Measures of Central Tendency Avernse: Bw ay a single value wohich is used to vepreaent all the values inv the sist Since the average Lies beteem the ton extremes 1e-the largest and the srnallert observations, it ia sometimes called as a measume of central bnclency Measuns @ Central Tendeng l Mathematical Pasitonal Speak Anvage Average Avuaga 1- Medion 1 Moving Avenoge 2 Mode 2 Fragen Aveuge / Arithmetic Geamebic Haymonic Mean Mean Mean | | | | Sin ght Sine eight snl eight ARITHMETIC MEAN. Soet Ipidual Seis Only obtrvatins ane give 2 Discrete Sous > Observations along with Hei freguences ade giver 4. Continuous Seaiu Obseavations a. given in te form op clan intervals along With ther frequenaes &x:01 From the della data, calculate arithmetic mean - (Individual Sores) Poll No. 1 203 4 5 6 Marks 5 5 53 Bg Solution : Boll No Marks OD t 5 Mean (i) = BX. 2 8 N 2 2s = m0 us 4 as 5 “s so é 55 Nee Exe 160£u:0% From the Holloning data, calculate arithmetic mean - Aiscrete Senses) Maske ee Neg Shane to 28 ge Se Saludion Marks — No oshaes py 09 7 . 5 0 50 Mean (B)= Sf fx 5 2 300 " 25 30 15 = 6am ° ‘to 5 50 (750 w 4 2 =a 0 10 55 a uso _| Netto afxz6300 4:03 From the poles 4 data, coleutate arithmetic mean - (canbinuous Series) Marks o-l0 10-20 20-30 30-40 4o-D 50-60 No: § shen 10 a» oe 0 4 0 Solution Masks Mid-poet Nog Sheets cm) Pp fon ono 5 10 50 2 20 a wei 38 150 ———————— = 40°50 45 a Ip00 Tas soo 30 _uso Neigo — Zfm=6300 €x:04 From the plang data, calealate arithmetic mean - (continuous Series) Maaks I-10 M20 ai-30 31-40 4i-S0 3-60 No- q Students 10 20 30 50 4 30 Solution: Comyat the inclusive series inks encluive Soues 06-105 105-205 205-305 305-405 405-505 505-605 Macks Midget Ne ce ) w co) z oss FS 10 Mean (X) = Efm . ye W595 155 20 310 205-305 55 30 165< 6390 05-305 55 30 165 180 B54 355 50 175 Fos Wos-O5 55 40 18.20 - Go5-605 555 30 1665 Farkn| f1:05 ne auenage daly wages 910 works in a feloy Hla Re 30 and am avenge daily tages op 20 workeu in a factory ‘BY is Rl5. Find the average dolly wg J all coerkins ay both the factoin Solution la. N, be the mm. q caorkoa ep factory 'A’ 10 No be te mp + woorkens q Se 20 %, be the sve age gp corken g fotrg * Ky be the average wages oy cworkew eg qactryy ‘B's IS XK, be the conde Groage ages GZ both “the qacloy Aand 8 A. 30 in = AK + Ney Nite Xp = W0x30+@oxis) = 3004300 = 600/gp = 20 o-+20 30 The average dasly vooger op all workers 9 the factng It Re 20 €x:06 A poson calles 9 hours at a Speed of 3km per hows and. gun cvalls ¢ houss ab a Speed 4 km pr hour: What is the aveagge speed. in kom pus hour 2 Solution. Speed. in kon per. hour. Time Distance on ww wr 3 9 a7 4 ‘ 4 Swe ZWx= 5t vag Speed (%,) = Total diblance (BW) = 51 2 3-4 bem pes bur Totat time (Ew) — GEOMETRIC_MEAN Geometnc mean q “ny! observations is the wh wot 4 ther produst- Spebelicaltg, GM = Wy aeroGM RXR Xy where, X Xa" nefer te the values various observations 4 the sowes Ne = no: 4 observabions op the sercs: 2x: 07 From the frlesing data, Calculate Gwomeric Mean - Individual Sevier) Roll No. 1 203 4 5 € Masks 5 6 35 45 ss Solution: N=6 x Gem: © Autilg (29% M: = aig (28%) : Artiog (8:20 2s tig (B:202) AL (13695) * coe @M= 23-36 55 2:08 From the Ping dota, Calulate Gromebric mean - (Aiscrete Series) Marks 5 6 8 3 45 55 Nog Saderts 10 20 30 Solation Ne Zp (60 aM “ (ete) KF hegx Fly 5 19 9.4990 6990 5 623522 (20) 520 FIT 5: 80 63013979 4093 B50 544) 735 = AL (14889) 45 40 1-65.32 1G l= 30°82 55 30-7404 BAHIA Fig 20759| Ex: 09 From the plosing dota, calla Geometric mean. (continuous Sunes) Maske 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 4orSo $0°60 Nogthdens to 80 Sow Solution: N= Sf Wo (mid point Noe Shes leg » wp Gems au (L096) ne z : 5 lo 06990 - 15 20 L761 > AL (26 eazy) “ee aa10 oa buns ase = AL (261-994) ee 190 yo-30 25 30 1397341937 40 54a 104 AFR 30-4 35 50 1544 08 wos 45 40 16532 66128 @M= 3082 50-6055 30 (7404 52218 Eflogenstb794 Ext. Adepost is made at comprund. intrest @51 inthe fimt year, 107: inv the seoonch year, 16 /-in the third and 20), in the fourth year: What is the avetage vals g infoust fpr the whole peated? Satins u “F Le © the base value be 100 NYeor Compound, Value X leg I 108, 20219 GM AL (29) I tio 2004 " m us 2.0607 =AL (82028) zp 130 nore 4 ——_] = AL (2°0506) 2 gx= 804 GM 1G Avwage rake of Inioust: 12 = foo = 1247. fait Find the wnigted yeomelvic mean om the flvuing date Grasp | Index Namber | Weights Food. 150 40 Fuck & 350 5 ig 350 10 IHouse 450 20 Pent |e 550 5 Soli ” Gomp Inde Ma 8) Weg (dog Wags yet (eum) zw Food. 150 40 2176 BT 04 Fut Lighting 250 152397 aT-905 SAL (UR ot a Clothing j 350 10 RSH 25-440 House & Rent 450 20 26532 53-0640 = AL (24862) Mise 550 15 THe Gro Gz ates gusweHARMONIC MEAN Harmonic rnc of various obseavatons of a Sevieg i$ the veutprocal of the anvthmedic mean % 4 peak oy @ thir reciprocals Symbolinlly, HM N (orton 4) Me yy maha Ho the vale vain eens of ha Ses Ns TotoL wo 3 observations qi sued €x:l2 From the Pllesing dates, Coloutat Harmonut meon- (Indsviduol Sever) 5,5, 25,35, 45055 Soaton Ke 02000 00666 0-0400 00296 aa o-0182 Ip 03756 WM = 15-9744 20203156 Gx:18 From the follocsing olata., Calulate Harmon mean (Qiscrete Sener) "o x 5 i as 35 45 55 fo @ 3 % 4 30 Station xf HW 2 __N 5 2 ix) ery = 150 25 30 1396 5 M2 24357 4540 55 40 Nz €f=180 Zh GM Promm the following, codcudale Hormmonic mean Clondinuaus Sones) Class Interval O-10 (0-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 ‘so- Frequent 10 20 a0 30 40 30 Solution Clatd Tnfewval — Mid-paint Frequency ——Htrn HM: _N 00) (™) @)Solution lets Tntovol — Mad-prnt Frequency Hla HM: _N oo (mm) ) E (Hm) 0-10 5 10 2-000 = ie Ip- 20 5 20 1333 F356 yo -30 5 0 200 Hif= 26337 30-40 35 50 1429 4o-s os 40 0989 0-60 56 Zo oss Ne Sf 180 @f/m= 7-396 Ex'5: A motorist trovelted pr thre at the nob 4a kms a dog Ow the Gr eg he treyelted. — for lo hows aka speed of 48 km per hour, On the Seuond day he travelled, Pr Ht house ab a spud 4 40 bens per hours and. om the tl day for IS hours ab a speed a 92 dem por howd = hak 120s his average speed 2 Solution: — The tok distanss trove por day by the mmotost to consent; and. ‘time ond sped ot variable Thasafere, hanmonin, wean i eepprepriale ty caluulate the avtaage speed. Hm 2 NO, 3 toeted bedet % KS ta” t0"98 His —2 = BEM = 39 kms per how at a 40 tite The amount @ intewst paid om cash of the three diffownt sums g rn (0 1tfand 156 Simple mae PX anism ane ae What in the average yield re ee Sum, inverted 2 Solabion HM =—_N > ___3 3 = 32 Lybyh Let pi 102 yuo ype tant ise? izonn Key or tonto ens ‘too = = Shoo, 2 ole o it] 45000 aces = ole 2 “the avemge yield purtent onthe total gum invested io 18 Se: Ae individual purshanes pun qualita $ pen The Aelevant dala, ont given below Jualit Price par Les) | Mone id Gaal | PAS pore | MoneCaludaty the averagy price pew penal Solation Hom, = zw = M0 +600 + 600 too ap Ll ay, 400. 4, £00 4 622. G eget’ oD) ¢ To * a5 3 +4) HM= 2000 = db Sp The awvage pri pu penis to Ro MEDIAN Median 18 a, central value of te variable that divides Be series inte twe equal pants in Such & woy that half oy He obsewations Liz, aber thie value and the vemainir half Ge below his Yolue Median i called a prttinal ownage becuse id in bamd om the position ego. git oburtatirn in a svncn arranged. in am ascending. oF order and the posihion of median io sub that ow equal number 9 obsewations We om Cithew side 9 rt Medion ia wauadly donated, ly ‘Med’ or ‘My esi Fem the folhacing date, Caladats Madino- (Individual, Seria) 7 a Marks 25 95 5 45 I5 35 Go Ssudion: range the senso ie ortending orden 5 6 a Gs 5s Asartaum NH observation Tel obsewation = 2 obserwation = “*obsewation z = co Median (Med)= Sige Q the 4M observation = 35 Ex; From the flowing date, cabudats median: Caer Swen) Masks Ws 55 8S No qSkuens 42 0 32 50 920 Solution: Artangs the seer in oacaneding orden 5 16 3% 35 45 55Asarhiin Nil cherwation = 18041), «i, = 90-59 obsexvabion i ls Marke inv No q Stuclendts Cumulative Pequeis Arcnaing ove) ® ca) 5 ‘0 0 5 2% 30 a5 30 bo 5 so we 465 40 ‘0 55 30 190 Carmalatin qpeguaney Which mcladea $0°5% olsewasina: 110 Medion = Sige q cbvewation corraponding Ilo = 35 Median : 35 Sa:20 From the following dada, Cabudaty Median Continusus Seva) Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 4o-$o 50-60 No: ay Students o ao 30 ‘So 40 30 Seltion Masks Nog Shen Cumulatina frequncion oo co) ch a 710 0 10 ati eo 5 oe my wet Cn 50 Wo a Go -So 40 150 0 36 ito Bsurtain sige Ny observadion = Wo], = 0% observation Cumubatoe —requoray — whith inauds 30° obsewabion = 110 Class cortaponding he lio = 30-40 Median > [4 Mathai Chats Lx Loves Limit of the mualion dant = 30 Naz Wop, 290 cf + Canales repuenay of He clas prceing te rll class = 60 Be Simple pequer ofthe medion cleat = “so Gs lar infor “ep He Midian dow = Medion = 304 20=62x10 = 304 Salo = S46 = 36 2 soMedian = 30+ 20=62x10 = 30+ $Bu0 = 3046 =36 0 so Median = 36 MaDe Mode ftom saad to be that valut in serie Cohiche cccurs mosh frequently 2 hich has the gieatut Pequengy: Retlen ib ww Unt volut arama shiek, the ceservation tend te eoncantrd haa tio vamally clenoted by “Ho Sx: From the fruswing date, Coluulate Mode. Cindividuah gries) Ro&No § 2 3 4 5 € 7 8 GF Maks 2 30 31 38 35 35 30 1 30 32 Sito Monks Nog Himes occas 2 1 s a ® at 2 3a a io Sirus the obiewvation 30 seewss movimum mbes of Kins st: Shenae the modal rake ou 3 Cat From the alwing dele, Cabudahs Mell iseee Sos) Ma 60 ag a8 ts 5 No-q Studer 10 20-30 S04 30. Solution: Since the masrimum jequeng i850, the mode corresponding te thie volut 1S 35 x:23 Find, the Mode CM) pr the pllooing infprmation on the marks obtained, by he Students - (Discrete Sever) Marks Sp ug B & 6 6 1 2 No Sdn 4 6 5 9 2 a2 M6 8 1 Solution: Snax the en beoeem the highest joy (eat) anck the Ho fequamuian prtce ite Ge shad 20) 1s eng smal» The jeguany Thich ia monk 6 Be ighent repung Ge0d is elso very small Thinsfore, stoning fa ke done fo asundain he modal class Grouping Aol Maaks | Gol 1 Gob Cob tol oS et ls io! [» ole ml * ley.ColNe.|5 to egg eg 20 Toto, 3 @® 4 4 The highest total in the omrolysio table io 5 The obsvivation covrtaponding bit in M- Thiatfre, Mods (Ma) is 4 Ex: 34 From the Plooing date, Calcuatr Mods (continuous Series) Marks o-10 0-20 20-30 30-40 4O-So 50-60 Nog shdenls 10 8 se a 30 NO Gin Ale hight fpeypurny is So, i de th he clas 30-49 , the wodeh clout i a 18 50, it correspon e clam 20-40, He model ol ig 30-40 Mode = (Lich xi gg Mode: La —Hhetel i hoe Br frh fol Het! OM Ls lew Limit q te modal tus = 30 k frequency q the raed clus = 50 : Srequeny ay the pre- medal clam = 30 fa = freguonag 9 Be post weeded claus « 40 iz Chis intewal of te modal claw z 10 Mode = 50-30 60-30-40 Masts | og Haden ao 0 #30 + ae x10 el eae oo 20-30 aot a Bho L &- + ae x (oo 30-40 30+ 202. 0 30 646 Mode = 36-6 2: Cabana, he ode frm the pling data Ceontinuous Stace) Mails 0-9 Weld o-23 38-39 Hot S059 No-@ Shdenh 3 #8 1 ‘ 3 Solution & inspection it is dijffiutt 4 antertain the modal claws Thurfore, We havt rurost to qouping table and analysis table ruthed Songing Tae Mats Colt Gala Col3 CoH Col Cal 2 sols! Jen: 3 @ rR Oe Avabysis Thle ColNo. 9-9 [9-19 20-29 80-39 0-49 50-59 Total 1 4 @® 3 i From the analysis fabk, the highest tote in 5 which correaponds to the cla inkral 90°39 Theefore, 30-39 is the modal Clam Bid the manimum preg Hiss in the clase 20-29 Thanefort, mort suctable formula jer Caluudating the mode da ty y/ G95 be the real lowe Umit 4 the medal olen 295 = 39:5) 2295 4 © x10225 + © x10 S46 = a5 4 bof, S895 + 4285 ‘MN, = 33-7851 x 33-19 Fe: Cabanas the role fmm the igllnsng date Continuous seats) Maks 40-43 50-53 60-69 10-19 40-89 99-99 00-(09 110-119 Nov Shidens 7 9 6 3 wb B 7 Goin: By inapecon, the rmedal claat is 13. bub Ge iM vot Aeaert ty inspection method. aacatain te modal ches We will apply gpeuping table ond analyse table method Gampg Tel Masks Gol id Gis Gly Cols eolee an ar x 50-59 9 } 1" mu x 60-69 410. j we ro J» le “» O16 } ® 20-990 | @ ® mo ot 5 lo toi? 7 x ook Analysis Table Cal Ne- | 49°49. 50°59 e-€9. 10-79 90°89 20-29 100-109 10-199 1 1 2 mo 3 ( 4 roy 5 rod ‘ ee “bial 2 © @® 3 4 Sine manimum ‘blak 5 cecurs twice. the mode, therefore is ill-clifined ard is te be determined by using Be formuta Mo = 3 Median - 2 Mean(bus conmtrt inelusive Serize itty exclusive Serie les ipo egy Magg ft 39-5 - 49-5 7 445 7 aus 49-5 - 59-5 g sae 16 490-5 595 695 10 645 ue 645 695-195 6 Tes 32 4a 795 - 895 3 84:5 45 (098-5 Ne fs ‘Efms 5993 Mean X= fm aap Bo-9964 7% 809% Sige OY Mp observation = Size Mg. 34° observation 31 oléenvation imclusled in the Cf: 45 which Corvtopinda te He class intel 195-825 Thurepre, the median cam 18 795-895 Medi Ma = Lp Marthe; # = 15 + 31=32x10 13 5 4 58 rs = st 3-846 Mg= 89-346 Mode = 3 Median - 2 Mean 2 3 (03-346) ~ 2 (90-989) = 250-08 = 161-974 lode = 88-064 Mowe AVERAGE Moving average in an arithmetic avtrage % dala ariaing wr a period q timeMong AVERAGE Moving average io am arithmetic average dele adteing Ov a prried @ time and in salut by Aeplasing the first htm? te seu by the renily wig observation: Gach, roving evenage is based ey Valuer covtaing a fired time Span hich to calle “feied q moving avnays” €x:27 — Cobwtate 3 ye moving aviay from the Plosing dake, Yeon, oo! 4002 «2003 A004 2005 R006 Soles 5 5 Gein Crore) Solution :- Calestation reeving annoys year Sales 3 Year movi 3 your moving a me NE tg 2001S fot is 45 6 Ce 15 % nou a5 195 6 ims 48 15 46 noe 55 PROGRESSIVE AVERAGE Fao average is am arithmetic rvcan gf the proprsive tater Ge cumalatirt tte) bx: 28 Coleulate proesine average pom ie fliowing date Yen, ool 2002 —-2003-—aook 005-2006 Lolalincor) 5 55S Solabion Cabot of fareive Avia Yeu Sala Phapwnine oak Paeeie me ers Tope rage @ @ © o e:¢/p ool 5 5 1 5 aes 2 '0 2003 3S 45 3 1S 2004 35 60 4 20 2005 45 135 S 5 zoe SS \to ‘ a