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Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 10 – 17

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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
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Peer-review
 under responsibility of the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest
Keywords:VR\EHDQVGHPRQVWUDWLRQSODWIRUPH[SHULPHQWDOSORWVVR\EHDQVWHFKQRORJ\VR\EHDQVEUHHGLQJIDUPLQJ


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2210-7843 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
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Peer-review under responsibility of the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest
doi:10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.003
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