Research Proposal

Evaluation of RC Mega-Column, Tubular System, and

Core Wall System for Tall Building in High Wind and
High Seismic Region

Committee members:
Phal Chanpisith, Prof. Pennung Warnitchai (Chairperson)
Dr. Naveed Anwar (Co-Chairperson)
st119488
Dr. Punchet Thammarak
Dr. Raktipong Sahamitmongkol
December, 2018

1
 Presentation Outline

1 Background and Motivation

2 Literature Review

3 Objective & Scope

4 Methodology

5 Expected Outcomes

2
Background

3
 Background & Motivation
Early application of Mega Column

Pier Luigi Nervi Mechanical floor plan

• Pier Luigi Nervi established a new principle of transferring all

gravity forces to the mega columns, so that it will perform
efficiently under strong wind and earthquake (Collins, 1966).
• Building data: 47 storeys/194m/Office
Place Victoria , Montreal, Canada
Source: wikipedia
4
 Background & Motivation
• In 1972, Fazlur Khan suggested the possible improvement for the future of
structural system of supertall building by moving from multi-columns
concept into the square tower with only four large columns at the
building corners, and put transfer truss for every 20 floors in order to
make the load be transferred to all corner columns (Moon, 2018).

• 4 large arrangement of corner mega columns with X bracing will provide

maximum lateral stiffness (Le Messurier, 1985)

• The system applied to super tall building in China: Goldin Finance 117,
China Zun tower (CTBUH, 2018)

Mega column system

Source: Günel & Ilgin, (2014)

5
 Statement of the Problem
• Rare application of mega column in the
construction of tall building compare
to other structural system (Gu, W. 2015)

• No insightful investigation study on

performance of mega columns system
despite construction of Place Victoria
(Moon, 2018)

Distribution of structural system of building over 200m

Source: MIT Thesis, 2015

6
 Statement of the Problem
Advancement of elevator systems
• The building goes higher, the elevator shafts take 15 Shafts 9 Shafts

more spaces (Daniel, 2007) around 20% to 50% of

floor space (Patrick. B, 2014).

• Modernization from Machines Room Less (MRL)

Regenerate Drive Ultra-Rope TWIN system
Electromagnetic Levitation Technology (ELT).
(Al-Kodmany, 2015) Reduction number of shafts. Source: CTBUH Journal 2014

• TWIN System by ThyssenKrupp can save occupied space 30%. (Patrick. B, 2014).
• Reduction in number of elevator shafts Smaller Core Wall

7
Literature Review

8
Moon,
2018

Development of interior structural system. Source: Moon, 2018

9
Moon,
2018

Development of exterior structural system. Source: Moon, 2018

10
 Review on structural system

Günel &
Ilgin, 2014

Different Behavior Between Frame, Shear wall, Shear frame, Mega Columns
Source: Günel & Ilgin, (2014)

11
 Juney
Lee, 2014 Multi-Core Concept . Source: Juney Lee, MIT 2014

Tyréns,
2014, 2016,
2017

Development of Tubed Mega Frame system. Source: Tyréns

12
 Review on structural system
Study of bracing system

• Identical member size for

case 0 and 2

• Case 3 & 4 member sizes are

Moon, 2 time bigger than 0 & 2
2013 • Same amount of material are
used for all case

• Under wind loading, the

performance of case 0 is the
best

• Top displacement:

76cm, 77.8cm, 78.4cm, 82.2cm

Braced tube of various diagonal configuration
respectively. Source: EA SEC-13

13
 Review on structural system
Study of braced tube
system

• Identical amount of
material were used

• Analysis: wind loading

Moon, SAP2000
2013 • Case 4 has the smallest
lateral displacement
among all.

• Case 4 requires a more

sophisticated gravity
load resisting system
transfer the four corner
mega columns

Study on braced tube structure of various columns configuration

Source: CTBUH Journal 2018
14
 Review on structural system
Study on Exterior structural system

• 90-storey building/ 405m/ AR= 7.5

• Jian long • Story height 4.5m
Jian Long,
• Lian jing
Lian• Jing,
Peng
• Study Parameters
Peng, 2014 Plan efficiency (Alpha M)
Elevation efficiency (Belta M)
Outrigger influence (gamma)

• Analysis: wind loading

Study on different type of exterior structural system

Source: CTBUH Journal 2014
15
 Review on structural system

Jian Long,
Lian Jing,
Peng, 2014

Relative bending stiffness of different plane shapes

Relative bending stiffness of different layout

Coefficient of plan efficiency (Alpha M)

16
 Review on structural system

Jian Long,
Lian Jing,
Peng, 2014
Influence coefficient of elevation layout

Coefficient of elevation efficiency (belta M)

Influence coefficient of elevation shape

17
 Review on structural system

Jian Long,
Lian Jing,
Peng, 2014

18
 Review on structural system
Interior System Exterior System

• No outrigger:
“Braced Mega
Tube or Mega
braced tube
Moon,
• Outrigger:
2018 Mixed System

Concept of Mega Braced Tube & Mixed System.

Source: CTBUH Journal 2018
19
 Review on structural system

Kevin et
al, ARUP
2012

Illustration of Structural System

Source: CTBUH Journal 2012

20
 A Study on China Zun Tower
• Less materials: Scheme (b)
• NLRHA: Performance slightly
the same
• Collapse Analysis:
(b) is better
• Enhanced by embedded steel
Lu et al, at zone 6

2016

2 design schemes of China Zun.

Source: Journal of Tall and Special Buildings

21
 A Study on China Zun Tower

Lu et al,
2016

22
Details of Interior System

Illustration Example of Interior Structural System.

Source: CTBUH Journal

23
Details of Exterior System

Illustration Example of Exterior Structural System.

Source: CTBUH Journal

24
Details of Exterior System

China Zun (Citic Tower) Exterior Structural System.

So rce Ar p Tall B ilding in A ia

25
Structural System

Illustration Example of Exterior Structural System.

Source: CTBUH Journal, 2016

26
SRG Tower

Design Schemes of SRG Tower.

Source: CTBUH Journal

27
 Past Study about Wind and Earthquake on Tall Building

Building information Wind Zones Seismic zones Analysis methods

Topic Result
Height Stru-System L-W M-W H-W L-EQ M-EQ H-EQ Wind EQ
Weak point on shear wall are
Earthquake-induced collapse analysis of Mega RSA,
528m Y identified and strengthened by
supertall building. (Lu et al, 2016) columns NLRHA embedded steel brace.

Effect of wind resistant design on the Compare seismic, wind design

RSA,
seismic design of high-rise building. 122m Core wall Y Y Y SWL demand with true seismic
NLRHA demand of NLRHA
(Thai Hoang, 2011)
Earthquake Resistant Design of High- Compare seismic, wind design
RSA,
rise Buildings in a Moderate Seismic 126.5m Core wall Y Y SWL demand with true seismic
NLRHA demand of NLRHA
Hazard Region, (Rachut, 2013)
Effect of Design Wind Level on the Compare seismic, and different
RC Frame- MRSA, wind level,
Seismic Performance of Tall Buildings 129m Y Y Y Y SWL
Core wall NLRHA Check global, local response
(Silpa, 2017)
Comparative study on seismic desing of RC Frame- Compare performance of Core
RSA,
tall RC frame-core tube in China and 141.8m core-Core Y wall and Frame-core of China and
NLRHA USA code
USA. (Xinzhen et al, 2015) wall

L-W: Low Wind L-EQ: Low Earthquake SWL: Static Wind Load
M-W: Moderate Wind M-EQ: Moderate Earthquake RSA: Response Spectrum Analysis
H-W: High Wind H-EQ: High Earthquake NLRHA: Non-linear Response Histories Analysis

28
 Gaps of literature work

• Mega column system applied in supertall building.

• Moon (2007, 2013, 2014, 2018) are limited to wind loading.

• Moon (2007) suggested more research on exterior structural

system subjected to earthquake loading.

• Jaing Long (2014) are limited to wind loading

29
 Rational for the research

Gap of
1 literature 2 Suggestion from 3 Motivation
previous study

30
Objectives & Scope

31
 Research Objectives
T e al a e he e f ma ce f Mega B aced T be a d Mi ed S em f
the tall building under Wind and Seismic loading.

To compare the performance of Mega Columns System to the conventional

RC Frame-Core Tube System.

To compare the seismic demand of the system between linear and

non-linear analysis

32
 Scope of Study
The scope of the research focus on:

• 2 building of 250m and 300m height.

• 4 mega columns and 8 mega columns

• The study area is located in Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippine.

33
Research Methodology

34
 Building description

Original building Plan 8 Mega Columns 4 Mega Columns

35
 Site Location

Site Location Taguig. Source: Fugro Makirina fault zone. Source: Fugro

36
 Site Characteristic

Seismic Hazard Level of Manila.

Philippine Wind Hazard Map NSCP 2001. (Benito, 2010) Source: thinkhazard.org
37
 Site Characteristic

Response Spectrum Curve. Source: Fugro

38
39
Building Models
The Proposed Models
Model title
Model arrangement
63-storey or 250m
63-1 4-MC with belt truss every 15 storeys
63-2 4-MC with belt truss every 15 storeys + Virtual Outrigger
63-3 8-MC with belt truss every 15 storeys
63-4 8-MC with belt truss every 15 storeys + Outrigger
63-5 Frame-Core wall building
75-storey or 300m
75-1 4-MC with belt truss every 15 storeys
75-2 4-MC with belt truss every 15 storeys + Virtual Outrigger
75-3 8-MC with belt trussevery 15 storeys
75-4 8-MC with belt truss every 15 storeys + Outrigger
75-5 Frame-Core wall building

40
41
Ground Motion for NLRHA

7 Ground Motions from PSHA Report

42
Acceptance Criteria

43
 Expected Outcome
Linear Analysis
Global Response
• Modal responses
• Story displacement/ story drift
• Base shear/ Base moment
• Story shear/ Story moment
Local Response
Design Key components
• Columns
• Coupling Beams/Beams
• Shear walls
Nonlinear Analysis
Global Response
• Modal responses
• Story displacement
• Peak story drift
• Residual story drift
• Base shear/ Base moment
• Story shear/ Story moment
Local Response
Evaluate key components
• Columns rotation
• Coupling Beams rotation
• Shear walls axial strain
44
 Expected Outcome

Structural
Structural Reinforcement
Volume/ Building
Area/ Floor Area Ratio
Volume

• Concrete • Mega Column • Rebar weight/

Volume/Total concrete volume
Volume • Shear wall
• Steel Volume/ • Rebar weight/
Total Volume Floor Area

Structural Efficiency Indicator

Source: Dr. Naveed Anwar, 2018

45
 THANK
FOR YOUR ATTENTION

46