Darlin Espinosa

Javier Santiago
Jose Quezada
Lesson 1 Present continuous with present and future
reference
The present continuous tense is a verb tense used to describe actions that are
ongoing or in progress at the present moment. However, this tense can also be
used to describe future actions or plans. In this essay, we will explore the
present continuous tense in both present and future reference.

Present reference: When we use the present continuous tense to describe

actions in progress at the present moment, we typically use the form
"am/is/are + verb + -ing." For example, "I am writing this essay." In this
sentence, "am writing" is in the present continuous tense, indicating that the
action of writing is currently in progress.

We can also use the present continuous tense to describe ongoing situations or
habits. For example, "She is always talking during class." In this sentence, "is
talking" is in the present continuous tense, indicating that the habit of talking
during class is ongoing.

Future reference: The present continuous tense can also be used to describe
future plans or actions. When we use the present continuous tense in this way,
we typically use the form "am/is/are + verb + -ing" with a future time
reference. For example, "I am meeting my friend for lunch tomorrow." In this
sentence, "am meeting" is in the present continuous tense, indicating that the
future action of meeting for lunch is already planned and in progress.

We can also use the present continuous tense to describe future actions that
are part of a larger plan. For example, "We are flying to New York next week
and then continuing on to Boston." In this sentence, "are flying" is in the
present continuous tense, indicating that the future action of flying is part of a
larger plan that is already in progress.

In conclusion, the present continuous tense can be used to describe ongoing

actions or situations in the present moment, ongoing habits, future plans, and
future actions that are part of a larger plan. Understanding how to use this
tense in both present and future reference is important for effective
communication in both spoken and written English.

Lesson 3 Action verbs and stative verbs

Verbs are an essential part of speech, and they can be divided into two main
categories: action verbs and stative verbs. Understanding the differences
between these two types of verbs is crucial for effective communication in
Darlin Espinosa
Javier Santiago
Jose Quezada
English. In this essay, we will explore the differences between action verbs and
stative verbs.

Action verbs: Action verbs are verbs that describe an action or a physical
movement. These verbs show something that someone does or something that
happens. Examples of action verbs include run, jump, dance, play, and swim.
These verbs are often used in the present continuous tense, as they describe
actions that are happening at the present moment. For example, "He is
running in the park."

Action verbs can also be used in the simple past tense to describe actions that
have already happened. For example, "She danced all night at the party."

Stative verbs: Stative verbs are verbs that describe a state or a condition.
These verbs show something that someone is, has, or feels. Examples of
stative verbs include like, hate, believe, know, and have. These verbs are not
used in the present continuous tense, as they describe a state that is not
ongoing at the present moment. For example, "I know the answer to that
question."

Stative verbs can be used in the simple present tense to describe a state that
is ongoing or habitual. For example, "I have a cat" or "She believes in ghosts."

It's important to note that some verbs can be both action verbs and stative
verbs, depending on how they are used in a sentence. For example, the verb
"see" can be an action verb when it describes a physical action, such as "I see
the bird flying in the sky," but it can also be a stative verb when it describes a
state of perception, such as "I see what you mean."

In conclusion, understanding the differences between action verbs and stative

verbs is essential for effective communication in English. Action verbs describe
physical actions or movements, while stative verbs describe a state or
condition. While some verbs can be both action verbs and stative verbs,
knowing how to use them correctly in a sentence is crucial for clear and
concise communication.