionnaire
concerning the relevance of grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors in
producing flawless writing. Data were gathered, analyzed, and interpreted using the
frequency and percentage distribution, weighted mean and also the Pearson r which
is to determine or test if the utilization of grammar checkers and plagiarism
detectors correlate to the level of flawless writing. Findings revealed that students
are really satisfied in using grammar checker and plagiarism detectors, they are
accustomed to use these tools to produce delicate work, saves the students most of
their time. This study proves the relevance of online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors that test the level of flawless writing.
Keywords: determine, inaccuracies, interpretation, grammar, checkers, processor,
accustomed, frequency, percentage, plagiarism

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Acknowledgement
The completion of this research study would not have been feasible without
the involvement and guidance of a lot of individuals, the names of whom might not all
be listed. Their contributions are deeply appreciated and affirmed. Even so, I would
like to express heartfelt gratitude to the following individuals in particular:
To Mr. Ralph P. Pespeñan, our Research Adviser, who compassionately
taught and assisted us in comprehending the complexity of creating this research
paper, as well as provided and shared his knowledge and expertise in the field of
research.
To Ms. Ervie Jane Reville, our statistician, who assisted us in estimating the
relationship between two statistical variables in order to fulfill this requirement and
complete this study.
I am also thankful to Mr. Eamon U. Alido, the School Head of Talisay City
National High School and to the research coordinator, Dr. Joanne M. Parejas for
approving us to conduct our study as well as to make this research study conceivable.
More importantly, for their unwavering assistance and encouragement.
I am indeed grateful to my supportive family for their empathy and
encouragement, both financial and moral, and for being there for me all the way.
Additionally, to my boyfriend, best friends, and classmates who inspire me with
valuable insights and coping skills as well as being consistently encouraging in this
venture.
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I am grateful to the respondents of this study, the grade 12 Humanities and
Social Sciences students, for your participation in responding to the survey
questionnaires to make this research conceivable.
To the Lord Almighty, who made all of this conceivable, and for the gifts of
mental and physical health. I am also appreciative for each individual who has
assisted me in some way. Although their names are not published here, I will be
immensely thankful to those individuals.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page No.
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET
ABSTRACT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE
Background of the Study
Theoretical Background
Conceptual Framework
Statement of the Problem
Statement of the Null Hypothesis
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
Definition of Terms
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Review of Related Literature Foreign
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Research Setting
Research Respondents
Research Instrument
Data Gathering Procedure

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Statistical Treatment of Data
Ethical Considerations
CHAPTER IV: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Presentation and Interpretation of Data
Analysis of Hypothesis
CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Appendix A (Transmittal Letter)
Appendix B (Sample Questionnaire)
CURRICULUM VITAE
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework
Figure 2: Research Setting
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1:
Table 2:
Table 3:
Table 4:
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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE
Background of the Study
Grammar is one of the main components that need to be mastered especially
for students who learn the English language or commonly called English as
Foreign Language (EFL) students. Grammar is related to the rules in forming
words, phrases, and language clauses that the function is to make correct sentences
both verbally and non-verbally (Thornburry, 2004). Mastering grammar helps
people to have an understandable communication between speaker and hearer
(Schleppegrell, 2014).
Grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors are extremely useful for non-
writers and non-technical individuals. These tools help people enhance their grasp
of the English language by highlighting their flaws and errors. Grammar Checker
Tools will proofread your content to ensure it is exact and error-free. Grammar
checkers help us identify errors in our writing and correct them before sharing our
work with others. There is one thing that is uncertain about our topic, namely that
technology has provided a massive opportunity for students to distinguish what
they desire to learn independently, allowing them to become self-directed learners,
You should be aware that the Grammar checker is context-based. It can only adjust
your findings based on context and cannot guarantee complete accuracy; it will not
rearrange your sentences word for word. The meanings of statements in context
will not be checked by a context-based grammar checker. It removes some
negative sentences or words, such as not or no, and transforms the meaning of the
sentences in such a way that you are unable to express your precise meaning.
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According to Perkins (2020) in his study “Reducing Plagiarism through
Academic Misconduct Education”, despite there being much debate about the
possible causes of plagiarism, there has been scant proof about academic
preventive interventions which may immensely relieve it. This study, according to
Perkins, illustrates a higher education English for Academic Purposes (EAP)
curriculum which aims to boost students’ academic work standards whilst also
reducing plagiarism and detecting cases of union contract deception.
It is necessary to fill those gaps to inform learners that technology has
created a massive opportunity for them to distinguish what they want to learn and
obtain the insight that they personally require. Grammar checker is the only
software that does not rely on people. Most things may be missed, especially when
dealing with idioms. One of the grammar checker’s key disadvantages is that it
only checks structure. It will not assist you generate better ideas or combine your
ideas into logical sentences for better results. Most people currently rely entirely on
grammar checking software to correct problems in their work.
Presently, Talisay City National High School has a large number of
students who are not good at constructing sentences, particularly in English, and
whenever it comes to writing essays, they invariably copy and paste information
without citing the references.
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In this study, the researchers’ rationale for conducting this study is to assess
the relevance of online grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors in producing
flawless writing for Senior High HUMSS student at Talisay City National High
School. The findings of the study will serve as basis for the proposed utilization
plan which enables to look for similarities between your text and existing texts as
well as correction of errors in one’s written work.
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Theoretical Background
The purpose of this study is to provide a strategic plan for assessing senior
high HUMSS students at Talisay City National High School on the Relevance of
Online Grammar Checkers and Plagiarism Detectors in Producing Flawless
Writing.
This study is anchored on Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development Theory
(1986). Learning, according to Vygotsky, can lead to development and
development can lead to learning. The ZPD is the gap between a learner’s level of
independent performance and the level of assisted performance, what the child can
do with help. Vygotsky’s (1978) also believed that some “tool” mediates this
activity, and that these tools could be physical, such as using computers, or
psychological, such as using self-directed learning strategies. This is where
grammar checkers come in, especially as tools to assist students when they are
given term papers. Teachers help students grow by assisting them within their
ZPD. The ZPD concept is viewed as scaffolding, or a network of “support points”
for actors. The concept of scaffolding is very important in the zone of proximal
development (ZPD). Scaffolding is a procedure in which a teacher or more
competent peer assists the student in his or her ZPD as needed and gradually
reduces this assistance as it becomes unnecessary (Riazi & Rezaii, 2011). In
learning about English writing, Vygotsky’s (1978) Zone of Proximal Development
can be related to the grammar checker. This means that scaffolding from a “more
knowledgeable other” is required to succeed in writing process.
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Self-Directed Learning is another important theory in this study. Knowles
(1974) defined Self-Directed Learning as a process in which individuals take the
initiative to diagnose their learning needs, formulate goals, identify human and
material resources, and evaluate learning outcomes without the assistance of others.
In terms of language instruction, the use of computers has a significant impact on
education, particularly in the teaching of a second language. Discovery Learning
based on information technology (IT) may enable learners to take culpability for
selecting the learning goal, evaluating the learning strategies, and supervising the
learning progress. This concept of self-directed learning is also present in the use of
grammar checkers in the IT learning environment. Students can learn the writing
process in this environment, but with the advent of online grammar checkers. It is
also where the teachers will be during the lesson, though their traditional role of
delivering the lesson has been slightly modified to that of facilitators. This learning
method encourages self-directed learning, in which students are independent learners
who know what they want and need to learn. When students use the grammar
checker ‘Grammarly’, for example, their task is to correct their grammatical errors
using the guide and feedback from the Grammarly software, to which they must
respond on their essays.
This study also includes Sarah Smith’s error theory (1990) grounded in the
idea of attention, or cognitive load, some of which an electronic checker can relieve
in its areas of its greatest effectiveness, which this research quantifies. The proposed
theory of error forms is the basis for a pedagogy of register, understood as typified
style, and establishes that error itself can be a strategic style move.
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Conceptual Framework
The Relevance of Online Grammar Checkers and
Plagiarism Detectors in Producing Flawless Writing at
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Talisay City National High School
Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development

Theory (1986)
Relevance of online Generating flawless

grammar checkers writing
and plagiarism
detectors
PROPOSED
UTILIZATION
PLAN
Figure I: Conceptual Framework

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Statement of the Problem

This research assessed the relevance of online grammar checkers and
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plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing for Senior High HUMSS
student at Talisay City National High School in Talisay City Division for school
year 2022 – 2023 as basis for proposed utilization plan.
Specifically, it seeks answers to the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the respondent in terms of:
1.1 age and gender
2. What is the level of utilization of online grammar checkers and plagiarism
detectors by senior high HUMSS students?
3 What is the level of flawless writing produced by senior high HUMSS students
when using online grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the level of utilization of online
grammar checkers and the quality of flawless writing?
5. Based on the findings of the study, what action plans can be proposed?
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Statement of the Null Hypothesis

Based on the objectives of the study, the following null hypothesis was tested
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0.05 level of significance.
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the use of online grammar
checkers and plagiarism detectors as well as producing flawless writing.

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Purpose of the Study

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The research has been conducted with the following purposes
To determine the relevance of online grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors.
To examine the correlation between utilization and level of flawless writing.
To propose utilization plan which assess students in strengthen their writing skills.
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Scope and Delimitation

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This research focused on the role of online grammar checkers and plagiarism
detectors in producing flawless writing. To determine into how online grammar
checkers and plagiarism detectors can help senior high HUMSS students develop a
solid foundation in the English language and assist them to stay within regulatory
and ethical boundaries. This research was carried out during the school year 2022-
2023 at Talisay City National High School, some identified sections of HUMSS
students were chosen to answer questions of the survey that the researchers
prepared. This research used stratified sampling technique and used the Sloven’s
formula in determining the sample size. The number of respondents in this study
was 120. For a structured data collection, we administered a survey to a subset of
senior high HUMSS students.

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Significance of the Study

This study was conducted to determine the usefulness of online grammar
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checkers and plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing by senior high
Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) students at Talisay City National High
School, as well as to assess their effectiveness in enhancing participant’s writing
abilities.
Benefitting the study are the various sectors as follows:
The Students
The senior high HUMSS students will be the direct recipients of the
research’s output, which will assist them in identifying and correcting minor errors
in their writing as well as deterring unintended plagiarism.
The Teachers
This research will also help teachers grade their students work quickly and
precisely. Simultaneously, it will aid in the verification of document authenticity
by checking for copyright infringement.
The School
This research will benefit the school by allowing more unbiased procedure
for evaluating grammatical mistakes.

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The Researchers
This research is advantageous to the research as it will help educate them
how to appropriately cite sources to refrain from plagiarism.
The Future Researchers
This research will benefit future researchers by teaching them how to
correctly correct their grammar when conducting research and how to properly cite
references.
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Definition of Terms
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For better understanding, the terms are defined operationally:
Administered – to control the arrangement of something.
Advantageous – implicating benefits that raise the probability of efficiency.
Authenticity – the attribute of being actual or real.
Deterring – to prevent from acting.
Grammar Checker – a stand-alone systems software application that aids in the
grammatical correctness of a text.
Learning Tool – a set of accessible features that assist all learners in reading,
writing, math, and communication.
Plagiarism – presenting someone else’s work.
Plagiarism Detector – is a software application that locate instances of copyright
infringement within a work.
Precisely – exact about the details of something.
Reliable – dependable
Sampling size – adequate and representative of the population.
Self – directed learning – a process where individuals take primary charge of
continuing and evaluating their learning experiences.
Utilization – the action of making practical and effective use of something.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter discussed the literature and the findings of other related studies
that the current study is connected to, or that can be considered comparable to. This
gave the researcher adequate background data to comprehend the study.
H Yang (2018) conducted a study titled “Efficiency of Online Grammar
Checker in English Writing Performance and Students’ Perceptions”, which
examined the effectiveness of online grammar checkers in English writing
performance and students’ perceptions. According to Yang (2018), the aim of this
study was to determine the effectiveness of results from an online grammar checker
like Spellcheck Plus in enhancing grammar accuracy in L2 students’ writing and
students’ viewpoints of the grammar checker as a language learning tool. As per the
study, the viewpoints of students on grammar checker responses demonstrated
inaccurate writing feedback, as well as students’ inability to comprehend affected
error detection and correction.
According to Wang and Zhong’s (2022) study “Research and
Implementation of English Grammar Check and Error Correction Based on Deep
Learning”, even though English is becoming increasingly prevalent as a global
language, it isn’t our native language, therefore there are cultural as well as
intellectual differences. A most tricky problem to settle is the grammar in English.
This study employs information from the GEC evaluation function to evaluate the
four main parts of article, noun, verb, and preposition using various methodologies.
According to the findings, the accuracy of the four factors is demonstrated.

22
According to Perkins (2020) in his study “Reducing Plagiarism through
Academic Misconduct Education”, despite there being much debate about the
possible causes of plagiarism, there has been scant proof about academic
preventive interventions which may immensely relieve it. This study, according to
Mike Perkins, illustrates a higher education English for Academic Purposes (EAP)
curriculum which aims to boost students’ academic work standards whilst also
reducing plagiarism and detecting cases of union contract deception.
Jayavalan (2018) conducted research titled “The Efficacy of an Online
Grammar Checker in Improving SHS Students’ English Narrative Essay Writing”
The purpose of Kalpana’s research is to determine whether a grammar checker
software, like Grammarly, does have any beneficial benefits on students in
secondary school’s writing task. Writing has always been the reason why students
struggle to prosper in exams in the Malaysian context of English language learning
(Chuo, 2004). According to the study’s findings, the grammar checker aids the
exploratory firm’s writing task, particularly in grammatical structure.
The primary objective of Qosayere’s (2015) study titled “The Effect of

Pratama (2021) conducted a study titled “The Investigation of Using
Grammar Correction on Student Writing” was to ascertain regardless of whether
Grammarly as an Online Grammar Checker in the Writing Process”. This qualitative
grammar checker has a positive or negative impact on development of writing.
study employs survey research methodology. According to the findings, students
According to the results of a study, both students and teachers acknowledge the
thought Grammarly could assist their grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
significance of grammar mistake in student’s writing skills. The teacher’s ideas and
Regrettably, a reliable internet connection ir required, and the outcome isn’t always
suggestions were well received.
satisfactory.
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According to Soegiyarto et al., (2022) research titled “The Importance of
Getting Automated Grammar Feedback via Grammarly for Increasing Student’s
English Language Proficiency”, grammarly is an artificial intelligence (AI) tool that
tweaks sentences to alleviate grammar mistakes while also providing readers with
comprehensiveness and ability to engage. According to the findings, grammarly
assisted Indonesian students who did not speak English as a first language in
forming English sentences, learning grammar rules, and improving their overall
writing ability.
According to N.H. Kim’s (2021) research titled “Applying Grammarly as an
Online Grammar Checker Tool to Enhance Writing Skills for English-Major
Students”, writing constitutes one of the two significant fruitful language learning
skills that students require frequent feedback to enhance. According to the research
results, after a three-month course, educators who were urged to use the app as a
proofreader outperformed those who were not.
Sahu, S. (2020) conducted research titled “Evaluating Performance of
Different Grammar Checking Tools.” According to Sahu, there are various online
grammar checkers obtainable. Grammarly had the best overall accuracy. The
study’s findings suggest that automated grammar checking apps have a ton of
According to Patricia Cordoba Cubillo’s (2015) study “The Influence of Grammar
potential to improve.
on English Learner’s Writing Accuracy at the School of Modern Languages”, three
According to Cubillo’s (2015) study “The Influence of Grammar on
B.A. English courses from the School of Modern Languages at the Universi
English Learner’s Writing Accuracy at the School of Modern Languages”, three
B.A. English courses from the School of Modern Languages at the University of
Costa Rica. This study was to determine whether instructional grammar content
assisted students develop one’s writing precision in their first two structure courses.
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research methodology, research instruments,
research process, research respondents, the procedure and ethical considerations
utilized by the researcher in the duration of this research,
Survey method was used in this study which is concerned with the findings
of The Relevance of Online Grammar Checkers and Plagiarism Detectors in
Producing Flawless Writing at Talisay City National High School.
Research Design
The design used in this study is survey method which is under the
descriptive research design. The researcher used the quantitative method for the
treatment of findings in gathering the data of the student. A researcher adopted-
modified questionnaire used as a data collection instrument, and the data were
collected among the HUMSS strand of grade 12 student at Talisay City National
High School in Dumlog, Talisay City, Cebu.
Research Setting
The researchers selected the Talisay City National High School as its
research locale. The study conducted in Talisay City National High School located
at Dumlog, Talisay City, Cebu.

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Figure 2: Research Setting

26
Research Respondents
The respondents of the study are the student in Talisay City National High
School located at Dumlog, Talisay City, Cebu. It has a total population of 173
HUMSS students. In determining the sample size, the researchers used the formula
of Michael Sloven in 1960 which is called the Sloven’s formula. However, the
researchers set a margin of error of 5%. Therefore, there are 120 respondents in this
study.
Research Instrument
A researcher adapted-modified questionnaire was used as the primary
instrument for collecting the information regarding the relevance of online grammar
checkers and plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing. These tools were
greatly help in gathering data that will supply the validity of this research. These
research instrument assessed the level of frequency and agreement of the usefulness
of online grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing
in Dumlog, Talisay City, Cebu. The questionnaire is composed of two parts. The
first part, consist of questions about the utilization of online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors by the senior high HUMSS students. The second part asks
about the level of flawless writing produced by when using the evaluation tools. The
researchers instructed the respondents to indicate the level to which they closely
match to their response. For the level of frequency: with five (5) for Always, (4) for
Usually, (3) for Often, (2) for Sometimes, (1) for Never. For the level of agreement:
with (5) for Strongly Agree, (4) for Agree, (3) for Neither agree nor disagree, (2)
Disagree and lastly (1) for Strongly Disagree.
Data Gathering Procedure
This research was about the relevance of online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing at Talisay City National High

27
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Statistical Treatment of Data
Relevant statistical tool was used to analyze the quantitative data in this
research. Frequency distribution, weighted mean and pearson r correlation were
used to analyze the answer of the respondents at Talisay City National High
School.
Frequency distribution and percentage formula were used to describe the
profile of the respondents pertaining the relevance of online grammar checkers and
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plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing for chosen students in Grade 12
HUMSS strand. Weighted Mean was used to determine the level of utilization of
online grammar checkers and level of flawless writing produced by Grade 12
HUMSS strand.
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bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbhhhhhhhhhhhhh
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The interpretation would be as follow:

Score Response Category Rate Interpretation
1 Strongly Disagree 1.00 – 1.8 The relevance of
online grammar
checkers and
plagiarism detectors
to selected students
is perceived at 20-30
% (very poor)
response.
2 Disagree 1.81 – 2.6 The relevance of
online grammar
checkers and
is perceived at 36.2
– 52 % (poor)
response
3 Neither Agree nor 2.61 – 3.4 The relevance of
Disagree online grammar
checkers and
is perceived at 52.2 -
68% (neutral)
response
4 Agree 3.41 – 4.2 The relevance of
online grammar
checkers and
84% (high) response
5 Strongly Agree 4.21 – 5.0 The relevance of
online grammar
checkers and
100 % (very high)
response
Score Response Category Rate Interpretation
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1 Never 1.00 – 1.8 The relevance of
bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
online grammar
checkers and
is perceived at 20-30
% (lowest) response
2 Sometimes 1.81 – 2.6 The relevance of
online grammar
30
2 Sometimes 1.81 – 2.6 The relevance of
online grammar
bbbbbhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
checkers and
to selected students is
perceived at 36.2 – 52
% (lower) response
3 Often 2.61 – 3.4 The relevance of
online grammar
checkers and
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perceived at 52.2 -68
% (high) response
4 Usually 3.41 – 4.2 The relevance of
online grammar
checkers and
perceived at 68.2 - 84
% (higher) response
5 Always 4.21 – 5.0 The relevance of
online grammar
checkers and
perceived at 84.2 - 10
0 % (highest)
response
Pearson r was used to examine the significant relationship between the level of
utilization of online grammar checkers and the quality of flawless writing as
perceived by Grade 12 HUMSS students.
The value of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (Pearson r)
can be interpreted as follows as suggested by Gorett (1969)
r from .00± .20 denotes indifferent, inverse or negligible relationship
r from ± .21 to ± .40 denotes low but slight relationship
r from ± .41 to ± .70 denotes substantial or marked relationship
r from ± .71 to ± 1.00 denotes high to very high relationship
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Ethical Considerations
Before the study was conducted, the researchers sought permission from the
respondents by asking for their willingness to participate in this research study with
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their full consent. Prior to the interviews and discussions, the participants were
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provided with an information sheet that also indicated the researcher’s mobile
phone. As part of the interview protocol, the participants clearly stated their rights.
Respect for human privacy will be observed during the conduct of interviews and in
the writing of the data. The researchers assure the confidentiality of the responses
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and identities of the participants. Lastly, they were guaranteed that all research
materials would be discarded upon the completion of the study.
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CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter contains the data gathered during the survey conducted, the result of
the statistical analysis done and interpretation of findings. These are presented in
tables following the sequence of the specific research problem.
Table I. Age of the respondents
Age Frequency Percentage
17 35 29%
18 50 41%
19 20 17%
20 14 12%
25 1 1%
The respondents’ ages, which ranged from 17 to 25 years old, are shown
above. Based on the table above, the majority of students who responded to the
research questionnaire about the relevance of online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing were 18 years old with a
frequency of 50 respondents and a percentage of 41%, followed by 17 years old
with a frequency of 35 respondents and a percentage of 29%, 19 years old with a
frequency of 20 respondents and a percentage of 17%, 20 years old with a
frequency of 14 respondents and a percentage of 12%, and lastly, 25 years old with
a frequency of 1 respondent and a percentage of 1%. As per Jayavalan & Razali’s
(2018) study titled Effectiveness of Online Grammar Checker to Increase
Secondary Students’ English Narrative Essay Writing, also says that these online
tools enhance narrative writing skills among secondary students aged 17 and up.
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhha
33
ahhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
Table II. Gender of the respondents
Gender Frequency Percentage
F 66
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh55%
M 54
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh45%
In data gathering, there are 120 respondents who cooperated and needed in
the study. Based on the table above, mostly of the respondents were females with
a frequency of 66 respondents and a percentage of 55% and males with a
frequency of 54 respondents and a percentage of 45%. Previous research has
shown that females are more likely to be workaholics when it comes to writing,
so they can truly pertain to the way these online tools assist them produce
flawless writing. According to H. Yang (2018), males aren’t really motivated to
take worry of their writings due to their desire to finalize their work as soon as
possible, also, males are unwilling to spend additional time checking their
writings using these online tools. However, according to Qosayere’s (2015)
research, these online tools are extremely beneficial to both genders.
34
Table III. Utilization of Online Grammar and Plagiarism Checker
Statement Mean Interpretation
1.) It is requisite to use 4.0 Helpful
these evaluation tools.
2.) It shortens the 4.0 Helpful
proofreading time
between your drafts.
3.) Using these checker 4.0 Helpful
tools will ensure that
your spelling and
grammar are correct.
4.) These tools will 4.0 Helpful
assist you in improving
your writing.
4.0 Helpful
5.) It will only correct
your results according to
context.
Average Weighted Mean 4.0 Helpful
Table III presented the utilization of online grammar and plagiarism checker
to HUMSS students. Based on the table above, the average weighted mean of all
the indicators is 4.0, helpful. The table indicated that 5 out of 5 statements had a
mean of 4.0 and an interpretation of helpful.
It is evident from the findings that HUMSS students usually use online
grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors when they are writing. The students
considered these online tools extremely useful for writing guidance. They use
these online tools to ensure ones grammar and spelling are accurate.
Furthermore, Pratama (2021) asserted in the study titled “The Investigation
of Using Grammarly as an Online Grammar Checker in the Writing Process” that
numerous studies have shown that learners usually choose and use these online
tools as a writing guidance.
35
Besides that, as per Perkins (2020) in his study "Reducing Plagiarism through
Academic Misconduct Education," these online tools are meant to enhance
students' academic work specifications while diminishing plagiarism and detecting
instances of collective bargaining deceit.
Table IV. Level of Flawless Writing
Statement Mean Interpretation
1.) It improves 4.0 Accurate
knowledge of every
individual in English
language by showing
their mistakes and errors.
2.) It reduces the number 3.4 Neither Accurate
of errors that you have to
deal with it at the end.
3.) You can be sure that 4.0 Accurate
you’re not accidentally
stealing someone else’s
work.
4.) It eliminates any 3.4 Neither Accurate
individuals’ confusion
while writing.
5.) It will break down 4.0 Accurate
your content into small
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhghhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
parts and revise it.
Average Weighted Mean 3.76 Accurate
Table IV presented the level of flawless writing to HUMSS students. Based on
the table above, the average weighted mean of all indicators was 3.76, accurate.
The table shown that statement no. 2 and statement #4 falls on 3.4, neither accurate
while statement #1, statement #3 and statement #5 falls on 4.0, accurate.
The results show that not all HUMSS students are particularly enthused by the
idea that these online tools will always result in impeccable writing. However, we
can’t escape the fact that certain students have used these tools to guarantee that
writing is always precise.
36
N.H Kim’s (2021) stated in the study titled “Applying Grammarly as an
Online Grammar Checker Tool to Enhance Writing Skills for English-Major
Students” that these online tools may not always generate ones overall work
hhhhhhhhh
concise; however, it can sometimes enhance a small portion of one’s work.
Furthermore, S. Sahu (2020) stated in the study titled “Evaluating Performance of
Different Grammar Checking Tools” that although these online tools might not
always be accurate, learners could still turn to them for assistance during the process
of writing. In conclusion, Jayavalan (2018) stated in the study titled “The Efficacy
of an Online Grammar Checker in Improving SHS Students’ English Narrative
Essay Writing” that writing is typically the factor that causes learners struggle to
excel in assessments within regard of English language learning, therefore the
grammar checker assists the explorative firm's writing task, particularly in
grammatical structure.
37
Table V. Analysis of the Hypothesis

hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
**Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2 tailed)
FLAWLESS WRITING
LEVEL OF UTILIZATION r =1.000
Utilization to Level of Flawless Writing
The Pearson Correlation Coefficient value of 1.000 confirms what is
apparent from the table, i.e there appears to be a Very High relationship
correlation between the two variables. (r=1.000, n=3, p< 1.000)
Level of utilization has a positive strong relationship towards flawless
writing with r = 1.000 at 0.05 level of significance. There is a significant
relationship between the level of utilization and flawless writing.

38
This could be formally reported as follows:
“A Pearson’s correlation was run to determine the relationship between utilization
and flawless writing. There was a very strong positive correlation between utilization
and flawless writing. (r=0.1.000, n=3, p< 1.000). There is a significant relationship
between the utilization of online grammar and plagiarism checkers and the level of
flawless writing. If indeed the students are enthusiastic the online grammar checker
and plagiarism detectors are beneficial. Aceron, et.al (2021) stated in their study
“Filipino Teachers’ Perspectives on the Effectiveness of Online Grammar Checkers
and Plagiarism Detectors” that the utilization of online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors has a significant relationship with the level of flawless writing
because using online tools or software like grammar checkers and plagiarism
detectors could indeed enhance the students' research and writing skills, style, and
vocabulary. Aside from these, software has been discovered to be more effective and
efficient for convenient verification to grammar clarification and quick locating of
plagiarism because it is only one tap away, as opposed to manual inspection, which
requires more effort and time from the students as well as professors.
39
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presented the results of the analysis of data, summarize the
research findings, provide conclusion, and suggest recommendations for further
assessment of the relevance of grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors in
producing flawless writing. This will provide an avenue to review all necessary
findings.
Summary of Findings
This study discovered the following findings:
Table III. Utilization of Online Grammar and Plagiarism Checker
a.) The HUMSS students frequently use online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors when they are writing.
b.) The HUMSS students considered these online tools extremely useful for
writing guidance.
Table IV. Level of Flawless Writing
a.) The result reveals that some HUMSS students are particularly enthused by
the idea that these online tools will always result in impeccable writing.
b.) However, certain students have used these tools to guarantee that writing is
always precise.
40
Conclusion
Grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors are vital tools for helping students
detect and fix their errors (Japos, 2013). As online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors initiate to impact on the students to use them when writing, it
produces delicate work, saves the students most of their time, and has many
positive reviews; however, it may also earn complaints as these online tools are
not always factual. This study proves the relevance of online grammar checkers
and plagiarism detectors that test the level of flawless writing as well as the
utilization of online grammar and plagiarism checkers.
Problem 1
What is the profile of the respondent in terms of:
1.1) age and gender
Conclusion 1
In the problem 1, the researcher concluded that most students who responded
to the research questionnaire about the relevance of online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors in producing flawless writing were 18 years old with a
frequency of 50 respondents and a percentage of 41%. Additionally, the researcher
also concluded that mostly of the respondents were females with a frequency of 66
respondents and a percentage of 55%
Problem 2
What is the level of utilization of online grammar checkers and plagiarism
detectors by senior high HUMSS students?

41
Conclusion 2
In the problem 2, the researcher concluded that the utilization of online
grammar and plagiarism detectors by senior high HUMSS students has an average
mean of 4.0 which is helpful.
Problem 3
What is the level of flawless writing produced by senior high HUMSS students
when using online grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors?
Conclusion 3
In the problem 3, the researchers conclude that the level of flawless writing
produced by senior high HUMSS students when using online grammar checkers and
plagiarism detectors has an average mean of 3.76 which is accurate.
Problem 4
Is there a significant relationship between the level of utilization of online grammar
checkers and the quality of flawless writing?
Conclusion 4
Therefore, the researchers stated that the result of the study is (r=0.1.000, n=3,
p< 1.000), Accept the Alternative Hypothesis.
According to Jayavalan (2018), today’s students are accustomed to use grammar
checkers and plagiarism detectors when composing their papers. They are not
required to look up that word to ensure that the words they use are appropriate. They
can quickly identify one’s work and make it precise. At last, bear in mind that these
online tools could save more time when writing.
Recommendations
In this part, the researcher’s recommendation about “The Relevance of Online
Grammar Checkers and Plagiarism Detectors in Producing Flawless Writing at

42
References
43
Cubillo, P. C., & Hernández, M. S. (2015). THE INFLUENCE OF GRAMMAR
ON ENGLISH LEARNERS’WRITING ACCURACY AT THE SCHOOL
OF MODERN LANGUAGES. Revista Káñina, 39(2), 107-121.
https://bit.ly/3YT2nHf
Jayavalan, K., Razali, A. B., & Abu, B. (2018). Effectiveness of online grammar
checker to improve secondary students’ English narrative essay.
writing. International Research Journal of Education and Sciences, 2(1), 1-6.
https://bit.ly/41jxA7T
Perkins, M., Gezgin, U. B., & Roe, J. (2020). Reducing plagiarism through
academic misconduct education. International Journal for
Educational Integrity, 16, 1-15.
https://bit.ly/3kidqe3
Pratama, Y. D. (2021). The investigation of using Grammarly as online
grammar checker in the process of writing.
English Ideas: Journal of English Language Education, 1(2).
https://bit.ly/3kieXAP
Qosayere, I. (2015). THE EFFECT OF GRAMMAR CORRECTION
ON STUDENTS’WRITING. International Interdisciplinary
Journal of Education, 4(1), 257-261.
https://bit.ly/3Kqtl4B
44
Sahu, S., Vishwakarma, Y. K., Kori, J., & Thakur, J. S. (2020).
Evaluating performance of different grammar checking tools.
International Journal, 9(2).
https://bit.ly/3ILIHzn
Soegiyarto, M. S., Putri, R. A., & Saputra, S. D. (2022).
The Importance Getting Automated Grammar Feedback via Grammarly,
for Increasing Students’ English Language Proficiency.
https://bit.ly/3IlPYog
Vo, N. H. K., & Nguyen, Q. T. Applying Grammarly as an Online Grammar
Checker Tool to Enhance Writing Skills for English-Major Students. A Survey
on Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Emergency Remote English Teaching, 454.
https://bit.ly/3kl401o
Wang, X., & Zhong, W. (2022). Research and Implementation of English
Grammar Check and Error Correction Based on Deep Learning.
Scientific Programming, 2022, 1-10.
https://bit.ly/3Zc0N2P
Yang, H. (2018). Efficiency of online grammar checker in English
Writing performance and students’ perceptions. 영어학, 18(3), 328-348.
https://bit.ly/3IJ4O9w
CURRICULUM VITAE
45
Name: Julia Marie Estrella
Address: Dumlog, City of Talisay, Cebu
Phone Number: +639565971902
Age: 18
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Academic Achievements and Awards
 Junior High School Completer
 Ranked fourth on the overall batch S.Y. 2020-2021
 Highly commendable performance award in the subject Discipline and Ideas
in the Social Sciences (DISS) during the 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022.
 Part of the COMELEC (2022-2023) as a Grade 12 Commissioner.
 Recognized as WITH HIGH HONOR on the 11th grade S.Y. 2021-2022
 Highly commendable performance award in the subject Disciplines and Ideas
in the Applied Social Sciences (DIASS) during the 1 st Semester S.Y. 2022-
2023.
 Highly commendable performance award in the subject Creative Nonfiction
during the 1st Semester S.Y. 2022-2023
 Recognized as WITH HIGH HONOR during the 1st Semester S.Y. 2022-2023.

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1

Republic of the Philippines

The Relevance of Online Grammar Checkers and Plagiarism

A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School Department

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Inquires, Investigation and Immersion

RALPH P. PESPEÑAN DR. JOANNE M. PAREJAS

Approved by the committee on Peer Review with a grade of _________.

ANNAH JEAN T. NAMOC JAYSON E. CABABAT

ERNESTO T. ACEBRON JR.

DR. BOBBY M. CABANGON

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Inquires,

MR. EAMON U. ALIDO

The Relevance of Online Grammar Checkers and Plagiarism

Julia Marie Estrella

Keywords: determine, inaccuracies, interpretation, grammar, checkers, processor,

accustomed, frequency, percentage, plagiarism

like to express heartfelt gratitude to the following individuals in particular:

To Mr. Ralph P. Pespeñan, our Research Adviser, who compassionately

taught and assisted us in comprehending the complexity of creating this research

complete this study.

More importantly, for their unwavering assistance and encouragement.

I am indeed grateful to my supportive family for their empathy and

Additionally, to my boyfriend, best friends, and classmates who inspire me with

I am grateful to the respondents of this study, the grade 12 Humanities and

Social Sciences students, for your participation in responding to the survey

questionnaires to make this research conceivable.

immensely thankful to those individuals.

Title Page No.

CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Background of the Study

Statement of the Problem

Statement of the Null Hypothesis

Purpose of the Study

Significance of the Study

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Review of Related Literature Foreign

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Data Gathering Procedure

Statistical Treatment of Data

CHAPTER IV: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Presentation and Interpretation of Data

CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Appendix A (Transmittal Letter)

Appendix B (Sample Questionnaire)

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework

Figure 2: Research Setting

Talisay City National High School

Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development

Relevance of online Generating flawless

Figure I: Conceptual Framework

Statement of the Problem

year 2022 – 2023 as basis for proposed utilization plan.

Specifically, it seeks answers to the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondent in terms of:

1.1 age and gender

2. What is the level of utilization of online grammar checkers and plagiarism

detectors by senior high HUMSS students?

when using online grammar checkers and plagiarism detectors?

4. Is there a significant relationship between the level of utilization of online

grammar checkers and the quality of flawless writing?

Statement of the Null Hypothesis

Ho: There is no significant relationship between the use of online grammar