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MANA
GEME
The 7 Types of Knowledge:
NTMore
Definitions, Examples &
March 07,
2023
What Is Organizational
Knowledge, and Where
Can I Find It?
The 7 Types of Knowledge: Definitions, Examples & More
[ Source: https://www.getguru.com/reference/types-of-knowledge]
GreatCo.'s primary approach in supporting our customers is through the "Contact Us"
function that is available within the on our site. To ensure we are consistently achieving
best-in-class CSAT via Intercom, we have implemented response times of 2 hours or
less. Our support team's average time to first response time is about one hour.
“A CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE THAT ISN’T ANCHORED ON A SINGLE SET OF VALUES WILL QUICKLY
START TO FEEL FRAGMENTED”
As we prepare our team for the possibility of remote work, we’ll be leaning on their ability to apply shared values.
Team challenges – for example, remote power hours or gif competitions. Of course, keep them
professional, but these kinds of challenges can be great for both team camaraderie and delighting
customers.
Frequent postings of our metrics dashboard on Slack to replicate our real-time metrics monitor at the
office
Above all, recognize that a successful transition to fully remote work can take time. Set clear expectations up front
as to what success looks like and maintain a culture of trust and accountability – both of which are key to a highly
productive and energetic remote team
Here is an example of documented implicit knowledge:
While implicit knowledge can be more difficult to document,
some examples of implicit knowledge could include an
individual’s ability to prioritize tasks or juggle projects to meet
deadlines.
3. Tacit knowledge
Tacit knowledge is intangible information that can be difficult to
explain in a straightforward way, such as things that are often
“understood” without necessarily being said, and are often
personal or cultural. This type of knowledge is informal, learned
with experience over time, and usually applies to a specific
situation.
6. A Posteriori knowledge
A posteriori knowledge is a subjective type of knowledge that is
gained from individual experience. While this type of
knowledge isn’t one to be documented on a company’s
knowledge base, it still plays a critical role in the success of
teams. This kind of knowledge gives individuals the ability to
know their strengths and weaknesses that stem from their
experiences, and can help companies diversify their teams skill
set.
A Posteriori knowledge examples
Due to a posteriori knowledge being derived from individual
experiences, some examples of a posteriori knowledge could
include an individual's ability to lead teams based on their
previous roles in management, or the ability to de-escalate or
diffuse tense situations.
7. A Priori knowledge
A priori knowledge is the opposite of posteriori knowledge, and
is gained independent of experience or evidence. This type of
knowledge is often shared through logical reasoning, or one's
ability to think abstractly. Although a priori knowledge isn’t
necessarily documented, it’s often shown in the form of team’s
ability to understand and reason when faced with situations.
Types of Knowledge
Knowledge can be divided into three main types:
Explicit Knowledge
Explicit knowledge is easily documented and indisputable, like
procedures and policies, product and service functionality, step-
by-step tasks, research, and content. It’s most likely to be
documented by technical writers, content strategists,
instructional designers, and information architects.
Tacit Knowledge
Tacit knowledge is a learned sense of practical know-how,
which is hard to articulate, such as how to repair a computer
system. It’s the realm of your subject matter experts; held inside
your employees’ heads; and transmitted through training,
mentorships, and communities of practice. According to Nonaka
& Takeuchi, “Tacit Knowledge is the knowledge of experience,
and tends to be subjective and physical. It is about ‘here and
now’, relates to a specific practical context.”
Implicit Knowledge
Implicit knowledge, or embedded knowledge, is intuitive and
embedded experience. It’s ineffable, but you know it when you
see it, such as the experience of senior employees, subject matter
experts, the nature of professional relationships, and institutional
processes. It’s transmitted through social relationships.
Sources of Knowledge
Now that we know what types of knowledge to look out for,
we’ll go through potential sources of knowledge. Knowledge
can be found almost anywhere in your organization and comes
in many tangible and intangible forms. For example:
Individual—a person’s notebook, loose documents and files,
customer queries and complaints, or an individual’s memory.
These are good sources of tacit knowledge.
Group/Community—communities of practice, communities of
excellence, project teams, internal teams, training groups,
mentorship programs. These are good sources of explicit,
implicit, and tacit knowledge.
Structural—routines, processes, culture, traditional ways of
doing things, IT systems, suppliers. These are sources of implicit
knowledge.
Organizational memory—the knowledge of your entire
organization. It can be contained in guidelines, regulations,
reports, market research, records, and data. These are good
sources for a combination of tacit and explicit knowledge.
An illuminating example of individual, organizational, and
structural sources of tacit and implicit knowledge is that which
could have prevented the BP oil leak of 2006 at Prudhoe Bay.
The leak was not discovered for 5 days and led to fuel shortages
at U.S. gas stations—not to mention 900,000 liters of oil being
dumped into the ocean.
Repositories of Knowledge
So what can we do right now to document such important and
specialized knowledge within our organizations? That’s exactly
what knowledge repositories were made for.