cv 6098 S P5604 Alb Ss wapex 430g Received by: Captured by: Verified by: Date: Date:_#/06 /43 Date: RE-EVALUATION OF THE DEPTH STRUCTURE AT THE TOP OF THE RESERVOIR OVER THE TUBRIDGI GAS FIELD L9, WESTERN AUSTRALIA by W. D. Powell of Powell Seismic Services March 1993 S 8609 A153. TABLE OF CONTENTS Reprocessing of the seismic data Introduction Test processing Tying different vintages of data Datumtizing procedure Interpretation of the time data 24 2.2 23 2.4 Introduction Identification of seismic horizons Interactive interpretation using the Charisma workstation Time structure mapping Depth Conversion 3.1 3.2 Use of Seismic Velocities 3.1.1 Picking the stacking velocities 3.1.2. Gridding the seismically derived velocity functions 3.1.3. Calibration to well data. well derived velocities Use of Well Velocities and Time Interval Data 3.2.1 Derivation of the Velocity Field 3.2.2 Depth Computation ConclusionsEnclosure No 3a 3b 5a 5b 6a 6b Ta Tb LIST OF FIGURES AND ENCLOSURES Description Seismic Correlation with Tubridgi No. 7 Synthetic Seismogram Seismic Correlation with Tubridgi No. 8 Synthetic Seismogram Simplified Stratigraphic Table Example of graphed stacking functions. Description Time Structure on Near Top Lower Gearle Siltstone Time Structure on Top Mardie Porosity Time Interval between Near Top Lower Gearle Siltstone and Top Mardie Porosity Depth Interval between Near Top Lower Gearle Siltstone and Top Mardie Porosity. Surface Layer Velocity based on uphole velocities. Average Velocity to Top Mardie Porosity based on uncalibrated seismic velocities Depth Structure on Top Mardie Porosity based on uncalibrated seismic velocities Average Velocity to Top Mardie Porosity based on calibrated seismic velocities Depth Structure on Top Mardie Porosity based on calibrated seismic velocities ‘Average Velocity to Top Mardie Porosity based on isochore and well data Depth Structure on Top Mardie Porosity based on isochore and well dataTABLE 1 LINES REPROCESSED AND INTERPRETED Acquisition Year Acquisition Details Line ID 1981 and 1982 dynamite recording MB81-6 480-20-0-20-480m -7 600% -10 20m group interval oll 25-250Hz record filter -13 A82-2 1984 vibroseis and dynamite * J84A-2 1275-100-0-100-1275m 3 2400% “4 25m group interval 5 12-125 Hz record filter 6 “ll -15 -19 -23 -25 -27* -29* -31* -33 -35 -37 -39 1988 vibroseis PP88B-100 1230-50-0-50-1230m -101 1250-70-0-70-1250m -102 3000% -103 20m group interval 104 8-128Hz record filter -105 + -1061 Reprocessing of the seismic data A total of 30 lines from 4 different recording vintages were reprocessed by Digital Exploration in Brisbane. These lines are tabulated in Table 1, where the key acquisition details are noted. Processing was delayed initially by substantial deterioration of some of the field tapes, particularly those from the 1984 vintage of recording as well as some from 1981 and 1982. This necessitated specialised cleaning and copying of the field data, and even then some of the data could not be retrieved, resulting in gaps in the seismic coverage and the omission of lines A82-1 and A82-6. The main objective in evaluating the test processing was the maximisation of event resolution, particularly in the vicinity of the main unconformity. An additional important aim was to preserve as much as possible given a fairly conventional processing sequence, the lateral variations in amplitude of the primary reflections. 1.1 Test Processing Test processing was carried out on portions of lines M81-6, J84A-19 and PP88B-106, representing the three distinct acquisition data sets. Testing included pre-stack shot domain FK filtering; deconvolution before stack, covering surface consistent and signature deconvolution as well as spiking and gapped deconvolution options; variable outer trace mute offset; deconvolution after stack; filter pass bands; tau-P filtering; final amplitude scaling and various time migration algorithms. Special effort was given to the picking of final stacking velocities with a view to optimising the stack response while at the same time aiming for geological reasonableness both laterally and vertically. This is covered in more detail in section 3 below. 1.2 Tying different vintages of data Phase and amplitude characteristics for the 1981 dynamite recording instruments were not available, hence any phase/character/time matching of these data with the more recent vibroseis data would need to be on a purely empirical basis. Once automatic statics had been computed and applied to the data character ties were made at each line intersection. These showed a high degree of correlation with virtually no ambiguity except in the case of the 1988 vibroseis tied to the lines of other vintages.1.3 Phase matching of the 1988 and 1984 vibroseis at three separate intersections indicated that phase shifts of approximately 130° together with time shifts of approximately 16 ms were necessary to tie these two data sets. It was considered that the reason for the phase mis- match was most likely to be a polarity reversal. A polarity reversed display of line PP88B-103 showed no significant difference from a 137° phase shifted version and produced an excellent character correlation with the 1984 data. Correlation with synthetic seismograms for Tubridgi No. 7 (line PP88B-106) and Tubridgi No. 8 (J84A-19) made it clear that the 16 ms time mis-tie needed to be applied, with a negative sign, to the 1988 data. This phase matching process proved to be a time consuming one for Digital and ultimately one with ambiguous results; it was therefore decided to rely on the quality of the character correlations to determine bulk time shifts that would result in gross time ties between the different data sets, including the 1984 vibroseis and dynamite. On the basis of the well correlations referred to above, the 1984 vibroseis data was identified as not requiring any bulk shift. The following bulk shifts were applied to the other data sets: 1981 and 1982 dynamite - 8 msecs 1984 dynamite - 13 msecs 1988 vibroseis - 16 msecs Datumizing procedure Conventionally, a flat (usually MSL) datum is established at an early stage in the processing by applying spatially varying "statics" or time adjustments to the unstacked seismic data. The magnitude of these adjustments are dependent on the elevations and the near surface velocities. It was decided not to take this approach with the 1992 reprocessing for the following reasons: i) When reprocessing commenced much of the uphole data giving the near surface velocity information could not be located. This meant that if any statics were to be applied they would have to be just what was used when the lines were originally processing (taking the information from the top labels of the sections). In the case of the dynamite data (1981 & 1982) insufficient information was available to properly retrieve the original statics.The previously computed statics for the 1984 seismic were based on only the uphole control available at that time. The 1988 computations made use of all the upholes, but, as with the previous surveys, incorporated a replacement static in an attempt to compensate for the thickness of low velocity material below sea level. The accuracy of these replacement static computations was limited by the fact that computation programmes permitted the use of only one replacement velocity, whereas in fact the underlying velocity (which the replacement velocity should represent) shows considerable spatial variation, ii) Elevation misties at intersecting lines of the same vintage (eg J84A-2 and -29 with 2m and 5m respectively) as well as for lines of different vintage (eg M81-10 and PP88B-106 with 2m and 3m respectively) are present, apparently due to surveying errors. Hence, even if it were possible to derive a coherent static model, the differences in elevations at some line intersections would force time misties. iii) The low-lying nature of the terrain makes inundation a regular occurrence, hence it was considered likely that near surface velocities recorded at one time in one year would not necessarily be the same in other years at the time of seismic recording. Hence, again, one static model would not ensure time ties between lines. iv) The fact the elevation profiles along the lines are generally of low magnitude and "slowly" varying. Therefore, after testing on line PP88B-106 to ensure the stack response would not suffer, the data were processed without any datum statics; that is, the processing datum was the surface. In the case of the dynamite data uphole times for the shots were added to the record times to reference these data to surface. It was recognised that the automatic statics process has the effect of removing time shifts due to "high frequency" variations in elevation and near surface velocity. That is, the processing datum becomes a smoothed version of the actual elevation profile, Assessing how much smoothing of the elevation profile would approximate the effect of the automatic statics process was an interpretative exercise. Based on the effect of different smoothing operators on the elevation profile for line J84A-4, a 50 station, or approximately half-cable length, operator was chosen. This was used to smooth the elevation profiles for each line and hence define the post-autostatics processing datum. This smoothed elevation profile is illustrated on the top labels of the sections.ee a ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Near surface velocity information from a total of 150 upholes (recorded in conjunction with the 1984 and 1988 seismic acquisition) was used to determine the time shifts necessary to reference the data post stack, to mean sea level datum. Surface-to-datum velocities were determined (by interpolation between uphole control where necessary) for all line intersections. In order to compensate for residual time misties (subsequent to bulk vintage shifts and due to elevation misties, "non-static" nature of the near surface velocity profiles, or any other reason) different surface-to-datum velocities were used, where necessary, at the intersection on the two intersecting lines. The result is tied time data at all line intersections, The datum correction velocities used along each line are annotated on the top labels. The actual two-way time corrections to MSL datum were computed by dividing into the smoothed elevation values the respective correction velocity values (interpolated between the annotated control values) and multiplied by two. The time shifts so derived were applied as the final step in the processing sequence and are represented by the spike above zero time on the seismic displays. The final result is seismic data which represents two-way travel time below MSL, without, for the most part, the effect of any sub-datum static modelling. At those locations where the slow surface layer does extend below MSL, a replacement velocity equal to that of the underlying layer was used to completely remove the effect of the slow surface layer.Interpretation of the time data The migrated time data, corrected to MSL datum, were archived in SEG Y format and shipped to Schlumberger's Charisma workstation in Perth. These data were then interpreted interactively. 21 2.2 Identification of seismic horizons Synthetic seismograms from all 13 wells in the permit were used to identify the following picking horizons: Base Cretaceous Unconformity Top Birdrong Sandstone Top Mardie Porosity Top Muderong Shale Near Top Lower Gearle Siltstone The correlations between the surface seismic and the well data for Tubridgi No's 7 and 8 are illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. A generalised stratigraphic table for the Peedamulla Shelf of the Carnarvon Basin is shown in Figure 3. Interactive interpretation using the Charisma workstation The strong angular unconformity marking the Cretaceous-Triassic boundary is clearly seen along most of the seismic lines. The picking horizon has been defined by the upper terminations of the dipping pre- unconformity section. Correlations with normal polarity synthetic seismograms at the well locations demonstrate that the unconformity as identified from the well data is generally somewhat shallower than the seismic picking horizon. This may mean the seismic has not accurately resolved this horizon, or it may be that the ambiguities in the well data have resulted in misidentification. The Top Birdrong horizon was generally picked at the zero-crossing beneath a strong peaks event, however, this character was not consistent, presumably due to gas effects and the influence of thickness variations in thin units immediately above and below. Well data suggests the Birdrong Sandstone is as thin as 4.5m (Tubridgi 1). This is beyond the resolution limits of the available seismic data, hence some interference of reflection events mbst be expected with consequent changes in seismic character as the Birdrong thickness varies. The Top Mardie horizon represents the top of the porous sands which, where they are structurally high enough, reservoir the gas in the Tubridgi Field. The thickness of the Mardie sands is as little as 2m (Tubridgi 1) and generally about 4 metres. Again this is too thin for the existing seismic to resolve a top and bottom reflection event. The synthetic seismograms indicate that the top of sands correlates with the peaks event immediately above the Top Birdrong horizon.3. The top of the Muderong Shale correlates with a strong troughs event at all of the well locations. This troughs event defines the Top Muderong picking horizon and shows good consistency over the entire mapping area. The top of the Lower Gearle Siltstone shows a very consistent character on the gamma ray log. This lithologic boundary shows some variation in seismic response on the synthetic seismograms, however it is in general closely associated with a strong peaks events. This peaks event defines the Near Top Lower Gearle picking horizon, Because of gas charging within the Gearle Siltstone, the amplitude of this reflection event is much higher over the producing field than it is away from the field. 2.3. Time structure mapping The picked horizon times were transferred via floppy disk, from the Charisma workstation to Devex's Petroseis data base. This facilitated the plotting of posted horizon time maps. The contoured time structure maps on the Near Top Lower Gearle Siltstone and Top Mardie Porosity horizons are presented as Enclosures 1 and 2. The time interval between these two horizons has also been contoured and is included as Enclosure 3. Depth Conversion Two separate approaches were taken in converting the datumized time structure to depth. The distinguishing element between the two approaches is the derivation of the velocity field. Previous work had made it clear that the velocity field in the Tubridgi area is complicated by a number of factors: i) avery slow and spatially variable surface layer (see Enclosure 4); ii) a very fast and spatially variable limestone unit immediately below the weathering layers; iii) abnormally slow velocities in the Gearle Siltstone over the production area due to gas charging. It is considered that the effect of i) above has been eliminated by the datumizing procedure which, as described in section 1.3 above, removed the surface layer in reducing the data to MSL datum. 3.1 Use of Seismic Velocities The effects of ii) and iii) above will be directly reflected in the variations in seismic stacking velocities, hence the careful picking of stacking velocities was seen as a means of determining velocity variations due to all changes in lithology and pore fluid.3.1.1 DMO was not used to condition the data prior to velocity analysis because the zone of primary interest was above the major unconformity where dips are slight and hence the effect of DMO not significant. Picking the Stacking Velocities Digital's velfan analyses were used for picking the stacking velocities. These analyses display a gather of seismic traces recorded at the various offset distances and uncorrected for NMO. This same gather profile is then displayed after a number of different velocity functions have been applied to correct for NMO. Corresponding to each of the NMO corrected gathers are panels of stacked data which illustrate the stack response of the data using the various velocity functions. These functions are plotted on an accompanying graph which also displays coded symbols indicating stack amplitude maxima. Together these display panels facilitate the identification of the optimum stacking functions. Although these velfans were referenced to the post-autostatics "smoothed elevation" processing datum (see section 1.3), no effort was made to represent the surface layer velocities in the stacking functions. This was because the surface layer covered only the first 15, to 20 msecs, where there was no recorded signal; and by starting the function at around 2000m/sec it was more likely that the shallow (30- 40 msecs) Trealla Limestone would be a distinct event. In addition, the functions would be more readily useable as sub-MSL functions for depth conversion (see section 4). The data quality was generally such that the velfans provided a clear indication of the optimum stacking functions, These functions were usually characterised by high velocities through the shallow carbonates, slower velocities through the Gearle Siltstone and Muderong Shale, then a sharp increase in velocity below the major unconformity. Ambiguities in picking were minimised by opting for the picks which maintained consistency in the velocity trend along a line, and uniformity with near picks on intersecting lines. The velocity trends were reviewed using graphed plots of the velocity functions, in which successive functions along a line are plotted beside each other. An example of such a plot is illustrated in Figure 4. Testing was carried out on line PP88B-106 to evaluate the significance of changes in the velocity functions after the application of the time shift to MSL datum. It was considered that these changes were not significant (given the fact that functions had to be calibrated to the well functions in any case) and did not justify the additional inputting and computational effort which would have been required of Digital. Consequently, the functions as picked were sent on floppy disk to Geco (Schlumberger) in Perth for gridding.3.1.2 3.1.3. Gridding the Seismically Derived Velocity Functions It was decided not to carry out any specified spatial smoothing of the velocity functions prior to gridding, but rather to accept the implied variations as essentially valid, and allow just that smoothing which is inherent in the gridding process. Even though the average distance between velocity analyses was 1 kilometre, a cell size of 500 metres was used to ensure undue distortion did not take place when the calibrated velocity and depth grids were projected back on to the seismic lines (see section 3.1.3 below). The velocity functions picked for the 1981 and 1982 dynamite lines were mostly not used in the gridding process because, due to the much shorter recording offsets, the velfan velocities were significantly slower and their use would have produced unreasonable distortions to the relatively coherent velocity field provided by the 1984 and 1988 data. Calibration to well data and conversion to depth Digitised sonic logs for 13 wells were supplied to Schlumberger along with detailed well velocity data for 8 of the wells and artificial check shots for the other 5 wells. The gridded, seismically derived velocity field was sent to Schlumberger in Melbourne where the Charisma-RM (Reservoir Modelling) software was used to calibrate the seismic data to the well data. The two-way times on each seismic horizon, as picked on Charisma, were gridded on the same basis as the velocity data and also sent to Melbourne as input to the RM package. ‘As the seismic velocity functions are loaded into the RM package, the programme computes, at each of the grid nodes, average velocities and depths to each of the time horizons. The average velocities so derived and back interpolated on to the seismic lines are illustrated in Enclosure 5a. Initial calibrations were carried out by inputting well derived average velocities to each of the picking horizons at the well locations and then fitting the horizon specific, seismically derived average velocity grids to the well derived values using an inverse distance weighting algorithm, The resulting calibrated graded velocity fields were then back interpolated on to the seismic lines and applied to picked horizon times to produce depth values for the respective horizons.In the final calibration, involving just the Top Mardie Porosity horizon, the well depths, as tabulated in Table 2, were used to calibrate the seismically derived depths. The resulting depth structure map is included as Enclosure 6b. A contour map of the average velocities to Top Mardie Porosity resulting from this calibration is illustrated in Enclosure 6a. To help evaluate the effect of the calibration to well data the uncalibrated seismic velocities of Enclosure 5a have been used to generate the depth map of Enclosure 5b. The same TWT picks for the Top Mardie Porosity namely those mapped in Enclosure 2, have been used in the derivation of the depth data in Enclosures 5b and 6b. 3.2 Use of Well Velocities and Time Interval Data. 3.2.1 Derivation of the Velocity Field Evidence from existing wells together with the amplitude "brightening" on seismic lines over the Tubridgi Field make it clear that the strata overlying the main Mardie/Birdrong reservoir are gas charged. The presence of gas in these strata will increase seismic travel times through the interval because acoustic energy travels more slowly in gas than in water. It is believed that most of the gas charging is in the Muderong Shale, Windalia units and the Lower Gearle Siltstone (see Fig 3). Hence the effect of the gas on travel times through these units will be representative of the "gas effect" on travel times from seal level to the top of the reservoir. The map of the time interval between Near Top Lower Gearle Siltstone and Top Mardie Porosity (Enclosure 3) gives an indication of the effect on velocities of the gas charging. Some of the variation in this time interval will be due to variations in actual depth thickness, as measured in the wells. The thickness variation has been mapped in Enclosure 3b using well values and the form of the time interval map. This thickness variation in itself (ie. if interval velocity were constant at say 1850mm/sec) can account for only 25 to 40% of the variation seen on the time interval map. Hence the primary cause of the variations observed on this time interval map is the variation in velocity due to gas in place of water in the pore spaces. The time interval map has therefore been used as a guide in mapping the form of the variation in average velocity to Top Mardie Porosity (see Enclosure 7a). The average velocity values at the well locations have been determined using the well depths together with the times on the intersecting seismic lines.3.2.2. Depth Computation The average velocity contours illustrated in Enclosure 7a were then digitised, gridded and back interpolated on to the seismic lines using Petrosys Exploration Software. The resulting line based average velocity values were then applied to the time data mapped in Enclosure 2 to produce an alternative version of the depth structure at Top Mardie Porosity (see Enclosure 7b).TABLE 2 Horizon Depths in metres below MSL Seismic Picking Horizon KB Weld eee Near Top Base Lower Gearle | Top Muderong | Top Mardie |Top Birdrong| Cretaceous Siltstone Porosity Unconformity chinty 10.6 259.4 442.4 522.0 528.0 535.4 Glenroy 4.6 196.6 407.0 483.0 489.0 504.0 Onslow 4.9 254.0 423.0 515.0 520.0 530.0 Talandji 10.8 155.2 354.2 441.0 450.8 464.3 Tubridgi 1 6.56 233.5 426.4 507.4 511.0 520.8 Tubridgi 2 2.35 240.0 426.0 508.1 512.7 518.0 Tubridgi 3 4.08 264.5 446.0 535.0 - 539.0 Tubridgi 4 2.8 229.7 418.7 502.2 507.7 515.0 Tubridgi 5 2.5 253.0 422.5 505.8 510.5 517.5 Tubridgi 6 2.8 262.2 438.7 527.7 527.7 532.4 Tubridgi 7 5.8 229.0 417.2 497.7 504.2 3509.2 Tubridgi 8 5.5 223.0 420.5 498.9 503.5 512.0 ¥iyloo 5.2 230.0 428.0 508.8 512.8 519.8Conclusions Time structure mapping at the Top Mardie Porosity level shows a north-south oriented nose through Onslow No.1 and Tubridgi No.6. Onslow No.1 was located on a time closure on this nose. Another substantial time closure is located in the vicinity of Tubridgi No.3. However, drilling results from all wells reveal that the time structure is not representative of the depth structure. The two different approaches, discussed in section 3 above, to deriving the velocity field resulted in two different interpretations of the depth structure at the top of the gas reservoir (see Enclosures 6b and 7b). Both these maps show an essentially dip-closed structure with a NE-SW orientation. Within the overall closure a number of separate culminations are evident on both maps, namely: i) between Tubridgi No.5 and Onslow No.1; ii) between Tubridgi No.2 and Onslow No.1; iii) between Tubridgi No's 4 and 7; iv) — north of Tubridgi No.1, and v) along the upthrown side of the down-to-the-SW fault running between Chinty No.1 and Wyloo No.1. However, a number of factors suggest that the map of Enclosure 7b is more representative of the actual depth structure. Firstly, on the map of Enclosure 6b the overall structure does not close at the observed gas-water contact of 519m. Secondly, the closing contour 515m lies very close to the Wyloo No.1 well and, if it were true, would have resulted in a "watering-out" of this well. Thirdly, the structure of Enclosure 6b is much more irregular than that of Enclosure 7b, with deeper valleys separating the highs and markedly reducing the volume of reservoir rock within closure. Hence the structure of Enclosure 7b permits a more reasonable fit to the gas volume suggested by the production data. Therefore, the depth structure map of Enclosure 7b is considered to be the better approximation to the actual depth structure. On this basis, the recommended location for an additional well in the field, is at the intersection of seismic lines J84A-25 and PP88B-103. Significantly, this location is also mapped as a local high on the map of Enclosure 6. It is also worth noting that a comparison of the maps of Enclosures 5b and 6b reveals very little difference in structural form. This implies that, while the calibration of seismically derived velocities to the well data has effectively tied the depth structure to the observed formation tops at the well locations, the influence of the calibration process diminishes rapidly away from the wells. If some smoothing of the seismically derived velocities had been applied prior to calibration and depth conversion, much of the irregular nature of the Enclosure 6b map would be removed and it is likely that its form would be more similar to that of the Enclosure 7b map.LINE P88-106 Sees fF I Pees A Sa Miceryacr SebraRs. 20 $8473 isa 8a 200 2aa | 2a 26 26 TI TV SS TTT | i | | | | | 2 zy 2 3 8 . 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Boom N 285000M E wrisls 280000M & oe TUBRIDGI 414 55 OOF 414 50 00€ 444 45 00€ \ % . l \ eA wih Ege ceel eles TEX ORNS. . % ) aN ae \ u f »y Mev. \ ; j wo F pate (/ oN \ ; 5 . é ; . ; é : \. % * #2200 i 3 ' seep-20 0 150 100 . be . Petar al : . a lg a. g oP & woo} ; : ; e | 0 ei : . 4 wohoces °f 8 i RN cos i i i, w : . 7 ; 8 ies ; i tony - . 8] r 8 hoe a eee i “hee “te r E a, g 8. comet w ° oo ite = 2880 + 3 % o ; i ' ‘ % 24 45 00S + 21 50 OOS} 4: 25, 000 TUBRIDGI TIME INTERVAL between NEAR TOP LOWER GEARLE SILTSTONE and TOP MARDIE POROSITY Enclosure 3a WOP/March 41993 P5608 AleTUBRIDGI g 5 ” ° 266000M E | a 70000M E g { 275000M E i eo 250000M E = ee) — 29000 0M FF o00M N | 80 a0 230 ; a a t | ra 190 7 | : | | ose - | 7 ‘SB88-$3 © 2 8 6 + ee SB8a-13 sees | /8 3 z | | | : | } 1 , | : eee OT 9309 ‘ aeeeaat 8 ; 8 | ool s 1 21 45 00S oversees ° _ oso 32 ee 2 sen Bo gem so 8 8 8 8 ce eo & 8 ° e ia 050 aan HS 7 0100 7 . & pt, | | | i 47595000M N | lh WOP/March 41993 Enclosure 3b | - ° | | o, ” oe | ! | | Pa : 7 | v 7 . | | | 7 i | ok d | | eo] | . - & ' | Bee i] 7 . He | oh peels teslle ait | muggle 077 EY | ! | os | | % i: 47585000M N | | % ! i ii j | i i ' | \ | | ' i i | i | i | i : + = 7 | 24 50 00s ” k . | | : ~ ET SSeS : | . ee Pee eee ESE EEE EEE eee z 5 ! | | | Cae ee . , °C g %® - ' ' | | Bla eee EEE 8 . 7 \ | wade § i ' g “ee we rae cal e | 7583000m N | l _— 1 SEE EEE CeE Eee % 7 ns S Ss 2 Ee Be _ eee a : nant 3 144 45 00E q a x 114 50 00E in % 114 55 00E | | | | | ! | it | 4 | | 1 || ee | | ' TUBRIDGI 4: 25, 000 | | | PeEEEEEE eee eee eee eee \ i oo | | ' i ° Pee 2 | DEPTH INTERVAL between i i i 4 ee 7 De - i iGLoneTRES | NEAR TOP LOWER GEARLE SILTSTONE | | ° 1.90 j and TOP MARDIE POROSITY | SS | | : MILES | | | | | |a TUBRIDGI WOP/Marcn 1993 EEE Enclosure 4 ——f 266000M E ' p OME { o i 0 Saas ¥ 7000 Ss 275000M & i 2 280000M & £ 285000M E 290000M € i 7 i 0 < 7 rn T r ‘75SB000M N po — 0470 0350 o / £ % oso o1s0 - saeeig4.e 6 ° ° ° : nj ° =e Sg en 3 & | oa | | \ | aMaa-07 | 300 100 i os te | oak | i e \ +, 7595000M N 250 y 1 | . 2 ae Be gener 8 ome 8 nat 8 | 8 o3 i ° i i i | 21 45 00S r { | { ‘ | | oso { | | i \ % % 100 ane ' i i" t | e | (5 \ 4, 7590000M N | | ' | | | | | | | j | / | ask | | wos / | 2 | * 1 | | | I + + 7585000M N | | | | ' i i i i j | | i | 21 50 00S + te . | | o ee pe Poe IPSec each bese oo. j & 3 5 | | z 7 i ° 8 : 8 a { { wees ° e ° | j 8 ral ow ra oP | —aa ce a % - —— i — J | 114 45 00E a . y 114 50 00E ' sani qaatSs fooe Cee i — 7583000M N | * % Soe Eee z EE Bee 4 | I | TUBRIOGI 4: 25, 000 | | tc cnc | 1 2 ee SURFACE LAYER VELOCITY | KILOMETRES ° 00 (eae ey based on uphole velocities | MILES | J Psbor fle| | | | | | ‘75SB000M N + 7885000M N 5 7550000M N 47585000M N 7583000M N 290000M & 2 3 . ; ‘ 3 8 & 7 : i : o | + MF wos-as] we ° fee | 7% i |. jf | i : 3 3. 8} 3 & Ho = y 3 7 a x z saat : st + AS, 3 a oi 2 5 Ls po? | w : at + 3 5 oe aoe Rov a Saf aya - % y * \ ae a 4 ¥ was ot 5640 ri ae Z : $I we eee 7 Fe f =u : il] et : i 3 a | 3 > z e A serie rere iE ed : EEE Be. e : SoH SCHEHSCHE He ti ; 3 4, o 8 3 7 g : 8 a a osure Spb on TOP MARDIE POROSITY based on uncalibrated seismic vels Enc tt 25, 000 DEPTH STRUCTURE fsb07 #/ 4993 TUBRIDGI WOP/MarchTUBRIDGI i 5 280000M E i 285000M E 290000M € 266000M & 270000M & 275000M E + a T 7 (dcuseaaka | soa 8 | 1908 6 | | 007 « | | | | i 7 | 7 \ | nota Yo a ' ed | s s ¥ o 2 4, 7535000M N + + ¢ | a, ry q ry | Ve & ? | % | | 21 45 cos + | Sox | a | % | | | | | 7SS0000M N | | | | | | | i | wally eo. ° 3 ce ~ ext oh | | - * | % | | | . | | | % toy + 7585000M N | % $ | | oo \ | | | PN | | | _ J | | | i | | | | 24 50 OOS | | ; i | i | | | | | : 7 1 Hoe aaanns ~ 7583000M N | i 144 50 00E 14 55 00E | & | | | i He Z HH 7 oh | TUBRIDGI 1: 25, 000 | | uit 4: 25000 o | AVERAGE VELOCITY | ° - 3 | to | i Seaeaiatiina | TOP MARDIE POROSITY i ° 1.00 | a! i WILES | aH 1 ot oar WOP/March 1993 \ | | | | | | | | based on uncalibrated seismic vels | | | | | | | Enclosure SaTUBRIDGI 3 t 270000M E 275000M E £ 30000M & | 266000M E 275001 280000M E. : 2 cote 285000M E 290000! Fo00m N | wot-o7 | | | | + + 5,7585000M N | °, { | ? 21 45 00S T : \ | % < 2 | | 3 | | | lo? | | cs ‘ | K | i | i | | | | | + 7590000M N | \ | \| | | | | 3 | a oo . | | ont \ we? *, oa i vet oh 3% : \ > b. an nee ey 47585000M N | | % | | | | | | 21 so 00s F wes ° oe \ 8 o c oF 8 oo oP | | Fo 2 7 eee ee ws 7 ae 7 1 - - a J7583000m N | | 414 45 00E % 114 50 00E j % 114 55 00E = o | 1] | | TUBRIDGI 4: 25, 000 | | | | i 4: 25000 a AVERAGE VELOCITY | | —=-- isd \ Seer TOP MARDIE POROSITY || t ee based on calibrated seismic vels | a WOR/March 1993 Enclosure 62 | | UNEVEEGAL THASGVERSE MERCATOR PROGECTION "AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL. SPHEROIO SPHEROTO | | GNTHAL MERIDIAN 137 00 ODE 1 po t j anual 5609 AISTUBRIDGI | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | i | i | | | i | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | i 8000 N | 7535000M N ly 753i 5, 7590000M N ~ 7583000M N | | | sy | | | | | 230000M “37585000 N i Tl | | 6b ° 3 3 on TOP MARDIE POROSITY losure based on calibrated seismic vels Enc DEPTH STRUCTURE WOP/March 1993 4: 25000 7 KILOMETRES 285000M & | snamentt 114 55 00E ves-s3| B02 ey Be hy, 280000M E 114 50 00E 275000M & psbot Alb w z & 3 3 3 g a | | | | | hw E cea 3 ea z 4 ba : - —— eRe : + “9 fo ~ . j is | > ihe 7 | . | | ; | ws . Se See a eee SEE aoe SF eee EeEoeEeEet Eee = Bee ae =e EEE eee EE SEEE SEE EEE 8 2 % Q 3 8 4% 8 a ° 8 9 3 g B a a266000M & 21 45 00S | | | TUBRIDGI . é | ey | 1 | | ’ f. | e. . ¢ ¢ | £ | fe P% Isto ete i | | | | | i | i | | | L | | / | I | | i | 1 1 | asses | ae 414 45 00E po ey | TUBRIDGI 4: 25, 000 AVERAGE VELOCITY to TOP MARDIE POROSITY based on isochore and well data WOP/March 41993 Enclosure 74 P5609 Ie ee é o 70000 E 275000M E i af oe 280000M E Ee 2900098 Eooom q 7 1 : ory e “ e . % fe bo .. Z 7 130 ; yore mS 3 = 3 ee R EG RY ee eEER EP EPEE EET bee @p bree folguer at 3 » 300 3 if ee 280 | Ql .t Se 7 75S5000M N ° a > ° a 230 J 300 A i i : yy | spaprszage © meee Cette ¥ % | swriey Ge cosmos 7 ° By 8 $ cab ° % os0 | 7590000M N 7585000M N 7583000M NJScB000m N 290000m 285000M & ora S758 sas sez saa 50 8 ‘577 93500 ore s7s8 ore os ome srs 738 vas se 8 cara 2000 soa 4, 7595000M N 4, 7590000M N 4,7585000M N vast 2680000M & a TUBRIDGI 50 i 275000M E 08-27, sofe-ce *7583000M N 414 55 00E 114 50 00E 444/45 00E w z 3g 3 og cueneee i . : seo : a ‘ one os ° ° ° > S730 % 2000 ° c _ hee? } “a c eo e Pe? i cau “as ° 4x0 i oh i 4 = Baa a ° 8 EEE : € .atogots os stant, #6 + + Et ty tame a Pereeeeeeeeeeree 4 seo-23)) 8 poe i 4 = pe — coe ooo — = —, r > ‘ i : : | 0900 fn 7 on » w - ~ z= 2889 a . SL EEE 4 BEE EEE EE EEE EEE — ae peer =sEE 2 eH PoE 8 i 8 a a a 6 % 8 g B a en TOP MARDIE POROSITY based on isochore and well data WOP/March 1993 4: 25, 000 Enclosure 7b DEPTH STRUCTURE TUBRIDGI Psbor wile