> mexHuYeckaA scmemuUKamexHuyeckan scmemuKa VIH@OPMAUMOHHEIA BIONIETEHE Ton wananna 16-4 BCECOIO3HOTO HAYYHO-MCCHIEAOBATESILCKOTO HHCTHTYTA, Neral) TEXHMYECKOR SCTETAKK TOCYAAPCTBEHHOFO KOMMTETA CCCP MO HAYKE H TEXHHKE Thaswuid peaaxrop BHOMEPE: 10. B. COMOBLEB SLICTABKN, KOH@EPEHUMH, COBELIAHHS 4, Buicranca «fwaain 2 CCCP» © Date UNEHbI PEAAKUMOHHOR KOMMErHH ©. K. AHTOHOS, B.B, ALUMK, B.H. BbIKOB, F. Jl. DEMOC@EHOBA, J. A KADOBA, 8, 11. 3HHUEHKO, a. H. YKVH, a@eccop, va0a. wexycers 1.5. MMHEPBHH, B. M. MYHHINOB, A. 1. OPOB, mpopeccop, Kai, 2KoNONNNeCONE Hye, 10. B. CEMEHOR, tel Ere saertte ve C. 0. XAH-MATOMEIOB, EB, YEPHEBHY, Pasnensi seay": B. P. APOHOB, sana, @nnocomenen Haye, E. H. BRADBINHHA, A.J. BMKYP, ‘A. 8. MOMOBCKAS, 10. 1. @ANEHKOS, J. D, YAAHOBA, 2. H. WENKYHOB Bam, rnaskoro penaxropa 2K. B. DEAOCEEBA Omerernenseii cexperape H. A, LUYEA Pegawroper TT), EBAHOBA, B.A. KASIMBIKOB, C. A. CAMBBECTPOBA Xyponenin B. 9. YEPHHEBCKMA Xynomectsennei penaktop Jl, B. DEHACEHKO Texnnuecksi pegaxrop B. M. SEMbMAHOBHY Koppexrop H. MO KEBENEBA Ap ec: 129223, Moccaa, BHMITS, penanuun Gronnerens sTexnnsocten aererntan, 1819919. cnpenox: 181-34-95, pee ae Sat et esoREReG ea ‘Serermcn, 1979. nangun 22. A 4. Ar Buennane-78 8 BHO 10. J. MAPHEHBAX, JI. A. KYSbMM4EB, A. C. OMbLUAHELIKAR, B. 1. APAMOB Oxpacka astomoBune moToUnKnoS oneparmsnnix cay 10. K. CEMEHOB POEKTH M HOAERHA Sa paseNon Toprossie asromarsi 3a pySemom. Ucro- ka K sB0mo\WR opm RPOBREMBI H_HCCHEROBAHHA 14, A. A. ASPHKAH Topon kak oSvexr auaaina 13, H. 8. TYPKHHA percHonna Bepepext Tpenmposkn onosnanna pase Henk anbasnros apuTensisie cTAMynos 16. 3. 8. HBAHOB, C. H. MANO®EEBA, 3. B. MALUKOSCKA, B. 5. SETEMb- MAH @yavonormveckax ouenKa yqoBersa nocaaka BORMTENA TAKEROFO. MOTO umene eet 18, B Uenrpe rexnmieckos serermin 19, Ha npo6nemtom cemnnape 20, Hosocrn HKCHA 24, Haysno-npaxrawecknit commuap 9 Syne 24, Yaratensckas Kondepenunn a enwne rpane 2POHHKA 24. fees 26, Pyxnan eAHockopoeriaa apent fee marron yea g Slonara ana asrorypnera HOROCTH SAPYBEKHOR TEXHHKM 27. PEDEPATABHAS HH@OPMALIE 28, Npoekrnposanne saanni ¢ yuerom no- rpeGuoctel Higaninon aye |. Mpennn Sprrancxare Cosera no. ke 30: Tiny 2011970 ron Conntrepro-rextnsocite ent reneiireee secon (ort) Yerpotcreo ans axersisanna usoannn; won Konscas 8 esro6ye (CLA) Gorosnnaper «3ucypan (OFT) Anroamtecksi Tecrep ‘© npwcrasvok (or) Ulranrenunpnyne ¢ memponpoueccopon (clliay kaGnne 3 OGnomna xynomnnca B. 9. UEPHMIEBCKOTO ®oro BM. KOCTBINEBA Chana» waSop 9X78 f. Moan. «neu Biaitsa” er raaai7, Dopuar Gove mm AOvnes, m, 612 yaaa, Tipane 28 650 auc Danas 4382 Mocxoscaan tenarpetes Ne 5 Cowsnemmrpasnporn nps Toca Nouere CCCP na ena aaa pti orc apo1 BbICTABKA «f[M3AMH B CCCP» B on STFPSO- B cenra6pe—oxrs6pe 1978 rona » Xenbcuukn npoxcanna cneunannan- Ponanian abicraeKa «flwaalin a CCCP», Oprannaceaiias BeecoloaHuim HaysHo~ ECE AOBATENLCKHM HNETHTYTOM TEXHH- ecko acrerain 4 lomom coBercKor kynarypsi H Haykn 8 Xenwennicn, Opranwaaropsi 3KenoaKuh craBM= ‘nw cB00H Yensio pacckasaTe cuncKwm cneunanneram 4 scem nocerwrensm abicraskn © conerckom quaahie, o2H- KOMMTe € ero ROCTHMEHHEMH H NepC ekrweamoe paasnrns Chaaninrensno neConwan ebicra: nowian nnowaas o6ycnosHna opm Posanne aKcnoaMyNOnKOrO | MaTepHa- na, oui6op >KcnoHaros, nocrpoeme Komnoanuan sbicranicn Conepmavinem sbictaan crana ca Ma femensiocts ayaainepa, KoHye! yanbiule ycranosKn coserckore a) aoa, meToAb xyAOKECTBeHHOrO KO! crpynpouarna, coTpyaumuecrso Asai fepos ¢ ApyTHMM. cheynanncTamn. ‘Ancraeibim CpeAcTBOM packPEITAs conepmaninn abicrasky saunock ayaHo- sxayansHoe nonwakpanoe apennule, Pacckesbisaiowee 06 oprannsaynn AH: aahnepeKor cny6si a CCCP, 0 pabo- Te NeKOTOpsix xynomecTueNHo-KONCT- Pykropekwx rpynn, © Haulek crpane, 2c nionax, 3THm IMouNONANEEIM ape: Tmwem orKpsiancs BBoqHKit pasgen B ochosHom paggene packpsina: ace Konuentyanknaa nporpamma com TeKoro xYAOMECTBEHHOFO KOHCIPY- PoBaHis, AemoHcTpHpowanvich —naryp~ ele aKchowaTst —cpeacrsa Tpaxcnop- 1a, crank, GsiTonan pazwo- mW rene- annaparypa, KavomororexnnKa, GuiTo- ule anekrponpuBopui, nocyad, wack, urpyuikn, Mlokaa 2KenoHaroa Buin AO: Ronen AMAaKTHueCKHiK marepwanami, ororpadnamn, cxemann, NOACHRIO- iw MeTOAMKY NpoeKTHpoBanMs, Gop Ausaiinepcnoro pewenna. B mer: awueckwx marepnanax Gwinn orpane- Mel TaIoKe AocTIOKeHAR 8 oBnactH He- cnenosanni no sproomute. Ha TopkecraeHiom OTKpbITH Bhi crank —npucyrersosann Tipeauaent HnaMackon pecny6nnkH Ypxo Kane- sa Kexxohen, conerink Moconscraa CCCP's Daninanann M.A. Mypnincon anperrop flomaconercxoi eynsry- par w. wayan 8 Xemscnnion B. H. Sleo- oe, aupertop BHHMMTS 10. 6. Conon Gn, seayuine auaainepus imnmnnvn Tr'Copnenens, ‘A. Mercaseape aps npencronsrenn npomuiunenmaik KPY. ron nec venfipeannert Ypxo Kexconen ocra: Ae Hoe jgsten aon oro 06 nGahliin’ $Eppaane nomenarme ye Wedd WeerabRS H pesnmnne cover. cKo-buickoro corpyannvectea Buicraska «ffwaain 8 CCCP» 8 Xenscnnky, pa6oraauiaz 2 Tevenne Tpex Hegens, abizsana muorouncnen: Hele orknHKH = npecce H Bonbwlol HH Tepec nocermrenei ROME nse rinse Pate eee HNSAHDMUM eur Dunaanauu Ypxo Kasc0a ». BHHHT,seblaibdECKAR 3crETHKA, BO MMS JIPYKBbI WY KYSIbTYPHOTO COTPYQHMYECTBA Peus conernnka Moconscrsa CCCP & @uunanann M. A. MypHnKona Yaanaensit rocnogun Mpesnaentt Veamaemuie mame: 4 rocnoae! Doporne apyaval! : Cerogua snecs, © Alome coserckon nynerys wayku, STHpbIBAeTCR bin craska coserckore qwaanna. Ans ac Goneuian veers, 10 Bb1, rocnoaAH Tpe- SMReHT, Haluny BOaMOMHOCTe M BPEMR yuacre: = orkpsiTan 210 aKcnon ann Bucranka onpueaerca suaneno- rensnoe ana CEP». unnannna spe. a B stem roAy naponul nau c7paM Crmensior 30-neme, nonnncainin fovope © ApymGe,_corpyarnuect sannnof “nomouin MeMAy a rocyaaperasnin Hertmeren yauwowanknen nonwri- xa, newnncwna Alexper © npenocrasne- ti Cusnananie weseencimocr er St” nexa6pn 1917 rope sanowinn oc: Host! ApYm6U. meMny Heli Napo- fener, noropan Saanpyerea wwe Ha Resuiénenom dywnamenre Horosepa 0 apye6e, corpynmmectae H_sseriion Monou. eno noanneerine store forovopa nossonvno crpowrs. nonin. Neceney axononsueciie.n KyneTyprie crnowenva eux erpan & AYX®, ABYM- Ga compysmmiecres, Koropue crone Yeneuno [pasenamiorca ® HOUMA oper apyseal Spyano nepeouennms pone wyneryp- word omens 8 ynyuulenno B30HKONO- vinwann ABYM6b! MEMRY NepORBIK Buicranva ‘coserekoro” anaofina, Npoto- autea & hnnanpun snepavie. Bebe Miaysnorrenumueckora "nporpecea dats npnoBpereer ecoboe anavewiie# iene oveiuienna Xevectea npomui- fennod nponyiaun, xynetyps, NpOMs- toncrea coanennn Wennyulns yeno- Si ana pyaa orgie, Tipencieonenien saueny simmer Miners oH Gonvuoh pabors KoTopyio nporoaar_mnorouenenreie‘oprannaa- ian aymowecreennore KoncTpypone- Mia 8 Comer pesnwentts Orpacnix neo MatunowmocrH: Ocobce Binimanne Sercun suasinepos o6pauieno » ne- Cronijes spenn na 1afaum nonsidienn Kavectea ronepos nepoquor® norpes- Veneumo pessusaiorca onan cosercxe cine auaetinepon. Bul rasxe Teopuectoa Tmo. Capnaveso, npoxoneuien. 8. HecKoniox ropOAeK Coserenoro Covoss, nmene, Goneuoh e podaasicne poe wre cep Jromspure uncut COIs WitsdRBUEPEO Memon acon nam eoroiadsnanstase puaavepe Tame Capnanesa 2a to yuactue H nomou, KoToptie onm oKazann Ham NPM Opra Wiaauwn Hacronuer sbicraski. Paspewnre suipazuTe Hanexay, 470 esicraska npeactasht wiTepec | ans cpuniconk cneunanncros M obwecrseH ¢7la HA S3bIKE, OBLUEM [NIA BCEX Peub dpuuckoro qyzahiepa, npodecco- pa Tawo Capnanesa, novetHoro RoKto- pa avsaiwa Koponescxore Konneaxa nenycers BennwoSprrannn (novaracres 8 coxpauernn) Focnoamn Mpesnaent! Focnoaun nocon! Yeamaemum —aypextop BHAMTS, Apeangent MexayaponHoro conera ebujects no xyAomectseHHOMy KOHCT- Pynponannio! Yeanaembie rocralsTEXHMMECKAR SCTETHKAS, 1979, NO 1 | ie Ha nacromwer Momno Gea npeysennuexna ch ere, To Haw cTpemnenna Hanpar ReHLL Ha 10, u1o6 Coanate ha AMSA) He Oui Ans Bcex AabIK— ADI, KO- Toph nonaTeH acem MOAAM, ace Naponam Hc NoMOWIKIO KOTOpOrO OHH moryr o6uarecs. Yenonexy 6nusKo a Aoporo npex- ge acero To, ro ero nosceaHesHo ‘oxpyxaer, ero 6yanwunuie wena, npeA- ete, ¢ KOTOPLIMH OK @KERHESHO crankwsaercs. 314 npeAMeTa! He MON Nat —onn ropopar ¢ wenoBeKom, on Pacckaswieaior emy, @ KAKOM MME On mwBer, 8 xOpoUIeM HAH NAOXOM. CAMWKOM MHOTHX mOReK BP) ko —xonogiaa crans, bopma KoTopoK Paccunrana na y6nicrso. Sta copma Tome FOBOpHT Ha AaKIKe, KOTOPHIA Ace NowAMaIoT, HO KOTOpHI pacnpoctpaHa- er Ne myApocts, @ MeHaSMcTe Ta xe crans mOMeT 6hiTk nepe- nasnena ans wsrovosnenus gomaul- elt yreapn, popma Koropok 6yaer o6paularica Kk enoneKy nackono, »H3- NeyTeeprqaiowe. HasHavenne y >rKx Aomaunvx seer — ByaHnuHoe, 210 — cama ronan, WO weneHN@ NO2TOMRY OH ommne: GuiTh Kpacnabimn, co2AeHHE! tan ¢ moGossio, npeanasnayennbinn Ana wcnonsaoeaning c moGoaKio. Mostony ney Npegeasnsence anaainepy, — 90 npe- Rawocts, nioBosk x ceoei npopec- cum. Kpome toro, ox Aommen coon DNTYSNG3MOM —_BAOXHOBAATE — MHOTHX Apyrnx mogeK, vepes pykn Koropsl wanenna nepexoast x norpe6urenio. Bee onm Aonmns Hay4nthca BepHTe wanenne, mo6rrs ero. Xopowo, ecnn PaGownk wyacrayer yaoanersopenne, ahaa, ur om genaer goBporHoe, KPa cnsoe, yAc6Hoe Mamenne, Koropoe AprHocHT 8 20m panocte, nomoraer nioaam 0 srry 4 8 pabore. Vcnomays paaymnbie, xpacnanie, Fapmonmuneie 4 npaKriainbie npeAme- Thi, Wenoaex craonyrcn cnoKomHee, On uuyacrayer cea ® Gesonacnocrn, yen nusaerca ero sepa s Gyayuiee. Bce 2To—ochosnsie —npeanoceinkn ana manpa. Musarnepcnne pykn gonmr Neyrommmo paorate Ana 210K Bax- HeAWen Gopmsi xHaKH, ANA MAPA. Bro crom sennkan sanaua, To ee Wensae sa6sieaTe faxe 8 orhoweNHH camoro manenskoro npeamera, Heob- XORWMO, WTOBLI MBI aTy HeTHHY OB HO Pywoann sceraa w see —TaK, KaK ham 210 ReMONCTPKPyIOT _HaAeNHR, "WAKE. A Hexpacosa PF elpctrpnexrazovee.ry eed: Dipethenras: oesiinaiinn nporxres wanenna 10. 31. MAPHEHBAX, kana. Texwnvecknx Hay, BHAMH aw, TA. KY3bMMUEB, ‘A. C. ONBLIAHELIKHA, B. Vi. APAMOB, xyRomnncn-KoncrpyKropsi, BHMMTS OKPACKA ABTOMOBMNEK MW MOTOLUMKIOB ONEPATMBHbIX CSIYKE Tlonsink aecrx onpenenennyio cneremy 8 okpacky rex MAK MHbIX cpencts o6wectseioro i cnysKe6Ho- FO Tpancnopra npeanpHNnmanncs aas- HOH MMeIOT ceo!D HcTOpHIo. MasecTia, NanpHMep, TPaAMUKOHHeN OKpacka, pmcywias KenesHoAopOmHOMy, TOPOA- CKOMY H PaanAMuHbiM BHAaM cheUKans- nor Tpanenopra, C yrenwuenem unc- ReHHOCTH paclipennen THnana Tpancnoprisix cpeacta nosHMKna no- tpe6Hocrs —» yconepuencraonany cywectsyiouinx xem OKpackH #8 PaspaGorke Ha HaywHo ochone HoBbiK [xem OKPackh tpaHcnopra, B wactnoctn, Bcecotoansim Hayuno- wecneRoBarerecim HHCTHTYTOM TExKH econ acretaKn 8 1964—1965 ronax Gwina_nposenena paspaborka ysero- Fpacpuweckux exem OKpackn axpoApoM- Hux cpeacre rpakcnopra «Aspocpnoran, koropan sasepuimnace auinycKom com orsercrayiowe orpacnesoh Hopmann, B 19681969 rogax Guina_paspa6o- Tana cHcTema oKpackn Ana Tpaxcnopr- Hehe Cpemcrs mannuni, aacbdukenponait- hax 8 orpacnenow "wopmann MBA uOxpacka onosHagarensiuie aHaKn eneunansneix aaromobunek 4 moToUNK nos». Bunk raKme peuienst Gonee Macrnbie yBerorpadndecine saqavin: oxpacka asromo6unel-raKen, counewen- Horo Tponnei6yca H Ap. Tlocne 1970 rona, ¢ nyckom Bon cxoro astosaoga * ysennvennem hyeka aeromoGunes wa Apyrnx 3a60- fax, crana Gsictpo pacth murencha- HOCT ABWKeHHA Ha AopOraX crpab MB nepryio ovepeat —nnorwocte TpaHenoprHilx noToKoe Ha ropoAcenx marncrpanax. U)poxoe pacnpocrpa- nenne nonysina oKpacka asromoGunek 2 spkne, HacbiMeHtie Ye Borex yent ‘pancnoprisie epegcraa onepatnansix cayn6, oKpa- lleHHsle OAHOTOHHO @ now rpaAKuM- OWMMIe KueTa, OKBANHCS TPYAHO ONO- aHasaembimy. Oprannaaune Ana Hx GecnpensrcrsenHoro npoesma x mecty onepaTMsHoro smewatenscrea craHo- eknack aarpyannrensnon, Bosrinna Neo6xomumocts nepepabork usero- Fpacpnweckmx Cem OKPACKH 9THX Ma UMMC Yeni NOBBWeHKR Hx aamer- B 1972—1974 ropax 21a pa6ora 6ui- na _nposegena so BHMMTS "Kak uacre PaspaGoren npoekra TOCTa «Tpan- enoprnsie cpeactaa —oneparnanbix cnym6. Oxpacka, onosnasarenbivie anon, cneunannitie cacroasie kosbie carnanui. Texxnyeckne 1pe60- naxna»!. PaGora 6uina skinonnena na " Copsapatorwie — GHAMHuow roceran= ‘napre CCC, yponve _xyRomecteeno-xonerpykrop- koro npoexra, Ha srane npeanpooit- wiki neenogosaniit Guin wayuon 8 sae Crwoerm, s8pyGencwin onvin 3a. pyGe- wom n resenne nocneginx S10. net Guno " nposeneno. ecxonexo paGor noabiweHne aurea astomo6unei flowapnoH oXpansi'm ckopoh nOMOU B Anrnv 0 CLA nponopnce cen Npeanoneko sanenims Tpannxonnaih ikpachaih ner onpacky nomapheix 2 TomoGunel mumonno-mentein, B pARe pms. 8 OPT nposonwaner ons fo” anenenio ‘oxpacky noxcapr srowobnnes, m pononnenne.W. xpac- omy, anewentos, Senora. users, 2 Tome no onpacie aeromobunen @nc- opecuupynowien xpacton xKpackon Bui Wenme peawepon Gens snemerton OGuiemy Kpachomy ony 4 onpenene- wat mecta’ wx pacnonomenuia Bunn shecenss cootseretayioune wanienenin 3 crannapr a oxpacky ‘monapnure anronobunen (DIN 14502). @moopecie. pyrowes Kpacnan Kpacka pana. exe Gonsuni epderr, ocoBerno CTOs 3pennn noswienin senernoctH a Tem Woe pena eyrox, rorka oOo Kpachan npaces sooGuye. spmreneuo Yipawwnoer cow act. OnvaKo noun. omepanocmn ‘nioopecupyouen Kpe nnyaragin. 8 oxpacke onvomobwnel exopom noMouse 90. pySeMom 8 no Enenwee spemn nabmoneercn axrusnoe Npwmenenne, napaay ¢ TpoaMsnonnnin Genvim, wpecnoro. sera trom nm B ockony naysnon paspaGorin yne- Torpagisecen exem OKpacii Tpan- Enoprisie epeners — oneparsan carn Y ae Guinn ronenera aane onan 8 370% oGnactn. Caorera sera m xepacrep usero- rpagmueckow cxenn Aone! obecne- oxpaci — curnanbHocte — (3amerHocts) — cnoiicrao, enocoBerayioujee. npne owe tito wenponssonsnoro, p Henoprion. noToKe: enoco6crayrouee, Guicrpomy onpe) Bui6op ueeros mmx coverannl nposoawncs To,” sroGs: oBecnowne HewSomulyro nanswocre enanmoctn SGrerros na peamwuneik. onax m8 taonmoneiicrane © @opmon oxpaulen Tho. waeounen _oreuecraenuim Aavinsin, wanBonsiwed panewocreo Shaumocra na Tanoaux npHponmen Foponenix gover (cepon,, senevom, ronyéon Rp.) oGnaAavor Kpacnnin, Docetaiasl mene nak n eeiamen4 all 1, acrospapuuecnan exena oxpacku cayx6, paspaborannax BHHUTS i yeranoeacnnan oasis OCT ox: 4, 6 —auauuu; e-— norapnot 1 ascpuitnor cayrc6o konraxrxot ¢-— aoenusupooansere (c_coorercrayrouymmn korkpeTHbimn Konopnmerpiwecknma xapaKtepHcrAKa- man). Yenomeueckoe 2penne HaxGonee Uyserenrentio no oTHoUleHMIo K Yee yam sgento-eneHoH wacTH cneKrpa. Vimeo no 270h npyunne Ana chr HanbHoR okpacky onepaTHeHbIx MaUIHH ace waule BhiGapaeten MHmonio-Ken- Thi User, TaIoKe xopoWO BMAWMEIA Ha Foponckmx onax Idibexrmanocrs nocnpwatHa cHrHansHoro useTa OB! laeren nph ero coverann ¢ aonon- HuTenSHbIM nx KOHTpACTHPYIOU\HM NO apkoctH axpomarnuecicum (WepHBIM nk Gentix) YseroM. Aansieruiee noasmenne curvan hocth oKpackn moner Grit nonyueno Gnarczapa npmmenenmo eo6uNnbix serorpadauecknx cxem (HanpHMep, ¢ Beprhvankubim wneHeHnem, ¢ npAMe- WenMEM UBeTORIX nsTeH HEOMMAaHHOH opus 4 t. A). OnneKo onosnasae- mocts o6seKra NpH 210M Gyner 8 TO kn WHO mepe yxyauieHa (2d>eKr Kamyepnaoxa), Kpome Toro, apKan, nar. nwcran oxpacka yromnaet speline 2arpyatiaer anytpernior KOOPANHaUHIO 8 Tpancnopriom noroKe, a 3Ha¥AT, — cnwKaet: Gesonactocrs. Mostomy, Mc- XOAR Ha xapaktepa chyx6s! AanHoro spacnoprioro cpeacraa, wacrorsi AponomixTensHocTh ero. npeSwinanvn 8 TpaxcnoprHom noToKe, HeoBxonKMe Guino shiGpare Takyio UseTorpadyNe- cxyio ckemy ero OKpacks, KoTopaa oGecnewnsana 641 npecbnazanne nep- oro unm Broporo cBolicrsa HM Heo6- XOAWMuIA KomnPOMHce meKAY HAMM. Bueno oneparnsHaix cayx6, Ko- yopsie oxearsisanyce pespabaruinae- muim TOCTOm, exoannn: mAnMuAR, NO- Deapnan Oxpana, cKOpAR MEAMUHHCKaR Tomowe, asapwiinan rasosan caym6a, asapninan cnym6a KORTaKTHOR sneKT- pocer 4 sOeHwaMposanisie ropKocna- Carenuusie uacta (BICH). Oxpacka rpanenoprasix cpegcre sre cya (6 OcHoBHOM, asTOMOBHNEH, ay MHNAYAH WH nemapnok OxpaHbl—TaKKe MoTO- Unknos) pakee npunsra cneayiouan — Ann mannunn (c 1969 roma co- rnacno ynomaxyroi wbuule orpacnesok Hopmann MBA): ocHosHoH user mK MOHHO-KenTbIA, RonoNWATeRsAbIR — cH hist (nonoca no GoKoanke Ky2080, 8 saeHcumactn or @opmbl Ky30Ra, kphiuka Garamnnka, 3anHAR ABepe 4 ral . — ana nomapHok oxpanus: ocnos- HoH user xpacnein; “Ana ckopo# nomoun: ysera, Gnuakne x Genowy — «cnononan kocth», cherno-Bemesbi, «Genas Hous», caetno-cepsii: — ana asapninuix cay (rascsoh w aneurpocern): Kenta BePX, KPAC- ana BFCH: ocHosHo# ser — umopeKax sonia», gononnuTensiHeik — opanneauit («io6Ka» Kys08@), ‘Auanka a1Hx UBeTOR 4 MpHMeNse- avin seTorpapMuecikix exe noas! fin _cRenate cheayiouwe syisonbl Tlepace. Gonbulnicrs nprmenne- maoik OCHOBHLIX_YaeTOB — MHMOHHO- wemtbii, Kpachoii, Sensi mente — Npknannewer K rpynne wanGonee 30- ImeTHBIX, NO KpaHHeH Mepe # AHERHOS spema. Kpome Toro, mHOrMe H3_ Hix Aenaiores TpaAMyWonnuimn Ans Coot nercrayiouysx cnyx6 4 cnocoBcreyior Tawae onoanasaemocTh oneparwsHurx tpancnoprisix cpencrs, Mlestomy mpi- Shao WenecooGpaaHbim coxpaHints ne- PeUHCReHHIe UBeTa KAK OCHOBHBIE 38 coorsercrayiouymmn cayGamn (c Tem, CAHaKo, “106s Ana asToMoGnnel cxo- POH MEAKUMNCKOR NOMOWUH NpHMeHAN- en ronuko uncTo Genbik user). Bropoe, B Yensx nosniuienna cur aro rpyank! Tpancnoprieix cpeacre Wenecoo6pasio paspaborare eannyic ana Gonwwnicrea cnyx6 userorpady: Neckyio cKeMy OKpackH Bbinenennen anemenToR AonontwrensHore MK KOHT=2, Aeroxo6 E noatin TOCT ow. B oxpacxe nexoropoe orcrunaenue oF TOCTa: hawocutecm Ha ABeEpU, a Ne Ha Kpbiae derowobusn oro JI. A. HAMEHHOA Pectmpyiowero axpomarmMeckoro yse~ Tpeve. Userorpadnveckas cxema oxpackh asromo6unen BTC Ke yz08- nersopser tpe6onannam aameriocta onoaasaemocrh. Banay HemHoroHnc- Renwoctn 21Hx aBToMoBuneh weneco- O6pasno oGwequunTs x no OKpacke © asTomoGunamn agapwinbix nym. YW verseproe. enarensHo ace oneparwanbie cnyo6b CHaBAKTH OTnK- UnTeMMHbIMH aHaKann. B Hacroauiee apema ornnwaTensible 3HaKM HMeIOTEA iui Ha asromoBunax mannuna (eps CCCP), cxopol MeanuMHCKOR oMoyH (kpachiii pect) im BFCH (am6nema enya). PaccmarpHaanoce mNomecTso sapi- aston co cnnownos oxpac Tukanbiyio # KOcyIO «ae6Py>, vey, € paa6xeKoR Ha KPYNHWe, PasHbie Wn pasHosennkne mona camoro paa- nwsnore reomerpHuecKoro xapaKrepa H 1. a. (Ana _npoctorsi. nponrpeisancs awle Rapwant nomapHow —maulsis) Tlocne o6cymaenns ¢ paanaunbinn cneynanerann Gtino oroGpano He- ckonsKo o6paayos oKPacKH c Tem HnM nim KOnMuecTBOM epraKansnbix (e npoeKynn Ha cppowransiyio nnockocrs) lonoc cnepeam ™ c3aAM 4 ropHa0H- yanbiex—no Goxam, a AenbHBIMN KOHCTPYKTHBHEINH 2neMeH= Tamm (aBepbMH H KDDINEAMH), OPE Wennsima & KOHTpACTHLit no OTHOWe- hinio k OckoRHOmy user, Oxonuarensno abi6pannan Ysero- rpagiieckan cxema xapakrepaayercn fayma seprnxansisimn (8 npoekunn) honecamn na nepeawem dacane asro- MmOBHNS; OHM ROCTATONHO MacUTaGHe! kak Userkble noms, HB TO Ke BpeMn wx cAsCeHHKI pHTm cozmaer noBbl- LlennyIO cATHaMbHOcTS, KOTOpAR HAH Gonee sania umeHKo ans nepeanek Nacth aptomo6nna (onrHueckoe «Aes oprannayioujeen soanelicrane 2THK no- ROC, HECMOTPA Ha Hx HEOBbIUNOCTe BRICOKYIO ChTHANGHOCTE, MAHAMANBHO). Ananormunbie nonocki waMeceNki a no- BepxHocte apromo6una csaay. Mo 6o- kam HaHocaTeR no OAHOH npogonsHom (ropraonranHom) nonoce. ‘OcoBuii sonpoe BosKMk orHoch- Teno WenecooBpasHocrn oKpAckH @ Kourpactnsit user oANOK 43 ABeper (nepeaen) c Kamaok cropoxsi. Mom CkonbKy MNOHAR pacromHnich, bio PeweHo nposecra TaxncrockoniveckHlt dkcnepuMenr ¢ onoaHasannem npeAb senzemsix H206paKeHHi. IkcnepHMent Gsin nposegen np yuacrun Gonsuioro nena Menbiryembix. SdcpertHBHoct OKPackH ABepH NoATBepAHNack, M Ona Guina_npmnmta Anz acex asromo6uneh, xpome mnerkosbix («Mockayor, «Bonran HOKueymio) H aBTOMOBHNGH MWA a Tina asrono6unek, He wmorounn wys08a € panehraimn GoKoBsIMn no BEPXHOCTAMM, NPHFORNLIMM ANA HaNe- cerns npozonsrarx nonee (wanpHMep, E noxapHon necTHMyeH, KoneHuarsiM noaventinon 4 7. 1), npeaycmarpy- acren. oxpacka 8 Konrpecrapyrouwi User Han6onee aameritte @yHKUHO- Manewene anemenros, KoTopsle’® TpaH- cnopriom nonemenin nmeior Hanpas- nenne, GnkaKoe Kk. ropraoKransroMy. Taknm o6pa0"eipopmnposanace ennnan userorpadmuecien crema Ox ack Ana asrowobwnel acex onepa Taye enyn6, npoMme MAnMLM Crym6a munhunM Sanwaacr We- exomno ornmuiioe MecTO 8 PAAY APY- Fine, nocKombny @ Ge YNKKWM BxORKT owe o6ecnevenne Gecnpenstcreet- Horo npoesaa tparenopra apyrx one~ parwanix cayn6. Kpome Toro, HeKo- Topwie apromo6unn mannunn siononry axoaaren m TpaHcnopriom noroKe, acrio ebpouewubie Asepy, septh- Kanbibie nonce, moryt oKaaeTuen Yronnniouwmis TesroMy on He. 6BINm Snenensi 8 oxpacty. B kavectaeATEXHMMECKAR, SCTETHKAn, 1979, NO 1 SchoBHore ana astonoGwnet mAnAUM Guin coxpanen npunsruin cornacio oT pacnesoh wopmanw MBJ)nhawonto- Mentait user, HonBonee aKTHOHDIR 9 Curnanvnvix yperos. Tae coxpenen Chi upset KoK fononimTensiii. Ho 8 npextine Userorpadwieckne cxeMb! Ban orgenbisix Tanoe aBvomo6wned Biecensi weKoropsie vaMenenn Hanpknep, ornewena oxpacia pouch Garancinca 8 cnn User (y abromobwneh TAM wa Kpbuuny Gara Waka HaHOCHTCA cHHNi KPYE © coor setereyiouey! nopnnemo Ha Hen). Or- Remisie nompoonocta. cxemnl ‘NOR enor KonKperibim ocoBeKnocraM nna Crmen cootwererayiouwx Moneneh a yomo6wnei: y wBonri» TA3-21 Goxo- Pecnenennyio nowepsviocts nepeannx poives ceepxy, 0 pessema kanore; Y. sBonrw» TA3-24 nm orpaniuneaior- {1 nepernGom nosepxnoctm No NOR HOW niknH, HE BIKOAR HaBepx, HO 3a To onoscuieas Kanor enepeaM, Y asto- mobunok PAD «YAS a chiWh user suipawensi anementhr OBnAyoBKH po anaropa. B pankn xynonectaenio-KonerpyK- TopeKoro npoekra. YokMe SxOAMNO YeraHosnenne woMenKnarypul MH mecra raeconun "arewoivon “rpegiiecron wiopmounn m ani6nem oneparnenui nyt. Hansenosanne enyn6ei («Copan MoaminncKan nomouioy, wABOpHian Fasouan cnynGay, «Manngans TA) hanooTen ocHosHBIM yseTon ¢ Kae ol cropows! Ha Gowoayio Ronocy AO- Nonkwrensiore usera (y aBromobunel Munn WaHochTen ensin Yserom) Ha nomapnsie astomo6nnn cornac- Ho Tpebosatian Romapro oxpari Ronmhht HaHochTeeR: caaAK— a66pe- suarypa, oBosKauaioujan — dyHKUHO- HaneHuik Tan aaromo6una (wALly — aerouncrepa, «ASI» — apronecramua Wt. adi c2aqM 4 no BoKam—nomep NlomapHoH wacTh H HassaKHe rOpOAS, mecra avenoKauKH wacrs. poston npeaycmarpysaetcs HaHecenne a66pe- BhaTypsi c3aaqM Genbim Yserom Ka kpacHom none, cnesa oF seprikansibix CurHanbHLX NONOG; HOMEP wacTH HH avanne ropona (nom HAM) HaHocHTeR 2aqK, cnpasa ot eurnankieix nonoc, Gembim no KpacHomy, Ho 6oKam, Ha ABepax, oKpawennbx 2 Genbii Yser— kpacibim no Genony. Ha nerkoauix asromoGunax, He HMeIouHx Benom oK- Pack qaepek, Kaseanwe ropoma HE HOCHTEN KpaCHLIM UBeTOM Ha_yHacTiKe Geno% nonocki, npoxoasulel vepea Tepeaniow asepe; HoMep ach — Gensim no KpacHomy nono AsepH Noa Mpegnaraercs ssecr nononunrens: Hele uMebpostie oBosHaueHHa TaKKe H wa asromoGunax apyrix cnym6. Ha- Apumep, Ha apapwiiibix asroMoGHnsx rasoso¥ cnym6bi 4 aneKtpocer — Hx NlopaaKosbie Homepa (KoTOpBIE 8 He: cromulee epema wanocaren Ha maneNb- kere ya6nwukn); Ha aBToMO6unsx cKO- OFC — HoMepa oBcaymuBae- wnt Hid HmeneGow yupencaennti a dlectro.nekrasovka.ru Mpoekrom npenycmarpysaiores me- cra paconomenna Ha asToMo6unsx SmGnem oneparnanbix enyk6. Ornnun- Tenbisia anak munnunn (Tep6 CCCP) Paconaraerca Ha nepeAHKe asepsx SeromoGune Hioke cHNeH nonocel haw, ‘eeam a10 o6ycnouneno opMoH Reepy, HanonosMHy Ha nonoce. Ha aB- Tomo6unax ckopor nomowm 2MGnema (epacsiit Kpect) wanocutes na_mari posaiinble crekna oKoH, No oAHOH cre. 2, cnpasa % caeaM. SnBnema BICY (kpactbit Kpecr # ckpeujennbie mono- Tok H Kmio4) pacnonaraercn 8 BepxHeM aenHem yrny GOKOSHHE! Ky30Ba asTO- mo6ina. “Ananormunoe pacnonoxKerne Pekomenayerca ana 2m6nem nomap- HoH oxpanut H Apyr#x cay, ech Ta kne 2mGnems: Byayr yrsepmnenti ‘Ana naanncer, a66pesnaryp uxcp- poss o6osHavennih —npKHAT WPHIbT anonyxupibit rpoteck» MockoscKoro Ronnrpa@nuecxoro nHcratyta, o6naAe- Fount Hannyuulek wTaeMocreIo Ha BHauMTeNRMbIX paccronHHsr. Ana oxpackn morouMKnos Munn\n H noxapom oxpanibl coxpaHeHs! Te Ke sera, To H ANS asToMoBuneH THX enyn6: COOTBeYCTREHHO MOHHO-MEN- TeIK_c CHHMM H KpacHBIi ¢ Benbin. Tipu paapaGorke yserorpabuueciix cxem oco6oe BHAWaHKe yaenanock oBecnewenisio okokauectseHHoro akinonhennm oKpacki. 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B wensx mposepkm addextusnocrn npeanomqenibix 8 npoeKte TOCTa cxem ‘oxpackm cneywanucrama TYTO MBA BHIAHNO npw ywacran npegcrasyrenoh BHUHTS Guinn nposenensi cpasni- Tenbible AOpOHHbIE HcnAITaHAR NOMKap- asTomoGunel c peannunolt oKpacr 1 Chaninnanwck TPA cxembi oKpac- ku: oBbiwHan Kpachas, Gea snemenToR Genoro ysera; Kpacias c ABoHHuIMK Genuink nonocama cnepeaK ¥ caanH 4H OnHOH npomonsHoh Genok nonocoK Ha kaKAoh 6oKosMHe; c TeMM me TO- nocamH 4 oxpaulenHbimn 8 Geneil user sonurens (nocnea- Ku coorsercrayer rorparpHuecKoli cxeme no npoekTy BHUMTS), ‘AsromoGuni covepuiany Korpont- ule a2eaqK1 no aaminyTOMy MapUIPy- Ty, npoxoamswemy Gonewe# vactero lO FOpORCKHM MarMerpaNsM ¢ HNTEH- cHBHAIM ABOKeNNeN. Kanab AomKeH Guin monrarecs ¢ MaKcHManbHOH cKo- POCTHIO, AOcTIOKHMOH no ycnosHaM wacnonsce, Ghcrpo peryinponsin sonmenn apyrac anomobnney 30Me~ Sian momapiil asromoGunw m yene= dann npmusre, Mepey, sTObsi OcRo6o- wre emy Ropory. B pesynvrare. nA Rperiun seeagow anrononnn ¢ Go- pene no. 20%), no cpasnenwo € pachtint, Gea Gensix anewerros. Be ha ormesena ocoban_adxpexrasnocre fu, koropuie Guinn souernt » nacce stvomebunes na Gonuusom paceronni enviranni, Konnconn, [YO — BHHAM- TIO pexonensosane ana peapa6ar taemoro TOCTa. sapnant oxpacki c Monocenw 4 ABeprain KOWTpacTwor® tere. B cewrs6pe 1975 ropa _npoext TOCTa «Ipencnoprniie cpencraa’ one- parnonsix cnym, Oxpecie, onoaHon TpeGosauuns Guin pocenorpew xonne= thet Tocyaaperseniore komwrera CCCP no crannepren ow yraeprcaen baonom gedcrene c 1 nisopn 1917 ro- faa. Buino pexomennorero” paccwor- Pete sonpoe 06 yraepmnenin Toro Erauaapra 8 Kauectae crewnepra C28. 3 tevelne. npollealuero epemeni nogpasnenciua nomapiox “oxper, cxopon nomouy 4, 8 menbwel creme: fim, aBapminuix. chy nepexpacrinn xox euromoGnan no. useTorpedpie. tien exenan, Yeranonnevnuin Homi TOCTon Baecre ¢ tem 8 pane cnysaes npo- aanerea we6pexuocte, crpemnenne on eugom cobmonenun TOCTa obo. Tach mie. 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B Espone 2xennyarauvel roprossix OMaros 8 2TOT NepHOA aaHuMannce, Tnesiim o6paz0m, Konawrepexne WH Ta Gowrie pabpran. LvpeKoe pacnpocr- Panenne nORynna aeromerst ANA On- aru yenyr—Tene@own, secu, e8ro- si Ant nponann wenesHoAopoN- hie 8uneros. Twnwuhom erpaon aBro- ato 8 Espone evnranacs Hania — Heit seromar npyxonnnen Ha 70 mA enei (e Benmo6prrannn—1 va 210 worreney). 8 Konenrarene astomars! Wnporo.Hcnoneaovannce KaK Mobi Huth onemesr oBopyaceannn maraan ow: ANeM onm yeTaraunHBanice ne eq maraouionn, @ Ha Hows BABHre- Ice 8 Hx pbepnuie poem Toprosia vepes asvomevsi @ coo- Pementiom norman a10r0 "cnosa Ssopmunace nocne nepso¥ myposok soni. Kpynieiwen crpanol no npo- ay, Mennyarauin ot 2KenOprY i asroMaton ran CWA. B 1929 rony ® CIA snepauie 6: ocyiectanena spynnosanycranonka Ix aeronaroe, B Hee exoqunt Ana nponsnn Konaurepenie napenni, ‘xonopwuix 20KycoK, meBe- Temsno} peswnnn 4 nOvrosuix Mapon. KKaycasit asromar Guin cha6reen coro patos, npovaHocmaunm npw onycKe- finn monerst wBnerogapio Bacly Taxi obpazom, Gbin cnenan nepauit war Cosnennio Katpe-asvomaros maraaHe timo eneunepnuecKor eopmes Topros Tw siepes estomars Tlepasie rpynnoasie yeranownn or rwiannes KonnartHocree, oTeyTeTaHeN dnemenros yxpawarenscrsa m pexnan (comm amepweanusi obwxcHa 370 Sramensimh 9pemenanin KpHaHEO). Onn wanomunaor asepy Hank unKarpsi ¢ gunenKanine eee Tlepea sropox muposok soiwoi we eno Toprosuix avromaros 9 CUA. A0- ctarno 1 Mai, 70 ecTe 1 aBTOMaT npKe xoauncs Ha 130. murenet crpan. Bo Spems sowes w3-20 Hexeerkn ToB—pO8, wcbaauin Toprosna vepea asroMare! 8 page ipa npexparnnacs. concen, a & CLA shaunrensno coxparmnack. Mocne sofins! navann coaaanarwen osbie MerepHensi, peaxo nossicHnnch cxopoctn, Mponsaoacrso Toprosbix Tomaros sosoGNosHnoce Ha KavecTaeH- no nHom, Gone sicoKom KoNeTDYKE TiaHo-rexhonoruyeckon yponke, O5- Texaenan opMa clana nour cHMBO- OM Textnveckoro nporpecca, Bbipe- meHnem nocneayero cnosa RocTHMe- Nuit aykH K TexHHKM, MORO} ‘dlonon weykmionne wKapYnKK 8 crune 6apokko! —nposoarnawaer ame~ piKanckan cpupma Eleciro— Hawn av Tomath HMeIOT caMyio coBpeMeNHyio OGrexaemyio cpopmyl» O6rexaemyio epopmy npHoBperaior nourn ace Hom Bwie apromarsi store apenenn, npwier Hekorophie supMei AOBCART ee AC kpalitax npeaenos, Korga ona scryna- er 2 A2Hoe npoTHBopeUne ¢ HasHAHe- hwem cTaHosiTen noguac Henenok. Onvaxo Wapany ¢ aTomaramn «Hoseli- wer Gopmam 8 KoHye 40-x—navane 50-x ronos nponommeict cyulectso- nate # Mrpombie aBromart!, HanomAna- lowe crapyio wapmaniy. B copme amepukancxnx roprot asromaroa npossunics. nporasopeuK- sie TeHqeHunM AuaaiNa Toro speme- hu: erpolWoerk 4 npocrora, orAHualo- lye, HanpHMep, asTomars! Ana npoAe- 204 caraper nbaat Rowe, n anenan: Tol yapauerentersa (e anromarax me- Hee masectHo# «pupae Kini). Xapakrepusim ana Toro pemenn aunennem crana YcTaHOBKa 8 PRA pas- HOMACTHSIX asTOMaTOS, OTnH4aIOUlHxCA Apyr OT Apyra pasmepamn 4 gopMoH luxacpor, Kowerpykaveli nuyeauix na- Henei u yserom. Bnocneacrann Ans Tawi pasHoMacrHbix asTomaTos cram Renare ynudrunponanniie uIKacpLi. B revenne 50-r roaos » npoeKTApo- sannw atromaros 8 CLUA orwernnao HaMerannch ane TeHAeKYMK: — coapanne asromaros, npeques- Haweniuix ana pa6orbi 8 OAHOH niHinn (kanpumep, «6neaHeusn» dupmet Na ional Ventiors, enoniaa_nununs asto- maros @upmsi Rowe, 1957 roa), eKmo- Naswer avromarsi ana npomann ropa nx Gniog, rOpauAK iW XONOAHDIX Ha HTKOS, KONANTEDCKHX HaAenAH, cHra- per. Ewe 2 1948 roay Ha crpannuax mypvana «Aulomatic Worlds ynomu- HEeTcA WeAMHAN MMHMR ABTOMATORD 49- secrHol torga gupmei Stouper, a Ko- Topol ace asromarsi HMenH oBuKe anementsi KOHCrpyKuWM MM eAMHOe omopmnenne: —nocrenenias samewa oBzeKae- MoH (opm npsmoyronsnok, Gonee oTBevalowed nee ycraHoBKH MeWnH PAA. nnoctol ® varorosneHHH H Aeule- 50H. Snemente! npsMoyronsHeix owep- aH nosBnsOTcA TaIKe WY aBTOMa- 708, nponvaaiavennei ana pabore! «@ coauuoukys. TIpsmoyronenan dopma crayonures yenecoobpasHor 4 MoA- Hom. Mph 21oM camn KONCTPYKUMK TOP Fousix asTomaros cyulectsenmeix HaMe- Meni He nperepnesaior. B sxcnayara- nw nosensorcs aaTomarsi sKneKTA HOH qpopme: Ha npamoyroniom wKa- $y Menonvayiorca oBvemnvie anemen- Te o6reKaeMon opmul. Brocnencr- uy, 8 60-x ronax, npaMas NKHAR, NPA MOH Yron M MnocKocrs 8 MOAyAbHSIX anax HactonbKo saa0eBkiBaior roc- RORETs0, To fake 9 wneHeHWK no- SepxHocta nepeane# naenn wcKnio- alorea anemenTsl KPHBONANOMHOCTH, B nacroauee epema CUA ocraior- ca KpynHeliwimm npowasoRHTenom TopATEXHAYECKAR SCTETHKA», Fossix asromaros 8 ape. Hx wsroros- ReHwem saHsTo oKORO 120 ¢uPM, cpe- AM KOTOpMX Takwe HaB2CTHBIE, KAK Rowe, Vendo, Avenco, Nitional’ Ven: dors; 200 «kp npowasoanT KoMAneK- rylouwe anemia; 650 cpupm— Tone bl ANA nponann epes asTomarbi: couie 6200 @npm aKcnayarnpylor yoprosbie apromarei (Hannune cneun- anbHuix apm no 2KennyaTauMn TOpro- Bx. asromaton crano xapakrepHom Neprok amepuKacxom toproann). Ta- kum 06pa30M, npowaeogcrto Hh 9Kc- x aeromaros @ CLA vara yaPro 1|| Fae" ART Monynenbie pags, ocransi Unannanpyiores “Ha kaKOM- canon suge astomaros (ana npomamn chra- Per, pacchinHbix KONAMTepcKHX HIRE Ina, Moxa-nonst 7.) Ochosioe naanasiene asromaros nponana niulensix npoAyKtos h enra- er (a0. 90%), 8 octaneitom — meme Rpomrowaps! (mpi, orxparnn, aH TOaaphy, NpeaMers! cavrapin M rarme hui wt.) onnara yenye (cron aeronalin, @oroarromars), TeneeKonst wren. Tosapoo6oper soapacraer 28 oA 8 cpeaviem na’ 10%. Haw6onsunh 066 em npsxoaMten He npoaey chraper H anwrwoa 8 Gankax GyToinKax. Penra6enbnui, Kak npasnno, rpyn- osbie ycraHoBKi. B onMHONKY yeranas- huBaiorea MWe cHraperHble aBTOMATS! 4 asromars! no nponame HanHTKos. Kacpe-atromars ocHaujaiorea APY- ram conyreTayiow\um oGopyzonannem. Panom c aeromaramh Ann NPORaXH 33- Moponennsix Gmc ycranasnysaiores CBY-newn ana x pasorpese. O6a30- Tenbhbi TaKKe MYcopOCBOPHHKH H pas Meninigs, 8 TOM NAENE ANA By Mannix never, Bawnoe aHavenne vmeer abi60p. mecta yeranoskn aeromaros, Amepi- KacKHe Toprosule qyPMEI Le TperH Napka Toprossix asromaros >xcrinya- Thpyior Ha NPOMBILRHHLIX npeAnpHA-SPeaAECIAR 2cTETHIMs, 1919, 00 1. Mosyapaat ona garonaron upset Rowe (CHA) Henomenue = exoxes. Anrowarer uxcior axruone ourpurn, iuagoe,oraeaannore nacuxei, tiairupgrowted yennoe moposs Aepena 2, Avromar 2am npogaxu ropawux ‘cocucox € xAc6oM ut ropuuuel, yeranaeuaaenié Kax unAUeUsya.rONO, TK u 8 paay c apytunu aeroNaranu (@upsa Husgvarna, Hacuun) 4. Crepeorunnee opsnn aaroxeros. yeraxasauecevix unAuauaya.tono. Gorouar 2am pasaena Gywaxnore .rener 1 aystacaaoneil aaromar (ohupna Rowe, CLA) pe rie Henasmenue wet ee Twa, @ yue6Haix saseneHnax, Gonsnn- ax BomHcKIX vacTaK, NpeAHaaHauas Hx noxynateno, Koropsit_ nonsayerca aoromarom exeqHesHo. Sauk KONO ‘Ono tpera apromaros ycraaunnoa- erea 9 obulectaeHHbIKX mecTax. ‘Amepnnanckne gyaaknepsi, paspa- Garsisas MoAynsnyio KOHUENUAI TOP- Fosbix abromaros, yAensIoT MNOO BHA manna weeneagsannio — oBcraHoBky, cKpymaiouye noxynarens. Ume1oren PekomeHAaunn no wenone- a0baiio Ysera, HeTOURNKOR cBera, OF- AenouNbK marepManos aK B caMMK asromarax, Tak 8 NOMeWIeHHAX, rae ‘nm axcnayarnpyiorca. Asromarsl, ycTa- Hasnmeaenuie Ha ynHue, HMeIOT CneuH- anusie noxpuirns of Menoroas!, 470 poanesaer cpox ux cnyrx6ei, ynyuwa- er yenosua axennyarauyn m chowaer acxon\ ‘Amepmkancka npaxraka cangeren- crByer © WHpoKOR yHud>HKAUHH KOHCT- PYKWAH MOHETHRX M MENORHUTERLHKIX MexaH¥2M08, Paanhinix snemenToR wKagos » nepeaHnx nakenes. Dupma Vendo, kanpwmep, euinyekaer pa «MIpecronn, coctorunit Wa 16 rHnow Yangnunposannsix asromaros. Ocobe- NO sbicoKoH creneHW aocTAraer yuwepi- Kau4® onementon nepealix navene Flockonugy npHHUHAHARtHuIe KOH pyc cenosnn Yaroe, roprossix BYOMaTOS veceMa CTA6MABHE!, MpMLI Yaennior Gonewoe BhMaHne THOKO- crm crafnanra, cumras, TO npMBneKa- Tensiuih sHeUlMW BKA OBOpyAoRALNA cnocoGcrayer npwGsineuocr# ero. 2Ke- ayaraunn. Paanwunble acta nuiyeBbix aneneh aaromatos nerko sameNmiorea Homi, ae «coupemennuis yp Maun. Kpome Toro, xe iS arucare Sakaaam npo- banana oraeny ne- hee atone RIERA? Won opex, non one- uio Komy, € PHcyHKaMM, OpanamenTom Ht. a, Tak, @upma Vendo ana asroma- yoo pana «flpectwm» mcnonbayer tpH Bapnonra oraencn: — «moxcr (ns speuiene6ensnerx aganni)—npumenenne —— ninactakos, hmuTApyIOUHX YeHHLIe NopoAK! Aepe- na, xpommposaHibix aevanei 7. 14 — kcranpapr» (ana maccono ycra- oak 8 HiTepsepax aAaHnl) — oKpac- ka 2manamn, NpHMeHEHKE xpoMPOBAM- Mux weranes, noneser peKnams = Aewesit (s ocHosHom ana ycra- Noss Ha orkpeirom aoazyxe) — oxpar ka omansmu, orcyrcrawe merannhue- ‘chix naKnanox. OcoBenko Wnpok accoptamenT or- ReakH asromaton, —ycraasnnBaemuix hnawanayansio. Hanpmmep, crraper- Hole abtomarsi cbapmui Verido abinye- kajoren e Werbipex avaax oTaenky WcraKRApTD H CEMA — OTHEMEH «MOKED. Tlogo6wui npunuun orgenks xapaKr Pew 4 ana apyrnx pupm. Ornnumrensioi ocobeHnocreio ame- PwKaHckwx aBToMaroR RBnAeTCR TaKKE coBmonenne (popmansHuix npHsHaKos Gmpmennoro crwns, wio onpemensercs Yenosnawn KOnKypeHuiN. ABTomari pupa Rowe, Vendo, National Vendors pe2ko ornwiatorea pyr oF apyra Octpaa Konxypentman 6ope6: Aer k Gbicrpomy yconepuiencTsoBaHnio asTomaTos, yny4uleHiio Wx BHeWHero nna, noveiweHiwo ygoBcrea aKcnayara- uni. Ognako yeennuonne uncna KoNeT- PYKUMA antomaroe oqHoro HazHaueHia, OcHOBAHHKX Ha paahbix —npHNuunax ASHCTBNR, HmCIOUHX Paannunble opra- Nel yopaanening, aecrasnaer noxynare- TA BHOBE H SHORE woceaHBaTk® TexHI- ky, MIO cHiOKaeT aepqpeKTHBHOcre ma- lwxn, Kpome Toro, onpegenennuie Ho- yao6croa noxynarenio npunocur oAwo- Bpemennas axcnayarayna asromaros ¢ Asyms npHMuANHaNHo OTAHYHGIMH MO- NeTHLIMi MexaKaMaMi: HEKOTOHIE aB- TomaTs! cHaSMenbi mexaniramamn aun cpaun, apyrne— wer. Toxynare- bio, 6pocnaweny 80 eropolt aaromat Money Binbuer AocTonHCTsa, NpHXxo- Aurea noxynars rovap no Gonee abico- KOR uene. Haannce «ronap pacnpoqann HHera MOxo aHAMa, a HHOFRa sOOBUE orcyrcrayer. Asromarsi wmelor paanw ule uHKns! cpabarbisanns. Hexoropsie waqaior np cpa6arsigahnn peaKne 2aykn. Takum o6pa20m, npobnema yHin- qprkauyh w craimeprwaaui ToproBeix asromaros » CLUA no-npexnemy octa- eres axtyankuok. Brue-npeannent dypmei Brass Rail Service Organisalion M, Main aaer cnenyioune pexomenaayin no KoHer- Pymposanmio Topromsix _acromaros: “OnthManeisil sapnant — 270 Tor, Kor- ‘a nokynayenb aiaet aapanee, “ro oH Momer onnaath oF Mawnibl. YuKbHKA- wa m craknapriaauva opratos yapas- Rena Toprosbimk abromarann He ToMb- ko cnocoBcreyer yaewesnennlo npowa- BOACTBa, HO H O¥eNe cHNLHO nossa er >pdhextusnocte ux npuMeneHin, Hyskno erpemureen Tomy, sr06bi no- kynarens Mor ynpasnatk asromarann Ne AyMas, mexannueckn, Konmuecrto opratios ynpabnenus Aono ceoAnTe- ca Ke MANHMYMY —HAearbHRIM cAya- fem Guia Gy oANa MoHeTHaR Were w nmi porary. 60-e roaui ormesenti GypHbim pas burmMeM Toprouore asTomaToctpocHAa page ctpa Esponsi 4B Snonin, Mponaxa tosepos uepes asromarsi crana cywectseHHol uacthIo posHHi HOR Toprosny, Aononiias COBO Apy- re ee opmul. B uiayerpHansHo paz avreix crpavax Zanaqom Eeponsi Han Gonee wavecruuimn dupmami —naro- TopuTensmi Toprossix asTomavon a6, 7, Pax asronaroe 40s Kage upset Siapa (Dpanyus) 8, Aeronar gas npogaxu nanutnon ‘@ Gyrniaxax parauyioit enwoctu (qupaa ABA, OPP) | naoren: ABA, TN (@PF), Facma (Mra- nus), Siapa | (@panyxs), Willenborg (Hanwa), Husqwatna (Wseuns). ‘© RocTarouHo wmpoKom pacnpocr- pariennn Toproskix aaromatos 8 Espo- ne KpachopeswBo cekgetenscreyer uncnenHocrs Hx napka o DPF — cesiwe 3 man. wiry (1 apromar Ha 20 >«xTe- ned. Kak «a CUA, smu HeKoropeie es ponevckne pupae cneunannaypyiorcn ha npowasogcrae KoMnneKcos asToMa~ Toe, b ocHosHoM _npeAHasHaNeHnelx Ana npeanpnath® o6uectseNNoro nh Tanna, ocTanbHble BbinycKaroT asTOMa- Te nigwenayansHoro WenonbaosaHns. Xopouio wakecriei KOMMAeKCH asToMe- roa gupm ABA, Faema, Willenborg, 2 nocneguee spema » Siapa, Mpw ApoektHponanvn TakHx _KOMNAIeKCOs Monynean KOMKeNYKA cTana_AOMMHK- pyroweh. OcoBeHnHo xKecTKo saqarorcn ce pasmepel aBromaros no seprHKa- 2M, WO OGecneuneaer wx KOMNOHOBKY 2 nwsiwio, TopHaonransHsle pasmeprl, kak npasino, onpegensiorcs ocobex- HOCTAMM KONCIPYKMH KARKAOTO aBTO- mara, NODTOMY WX PEAK yABeTER YHH- @munponars. LWnpoxo pacnpoctpane- Mat OAWOHOMMHAMbHEIe MOHETHBIE Me~ xanuamel, paBoraoume Kak OT MONET, ‘aK H OT 2KeTOHOR, MHOrOHOMMHANKHBIE moHeTHbie MexaHHaMb! ucnOMEayIoTCA © cpastireneHo HeGonkwom KonMuecT- romarax no nponaxe Gun rom poawore tpaxenopra. Beckma pasoo6pasisl KOHCTpyx- UMW MCnONKHTeRbHEIX MexaMHaMOB, TO fect yerpoiiera ANA shiqaun ToBapa. Hapsay ¢ nonoctaio asTomaTaNeckH- | sseeie o-npemnemy Api NaH SORCRoRBIOMNATHI Cc MMNHMaNLHOR megaanuaeUnciyiaHanpnmer, cbyNcKan (pupa Notpe sbinyckaer xononWnbHni~ nape, chabKenHuiit oRHOHOMMHANEHEIM MONTH MEXBHHSMOM H NPOCTERWHM yerponctaom Ana xpaHennk a HEM Ho~ Turkos 8 crakaaprneix 6ytsinax. [o- kynavenk cam orKpelaer KpeiuiKy x0- nopuneunie, onyckaeT w wen MoHe- ty, @ 3aTem nonywaer sosMomHocTe Buinyre a xono@MNbHOR KaMeps! OAHY 6yruinky. Mocne 210r0 otmepctme, pes Koropoe abikwmaiores 6yTun« BeTOMaTHECKH saKpbiBaercR UITOPKOH, Hoaylo Gyrbinky MOKHO suIMYTE, TOMB Ko onyerua ewe ony monery. Topronuie asromars! asromars! Ana onnarsi ycnys, Henonsayembie & Espone, taioke pastoo6pazisi no pop- me, KOTOpan avactyio ebInonHaeT 4 peknannylo myHKuW. Ocobenno x2- Pakrepno 270 Ana HrpoBNIx asToMaTos. ‘Monyauisit npHiunn npoeKTHpoRa- hina aetomaros, akcnnyaTypyeMbix 8 ni= Hi, onPeAenMn Aza OCHOBHENK Hanpas- henna 8 pewiehhn opmsi nepezix —pewenne nepeatwx navench 8 nyae ennoulHon rayxoR creHsi c Hen Gonbwsm HHWans, wepes KOTOpHIE ReMmonerpHpyerca M sbiaaetca TOBaP. Taxoe peulonne xapakrepno ans atro- maros @upm Faema, (Aranna), TN (OPT) 4, 2 xaKor-ro mepe, Wiltenborg (anna); onpeaenseres ovo wapxuren- TypibiM» NOAXOROM K NPOeKTAPOBAKHIO asromaros, KOTOpHIe PaccMaTpHBaior- —Yenomnenioe KoMTOaHuKoHKOe pewenwe nepeawix naneneh yo, Kpynoe | uneHeHwe, pemberpa, akrusian pexnama, 6onee Ha- Fraquan AeMoHeTpauus Tosapa B BHT- Pwiiax. Apromars! We TORGKO KcTEIKy!OT- A» KOMNOSHUHOHHO 8 AAHIO, HOM 33- KONWeHHO auiEnaART npH HHAKBMAYANb- Hoi yeranonke. Npamoyronean ¢bop- mma uxapos 1 # atom enysae cOxpans- wmeponn "raxnr. peut moryt Gur abromeru cpp Rowe (CLA) » Stapa (@panuna). B nonannmouen Sonsunierse Yop- roast aeromoron (2XORAUiH 8 nHtinO fiw yerargnriagentnawannyore- Mo} ans obenymwsonna nenonwayeres Cooreercrayer TpeSonevnt DKcMnyato- wn ; coberayer coveputeneTeonorito. Topro- Stn eeromaron, Yoeneuooren robe- Morr merannamon 67oKos YM fen Coapaioren npeanocsi Aan 5o- ‘nee unpoxoro pacnpoctponiehnn wno- Tomar, "Hex peswentoooe Gyan Koropux Monten npovasopmreen, 6y- mancininn “neneremn, Bee. 370" paciin: por soaomocin npuoenenun 2870- heron # Gyayujem x ctnnynnpyer NO- manenme ex noeuit pop To matepaaaye axypuazon: “Vend’ (1971-1975) — CIA; “Automatisch Verkaufen” (1972-1974), "Magazin der GroBkuchen” (1973-1974), “Auto: maten Markt” |(1974—1975) — opr; Arana Sa