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Parental Support Is Associated With Healthy Movement Behaviours In Children With Disabilities During Covid-19

Sarah A. Moore1, Ritu Sharma2, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis3, Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos2. 1Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. 2University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 3University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada. (Sponsor: Dr. Karin Pfeiffer, FACSM)

Parental support of healthy movement behaviours (i.e., daily physical activity, PA; reduced sedentary behaviours, SB; and adequate sleep) is important, particularly in children and youth with
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disabilities (CYWD), who are often less active and more sedentary, on average, compared with typically developing children. The COVID-19 pandemic and related public health restrictions
have limited children’s PA and increased SBs and placed significant stress on families of CYWD. Parental support of healthy movement behaviours may be critical in mitigating the negative
effects of the COVID-19 pandemic for CYWD.
PURPOSE: To assess the association between parental support and healthy movement behaviours in CYWD during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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METHODS: We recruited parents of school-aged CYWD (n=151) in April/May 2020. Parents assessed their child’s previous 7-day PA, SB, and sleep, perceived changes in their child’s
movement behaviours due to the COVID-19 restrictions, and perceived parental support of their child’s movement behaviours during COVID-19. We assessed the association between
movement behaviours and parental factors using Pearson and point-biserial correlations, where *=p<.05 and **=p<.01.
RESULTS: Few CYWD were meeting the combined healthy movement behaviour guidelines (1.3%) during the initial phase (April/May 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Parent
encouragement was positively associated with increased child’s outdoor PA (.23**), wheeling, walking, and biking (.19**), indoor PA (.16**), chores (.19*), and family-based PA (.26**).
Parental co-play was similarly positively associated with the child’s increased outdoor PA (.26**), wheeling, walking, and biking (.39**), and family-based PA (.26**). Overall parent
capability and opportunity to support movement behaviours was positively associated with the child’s increased child’s outdoor PA (.38**), wheeling, walking, and biking (.26**), chores
(.16*), and family-based PA (.37**), as well as increased sleep quality (0.31**) and decreased screen time (-.22**).
CONCLUSIONS: Parents of CYWD have an important role in encouraging healthy movement behaviours. As we recover from the COVID-19 pandemic, return to play recommendations
should consider the role of the family in supporting healthy movement behaviours in CYWD.

660

The Effects Of Pre-Exercise Glycerol Hyperhydration On Subsequent Exercise Performance: A Meta-analysis

Nicholas T. Barefoot1, Tori Stone2, Danilo Tolusso3, Jonathan Wingo, FACSM1, Hayley MacDonald1. 1University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL. 2Yale School
of Medicine, New Haven, CT. 3Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY.

PURPOSE: We sought to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the available literature to estimate the effect of glycerol supplementation on exercise performance.
METHODS: Six electronic databases were searched for studies that included the following: human subjects ≥18 y, glycerol and placebo or control conditions/groups, and a measure of
performance.
RESULTS: Twenty-one studies yielded 33 effects (k). Subjects (n = 166) were young adults ([M ± SD] 25 ± 4 y), fit (maximal oxygen uptake = 58.3 ± 4.1 mL·kg -1·min-1), and mostly men
(98%). The majority of the sample (k = 25, 76%) had subjects exercise in hot and/or humid environmental conditions (32.6 ± 2.6 °C), and more than half (k = 17, 52%) used a measure of total
work (e.g., distance covered, time to exhaustion) to gauge performance. On average, studies achieved a moderate quality rating (satisfied 61.6 ± 9.2% of quality items), although the quality
scores ranged widely from 38.3% to 86.4%. Overall, glycerol supplementation had a negligible effect on performance compared to a placebo or control treatment (standardized mean difference
[SMD] = 0.12; 95% CI: -0.01, 0.26), and this SMD effect size lacked heterogeneity (Q32 = 10.25, p = 0.99; I2 = 0%). A priori subgroup analyses failed to identify any significant effect
modifiers related to sample characteristics (e.g., training status, baseline hydration status), performance test and environmental conditions (e.g., anaerobic vs. aerobic test, hot vs. temperate
environment), or glycerol supplementation (e.g., dosage, mixture vs. bolus consumption method) (p > 0.05 for all).
CONCLUSIONS: Glycerol supplementation was found to have a negligible effect on exercise performance; however, the practical significance of its use should also be considered when
interpreting these results. The lack of heterogeneity observed limits the external validity of our findings (i.e., ecological fallacy). Hence, the lack of improvement in performance may be
attributable to the specific characteristics of our sample and not glycerol supplementation per se. Future studies should investigate the potential performance benefits of glycerol
supplementation among unique populations or exercise modes in conditions that elicit greater and prolonged heat stress.

661

Tai Chi Effects On Posture Control Of Elderly Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta-analysis

Yanwei You1, Jianxiu Liu1, Meihua Tang2, Dizhi Wang1, Xindong Ma1. 1Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. 2Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai,
China.

PURPOSE:Knee osteoarthritis (OA), a leading issue nowadays, is becoming one of the most common degenerative joint disorders in the worldwide as the sharp increase of aging population.
It remained unclear whether Tai Chi was effective for posture control improvements in aged populations with knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the
effects of Tai Chi on improving balance function and posture control in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis by updating the latest trial evidence.
METHODS: Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, PEDro and Cochrane library were searched up to October 1st, 2020 to identify RCTs evaluating Tai Chi for improving
balance function and posture control in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. The primary outcomes were 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) and time up and go test (TUG), The secondary outcome
was ‘Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index’ (WOMAC) Physical Function Score. This meta-analysis was performed with RevMan Version 5.3 software.
RESULTS: A total of 603 participants with knee osteoarthritis in the 11 RCTs were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: The Tai Chi group was associated with better
performance in 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) , time up and go test (TUG) and WOMAC Physical Function Score than the control group [(MD: 46.67, 95% CI 36.91 to 56.43,P<0.001)], [(MD: -
0.89, 95% CI -1.16 to -0.61, P<0.001)], [(MD: -11.28, 95% CI -13.33to -9.24, P<0.001)].
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides evidence from 11 RCTs that Tai Chi could be an excellent physical training strategy for improving posture control ability in older adults with
knee osteoarthritis. Assuming that Tai Chi is at least effective and safe in most areas, it could be used as an adjuvant and reliable training method for balance upgrading and postural control
improvements for older patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Supported by the National Social Science Fund of China (NO.16BTY065).
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