Global warming refers to the long-term increase in the Earth's average surface temperature,

primarily caused by the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere through human activities,
such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.

Greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, trap heat in the
atmosphere, preventing it from escaping into space. As the concentration of these gases increases,
more heat is trapped, leading to an overall warming of the planet. This warming has a range of
impacts on the Earth's systems, including rising sea levels, changes in precipitation patterns,
increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, and shifts in ecosystems and the
distribution of plant and animal species.

The scientific consensus is that global warming is happening and that human activities are the
primary cause. Many governments, organizations, and individuals are taking steps to mitigate global
warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the use of renewable energy sources,
and adapting to the impacts that are already occurring.