Introduction

By introducing the present work we are going to talk about verb tenses and their definition and
modes, Verb tenses indicate when the action described by the verb takes place. If the action
occurs before speech, the verb is in the past (or past tense); if it happens at the moment of
enunciation, it is in the present; and if it takes place at a later time than the speech, it is in the
future.

Verb tenses are classified as simple or compound. They are inserted in the verbal modes, which
are the different forms of the verb to indicate the ways in which a fact takes place and to finish
we talk about Past perfect tense indicative

The past perfect tense of the indicative indicates an ongoing action in the past that extends into
the present. In it, we have the auxiliary verb conjugated in the present tense and the main verb,
in the participle.
Verbal Modes

We call verbal modes the attitudes expressed at the time of speech or writing. They are
classified in indicative mood, subjunctive mood and imperative mood.

Verb moods are classified into: indicative mood, subjunctive mood and indicative mood

Verb moods are classified into: indicative mood, subjunctive mood and indicative mood

Verbal modes are related to the study of verbs, a variable word class that supports inflection of
number (singular and plural), person (first, second and third), tense (present, past and future),
voice (active, passive and reflexive). ) and mood (indicative, subjunctive and imperative).

Verbal modes are related to the attitudes of those who speak or write, expressing the speaker's
position in relation to a verbal position.

Thanks to the verbal modes, the enunciator can explain intentions and value judgments.

Indicative mode:

It is used when the speaker's attitude reveals itself to be that fact about which something real,
true is written or spoken:

I work in the company's office.

The mother made beautiful dresses to supplement the family income.

The train left the station at three o'clock on Sunday afternoon.

The indicative mood has the following verb tenses:

 Gift;
 Perfect tense;
 Imperfect tense;
 pluperfect past tense;
 Future of the present;
  Future of the past.

subjunctive mood:

It is used when the attitude of the utterance reveals emotional content that expresses ideas of
doubt or discussion:

Don't stop now... There's more after the publicity ;)

If all goes well, we'll travel on Friday afternoon.

Maybe I'll go to the school party.

The subjunctive mood has the following verb tenses:

 Gift;
 Imperfect tense;
 Future.

Imperative mode:

It is used when the attitude of the utterance expresses the idea of order or request:

Please behave at school!

The imperative mood, unlike what happens with the other verbal moods, is indeterminate in
relation to time. Because it is an order or request, it is inferred that the action processed in the
future. It does not have the 1st person singular nor the 3rd person, the representation is made
by the pronoun you. It has two different forms:

Affirmative imperative;

Don't say anything to my parents!

Negative imperative.
Get home early.

Verb tenses (present, past and future) indicate when the action, state or phenomenon
expressed by the verb occurs, in short:

Present - not only indicates the current moment, but regular actions or permanent situations.
Examples:

I take medication.

I am here!

There, it snows a lot.

Past tense - indicates previous, elapsed or finished moments.

Examples:

Did they really do that?

I didn't believe what my eyes saw.

It thundered all night!

Future - indicates events that will take place.

Examples:

I'll sleep all day if I have to.

It will wind during the day.

The verb tenses (present, past and future) join the verbal moods (indicative, subjunctive and
imperative) to indicate how the actions, states or phenomena expressed by the verb occur.

The indicative mood expresses certainties. Example: The student understood.

The subjunctive mood expresses desires and possibilities. Example: I hope the student
understands.
The imperative mood expresses orders, requests.

Example: Please understand!

Indicative mood tenses

The indicative tenses are: present, past tense (perfect, imperfect and pluperfect past), future
(present and past tense).

Gift

The present indicative expresses an action at the present time.

Example:

I read the newspaper every morning.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the present tense: (I) read, (you) read, (he) read, (we) read,
(you) read, (they) read.

Past

The past tense indicates past and, in the indicative mood, it is used for finished situations, for
unfinished situations or for situations prior to others already in the past.

Thus, there are three types of past tense: past perfect, imperfect, and pluperfect.

1. Past perfect - the past perfect tense expresses a completed action.

Example:

But yesterday I didn't read the newspaper.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the perfect tense: (I) read, (you) read, (he) read, (we) read,
(you) read, (they) read.
2. Imperfect preterit - the imperfect preterite tense of the indicative expresses an action prior
to the present, but not yet completed.

Example:

Before, I didn't read any type of publication.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the imperfect tense of the indicative: (eu) lia, (tu) lias, (he)
lia, (we) read, (you) read, (they) read.

3. Past perfect tense - the past perfect tense expresses an action prior to another already
completed.

Example:

When I left for work, I had already read today's paper.

This tense is in disuse, but although it is not used, it is important to know it. It is more common
to combine two or more verbs that convey the same meaning. Example: When I left for work, I
had already read today's newspaper.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the past perfect tense: (I) read, (you) read, (he) read, (we)
read, (you) read, (they) read.

Future

The future indicates something that will happen and, in the indicative mood, it is used for
situations that will happen after the moment we speak or for situations that would happen if
they were not interrupted by a past situation.

1. Future of the present - the future of the present expresses an action that will take place.

Example:

Tomorrow I will read the newspaper at lunchtime.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the present tense: (I) will read, (you) will read, (he) will read,
(we) will read, (you) will read, (they) will read.

2. Future tense - the future tense expresses a future action in relation to another already
concluded.

Example: I would read more if there was (or if there had been) time.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the future tense: (I) read, (you) read, (he) read, (we) read,
(you) read, (they) read.

Subjunctive mood tenses

The subjunctive tenses are: present, past (imperfect) and future.

Gift

The present subjunctive expresses an action at the present time that is uncertain or doubtful.

Example: Let them read!

Conjugation of the verb to read in the future subjunctive: (that I) read, (that you) read, (that he)
read, (that we) read, (that you) read, (that they) read.

Past

The imperfect subjunctive expresses a verb in the past dependent on an action that has also
already passed.

Example: If they read it, they would be informed.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the imperfect subjunctive tense: (se eu) reade, (se tu) reades,
(se he) reade, (se we) read, (if you) read, (se they) read.

Future

The future subjunctive expresses an action that will take place depending on another future
action.
Example:

When they read it they will be informed.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the future subjunctive: (when I) read, (when you) read,
(when he) read, (when we) read, (when you) read, (when they) read.

Read also: Imperfect indicative and subjunctive tense

Imperative mood tenses

The imperative mood is present only in the present, and can be affirmative or negative.

Affirmative imperative mood

The affirmative imperative expresses an order in the positive form.

Example:

I'm tired. He read the report.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the affirmative imperative: read (you), read (you), read (us),
read (you), read (you).

Negative imperative mood

The negative imperative expresses a command in the negative form. Example:

We need a natural presentation. Don't read him the work.

Conjugation of the verb to read in the negative imperative: don't read (you), don't read (you),
don't read (us), don't read (you), don't read (you).

Conjugation of the verb Read

The verb ler is an irregular verb that belongs to the 2nd conjugation. Let's see its conjugation in
all the moods and tenses studied above:

Present tense: (I) read, (you) read, (he) read, (we) read, (you) read, (they) read.
Perfect tense: (I) read, (you) read, (he) read, (we) read, (you) read, (they) read.

Imperfect tense of the indicative: (eu) lia, (you) lias, (he) lia, (we) lia, (you) read, (they) read.

Past perfect tense: (I) read, (you) read, (he) read, (we) read, (you) read, (they) read

Future tense: (I) will read, (you) will read, (he) will read, (we) will read, (you) will read, (they)
will read.

Future tense: (I) would read, (you) would read, (he) would read, (we) would read, (you) would
read, (they) would read.

Present subjunctive: (that I) read, (that you) read, (that he) read, (that we) read, (that you)
read, (that they) read.

Imperfect subjunctive tense: (if I) read, (if you) read, (if he) read, (if we) read, (if you) read, (if
they) read.

Future subjunctive: (when I) read, (when you) read, (when he) read, (when we) read, (when
you) read, (when they) read.

Affirmative imperative: read (you), read (you), read (we), read (you), read (you).

Negative imperative: do not read (you), do not read (you), do not read (we), do not read (you),
do not read (you).

Note that in the affirmative and negative imperatives, the 1st person singular (I) is not
conjugated, since we do not give orders to ourselves.

Simple and Compound tenses

Simple tenses and compound tenses are the way verbs express action, state, change of state or
phenomenon of nature.

If they are expressed by only one verb they are simple tenses, but if they are expressed by a
combination of verbs they are compound tenses.
Examples:

I will read the book until sleep comes. (single tense)

I would have read the book, but sleep came. (compound tense)

Conclusion

At the end of this work we talk about verbal modes, Tense, definition, types simple present tense where
Verb tenses are classified as simple or compound. They are inserted in the verbal moods, which are the
different forms of the verb to indicate the ways in which a fact takes place, and we are able to conjugate
the verbs and verbal moods in the words
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