SSC JE 2023 Electrical Engineering

SSC JE 2023 (Electrical Engineering)
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SSC JE 2023 Overview
Staff Selection Commission (SSC) has released the official notification for Junior Engineer (Electrical) on 26 July 2023. The key
information related to SSC JE Recruitment 2023 is given in the below table:
SSC JE 2023 Overview

Conducting Authority Staff Selection Commission (SSC)
Exam Name SSC Junior Engineer (SSC JE)
Branch Electrical Engineering
Frequency Of Exam Once A Year
Level Of Exam National Level Exam
Application Mode Online
Exam Mode Online and Offline
SSC JE 2023 Notification Release 26 July 2023
SSC JE 2023 Exam Date 9, 10 & 11 October 2023
Selection Process Paper 1: Computer-Based Test (CBT) |Paper 2: Computer-
Based Test (CBT) | Document Verification
SSC JE 2023 Official Website www.ssc.nic.in
SSC JE Vacancy 2023

In this section, the SSC JE Vacancy trend is given for Electrical Engineering. Check the SSC JE Electrical Engineering Vacancy for
2022 and 2023 given in the table below:
SSC JE Electrical Vacancy Trend

Year JE (Electrical) Vacancy
2023 197
2022 630
2020-21 241
SSC JE Exam Pattern 2023

The Staff Selection Commission (SSC) will select the eligible candidates for the post of Junior Engineer (JE) in Electrical
Engineering on the basis of their performance in stage 1, stage 2, and document verification. The SSC JE Exam Pattern for Paper
1 and Paper 2 is given below:
SSC JE Paper 1 Exam Pattern 2023

The SSC JE 2023 Paper 1 is the primary phase of the examination cycle for the SSC JE 2023 test. The crux of the SSC JE Exam
Pattern 2023 is given below:
SSC JE Exam Pattern For Paper 1

Papers Questions Marks Duration
General Intelligence & Reasoning 50 50 2 Hrs.
General Awareness 50 50
Part-B General Engineering (Electrical) 100 100
Total 200 200

SSC JE Exam Pattern 2023 for Paper 2
The candidates who clear the cutoff of SSC JE 2023 Paper 1 are going to appear for SSC JE Paper 2 2023:
• The SSC JE Paper 2 exam is a Computer based test.

• Paper 2 of the SSC JE 2023 exam will have questions only from the technical subject as per the educational qualification
that the candidates have chosen.
• The SSC JE 2023 Paper 2 will be a total of 300 marks.
• There is a negative marking of 1/3 marks in Paper 2 of the SSC JE 2023 exam.
Paper 2 Questions Marks Time

Part-A General Engineering (Civil & Structural) 100 300 2 Hrs.
OR
Part- B General Engineering (Electrical) 100 300 2 Hrs.
OR
Part-C General Engineering (Mechanical) 100 300 2 Hrs.
SSC JE 2023 Eligibility Criteria

The detailed SSC JE 2023 Eligibility Criteria are covered here encompassing Educational Qualification & Age Limit:
Educational Qualification
The department-wise SSC JE (Electrical) Educational Qualification is given in the table below:
Posts Department Required Educational Qualification

Degree in Electrical or Mechanical Engineering from a
recognized University/Board; Or
Junior Engineer Military Engineer Services (a) 3 years diploma in Electrical or Mechanical Engineering from
(Electrical & Mechanical) (MES) a recognized Institute/ University/ Board; and
(b) 2 years of experience in Planning/ Execution/ Maintenance
of Electrical or Mechanical Engineering work
Junior Engineer Central Public Works Diploma in Electrical or Mechanical Engineering from a
(Electrical) Department (CPWD) recognized University/ Board/ Institute
Junior Engineer Diploma in Electrical Engineering from a recognized University/
Farakka Barrage Project
(Electrical) Board/ Institute
Junior Engineer Central Water Power Diploma in Electrical Engineering from a recognized
(Electrical) Research Station University/Board
Degree in Electrical Engineering from a recognized University/
Board; or
Junior Engineer Directorate of Quality
(a) 3 years Diploma in Electrical Engineering from a recognized
(Electrical) Assurance, Naval
University/ Institution; and
(b) 2 years of experience in the relevant field.
Junior Engineer National Technical Research Diploma in Electrical Engineering from a recognized University/
(Electrical) Organization Institution
Age Limit
The age limit of candidates for SSC JE Electrical Recruitment 2023 as on the last date of application is given in the table below.
Department Post Maximum Age

Central Public Works Department (CPWD) Junior Engineer (Electrical) 32 Years
Military Engineer Services (MES) Junior Engineer (Electrical) 30 years
Farakka Barrage Project Junior Engineer (Electrical) 30 years

Central Water and Power Research Station Junior Engineer (Electrical) 30 years
Directorate of Quality Assurance (Naval) Junior Engineer (Electrical) 30 years
National Technical Research Organization
Junior Engineer (Electrical) 30 years
(NTRO)
SSC JE Syllabus 2023
We have discussed the Electrical syllabus here for SSC JE Exam 2023 in this section for paper 1 and paper 2.
SSC JE Tier 1 Electrical Syllabus

The SSC JE Tier 1 Syllabus is given below for Electrical Engineering:
Section Syllabus
• Classification
• Analogy
• Coding-Decoding
• Paper Folding Method
• Matrix
• Word Formation
• Venn Diagram
• Direction and Distance
• Blood Relations
• Series
• Verbal Reasoning
• Non-Verbal Reasoning
General Intelligence & Reasoning • Seating arrangements
• Space Visualization
• Problem-Solving Analysis
• Judgment
• Decision Making
• Visual Memory
• Discrimination
• Observation
• Relationship Concept
• Arithmetical Reasoning
• Verbal and Figure Classification
• Arithmetical Number Series
• Arithmetical Computations
• Static General Knowledge
• Science
• Current Affairs
• Sports
• Books and Authors
• Important Schemes
General Knowledge
• Prominent Personalities in the News
• History
• Culture
• Geography
• Economic
• Awards and Honors
Electrical Engineering • Basic concepts

• Circuit law
• AC Fundamentals
• Magnetic Circuit
• Electrical Machines
• Utilization and Electrical Energy
• Transmission and Distribution
• Estimation and Costing
• Basic Electronics
• Generation
• Fractional Kilowatt Motors and single-phase induction Motors
• Measurement and Measuring instruments
• Synchronous Machines
SSC JE Tier 2 Electrical Syllabus

The SSC JE Tier 2 Syllabus 2023 for Electrical Engineering is given below:
Basic concepts: Concepts of resistance, inductance, capacitance, and various factors affecting them. Concepts of current, voltage,
power, energy, and their units.
Circuit law: Kirchhoff’s law, Simple Circuit solution using network theorems.
Magnetic Circuit: Concepts of flux, MMF, reluctance, Different kinds of magnetic materials, Magnetic calculations for conductors
of different configurations e.g. straight, circular, solenoidal, etc. Electromagnetic induction, self, and mutual induction.
AC Fundamentals: Instantaneous, peak, R.M.S. and average values of alternating waves, Representation of sinusoidal wave
form, simple series and parallel AC Circuits consisting of R.L. and C, Resonance, Tank Circuit. Poly Phase system – star and delta
connection, 3 phase power, DC, and sinusoidal response of R-Land R-C circuit.
Measurement and measuring instruments: Measurement of power (1 phase and 3 phase, both active and re-active) and
energy, 2 wattmeter method of 3 phase power measurement. Measurement of frequency and phase angle. Ammeter and
voltmeter (both moving oil and moving iron type), an extension of range wattmeter, Multimeters, Megger, Energy meter AC
Bridges. Use of CRO, Signal Generator, CT, PT, and their uses. Earth Fault detection.
Electrical Machines: (a) D.C. Machine – Construction, Basic Principles of D.C. motors and generators, their characteristics, speed
control, and starting of D.C. Motors. Method of braking motor, Losses, and efficiency of D.C. Machines. (b) 1-phase and 3-phase
transformers – Construction, Principles of operation, equivalent circuit, voltage regulation, O.C., and S.C. Tests, Losses, and
efficiency. Effect of voltage, frequency, and waveform on losses. Parallel operation of 1-phase/3 phase transformers. Auto
transformers. (c) 3-phase induction motors, rotating magnetic field, the principle of operation, equivalent circuit, torque-speed
characteristics, starting and speed control of 3-phase induction motors. Methods of braking, the effect of voltage and frequency
variation on torque speed characteristics.
Fractional Kilowatt Motors and Single Phase Induction Motors: Characteristics and applications.
Synchronous Machines: Generation of 3-phase E.M.F. armature reaction, voltage regulation, parallel operation of two
alternators, synchronizing, and control of active and reactive power. Starting and applications of synchronous motors.

Generation, Transmission, and Distribution: Different types of power stations, Load factor, diversity factor, demand factor,
cost of generation, and interconnection of power stations. Power factor improvement, various types of tariffs, types of faults,
and short circuit current for symmetrical faults. Switchgears – rating of circuit breakers, Principles of arc extinction by oil and
air, H.R.C. Fuses, Protection against earth leakage / over current, etc. Buchholtz relay, Merz-Price system of protection of
generators & transformers, protection of feeders and bus bars. Lightning arresters, various transmission and distribution
systems, comparison of conductor materials, and the efficiency of a different
system. Cable – Different types of cables, cable ratings, and derating factors.
Estimation and costing: Estimation of lighting scheme, electric installation of
machines, and relevant IE rules. Earthing practices and IE Rules.
Utilization of Electrical Energy: Illumination, Electric heating, Electric welding,
Electroplating, Electric drives, and motors.
Basic Electronics: Working of various electronic devices e.g. P N Junction diodes,
Transistors (NPN and PNP type), BJT, and JFET. Simple circuits using these devices.
SSC JE Application Fees

The aspirants are required to pay the application fees through online mode using
a debit/credit card, internet banking, UPI, etc. Check the category-wise application
fees as tabulated here.
SSC JE 2023 Application Fee Details

Category Application Fees
General/OBC Candidates Rs. 100/-
SC/ST/PwD/Female Candidates Nil
SSC JE Salary 2023

The SSC JE will receive a salary in the pay scale of Rs.35400-112400/ -. The SSC JE In-Hand Salary will be Rs. 44,000 (Incl. of all
remittances) each month.
SSC JE Previous Year Cutoff

The SSC JE Previous Year Cutoff Marks for the Junior Engineer Electrical vacancies are given below:
SSC JE 2022 Final Cutoff (Electrical Engineering)
Details of Last Selected Candidates

Category
Total Marks Paper- II Marks
Border Roads Organization
EWS 353.06669 241
SC 336.00120 221
ST 327.97938 195
UR 356.63655 213
Central Public Works Department
EWS 380.05702 247
SC 359.09186 237
ST 351.79392 230
OH 300.38018 207
HH 233.52623 166

OBC 377.06415 233
PWD-OTH 119.00002 74
UR 388.09175 263
Central Water Power Research Station
ST 346.27424 240
UR 378.81850 239
Military Engineer Services
EWS 367.73051 247
SC 346.63751 230
ST 338.65753 212
OH 255.37794 152
HH 196.64575 117
OBC 363.75321 233
UR 373.55197 237
Ministry of Defence (DGQA NAVAL)
EWS 367.17866 249
ST 334.91001 212
HH 172.28687 98
OBC 362.44939 234
UR 370.91351 244
SSC JE Electrical Cutoff 2022-2018 (Paper 1)
Category 2022 2020-21 2019 2018

General 123.45544 120.02518 157.47167 152.16
SC 103.62297 99.15648 140.59015 133.39
ST 95.48242 99.15648 135.88541 125.49
OBC 123.32980 114.21184 153.26874 149.30
EWS 110.39317 108.14574 151.04061 147.47
OH 89.54048 79.83729 127.29476 -
HH 54.63764 48.86278 92.49467 -
Others PwD 40.00000 - - -
SSC JE Electrical Cutoff 2017-2012 (Paper 1)
Category 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012

General 136.25 115 131 117.5 100.75 90.5
EWS - - - - - -
OBC 133.25 109.5 125.25 109.5 94.75 81.5
SC 120 99 114.75 102.5 88.75 75.5
ST 114.5 94.5 105.5 93.75 77.25 66.5

OH 113 87 100 93 77.25 60.25
HH 83.5 54 80.5 69 55 30
SSC JE PYQ
Q1. Which of the following is a moving iron instrument’s (a) generate reactive power
benefit? (b) operate crushers
(a) It can be used under severe over-load conditions. (c) run lathe machines
(b) It has linear scale. (d) run reciprocating pumps
(c) Its current sensitivity is high.
(d) It can be used at high frequencies. Q6. A 3-phase, 1500 KVA, 6600 v, star-connected alternator
has 9 slots per pole and 6 conductors per slot. The output of
Q2. If there is no same voltage ratio while conducting parallel this alternator on a particular load is given by 1200 KW and
operation of three-phase transformers, then it produces total losses of the machine is equal to 55 kW. What is the value
____________. of percentage efficiency?
(a) circulating current (a) 93.12
(b) leakage flux (b) 99.2
(c) leakage flux hysteresis (c) 90.23
(d) magnetic and hysteresis (d) 95.62
Q3. In the diode V-I characteristics, the resistance of the Q7. A two terminal network is connected to a resistive load
circuit is ____________ if a slope is drawn between the voltages whose resistance is equal to two times the Norton’s resistance
100V to 200V and the corresponding current is 5A and 20A. of the network. What will be the load current if Norton’s
(a) 0.15 Ω current is IN ?
(b) 6.66 Ω (a) IN
(c) 10 Ω (b)
2IN
3
(d) 20 Ω
(c) Zero
IN
(d)
Q4. The centre-tapped full wave rectifier’s efficiency is 3
___________.
(a) 50% Q8. Which of the following statements is FALSE about LED
(b) 40.6% lamps?
(c) 81.2% (a) An LED is doped with silicon and germanium like all
(d) 45.3% semiconductor devices.
(b) An LED works in forward biased condition only.
Q5. Over excited synchronous motors are used to: (c) An LED is a semiconductor device.

(d) The cathode region of an LED would have a slight bent in (d) 4 V
the structure in comparison with the anode portion.
Q15. According to BIS, the panel board and meter board are
Q9. Grading of cable is done in order to ____________. to be kept at a height of ___________.
(a) increase the quantity of insulation (a) 1.2 m
(b) achieve the uniform stress (b) 1.8 m
(c) reduce the quality of insulation (c) 2.5 m
(d) 1.5 m
(d) achieve the no-uniform stress
Q16. The quantity that describes the light giving radiant

Q10. If the supply voltage is 160 V, the value of power
power of a luminaire in any particular direction is called
dissipated in the 10Ω resistor will be:
___________.
(a) luminosity
(b) luminance luminous intensity
(c) luminous flux
(d) luminous intensity
Q17. A resistor of 8 Ω and a capacitor of 178μF are connected

in series to a 250V, 50 Hz supply. Net impedance of the circuit
(a) 1000 W is given by 19.6 Ω. What is the value of reactive power?
(b) 6 W (a) 2968.1 VAR
(c) 100 W (b) 2511 VAR
(d) 360 W (c) 2912.5 VAR
(d) 3196.4 VAR
Q11. Primary distribution is carried out by ___________.
Q18. Find the voltage drop across a 13Ω resistor.
(a) single phase two wire system
(b) single phase three wire system
(c) two phase three wire system
(d) three phase three wire system
Q12. The annual load duration curve is a straight line from 20

MW to 6 MW. Find the load factor.
(a) 50% (a) 14V
(b) 75% (b) 26V
(c) 85% (c) 10V
(d) 65% (d) 40V
Q13. A single-phase transformer is fed with a rated supply Q19. The working principle of a BLDC motor is _______________.
and operates at no load. If the core of the transformer is air- (a) Lorentz force law
core, then the waveform of steady state magnetising current (b) Fleming’s right hand rule
drawn from the supply would be a ____________. (c) Electromagnetic Induction
(a) pure sinusoidal wave (d) Fleming’s left hand rule
(b) peaky wave with strong third harmonic component
(c) rectangular wave Q20. The current flowing through 61 Ω resistor is:
(d) flat topped wave
Q14. A coil has 200 turns. Find the induced EMF in it, if the
flux changes from 1 mwb to 2 mwb in 0.1 sec?
(a) 20 V
(b) 10 V
(c) 2 V

(a) 15A
(b) 30A
(c) 5A
(d) 10A
Q21. The value of the current I in the figure shown below is:
(a) 20H
(b) 48H
(c) 70H
(d) 100H
Q26. Maximum demand is generally ___________ the connected

load.
(a) more than
(b) equal to
(c) less than
(a) –112 A (d) have no relation with
(b) 112 A
(c) 98 A Q27. The earnest money of unsuccessful tenders is refunded
(d) 0 A to the tenderers as soon as possible after _____________.
(a) 3 months
Q22. The dual network of the figure shown below consists of: (b) disposal of tenders
(c) 1 month
(d) completion of work
Q28. If the maximum demand is 100 kW, the load factor is

100%, then find Units generated/annum.
(a) 876 TWh
1 (b) 876 Wh
(a) a voltage source of 15A, an inductor of F and a capacitor (c) 876 kWh
3
1
of F (d) 876 MWh
12
1
(b) a current source of 15V, a capacitor of H and a capacitor
1
3 Q29. Tenders are ordinarily invited on tender forms
of F prescribed for the purpose. If any alteration is to be made, it
12
1
(c) a voltage source of 15V, a capacitor of F and a capacitor should be done after taking prior sanction of the __________.
3
1 (a) local agency
of F
12 (b) purchase assistant
(d) a current source of 15A, a capacitor of 3F and a capacitor (c) contractor
of 12F (d) competent authority
Q23. The rating of a transformer is in kVA because ___________. Q30. The average demand is the average of loads taking place
(a) only the copper losses depend on the voltage on the power station in a given period of ___________.
(b) the total losses depend only on the current
(a) current
(c) only the iron losses depend on the current
(b) velocity
(d) the total losses depend on the voltage and current
(c) time
(d) frequency
Q24. Solar PV cells produce ___________.
(a) direct current
Q31. The EMF is induced only when there is _____________.
(b) eddy current
(c) no current (a) moving conductor links with the magnetic flux
(d) alternative current (b) stationary conductor links with the stationary magnetic
flux
Q25. For the three coupled coils in the figure shown below, (c) either magnetic flux linking with the coil changes or
calculate the total inductance: moving conductor links with the magnetic flux

(d) magnetic flux links with coil changes Q39. If the hydroelectric power plant rating is 200 MVA and
it currently supplies only 120 MVA, then what is the value of
Q32. The speed of the aluminum disc in an energy meter is the hot reserve?
controlled by _________. (a) 120 MVA
(a) shunt and series magnets (b) 80 MVA
(b) series magnet (c) 200 MVA
(c) shunt magnet (d) 320 MVA
(d) braking magnet
Q40. If the contractor fails to submit with bill the document of
handing over charge on inventory form duly signed by the
Q33. In dynamically induced EMF, the stationary part and
user department concerned, then the amount deducted will
rotating part are ___________, respectively. generally be ______________.
(a) brush and commutator (a) 20%
(b) magnetic field and conductor (b) 10%
(c) conductor and magnetic field (c) 5%
(d) commutator and brush (d) 15%
Q34. Corona loss in DC transmission supply is ____________. Q41. Which of the following statements does NOT come under
(a) 10 times more than AC the advantages of stationary armature in an alternator?
(b) infinite (a) Sparking at brushes is completely avoided.
(c) Zero (b) Stator winding is subjected to centrifugal forces.
(d) less than AC (c) Perfect mechanical balance is obtained on stator winding.
(d) Commutator is not present.
Q35. Two electric lamps have filaments of the same metal
Q42. The rectifier efficiency of a half-wave rectifier is
having the same thickness. If one of them gives 100 watt and
____________ if the input power to the rectifier is 150 W and
other gives 500 watt across the same supply, then:
output power is 50 W.
(a) 100 watt lamp filament has a longer length
(a) 66.66%
(b) 100 watt lamp filament has shorter a length (b) 33.33%
(c) 100 watt and 500 watt lamp filaments have the same (c) 100%
length (d) 300%
(d) 500 watt lamp filament has a longer length
Q43. An 8 Kw, 4-Pole, 220 V, 50 Hz reluctance motor has a
Q36. Hysteresis loss depends on which of the following torque angle of 30° when operating under rated load
factors? conditions. Calculate load torque.
(a) Frequency of magnetic reversals (a) TL = 71 N-m
(b) Square of the Steinmetz hysteresis coefficient (b) TL = 51 N-m
(c) Square of the thickness of the material (c) TL = 41 N-m
(d) Square of the maximum flux density (d) TL = 61 N-m
Q44. The value of IZ shown in the given circuit is ______________.

Q37. The phenomenon of fluorescence in a fluorescent lamp
mainly occurs due to the presence of:
(a) argon
(b) mercury
(c) xenon
(d) phosphorous
Q38. Which of the following is used with a photometer for the (a) 0.02 A
conversion of light into electric current? (b) 0.02 mA
(a) Inductor (c) 0.08 mA
(b) Photo diode (d) 0.08 A
(c) Resistor
(d) Capacitor Q45. Which of the following statements is true about phasor
representation of sinusoidal quantities?

(a) Represent a sinusoidal quantity by a line of definite length
rotating in the clockwise direction with different angular Q52. Capacity factors of a plant is based on ___________.
velocity. (a) plant impedance
(b) Represent a sinusoidal quantity by a line of definite length (b) plant operating frequency
rotating in the counter-clockwise direction with different (c) plant reactance
angular velocity. (d) plant resistance
(c) Represent a sinusoidal quantity by a line of definite length
rotating in the counter-clockwise direction with the same Q53. Which one of the four options is true about the circuit
angular velocity as that of sinusoidal quantity. shown below:
(d) Represent a sinusoidal quantity by a line of definite length
rotating in the clockwise direction with the same angular
velocity as that of sinusoidal quantity.
Q46. Which of the following motors is used in the application

of biomedical instruments used for artificial heart pumping?
(a) DC shunt motor
(b) Alternator (a) Superposition theorem can be applied because it contains
(c) Dynamotor current source
(d) Brushless DC motor (b) Superposition theorem cannot be applied because it
contains diode
Q47. Stringing chart represents a graph of ____________. (c) Reciprocity theorem can be applied
(a) sag and tension vs temperature (d) Superposition theorem can be applied
(b) sag vs supply frequency
(c) sag vs conductor size Q54. The formula for rms value of sinusoidal signal in terms
(d) tension vs sag of peak to peak voltage, Vp−p is _______________.
Vp−p
(a)
√2
Q48. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about Vp−p
a sine wave? (b)
2√2
(a) RMS value is 0.7 times the peak value. (c)
Vp−p
2
(b) Peak voltage is another name for amplitude. Vp−p
(c) Time period is the number of cycles per seconds. (d)
π√2
(d) Frequency is the reciprocal of time period.
Q55. Which law is used to determine the economic size of a
Q49. A Francis turbine is used for ___________. conductor?
(a) high to medium heads (a) Newton’slaw
(b) low to medium heads (b) Ampere’s law
(c) low to low heads (c) Gauss’s law
(d) high to high heads (d) Kelvin’s law
Q50. TUF for a half-wave rectifier and centre tapped full wave Q56. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about
rectifier is ___________ and _____________ , respectively. different type of waveforms?
(a) 28.6%; 81% (a) Bidirectional waveforms have both positive and negative
(b) 40.6%; 81.2%
signs.
(c) 57.2%; 81%
(b) The current or voltage for unidirectional waveforms or
(d) 28.6%; 57.2%
signals remains the same, although varying. It never
Q51. The purpose of the auxiliary motor in starting of crosses the zero line.
synchronous motor is ___________. (c) The periodic time for a square wave is still the time for a
(a) to increase the efficiency complete cycle.
(b) to bring the synchronous motor speed near to (d) Non periodic waveforms are those that vary and repeat
synchronous speed the waveform.
(c) to give field excitation to the motor
(d) to reduce the losses

Q57. The pressure coil of a 3-phase 3 element energy meter 1
(c) a voltage source of 10V, an inductor of H and a capacitor
2
rated at 415V, 50Hz, has a capacity of ___________. 1
of F
3
(a) 440V 1
(d) a current source of A, an inductor of 2 H and a capacitor
(b) 240V 10
of 3 F
(c) 200V
(d) 415V
Q62. Calculate the inductance of a coil that induces 150 V,
when a current changes at the rate of 3 A/s?
Q58. The reciprocal of reluctance is called ____________. (a) 50 H
(a) permeance (b)150 H
(b) conductance (c) 5 H
(c) resistance (d) 300 H
(d) susceptance
Q63. The voltage across a 15Ω resistor in the circuit shown
below will be:
Q59. Consider the following statements about EMF method of
finding the voltage regulation and select the most appropriate
option.
a. Both open and short circuit data are essential for applying
this method.
b. The largest value of synchronous impedance obtained
from the largest short circuit current is considered.
c. In a practical machine, the value of synchronous (a) 40 V
impedance is a constant. (b) 71.42 V
(c) 60 V
d. The voltage regulation calculated by the EMF method is
(d) 84 V
much higher than the actual value of regulation.
(a) Both a and d are true Q64. The torque developed by a motor while running at 1500
(b) Both b and d are true rpm is 206 N-m, and the shaft torque available is 200 N-m. The
(c) All a, b, c, d are true iron and mechanical losses, in watts, are:
(d) Only d is true (a) 300π
(b) 250π
(c) 150π
Q60. If a source is delivering maximum power to a load, the
(d) 500π
power transfer efficiency of the circuit is always:
(a) 99% Q65. The coil of shaded pole induction a single-phase
(b) 50% induction motor is highly ________.
(c) 40% (a) inductive
(d) 100% (b) capacitive
(c) repulsive
(d) resistive
Q61. The dual network of the figure shown below consists of:
Q66. The power rating of an electric kettle is designed for
___________.
(a) 2 to 3 kW
(b) 3 to 4 kW
(c) 1 to 2 kW
(d) 4 to 5 kW
(a) a current source of 10A, an inductor of 2H and a capacitor
of 3 F Q67. Which of the following best describes a LASER light?
1 (a) Monochromatic and coherent
(b) a current source of 10A, an inductor of H and a capacitor
2 (b) Dichromatic and non-coherent
1
of F (c) Dichromatic and coherent
3
(d) Monochromatic and non-coherent

(c) more than 10 MHz
Q68. The V0 for the circuit shown in the given figure is (d) more than 10 Hz
____________ V, provided the voltage drop across the diode is 0.3.
Q74. Transistor when working in the saturation region acts
as __________ and in the cut off region acts as __________.
(a) closed switch; amplifier
(b) amplifier; open switch
(a) 20.3 (c) open switch; closed switch
(b) 0 (d) closed switch; open switch
(c) 19.7
(d) infinite Q75. The constant load current for a 230 V single phase
energy metre is 20 A at unity power factor. If the meter disc
Q69. According to Lenz’s law, which of the following are the
makes 2300 revolutions for 2 hours the meter constant will
parameters of cause and effect, respectively?
be ___________.
(a) Motion of the conductor and magnetic field
(b) Change of flux and induced EMF (a) 0.25 revolutions/kWh
(c) Induced EMF and change of flux (b) 250 revolutions/kWh
(d) Magnetic field and motion of the conductor (c) 270 revolutions/kWh
(d) 0.30 revolutions/kWh
Q70. Which of the following statements about armature
reaction of an alternator with unity power factor is NOT true?
Q76. Which of the following methods of lighting calculation
(a) The maximum of the fundamental wave of the field will
be opposite to the pole centres. can be used for rough calculations and checking purposes?
(b) The armature reaction MMF is directed perpendicular to (a) Watt per sq m method
the main field MMF. (b) Point to point method
(c) The distribution of stator currents and fluxes of an (c) Lumen method
alternator with 30° phase displacement. (d) Light flux illuminance method
(d) The distribution of stator currents and fluxes of an
alternator with zero phase displacement.
Q77. For the impedance Z = 3 + j4, what is the value of
Q71. Consider the following statements about cylindrical type admittance?
synchronous generators and select the most appropriate (a) Y = 0.12 − j0.16
option. (b) Y = 3 + j4
(a) The number of poles under such a constructional (c) Y = 0.12 + j0.16
framework is higher and thus suitable for gas turbines.
(d) Y = 0
(b) The number of poles under such a constructional
framework is less and thus suitable for hydraulic and oil
turbines only. Q78. A short transmission line has length ___________.
(c) The constructional framework is suitable for hydraulic, (a) from 250 km to 400 km
steam and gas turbines. (b) up to 80 km
(d) The number of poles is relatively less and thus suitable for (c) from 80 km to 250 km
steam turbines.
(d) more than 400 km
Q72. Which of the following losses increase due to improper
lubrication? Q79. Comparative statement is an important document to
evaluate ___________.
(a) Copper losses
(a) imprest purchase system
(b) Windage losses (b) offers received against an enquiry
(c) Iron losses (c) spot tendering
(d) Friction losses (d) limited tendering
Q73. The signal frequency in a CRO is: Q80. The power factor is high in which of the following tests
in a transformer?
(a) less than 1 MHz
(a) Both OC and SC tests
(b) more than 1 MHz (b) OC test only

(c) SC test only (d) Such machines should have relatively smaller rotor
(d) Sumpner’s test diameter.
Q81. The red light emitted by a ruby laser is of wavelength Q86. In a single phase Induction Motor, the auxiliary and
____________. running windings are spaced ______________ electrically apart.
(a) 456.77 nm (a) 90°
(b) 694.3 nm (b) 360°
(c) 566.93 nm
(c) 270°
(d) 775.1 nm
(d) 180°
Q82. Superposition theorem is applicable for the calculation
of: Q87. If the distance between two parallel current carrying
(a) Voltage and current but not power conductors is tripled, then the magnitude of force between
(b) Both Voltage and power them will become ____________.
(c) Both Current and power (a) sixth times
(d) Voltage, current and power (b) one-third
(c) one-sixth
Q83. B-H curve is also known as ___________. (d) three times
(a) Curie point curve
(b) open circuit characteristics Q88. Which of the following is NOT an important outcome of
(c) hysteresis loop estimation?
(d) magnetisation curve (a) It avoids wastage of materials.
(b) It gives approximate budget.
Q84. In a comparative statement while compiling information
(c) It gives quality management system.
on the tender evaluation sheet/format, which of the following
(d) It helps to use correct material.
is NOT of a special attention?
(a) Assurance to replace defective supplies
(b) Name of the supplier Q89. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding
(c) Terms of delivery AC distribution system and DC distribution system?
(d) Packing and forwarding charges (a) In DC distribution system, the voltage drop is due to
resistance only.
(b) In AC distribution system, the voltage drop is due to
resistance only.
(c) In AC distribution system, the effect of inductance is
always neglected.
(a) Only (a)
(b) (a), (b) and (c)
(c) Only (a) and (c)
(d) Only (a) and (b)
Q90. A capacitor of capacitance C farad is connected in

parallel with a resistance of R Ω. An AC voltage of V volt
supplied across the circuit, if the current flowing through
resistance is equal to IR and current flowing through the
capacitors is equal to IC , What is the value of the total current
Q85. The salient pole type construction is suitable for running flowing through the circuit?
low-speed prime-movers. Which of the following suits the 1
(a) I = V ( + ωC < 90°)
best explanation for the above statement? R
1
(a) The air gap flux should not be affected by the rotor angle (b) I = V ( + ωR < 90°)
C
position. 1 C
(c) I = V ( + < 90°)
(b) Such machines should have comparatively larger rotor R ω
1 ω
diameter. (d) I = V ( + < 90°)
R C
(c) Such machines should have relatively small number of
poles.
Q91. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of the
direct laying method?

(a) The maintenance cost is very high. Q96. Along the line of straight current carrying conductor, the
(b) Heat can be dissipated easily. magnetic field at any point is ____________.
(c) It cannot be used in congested areas. (a) infinite
(d) Localization of the fault is difficult. (b) maximum
(c) zero
Q92. For high load factor for the given maximum demand, the (d) minimum
number of generated units is ____________.
Q97. A coil of inductance L henry is connected in parall with
(a) more
an R Ω resistor. The current flowing through resistance and
(b) less
inductance is IR and IL , respectively. What is the value of the
(c) infinite
current drawn from the supply?
(d) equal
(a) √IR2 − IL2
(b) IR2 − IL2
Q93. Find the power delivered by the voltage source is:
(c) √IR2 + IL2
(d) IR2 + IL2
Q98. Which of the following statements is true about a

parallel RLC curcuit?
(a) Capacitive susceptance will be zero.
(b) Capacitive susceptance will be negative value.
(c) Inductive susceptance will be zero.
(a) 14 W (d) Inductive susceptance will be negative value.
(b) 0 W
(c) -14 W Q99. A voltage e(t) = 200 sin 1000t is applied across a series
(d) 7 W RLC circuit, where R = 40Ω, L = 0.13H and C = 10μF. What is
the value of the total impedance of the circuit?
Q94. An alternating voltage v = 200 sin 100t. Find the (a) 40Ω
(b) 60Ω
amplitude and frequency.
(c) 70Ω
(a) Vavg = 127.4 V, f = 15.9 Hz
(d) 50Ω
(b) Vavg = 123 V, f = 25.6 Hz
(c) Vavg = 124 V, f = 30 Hz Q100. Which of the following statements is correct about the
(d) Vavg = 130 V, f = 30 Hz phase sequence of a three-phase supply?
(a) In phase sequence ABC, phase A lags phase B by an angle
Q95. Creep adjustments is single-phase energy metres are of 30°.
done by __________. (b) In phase sequence ABC, phase A lags phase B by an angle
(a) adjusting the turns ratio of 60°.
(b) exciting the pressure coil (c) It is the order in which the voltages in the individual
phase attains their peak value.
(c) providing two holes diametrically opposite in the rotating
(d) In phase sequence ABC, phase A lags phase B by an angle
disc
of 120°
(d) exciting the current coil
Solutions
S1. Ans.(a) It can used under server over-load conditions.
Sol.

S3. Ans.(b) 6.66 Ω
Sol. VI characteristics:
∆𝑉
∵ Rd (Diode Resistance) =
∆𝐼
Given,
∆𝑉 = 200 − 100 = 100𝑉 (change in volt.)
Definition:
∆𝐼 = 𝐼2 − 𝐼1 (change in current)
In moving iron instrument, moving iron is used for measuring = 20 − 5
the flow of current or voltage. It works on the principle that = 15 A
100
the iron place near the magnet attracts towards it. ∴ Rd = = 6.66 Ω
15
Here, the force of attraction depends on the strength of the
magnet field. The magnetic filed induced by electromagnet S4. Ans.(c) 81.2%
Sol. For Centre-trapped full wave rectifier:
whose strength depends on the magnitude of the current
𝑉0(𝑎𝑣𝑔.) ×𝐼0(𝑎𝑣𝑔)
passes through it. Efficiency is given as 𝜂% =
𝑉0(𝑟𝑚𝑠) ×𝐼0(𝑟𝑚𝑠)
for centre − tapped:
2 𝑉𝑚 2𝑉𝑚
Advantages: [ 𝑉0(𝑎𝑣𝑔.) = , 𝐼0(𝑎𝑣𝑔) = ]
𝜋 𝜋𝑅
𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚
(i) Since MI is independent of direction and hence is used for & 𝑉(𝑟𝑚𝑠) = , 𝐼0(𝑟𝑚𝑠) =
√2 √2𝑅
both AC and DC. 2𝑉𝑚 2𝑉𝑚
×
𝜋 𝜋𝑅
(ii) It is cheaper in cost. ∴ 𝜂% = 𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚 = 81.2%
×
√2 √2𝑅
(iii) MI can be used under severe overload conditions.
(iv) Its torque weight ratio is high, as a result its friction error
S5. Ans.(a) Generate reactive power.
is very less. Sol.
• Over excited synchronous motor works at leading
Disadvantages: power factor whereas under-excited motor works at
(i) Some serious error occurs because of the hysteresis, lagging power factor.
frequency and stray magnetic field. • Over-excited mode, the synchronous motor
(ii) It cannot be used at high frequencies due to Saturation of generates reactive power and sends it to the load.
the magnetic core. • Over-excited synchronous motor is used for power
factor improvement.
S2. Ans.(a) Circulating current
Sol. Necessary condition: S6. Ans.(d) 95.92
(i) The parallel connected transformers must be the same Sol. An alternator is an electrical machine that converts
polarities and same voltage ratio. mechanical input to electrical output.
(ii) If voltage ratio are not same, then the secondaries will Given,
not show the same voltage even if the primaries are 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 (Power output) = 1200 kW
connected to the same voltage supply. As a result, a Losses = 55 kW
current circulates in the secondaries and hence there Efficiency of the alternator is:
Output power
will also be circulating currents on the primary side. 𝑥% =
output power+losses
(iii) Operating frequency should be same and same phase 1200
=
sequence of both transformer. 1200+55
𝑥% = 95.92

S7. Ans.(d)
𝐼𝑁
S10. Ans.(d)
3
Sol. NORTON’S THEOREM: Sol. 360 W
According to this theorem any linear circuit can be simplified ∵ Power dissipated in a resistor is given by:
to an equivalent circuit of a single current source and parallel 𝑉2
𝑃=
resistance that is connected to a load. 𝑅
Given, 𝑅𝐿 = 2𝑅𝑁 ⇒ 10 A and 15 Ω are in parallel.
10×15
∴ 𝑅𝑒𝑞 = = 6Ω
10+15
Applying current division Rule, The voltage across Req is
𝑅𝑁
𝐼𝐿 = × 𝐼𝑁 6
𝑅𝑁 +2𝑅𝑁 𝑉= × 160 = 60𝑉
𝐼𝑁 6+4+6
𝐼𝐿 = As we know, voltage in parallel remains same.
3
S8. Ans.(a) An LED is doped with Silicon and germanium like

all semiconductor devices.
Sol. LED (Light Emitting Diode):
• A semiconductor device that units light when an electric

current flows through it is called LED.
So, power across 10 Ω resistance is:
• LED allows the current to flow in the forward direction
(60)2
and blocks the current in reverse direction. 𝑃=
10
= 360 𝑊
• LED are heavily doped 𝑝 − 𝑛 junctions made of a
semiconductor material such as gallium and arsenide.
S11. Ans.(d) Three phase three wire system.
S9. Ans.(c) achieve the uniform stress Sol.
Sol. Grading of underground cables: Stage of power system Voltage level
The voltage varies as we move away the core in an Generation 11 kV
underground cable. The stress is maximum at the surface of Primary transmission 132 kV/220 kV
the sheath.
Secondary transmission 66 kV
Primary distribution 11 kV /6.6 kV
Secondary distribution 440 kV/220 V
The primary distribution is carried out by a 3 phase 3-wire
system. It handles large consumers such as factories
industries which used voltage in kV which is possible only 3-
phase 3-wire system.
S12. Ans.(d) 65%

Sol. Load factor is given by:
Average demand
Load factor =
Maximum demand
The maximum stress is: & Average demand given by:
𝑉 Area under curve
𝑔𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑑 𝐷 𝑣/𝑚 Average demand =
ln( ) Total time (in hrs)
2 𝑑
The minimum stress is: 1
(6×8760)+( ×8760×(20−6))
2
𝑉
𝑔𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐷 𝐷
𝑣 Average demand =
8760
𝑙𝑛( ) 𝑚
𝑔𝑚𝑎𝑥
2
𝑑
𝑑
= 13 MM
∴ = 13
𝑔𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝐷 ∴ Load factor = = 0.65
Grading is defined as process of equalizing the stress in the 20
dielectric of the cable. = 65%

S13. Ans.(a) Pure Sinusoidal wave. S18. Ans.(b) 26 V
Sol. The core of the transformer is made up of ferromagnetic Sol. Current in the circuit is given by:
material like CRGO. 𝐼=
40
= 2𝐴
13+7
The BH curve of these materials is not linear flux density (B)
Now, voltage across any 13 Ω resistor is given by:
tends to saturate after a specific value of current intensity (H).
𝑉 = 2 × 13
Therefore, the magnetizing current drawn from the supply
= 26 volts
becomes a flat-topped wave.
For air core transformer, the BH curve is a straight line, hence
the waveform of steady-state magnetizing current drawn S19. Ans.(a) Lorentz force law
from the supply would be a pure sinusoidal wave. Sol. Brushless DC Motor (BLDC):
A brushless DC motor is an electronically commuted DC motor
S14. Ans.(c) 2V that does not have brushes like conventional DC motors.Its
Sol. The induced Emf in a coil is given by: working principle is based on Lorentz force law.
𝑁𝑑𝜙 • The Lorentz force law states that whenever a current-
𝐸= where, 𝑁 = Numbers of turns
𝑑𝜙
𝑑𝑡
carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field it
= Rate of change of flux experiences a force. As a consequences of reaction force,
𝑑𝑡
Given, N = 200 the magnet will experience an equal and opposite force.
𝑑𝜙 2−1
= × 10−3 𝑤𝑏
𝑑𝑡 0.1
1 S20. Ans.(c) 5A
∴ 𝐸 = 200 × × 10−3 ⇒ 𝐸 = 2𝑉
0.1 Sol. Applying KCL at node A to find current across 61 Ω:
−15 + 𝐼𝑅 + 2𝐼𝑅 = 0
S15. Ans.(d) 1.5 m
𝐼𝑅 = 5𝐴
Sol. IE Rules regarding internal domestic wiring:
• The height at which the meter board, the main
S21. Ans.(b) 112 A
switchboard is to be fitted is 1.5 m from ground level.
Sol. Assuming the direction of incoming current to be –ve and
• A switch shall be installed at any height 1.3 m above the
outgoing +ve.
floor level.
• The number of points in a sub-circuit is not more than Applying KCL, −2 − 120 + 24 − 14 + 𝐼 = 0
10. 𝐼 = 112𝐴
Kirchoff’s current law:
S16. Ans.(d) According to this law, the sum of incoming and outgoing
Sol. Luminous intensity current at a node is equal to zero.
Luminous intensity is a measure of power emitted by a light Σ𝐼 = 0
source in a particular direction per unit solid angle.
SI unit of Luminous intensity is Candela. S22. Ans.(b) A current source of 15 A, a capacitor of 3f and a
It is given by: 𝐼 =
𝜙
where, capacitor of 12f.
𝑤
Sol. Duality of electrical circuit:
𝐼 is Luminous intensity
Series Parallel
𝜙 = Luminous flux
Resistance Conductance
𝑤 = solid angle
Inductor Capacitor
S17. Ans.(c) 2912.5 VAR Voltage source Current source
Sol. Given, 𝑉𝑠 = 250 𝑉, 𝑍 = 19.6 Ω, 𝐶= KVL KCL
178 𝜇𝐹
∴𝐼=
𝑉𝑠
=
250
= 12.755𝐴 S23. Ans.(d) The total losses depend on the voltage and
𝑍 19.6
1
current.
𝑋𝐶 (Capacitive Reactance) = Sol. Transformer:
2𝜋𝑓𝑐
1
= It transfers energy from one circuit to another without a
2𝜋×50×178×10−6
𝑋𝐶 = 17.891 Ω change in frequency.
Reaction power is given by: Transformer ratings are expressed in kVA because total losses
𝑊 = (𝐼)2 𝑋𝐶 in transformer are due to the Iron losses depend on the
= (12.788)2 × 17.891 voltage (V) and copper losses depend on the flow of current
𝑄 = 2912.8 VAR (A).

S24. Ans.(a) Direct current S30. Ans.(c)
Sol. Solar PV (Photovoltaic) cell Sol. Time
It generates electricity by absorbing sunlight and using that Average demand is the ratio of the sum of the demands of all
energy to create an electrical current. the loads to the total time period for which these loads
Solar PV cells produce direct current. operate.
S25. Ans.(a) 20 H S31. Ans.(c)

Sol. Total inductance for series connection? Sol. Either magnetic flux linking with the coil charges or
𝐿𝑒𝑞 = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2 + 𝐿3 + 2 (±𝑀1 ± 𝑀2 ± 𝑀3 ) where, moving conductor links with the magnetic flux.
𝐿 = self inductance
𝑀 = Mutual Inductance Principle of induced Emf:
for ′𝑀′ : Emf is induced in a coil in two ways:
′ + ′ is used when current enters or leaves from the dot in (a) Statically Induced Emf:
both coils. When conductor is stationary and magnetic field is changing,
′ − ′ used when current enters from a dot in one coil and the induced Emf is known as statically induced Emf.
leaves without a dot from another cell. Example : Transformer.
Given, 𝐿1 = 12𝐻, 𝐿2 = 16𝐻, 𝐿3 = 20 𝐻
(b) Dynamically induced Emf:
𝑀1 = −8𝐻, 𝑀2 = −10, 𝑀3 = 4𝐻
When conductor is moved in a stationary magnetic filed so
𝐿𝑒𝑞 = 12 + 16 + 20 + 2(−8 − 10 + 4)
that the magnetic flux linking with it changes in magnitude, as
𝐿𝑒𝑞 = 20 𝐻
the conductor is subjected to a changing magnetic, therefore
an Emf will be induced in it.
S26. Ans.(c) Less than Example : Generator
Sol. Demand factor is given as,
Maximum Demand
Demand factor = S32. Ans.(d)
Connected Demand
Therefore, maximum demand is generally less than the Sol. Braking magnet
connected load. In the Braking system of energy meter, permanent magnet is
used for reducing the rotation of the aluminum disc.
S27. Ans.(b) Disposal of tenders
Sol. The earnest money & unsuccessful tenders is refunded to S33. Ans.(c)
the tenderers as soon as possible after disposal of the tenders. Sol. Magnetic field and conductor
In dynamically induced Emf, the stationary part is magnetic
S28. Ans.(d) 876 MWh field and rotating part is conductor.
Average Demand
Sol. Load factor =
Maximum Demand S34. Ans.(d)
Area under curve
and Average demand = Sol. Less than AC
Total time (in hrs)
Given, Maximum Demand = 100 kW The corona loss in a transmission line is directly proportional
Load factor = 100% = 1 to the operating frequency.
Now, 𝑃𝑐 (corona loss) ∝ (𝑓 + 25)
Average demand for 𝑓𝑑𝑐 = 0 Hz and 𝑓𝑎𝑐 = 50 Hz
1= 𝑃𝐷𝐶 0+25
100
=
Average demand = 100 𝑃𝐴𝐶 50+25
1
For 1 year = 8760 hrs 𝑃𝐷𝐶 = 𝑃𝐴𝐶
3
Area under curve
100 × 103 = Therefore, corona loss in DC transmission is less than AC.
8760
No. of units generated = 876 × 10 Wh 6
= 876 MWh S35. Ans.(c)

Sol. 100 W lamp filament has longer a length.
When two lamps are connected in parallel (same supply), the
S29. Ans.(d)
power of each lamp is given by:
Sol. Component authority
𝑉2 𝜌𝐿
Ministry of Defence, government of India, shall be here in after 𝑃= where 𝑅 =
𝑅 𝐴
referred to as stockholder or component authority. 𝑃=
𝑉 2𝐴
𝜌𝐿

From this expression, for same metal having same thickness, S41. Ans.(b)
the power is inversely proportional to length. Sol. Stator winding is subjected to centrifugal forces.
Therefore, 100-watt lamp filament has a longer length than a The armature, windings of the rotating field alternator, being
500 watt lamp. stationary, are not subjected to vibration and centrifugal
forces.
S36. Ans.(a)
Sol. Frequency of magnetic reversals S42. Ans.(b) 33.33%
The hysteresis loop shows the relationship between the Sol. Efficiency of half-wave rectifier:
magnetic flux density and the magnetizing field strength. 𝑃 Given, 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 50 𝑤
The hysteresis loss is given by: 𝜂% = 𝑜𝑢𝑡 × 100 { }
𝑃𝑖𝑛 𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 150 𝑤
𝑃ℎ = 𝑘ℎ 𝑓 (𝐵𝑚 ) where, 𝑃ℎ = Hysteresis loss
𝑥
𝜂% = 33.33%
𝑓 = frequency
𝐵𝑚 = flux density S43. Ans.(TL = 51 N-m)
𝑥 = Steinmetz hysteresis coefficient Sol. Given, 𝑃𝐿 = 8 𝑘𝑊, 𝑓 = 50 𝐻𝑧, 𝑃(No. of poles) = 4
4𝜋𝑓
Motor speed (Ws) =
S37. Ans.(d) 𝑃
Load torque is: { 4𝜋×50 }
Sol. Phosphorous =
4
Fluorescent Lamp: 𝑊𝑠 = 50𝜋
• It is also known as fluorescent tube which is a low- 𝑇𝐿 =
𝑃𝐿
𝑊𝑠
pressure mercury-vapour gas discharge lamp that uses 8×103
fluorescence to produce visible light. =
50𝜋
• Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that 𝑇𝐿 = 51 N-m
has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.
• An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor, S44. Ans.(d)
which produces short-wave ultraviolet light that then Sol. 0.08 A
causes a phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp to Zener current is given by:
glow. 𝐼𝑍 = 𝐼𝑆 − 𝐼𝐿
𝑉𝑆 −𝑉𝑍 𝑉𝑍
𝐼𝑍 = =
𝑅𝑆 𝑅𝐿
S38. Ans.(b)
Given, 𝑉𝑍 = 20 𝑉, 𝑉𝑆 = 30 𝑉
Sol. Photo diode
𝑅𝑆 = 100 Ω = 0.1 𝑘Ω
𝑅𝐿 = 1 𝑘Ω
30−20
Therefore, 𝐼𝑍 = = 20
0.1
Also 𝐼𝑍 = 100 − 20 mA
= 0.08 𝐴
• Photo diode work in reverse bias condition. Materials
used are silicon, germanium and Indium gallium arsenide. S45. Ans.(c)
• A photo-diode is a P-N junction diode that consumes light Sol. Represent a sinusoidal quantity by a line of definite length
energy to produce an electric current. rotating in the counterclockwise direction with the same
angular velocity as that of sinusoidal quantity.
S39. Ans.(b)
Sol. 80 MVA S46. Ans.(d)
The hot reserve or reserve capacity of a power plant is given Sol. Brushless DC motor
by: Brushless DC motor is used in the application of biomedical
Hot reserve = Plant capacity – Demand capacity instruments used for artificial heart pumping.
= 200 − 120 Brushless DC motor is an electronically commuted DC motor
= 80 MVA that does not here brushes.
S40. Ans.(c) S47. Ans.(a)

Sol. 5% Sol. Sag and tension VS temperature
At the time of the final bill, if the contractor fails to submit Stringing chart gives the data per sag to be allowed and the
with the bill the document of the handing over charge on tension to be allowed in a transmission line for a particular
inventory form daily signed by the user department temperature.
concerned, then the amount deducted will generally by 5%. It represents a graph of sag and tension V/S temperature.

S48. Ans.(c) S52. Ans.(b)
Sol. Time period is the no. of cycles per second. Sol. Plant operating frequency
Plant capacity factor:-
It is the ratio of average demand to the plant capacity. The
capacity factor of a plant is based on the plant operating
frequency or time duration for which it has been operated.
S53. Ans.(b)
Sol. Superposition theorem cannot be applied because it
contains diode.
Superposition theorem states that in any linear, bilateral
Time period: It is the time taken by a sine wave to complete network where more than one source is present, the response
its one cycle. across any element in the circuit is the sum of the responses
Relation between time period and frequency: obtained from each source considered separately.
1
𝑇=
𝑓
But this theorem is not applicable for non-linear elements
Frequency: The number of cycles completed by a sine wave in such as diode, BJT, OP-amp because their V-I characteristics
one second. are non-linear in nature.
S49. Ans.(b) S54. Ans.(b)

Sol. low to medium heads Sol.
Vp −P
Francis turbine is used for low to medium heads. Francis 2√2
turbine is the application of reaction turbines at lower heads For peak to peak value:-
(Between 30 to 300 M). Vp − P = 2Vm , where Vm is maximum value
Vp−P
Vm =
2
S50. Ans.(d)
For calculation of RMS value:-
Sol. 28.6% : 57.2% Vm
TUF (Transformer utilization factor): VRMS =
√2
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 ×𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑔 Vp−P
%𝑇𝑈𝐹 = VRMS =
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 ×𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 2√2
For half wave-rectifier:
𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 = , 𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑔 = S55. Ans.(d)
𝜋 𝜋𝑅
𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚 Sol. Kelvin’s Law
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = , 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
√2
𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚
2𝑅 Kelvin’s Law is used to determine the economic size of
×
% 𝑇𝑈𝐹 = 𝜋
𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚
𝜋𝑅
= 28.6% conductor. This law states that the most economical size of a
×
√2 2𝑅 conductor is that for which annual interest and depreciation
For centre tapped full wave rectifier: on the capital cost of the conductor is equal to the annual cost
2𝑉𝑚 2𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 = , 𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑔 = of energy cost.
𝜋 𝜋𝑅
𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = , 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
√2 √2𝑅
2𝑉𝑚 2𝑉𝑚
×
S56. Ans.(d)
𝜋 𝜋𝑅
% 𝑇𝑈𝐹 = 𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚 = 57.2% Sol. Non-periodic waveforms are those that vary and repeat
×
√2 √2𝑅
the waveform.
S51. Ans.(b) A periodic waveform repeats itself after its fundamental time
Sol. To bring the synchronous motor speed near to period. It is a bi-directional waveform i.e., +ve and – ve time
synchronous speed. axis.
3ϕ Synchronous motor:-
It is not a self starting motor.Using an auxiliary motor, the
synchronous motor is first run as an alternator and is
synchronized with the three-phase bus bars. After
synchronization, the supply to the auxiliary motor is cut, and
the alternator is made to run as the synchronous motor
drawing power from 3-phases AC mains.

S57. Ans.(d) S62. Ans.(a)
Sol. 415 V Sol. 50H
The pressure coil of 3ϕ energy meter rated at 415V, 50 Hz has Given, VL = 150V
a maximum capacity of 415 V. di
= 3A/s
dt
S58. Ans.(a) Voltage across an inductor in a coil is given by:-

di
Sol. Premeance VL = L
dt
The reciprocal of reluctance is known as premeance.
∴ 150 = L × 3
L = 50H
S59. Ans.(a)
Sol. Both a and d are true.
Voltage Regulation of alternator can be given as:- S63. Ans.(c)
E−V Sol. 60V
VR = where,
V By applying KVL in the given circuit
E = No load rated voltage
V = Full load rated voltage
EMF method to finding voltage regulation:-
• It involves the EMF quantities of all the armature
parameters (armature reaction, armature leakage
reactance, armature resistance)
• Both open and short circuit data are essential for applying −100 + 4I + 6I + 15I = 0
this method. I = 4A
• Voltage regulation calculated by the EMF method is much Now, Voltage across 15π is:-
higher than the actual value of regulation. VR = I × 15
NOTE:- = 4 × 15
• Other methods to find voltage regulation are the MMF VR = 60V
method and the Potier triangle method.
S64. Ans.(a)
S60. Ans.(b) Sol. 300π
Sol. 50% Given, Td (developed torque) = 206 N-m
Maximum Power Transfer theorem:- TShaft (Shaft torque) = 200 N-m
According to this theorem to obtain maximum external power Ns = 1500 rpm
from a power source with internal resistance, the resistance
Iron and mechanical loss = Pd − Pshaft
of the load must equal to the resistance of source as viewed
= (Td − Tshot ) × ωn
from its output terminals. 2π Ns
Vth For ωs (speed) =
Current is given as:- I = 60
RL +RTh 2π×1500
Under maximum power condition:- ωs = = 50π rad/s
60
R L = R Th ∴ Iron and mechanical loss = (206 − 200) × 50π
Therefore, I =
Vth
= 300π
2RL
For maximum efficiency:-
Pout S65. Ans.(a)
η=
Pin Sol. Inductive
2
I2 RL
V
(2Rth ) ×RL Shaded pole induction motor is simply a self-starting single-
= = L
V = 0.5 = 50% phase induction motor whose one of the poles is shaded by
Vth ×L Vth × th
2RL
the copper ring. And this copper ring is highly inductive in
nature and acts as a secondary winding for the motor.
S61. Ans.(a)
Sol. a account source of 10A, an inductor of 2H and a capacitor
of 3f S66. Ans.(a)
Duality of electrical circuit Sol. 2 to 3 kW
Series Parallel An electric kettle is an electrical appliance, that has a self
Resistance Conductance contained heating unit, for heating water and automatically
Inductor Capacitor switches off when the water reaches a boiling point or at a
Voltage source Current source preset temperature below 100°C. It has power rating of 2 to 3
KVL KCL kW.

S67. Ans.(a) S71. Ans.(d)
Sol. Monochromatic and Coherent Sol. The number of poles is relatively less and thus suitable
LASER Light: for steam turbines.
LASER stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission Synchronous generators has two types of rotor:-
of Radiation. It is a device that emits light through a process (i) Cylindrical rotor:-
of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of • It has fewer poles generally 2 or 4 poles.
• These rotors have a uniform gap.
electromagnetic radiation.
• The number of poles is relatively less and thus suitable for
It is monochromatic, coherent and highly directional.
steam turbines.
• These are high-speed rotors as the weight is less due to
S68. Ans.(c)
less number of poles.
Sol. 19.7 (i) Salient pole rotor:-
From the circuit, • It has a large number poles generally 6 or 8 poles.
−20 + 0.3 + V0 = 0 • This rotor have a non-uniform gap.
V0 = 19.7 • These are low-speed rotors as the weight is more due to
less numbers of poles, but more weight provides better
S69. Ans.(b) mechanically stability.
Sol. Change of flux and induced EMF.
Induced EMF in electrical machine is given as:- S72. Ans.(d)
E = −N
dϕ
where, Sol. Friction Losses:
dt These losses occur due to friction in the moving parts of the
dϕ
= Rate of change of flux machine like bearing, brushes, etc. and windage losses occur
dt
and ‘−ve’ sign represents Lenz’s Law due to the air inside the rotating coil of the machine. The
According to Lenz’s Law, the direction of induced EMF is such frictional losses increases due to improper lubrication in the
that, it opposes the cause that produces it. Therefore, the rotating machines.
change of flux and induced EMF are parameters of cause and
S73. Ans.(c)
effect in Lenz Law.
Sol. More than 10 MHz
CRO (Cathode Ray Oscilloscope):
S70. Ans.(c) CRO is an instrument that converts electrical signals to a
Sol. The distribution of stator currents are fluxes of an visual display. It can be used to measure voltage, frequency
alternator with 30° phase displacement. and phase, also used for measurement of electrical quantities
The effect of armature flux on the main field flux produced by like amplitude and time period.
the rotor field poles is known as the armature reaction. After deflection, the speed of electrons is reduced. So, to
Armature reaction at the unity power factor. increase the speed, the signal frequency in a CRO is kept at
more than 10 MHz.
S74. Ans.(d)
Sol. Closed Switch; Open Switch
Transistor:-
It is three-terminal device, having three layer.
Transistor when working in the saturation region acts as a
closed switch (on Button) and in the cut-off region acts as an
open switch (off Button).
• For a purely resistive load, the armature current will be Working modes of transistor:-
in phase with the induced voltage. Mode Emitter Junction Collector
• The armature current will produce its own flux in the Junction Application
conductor, which will also be in phase with the induced Cut-off Reverse bias Reverse
voltage. bias Off Button
• Since the induced emf lags behind the main field flux by Active Forward bias Reverse
90°, the armature flux produced will also be delayed by bias Amplifier
Saturation Forward bias Forward
90° with respect to the main flux.
bias ON Button
• Hence, the armature reaction is cross-magnetizing in
Reverse active Reverse bias Forward
nature.
bias Attenuator

S75. Ans.(b) • It evaluates offers received against inquiry.
Sol. 250 revolutions/KWh • This comparative analysis not only enables the
For meter constant of a/ϕ energy meter:- management in locating the problem but also helps them
Meter constant =
No. of revolutions in 1 hr to put various budgetary controls and corrective
No. of kW in 1 hr
measures to check whether the current performance is
Given, V = 230 Volt
aligned with that of the planned targets.
I = 20A, cos ϕ = 1
P = VI cos ϕ
S80. Ans.(c)
= 230 × 20 × 1
Sol. SC test only
P = 4.6 kW
2300 There are two ways of testing of transformer:
Number of revolutions in 1 hr = = 1150
2
1150
Therefore, Meter Constant =
4.6
= 250 revolutions/KWh
S76. Ans.(a)
Sol. watt per sq M method
Methods for calculating the illumination of light: S81. Ans.(b)
(i) Watt per square meter method Sol. 694.3 nm
(ii) Lumen method Ruby Laser:
(iii) Inverse square law method • It is a solid-state laser that uses a synthetic ruby crystal
as its gain medium.
S77. Ans.(a) • It has wavelength of 694.3 nm and produces pulses of
Sol. 𝑌 = 0.12 − 𝑗0.16 coherent visible light of deep red color.
The relationship between impedance and admittance is given
as: S82. Ans.(a)
1
𝑌= where, 𝑌 = Admittance Sol. Voltage and current but not power.
𝑍
𝑍 = Impedance Superposition theorem is only valid for the calculation of
Now, 𝑍 = 3 + 𝑗4 (given) voltage and current. Since, is not applicable for non-linear
𝑌=
1
=
1
×
(3−𝑗4) elements.
𝑍 3+𝑗4 (3−𝑗4)
3−𝑗4
= (3)2 S83. Ans.(d)
−(−(4)2 )
=
3−𝑗4 Sol. Magnetisation curve
9+16
3−𝑗4
B-H curve is the graph plotted between magnetic flux density
𝑌= = 0.12 − 𝑗0.16 (B) and magnetizing force (H). It is also known as
25
magnetization curve.
S78. Ans.(b)
Sol. upto 80 km S84. Ans.(b)
There are 3 types of transmission line: Sol. Name of the supplier.
(i) Short transmission line: Terms and condition for the tender evaluation sheet:
The length of the transmission line is a maximum of up (i) The list of materials put up for sale by tender may
to 80 km. please be sun in Annexure – ‘A’.
(ii) Medium transmission line: (ii) The name of the supplier is not mentioned, as it decided
The length of the transmission line is from 80 km to after the opening of technical bids.
250 km (iii) Ministry of Defence, GOI, shall be hereinafter referred
(iii) Long transmission line: to as stockholder.
The length of the transmission is more than 250 km. (iv) The tender must be submitted by specified times on the
date mentioned on the first page of tender documents
S79. Ans.(b) at MSTC Ltd. New Delhi.
Sol. Offers received against an enquiry. (v) All tender should be kept open for acceptance for a
Comparative Statement: period 45 days from the date of opening.
• It is a document used to compare a particular financial (vi) Tenders received with Earnest Money less than the
statement with prior period statement. requisite amount will be rejected.

(vii) The tender should be accompanied by Earnest Money S89. Ans.(a)
@20% of the total sale value of each lot quoted by way Sol. Only (a)
of a Demand Draft/Pay order on any Nationalised Bank
in favour of MSTC Ltd. New Delhi Payable at New Delhi.
(viii) The earnest money of unsuccessful tenders is refunded
to the tenderers as soon as possible after disposal of
the tenders.
(ix) The successful tenderer shall remove each lot allotted
to them by employing their own labour and transport
S90. Ans.(a)
at their own cost from the area allotted to them within
1
30 days from the date of issue of sale-cum-delivery Sol. 𝐼 = 𝑉 ( + 𝑊𝐶 < 90°)
𝑅
order and assurance to replace defective supplies. Parallel RC Circuit:
S85. Ans.(b)
Sol. Such machines should have comparatively large rotor
diameter.
Salient pole rotors are large in diameter and shorter in length.
There are low-speed rotors as the weight is more due to less Here, 𝐼𝑅 is in the same phase as the current in the voltage.
no. of poles. In capacitor, the current leads voltage by 90°.
For parallel RC circuit:
S86. Ans.(a) 90° Angle of current (𝐼) with respect to voltage (𝑉) is between 0°
Sol. Single Phase Induction motor: and 90°.
• The auxiliary winding is highly resistive winding and the 𝐼𝑅 = ∠0,
𝑉
𝐼𝐶 =
𝑉
1 ,
𝑅
main winding is highly inductive winding. The auxiliary 𝑗𝑊𝐶
winding has a few turns with a small diameter. The = 𝑗𝑊. 𝑉𝐶

auxiliary and running windings are spaced 90° 𝐼 = ∠90° (𝑊𝐶𝑉)
electrically apart. The supply current is:
𝐼 = 𝐼𝑅 + 𝑗𝐼𝐶
1
S87. Ans.(b) 𝐼 = 𝑉 ( + 𝑊𝐶 ∠90°)
𝑅
Sol. One-third
Force is inversely proportional to the distance between the S91. Ans.(b)
two parallel conductors. Sol. Heat can be dissipated easily.
Direct Laying of Underground cables:
Advantages:
• This method is simple and cheap.
• The heat generated in cables is easily dissipated in the
ground.
1 Disadvantages:
∴𝐹𝛼
𝑑 • Maintenance cost is higher.
If distance ‘𝑑’ is tripled, then the magnitude of the force • Alternations in the cable network are not easy.
between them will become one-third. • Identifying the location of a fault is difficult.
S88. Ans.(c) S92. Ans.(a)

Sol. It gives quality management system. Sol. more
Estimation is the process of finding an estimate or Load factor =
Average demand
[∵ Average demand ⇒
Maximum demand
approximation, which is a value that is usable for same No.of generated units
purpose even if input data may be uncertain, incomplete or ]
Total time
unstable. Therefore, for the load factor to be high, the no. of units
For quality, Total Quality Management (TQM) is used. generated must be more.

Sol. –14W Sol. √𝐼𝑅2 + 𝐼𝐿2
For Parallel RL circuit:
Current entering the 2V voltage source, So it will absorb In resistor, the current is in the same phase as the voltage.
𝑉
power. 𝐼𝑅 = ∠0
𝑅
𝐼 = 2+5 In an inductor, the current lags voltage by 90°.
= 7𝐴 𝐼𝐿 =
𝑉
𝑗𝑊𝐿
𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 2 × 7 𝑉 𝑉
= 14 𝑊 = = ∠ − 90°
∠90°𝑊𝐿 𝑊𝐿
Also, Pdelivers = −Pabsorbs 𝐼𝐿 = −𝑗𝐼𝐿
So, Pdelivers =– 14 W Supply current is:
𝐼 = 𝐼𝑅 − 𝑗𝐼𝐿
The magnitude of the supply current is:
S94. Ans.(a)
Sol. Vavg = 127.4 V, f = 15.9 Hz 𝐼 = √𝐼𝑅2 + 𝐼𝐿2
Given, 𝑉 = 200 sin 100 𝑡, 𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 =?, 𝑓 =?
S98. Ans.(d)
Average value of the sinusoidal signal: Sol. Inductive susceptance will be negative value
2𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 =
𝜋
Parallel RLC circuit:
=
2×200
= 127.4 𝑉 Input impedance of RLC is:
𝜋 𝑌 = 𝐺 + 𝑗(𝐵𝐶 − 𝐵𝐿 ) where, 𝑌 = Admittance
𝑊
and 𝑓 = 𝐺 = Conductance
2𝜋
=
100
= 15.9 Hz 𝐵𝐶 = Capacitive susceptance
2𝜋
𝐵𝐿 = Reactive susceptance
From above, it can be seen that for an RLC circuit, inductive
S95. Ans.(c) susceptance will be a negative value.
Sol. providing two holes diametrically opposite in the rotating S99. Ans.(d)
disc. Sol. 50 Ω
Creeping is avoided by drilling the hole in disc. The holes are Given, 𝑒(𝑡) = 200 sin 1000 𝑡, 𝑤 = 1000 rad/s
diametrically opposite to each other. The aluminum disc stops
𝑅 = 40 Ω, 𝐿 = 0.13 𝐻, 𝐶 = 10 𝜇𝐹, 𝑍 = ?
rotating even when the small edge of the disc come under the
Impedance of a series RLC circuit:
pole of the magnet. The holes will limit the revolution of the
2
disc. 𝑍 = √𝑅2 + (𝑊𝐿 −
1
)
𝑊𝐶
2
S96. Ans.(c) = √(40)2 + (1000 × 0.13 −
1
)
1000×10×10−6
Sol. zero
𝑍 = 50 Ω
Magnetic field due to current carrying conductor:
Lets take a point ‘P’, magnetic field at ‘P’ due to straight
current-carrying conductor is given by: S100. Ans.(c)
𝐵=
𝜇0 𝐼
𝑎̂𝜙 Sol. It is the order in which the voltages in the individual
2𝜋𝑑
phase attains their peak value.
[∵ 𝑎̂𝜙 = 𝑎̂ℓ × 𝑎̂𝑑 ] where, 𝑎̂ℓ = direction of current
Three-phase AC supply:
carrying conductor
𝑎̂𝑑 = direction of point
𝜇0 𝐼
∴𝐵= [𝑎̂ℓ × 𝑎̂𝑑 ]
2𝜋𝑑
If 𝑎̂ℓ = 𝑎̂𝑑 then,
𝜇0 𝐼
𝐵= [𝑎̂ℓ × 𝑎̂ℓ ]
2𝜋𝑑
𝐵=0

It is the order in which the voltages in the individual phase

attain their peak value.
SSC JE PYQ
Q1. A capacitor bank is connected across the stator terminals Q5. Two components of stray load loss of a synchronous
of the Induction generator and loaded into a Wind Energy motor are:
conversion system to: (a) Eddy current and hysteresis losses due to changing flux
(a) Supply reactive power to both the machine and load densities
(b) Provide starting torque
(b) Iron loss due to armature leakage flux and armature
(c) Supply reactive power to the load
ohmic loss due to skin effect
(d) Supply reactive power to the machine
(c) Windage loss due to load and frictional loss
Q2. If the voltage across the 4Ω resistor is 20 V. Find the value (d) Field circuit loss due to field resistance and direct load
of E. loss
Q6. The adjustment made with the magnetic shunt in three-

phase, two-element energy meter for the rotation of
aluminum disc to be zero is ___________.
(a) Two torques would be equal
(b) One torque would be greater than other
(a) 100V (c) Two torques would be opposite
(b) 50V
(d) Two torques would be equal and opposite
(c) -50V
(d) 30V
Q7. Which of the following statements about the speed
Q3. Which of the following statements with respect to control of DC motors is correct?
reluctance are true? (a) The flux control method is otherwise called constant
(i) Reluctance is directly proportional to the length of torque drive method.
magnetic circuit. (b) In the speed control by varying field flux, the speed can be
(ii) Reluctance is directly proportional to the area of cross- regulated at the base speed.
section. (c) The field flux control is otherwise called constant power
(iii) Reluctance is inversely proportional to the absolute drive method.
permeability of magnetic circuit.
(d) The armature resistance method of speed control is
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
employed to obtain speed above the base speed.
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (ii) Q8. A consumer has a maximum demand of 300 kW at a 30%
load factor. What are Units consumed/year?
Q4. Bandwidth of a parallel resonance circuit is equal to 26.52 1. 78.84 Wh
Hz and quality factor of the circuit is given by 1.7322. What is 2. 7884 kWh
the value of resonant frequency? 3. 788400 Wh
(a) 15.311 Hz 4. 788400 kWh
(b) 24.79 Hz
(c) 45.94Hz Q9. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about
(d) 28.252 Hz
quality factor of a parallel resonance circuit?

(a) Q-factor of parallel resonance is the same as that of series Ignoring the change in field current compute the percentage
resonance. efficiency at rated load 0.8 pf leading.
(b) Q-factor provides the current magnification. (a) 86.62
(c) Q-factor provides the voltage magnification. (b) 91.23
(d) It is the ratio of the circulating current to the line current. (c) 88.27
(d) 95.12
Q10. Which of the following is NOT present in an auto
transformer? Q16. The strength of electromagnetic radiation is measured
(a) Low voltage regulation by photometer in the range from __________.
(b) Low efficiency (a) Ultraviolet to infrared
(c) Conductive isolation between primary and secondary (b) Infrared to ultraviolet
(d) High power rating (c) Ultraviolet to visible light
(d) Visible light to ultraviolet
Q11. The base of thermo-chemical conversion is the ________.
(a) Chemical process Q17. Shaded pole single-phase induction motors are used in
(b) Pyrolysis process
applications such as ____________.
(c) Gasification process
(a) Cranes
(d) Catalyst process
(b) Conveyer belts
(c) Induction regulators
Q12. Rates offered in the tender remain valid for from the
(d) Electric clocks
date of opening of the tender.
(a) 1 months
(b) 3 months Q18. The admittance of a circuit is 0.03 – j0.04 siemen. What
(c) 12 month is the value of impedance?
(d) 6 months (a) Z = 12 + j16 Ω
(b) Z = 10.12 + j11 Ω
Q13. Two circuits, the impedance of which are given by Z₁ = (c) Z = 8+ j8 Ω
(4 + j3) Ω and Z₂ = (8 – j6) Ω are connected in parallel. If the (d) Z = 13.12 + j12 Ω
total current supplied is 15 A, what is the value of the total
admittance of the circuit? Q19. Find the voltage Vo across a 70 resistor in the following
(a) Y=0.12 – j0.021 mho circuit:
(b) Y=0.8 + j0.08 mho
(c) Y=0.31 + j0.043 mho
(d) Y=0.24 – j0.06 mho
Q14. Rate should be given for each item of work, separately in

words and in figures. In case there is any difference in rates
between words and figures, then _____________.
(a) The sum of the two will be taken
(b) The average of the two will be taken (a) -56 V
(c) The highest of the two will be taken (b) 10 V
(d) The lowest of the two will be taken (c) 56 V
(d) -42 V
Q15. A 10,000 KVA, 3-phase, star-connected 11,000 V, 2-pole
turbo generator has the following losses. Q20. The most commonly used nominal primary distribution
(i) Open circuit core loss at 11000 V = 80 kW; voltage is ___________
(ii) Windage and frictional loss = 40 kW;
(a) 11 kV
(iii) Full load armature copper loss = 200 kW; and,
(b) More than 765 kV
(iv) Field copper loss = 90 kW.
(c) 765 kV

(d) 400 kV
Q21. Which of the following statements about characteristics

of a hysteresis motor is NOT correct?
(a) By changing the number of stator poles through pole
changing connections, a set of synchronous speeds for the
motor can be obtained.
(b) Hysteresis motors have uniform torque from stand still to
synchronous speed.
(c) In a hysteresis motor the number of rotor poles are
greater than the number of stator poles.
(d) In a hysteresis motor, the number of rotor poles are equal
to the number of stator poles.
Q27. What benefit does the dynamometer wattmeter have
Q22. Which of the following statements is/are true? among the following?
a) Feeders are designed from the point of view of its current (a) High Sensitivity
carrying capacity. (b) Less expensive
b) Distributors are designed on the basis of voltage drop in (c) Consumes less power
it. (d) Uniform scale
c) Voltage variation at the consumers terminal is not
considered while designing the distributor. Q28. In 1 - ϕ IM if the slip of motor is S with regard to the
(a) (b) and (c) only forward rotating flux, then its slip with regard to the
(b) (a) and (b) only backward rotating flux will be:
(c) (a) ,(b) and (c) (a) S-1
(d) (a) only (b) S
(c) 1-S
Q23. 100 maxwells = ________ magnetic line(s). (d) 2-S
(a) 1 0
(b) 100
Q29. In hysteresis motor, hysteresis torque remains
(c) 1000
practically
(d) 1
(a) Variable
(b) Fluctuating
Q24. If input frequency is 100Hz for a half-wave rectifier, the
(c) Constant
ripple frequency of it would be __________.
(d) Zero
(a) 150 Hz
(b) 200 Hz
Q30. Which of the following statements regarding solenoid
(c) 100 Hz
are correct?
(d) 50 Hz
(i) The wire wound with a number of turns in the form of helix
Q25. Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding site is known as solenoid.
selection for a substation? (ii) The magnetic flux density is directly proportional to the
(a) Land cost should be cheap. number of turns, current and absolute permeability of the
(b) Should be near the load centre. solenoid.
(c) Transportation facilities must be easily available. (iii) The magnetic field outside the solenoid is zero.
(d) Does not depend upon the type of substation. (a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
Q26. In centrifugal pumps and separators __________ is used. (c) (i) and (iii)
(a) Capacitor start induction run motor (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) Universal motor
(c) Repulsion motor Q31. What is a head in a micro hydro power plant?
(d) Split-phase IM (a) The head is the horizontal distance that water raises.

(b) The head is the vertical distance that water raises. Q37. In the figure shown below, what is the voltage across the
(c) The head is the horizontal distance that water falls. current source?
(d) The head is the vertical distance that water falls.
Q32. If L is the length of the conductor, W is the weight per

unit length of the conductor, T is the tension and also supports
are at equal levels, then sag(S) is given by ___________.
𝑊𝐿2
(a) S =
𝑇
𝑊𝐿2
(b) S =
8𝑇
1. 0 V
𝑊𝐿2
(c) S = 2. 22 V
2𝑇
(d) S =
𝑇𝐿2 3. 12 V
8𝑊
4. 5V
Q33. Which of the following happens when rated DC supply is

Q38. The reactance of a 3F capacitor when connected to a DC
given to the primary of the transformer?
source as shown in the figure will be:
(a) EMF is induced in core
(b) Primary winding will burn out
(c) EMF is induced in secondary
(d) Secondary winding will burn out
Q34. Polar curves represent the:

(a) Distribution of the brightness in all directions
(b) Distribution of luminous intensity of light source in all (a) 10 Ω
directions (b) Infinite
(c) Distribution of luminous flux in all directions (c) 0.1 Ω
(d) Distribution of illuminance in all the directions (d) Zero
Q35. The circuit shown in the given figure is a Q39. Find the equivalent capacitance between A and B.
7
(a) μF
(a) Clamper 8
19
(b) Clipper (b) F
7
7
(c) Full-wave rectifier (c) μF
19
(d) Voltage regulator 19
(d) F
7
Q36. The maximum and minimum stress in the dielectric of a

Q40. Which of the following statement regarding the various
single core cable are 80 kV/cm (rms) and 20 kV/cm (rms),
parts in a three-point starter is correct?
respectively. If the conductor diameter is 4 cm, then find the
(a) Electromagnets are used as Overload release coil.
thickness of insulation.
(b) An overload release coil is provided in parallel with the
(a) 12 cm
armature circuit.
(b) 6 cm (c) The field circuit and hold coil are in parallel in a three-
(c) 10 cm point starter circuit.
(d) 8 cm (d) A No Volt Release coil magnetises the holding coil during
open circuit of the shunt field.

Q41. A capacitor of 90 pF is connected across a 230V, 50Hz Q48. In case of Permanent magnet synchronous generator
single-phase supply. Calculate rms value of the current. operated wind power plant, the converter used in the
(a) 4.3 A generator interface converts:
(b) 6.5 A (a) One level of AC to another level of AC
(c) 1 A (b) DC to AC
(d) Zero (c) AC to DC
(d) One level of DC to another level of DC
Q42. Find the current through the 8Ω resistor.
Q49. In nominal T configuration of medium transmission line,
the shunt capacitance is assumed to be _____________.
(a) Equally distributed at each end of the line line
(b) Infinite
(c) Zero
(d) Concentrated at the middle of the transmission
8
(a) A Q50. Consider the following statements about auxiliary motor
7
starting method of synchronous motor and select the suitable
(b) 10 A
64 combination of correct choices.
(c) A (a) A three-phase induction motor is used as an auxiliary
7
7
(d) A motor.
8
(b) An induction motor with two poles, fewer than the
synchronous motor poles is used as an auxiliary motor.
Q43. What is the SI unit of permeability?
(c) The auxiliary motor brings the synchronous motor speed
(a) Weber per meter
almost equal to its synchronous speed.
(b) Henry per meter
(d) The auxiliary motor starting is used for loaded
(c) Ampere - meter
synchronous motors.
(d) Ohm - meter
(a) All a, b, c, d are true
(b) Only a, b and d are true
Q44. The relative permeability of paramagnetic materials is
(c) Only a is true
_________.
(d) Only a, b and c are true
(a) –1
(b) slightly greater than 1
Q51. The magnetism of a magnetic material is retained even
(c) 0 after removal of magnet. This shows that the magnetic
(d) 1 material has which of the following properties?
(a) Relative permeability
Q45. At unity power factor, armature reaction of an alternator (b) Reluctance
is: (c) Resistivity
(a) Weakening of main flux (d) Retentivity
(b) Distortion of main flux
(c) Strengthening of main flux Q52. Which of the following information is NOT required for
(d) Magnetising effect a purchase order?
(a) Risks of delivery and difficulties
Q46. MMF is defined as the product of ____________. (b) Due date of delivery
(a) Flux and current (c) Name and address of the supplier
(b) Flux and reluctance (d) Quantity of the items ordered
(c) Number of turns and reluctance
(d) Number turns and flux Q53. A 5 kVA transformer has iron loss of 200 W and full load
copper loss of 350 W. The maximum efficiency of the
Q47. A 200 V lamp has a total flux of 1000 lumens and takes a transformer would occur when the total loss is ___________.
current of 0.5 A. Calculate its luminous efficiency? (a) 300 W
(a) 5 lumens/watt (b) 200 W
(b) 1 lumens/watt (c) 275 W
(c) 10 lumens/watt (d) 400W
(d) 4 lumens/watt

Q54. According to IS (Indian Standard) Specification 1180- (d) minimum, minimum
1964 for outdoor type distribution transformer, the
conservator is provided on transformer rating ___________. Q61. In the lumen method, the lumens received is calculated
(a) 50 kVA or below by considering which of the following factors?
(b) 50 kVA or above (a) Depreciation factor
(c) below 10 kVA (b) Reflection factor
(d) below 5 kVA (c) Absorption factor
(d) Reduction factor
Q55. The capacitance per kilometre of 3-phase belted cable is
0.09 F between the two cores with the third core connected to
Q62. Dynamic resistance of the diode is the ratio of ____________
the lead sheath. Determine the core to neutral capacitance for
to ____________.
the 5 km long cable.
(a) change in voltage; change in current
(a) 9 F
(b) voltage; current
(b) 0.9 F
(c) current; voltage
(c) 100 F
(d) 0.09 F (d) change in current; change in voltage
Q56. Two coils having self-inductance of 30 H and 40 H are Q63. Relative permeability is inversely proportional to
connected in series opposing connection. Find total _________.
(a) Absolute permeability in medium
inductance of the series connection, if the mutual inductance
(b) Permeability of air
between the coils is 0.5 H.
(c) Absolute permeability in free space
(a) 63 H
(d) Permeability of material
(b) 69 H
(c) 35 H
Q64. The position of shaft in brushless DC motors is
(d) 30 H determined by ________.
(a) Three-phase inverter
Q57. The conductor material used for transmission and (b) Electronic controller
distribution should NOT have _____________. (c) Permanent magnets
(a) High specific gravity (d) Hall effect sensor
(b) Low cost
(c) High electrical conductivity Q65. The spiraling of the conductors causes __________.
(d) High tensile strength (a) Increase in resistance
(b) Increase in frequency
Q58. The all-day efficiency of a transformer is defined as the (c) Increase in voltage
ratio of _________. (d) Increase in current
(a) kWh output in 24 hours to the kWh input in 24 hours
(b) kW output in 24 hours to the kW input in 12 hours Q66. Select the correct dual pair of voltage source, current
(c) output to the input source, inductor and capacitor.
(d) kVA output to the kVA input (a) Current source, voltage source, capacitor and resistor
(b) Voltage source, current source, capacitor and inductor
Q59. In lighting, standard reflectors are made to (c) Current source, voltage source, capacitor and inductor
(d) Current source, voltage source, resistor and inductor
accommodate lamps of rating from
(a) 80 to 2000 watts
Q67. Find the current through the 20Ω resistor:
(b) 20 to 1000 watts
(c) 50 to 1200 watts
(d) 40 to 1500 watts
Q60. The diversity factor is the ratio of the sum of the

individual non-coincident ____________ loads of different
subdivisions of the system to the __________ demand of the
complete system.
(a) minimum, maximum (a) 0A
(b) maximum, maximum (b) 1A
(c) maximum, minimum (c) 10A

(d)-1A
Q68. A squirrel cage induction motor requires __________

maintenance as compared to a slip ring induction motor.
(a) Significantly Low
(b) Slightly Low
(c) Significantly High
(d) Slightly High
1
(a) V
2
Q69. Errors are introduced in the measurement by wattmeter
(b) 11 V
due to _____________ between current coil & pressure coil.
(a) Self-inductance (c)10 V
1
(b) Mutual inductance (d) - V
2
(c) Resistance
(d) Self-capacitance
Q75. Tapping field speed control method is used in a/an
Q70. The area of the hysteresis loop of hard magnetic material __________ for speed control.
is _________. (a) AC series motor
(a) Small (b) Capacitor start capacitor run motor
(b) One (c) Repulsion motor
(c) Zero (d) Universal motor
(d) Large
Q76. The equation for active power in a three-phase star
connected circuit is:
Q71. The gas which is NOT produced in the process of gaseous
(a) P = √3𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 sin ∅
biomass is ______.
(b) P = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 sin ∅
(a) Neon (c) P = 3𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 cos ∅
(b) Methane (d) P = √3𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 cos ∅
(c) Hydrogen
(d) Carbon dioxide Q77. Find the current through the 1 Ω resistor:
Q72. The peak load is ___________ the base load.

(a) Below
(b) Over and Above
(c) Equal to
(d) Part of
(a) 2A
(b) 4A
Q73. Moving iron instruments are scaled at _____________. (c) 12A
(a) Linear (d) 10A
(b) Alogarithmic
(c) Exponential Q78. The source impedance is ZS = (9 + j6) Ω in the circuit
(d)Non-uniform shown below. The maximum real power is transferred to the
load impedance (ZL) when ZL is equal to:
Q74. The voltage across a 1152 resistor in the circuit shown

below is:
(a) 9 Ω
(b) the source impedance
(c) 6 Ω

(d) (9 – j6) Ω Q85. The estimator should have knowledge of works, labour,
reliability and possible faults, and his cost statements must be
Q79. Earth resistance does NOT depend on ______. based on ________.
(a) Neutral earthing (a) Accepted tenders
(b) Salt content in the soil (b) Special supervision
(c) Content of iron (c) Previous tenders
(d) Nature of the soil (d) Reliable evidence
Q80. In a PMMC instrument, swamping resistance is

Q86. In the circuit shown below, reciprocity theorem:
employed to:
(a) Compensate the error due to strong magnetic field
(b) Compensate the error due to temperature variations
(c) Compensate the error due to high voltage
(d) Compensate the error due to high current
Q81. If the radius of a circular current carrying coil is tripled,

then the magnetic field at the centre of the coil becomes (all
other factors remains same): (a) can be applied because it contains non-linear elements
(a) Four (b) can be applied
(b) One-third (c) cannot be applied because it contains more than one
(c) Three voltage source
(d) One-fourth (d) can be applied because it contains more than one voltage
source
Q82. Which of the following statements about the law of
illumination is correct?
Q87. In a pure inductive circuit if the supply frequency is
(a) The illumination is directly proportional to the square reduced to 1/10th of the previous value, the current will be:
luminous intensity and inversely proportional to the (a) Can be applied because it contains non-linear elements
distance of the surface from the source. (b) The same
(b) The illumination is directly proportional to the luminous (c) Ten times high
intensity and inversely proportional to the square of (d) Reduced to one tenth
distance of the surface from the source.
(c) The illumination is directly proportional to the distance Q88. The barrier voltage for germanium is ___________ at 25°C.
of the surface from the source and inversely proportional (a) 0.3 V
(b) 0.7 V
to the square of luminous intensity.
(c) 0 V
(d) The illumination is directly proportional to the luminous
(d) infinity
intensity and inversely proportional to the distance of the
surface from the source. Q89. An electric current of 10 A is divided into three branches
named branch1, branch2 and branch3, respectively, the
Q83. Which of the following is used for connection from lengths of the wires in the three branches being proportional
starter to the motor as it is to be taken over the foundation to 1, 2 and 4. If wires of the same material and cross-section
bed on which the motor is placed? are used, what are the values of the currents in branch/,
(a) Power circuit branch2 and branch3, respectively?
(b) Aluminum cable (a) I₁ = 5.451 A, I₂ = 2.722 A and I₃ = 1.818 A
(b) I₁ = 5.714 A, I₂ = 2.857 A and I₃= 1.428 A
(c) TP main switch
(c) I₁ = 6.315 A, I₂ = 2.105 A and I₃ = 1.579 A
(d) Flexible conduits
(d) I₁ = 6.521 A, I₂ = 2.174 A and I₃ = 1.304 A
Q84. Which of the following lamps is used in sports stadiums? Q90. A 220 V 3-phase voltage is applied to a balanced delta
(a) Compact fluorescent lamp connected 3-phase purely resistive load. What is the ratio of
(b) Ultraviolent lamp reactive power to active power?
(c) Incandescent lamp (a) 0.5
(d) Sodium vapour lamp (b). 0
(c) 0.25
(d) 1

Q91. Which of the following statements is correct about pure Q96. In a three-phase unbalanced load system, the method
resistive AC circuit? used to measure power is ____________.
(a) Power factor is equal to zero.
(b) Power consumed is always negative. (a) Three voltmeter method
(c) Applied voltage and current are out of phase with each (b) Two voltmeter method
other. (c) One wattmeter method
(d) The expression for power is the same as DC circuit. (d) Two wattmeter method
Q92. A capacitor is allowed to accumulate the charge through

Q97. If the phase difference between two signals is 180°, then
a 3.5A current. How much time will it require to accumulate a
the Lissajous pattern will be _____________.
charge of 70μC charge?
(a) an ellipse with major axis in 2nd and 3rd quadrants
(a) 20 sec
(b) a straight line with major axis in 2nd and 4th quadrants
(b) 200μ sec
(c) 2μ sec (c) an ellipse with major axis in 1st and 4th quadrants
(d) 20μ sec (d) a circle with major axis in 1st and 4th quadrants
Q93. A resistor of 6 Ω and an inductor having inductive Q98. For a CE configuration, the transistor supply voltage is
reactance of 8 Ω are connected in series to a 250 V, 50 Hz 12V. The toad resistance is 900Ω. The voltage drop across load
supply. Calculate the active power consumed. resistance is 0.9V. The value of collector-emitter voltage is
(a) 4.99 kVAR ______________.
(b) 4.99 kW (a) 12 V
(c) 3.75 kVAR (b) 12.9 V
(d) 3.75 kW (c) 0.9 V
(d) 11.1 V
Q94. Reverse saturation current __________ for every 10°C rise
in temperature. Q99. The operating temperature of a central receiver power
(a) Doubles tower of solar plant is ___________.
(b) Reduces by one-third (a) 500-1000°C
(c) Becomes three times (b) 100-200°C
(d) Halves (c)5000-10,000°C
(d) 1000-5000°C
Q95. A 415 V, three-phase star connected alternator supplies
a delta connected load, each phase of which has an impedance Q100. The pipe electrode used for earthing shall not be less
of (86L54.46°) a Calculate kVA rating of the alternator, than the minimum length requirement of ________.
neglecting losses in the line between the alternator and load. (a) 3.5 m
(a) 6.002 kVA (b) 4m
(b) 3.465 kVA (c) 3 m
(c) 5.002 kVA (d) 2.5 m
(d) 7.002 kVA
Solutions
S1. Ans.(a) • This small voltage is the reason of production of
Sol. Supply reactive power to both the machine and load. capacitor current which provides further reactive power
• For purpose of excitation, an induction motor requires for magnetization.
reactive power.
• For this, an induction generator is connected to a grid so S2. Ans.(b)
that it takes reactive power from the grid. Sol. 50 V
• A capacitor bank can be connected across the stator Total resistance in the given circuit is:
terminals of induction generator to supply reactive 𝑅 =4+6
power to the machine and load. = 10 Ω
• Due to residual magnetism when the rotor is rotated at Voltage drop across 4 Ω resistor is:
enough speed, a small voltage is generated across the 𝑉 = 20
stator terminals. ∴𝐼=
𝑉
=
20
𝑅 4

then, 𝐸 = 𝑅 × 𝐼 The adjustment made with the magnetic shunt in three-phase,
= 10 × 5 two-element energy meter for the rotation of aluminum disc
= 50 𝑉 to be zero is two torques would be equal and opposite.
S3. Ans.(b) S7. Ans.(c)

Sol. (i) and (iii) Sol. The field flux control is otherwise called constant power
Reluctance: drive method.
It is property of magnetic circuit of opposing the passage of Speed of DC motor can be controlled in three ways:
magnetic flux lines, equal to the ratio of the magnetomotive • Through supply voltage.
force to the magnetic flux. • By varying the flux, and by varying the current through
𝐿 𝐿
𝑅= = 𝐴/𝑤𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑟 field winding.
𝜇𝐴 𝜇0 𝜇𝑟 𝐴
• By varying the armature voltage, and the armature
• It depends on length area nature of material.
resistance.
• Reluctance of a magnetic circuit is directly proportional
→ Field control method is also known as a tapped field
to its length and inversely proportional to cross-
control method.
sectional area and its permeability.
→ In this, motor is a constant power and variable torque
S4. Ans.(c) drive, so is called constant power drive method.
Sol. 45.94 Hz
Given, 𝑄 (Quality factor) = 1.7322, Bandwidth = 26.52 Hz S8. Ans.(d)
Sol. 788400 kWh
1 𝐿 𝑓
∵𝑄= √ and Bandwidth = 𝑟 , where 𝑓𝑟 is resonant Given, Maximum demand = 300 kW
𝑅 𝐶 𝑄
frequency Load factor = 30%
So, 𝑓𝑟 = Bandwidth × 𝑄 ∴ Energy consumed per annum (kWh) :-
= 26.52 × 1.7322 Load factor × Maximum demand × 8760
𝑓𝑟 = 45.94 Hz = 300 × 0.3 × 8760
= 788400 kWh
S5. Ans.(b) S9. Ans.(c)
Sol. Iron loss due to armature leakage flux and armature Sol. Q-factor provides the voltage magnification.
ohmic loss due to skin effect. Q-factor:
Stray load loss: • In a parallel resonance circuit, Q-factor gives the current
It is the loss in Synchronous motor is occurred due to magnification.
circulating currents set up by the alternating leakage flux • In a series resonance circuit, Q-factor gives the voltage
produced by the load current in the current. The two magnification.
components are: • Q-factor of parallel resonance is the same as that of series
(i) Iron loss due to armature leakage. resonance.
(ii) Ohmic loss due to skin effect.
S10. Ans.(c)
S6. Ans.(d) Sol. Conductive isolation between primary and secondary.
Sol. two torques would be equal and opposite Autotransformer:
Three phase energy meter: • It is an electrical transformer with only one winding. It is
It is a meter used for measuring power of 3 − 𝜙 supply. It has a variable output voltage transformer.
2 discs mounted on the common shaft. Both, the disc has its • An autotransformer is a kind of transformer where
braking magnet, copper ring, shading band and the primary and secondary share the same common single
compensator for getting the correct reading. The two winding.
elements are used for measuring the three phase power. • It is suitable for high power rating.
The driving torque of both element is equal. For this torque is • It has low voltage regulation and low efficiency.
adjusted by connecting the current coils of both the elements
in the series and their potential coils in parallel. The full load S11. Ans.(b)
current is passed through the coil due to which the two Sol. Pyrolysis process
opposite torque is set up in the coil. • The base of thermo-chemical conversion is the pyrolysis
process.

• It is the process in which most of the organic matter upon • Electric clocks
heating in an oxygen-free atmosphere splits through a • Desk fans
combination of thermal cracking and condensations • Air conditioners
reactions into gaseous, liquid, and solid fractions. • Hair dryers
• It occurs at temperature above 430°C (800° f) and under • Advertising display
pressure.
S18. Ans.(a)
Sol. 𝑍 = 12 + 𝑗16 Ω
S12. Ans.(b)
Given, 𝑦 = 0.03 − 𝑗0.04 siemen
Sol. 3 months 1
For 𝑍: 𝑍 =
Rates offered in the tender remain valid for 3 months from the 𝑦
1
date of opening the tender. =
0.03−𝑗0.04
𝑍 = 12 + 𝑗16 Ω
S13. Ans.(d)
Sol. 𝑌 = 0.24 − 𝑗 0.06 mho
Given, 𝑍1 = (4 + 𝑗3)Ω
𝑍2 = (8 − 𝑗6)Ω
When two admittance (𝑦) connected in parallel then,
𝑦 = 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
1 1
∴ 𝑦1 = = (4+𝑗3)Ω
𝑍1
= 0.16 − 0.12 𝑖Ω
1 1
𝑦2 = = (8−𝑗6)
𝑍2
= 0.08 + 0.06 𝑖
Now, 𝑦 = 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
= 0.16 − 0.12𝑖 + 0.08 + 0.06 𝑖
𝑦 = 0.24 − 𝑗0.06 mho

Sol. the lowest of the two will be taken. Sol. −56 𝑉
Rate should be given for each item of work, separately in
words and in figures. In case there is any difference in rates
between words and figures, then the lowest of the two will be
taken.
S15. Ans.(d) Applying kCL at node A:

Sol. 95.12 6 − 𝐼𝑅 + 0.25 𝐼𝑅 = 0
Given, 𝐼/𝑝 = 10,000 𝑘𝑉𝐴 −0.75 𝐼𝑅 = −6
𝐼/𝑝 in kW = 10,000 × 0.8 𝐼𝑅 = 8
= 8000
output power
Now, voltage across 7 Ω resistor is:
Efficiency = × 100 −𝐼𝑅 × 7 = 𝑉0
input power
8000
= × 100 𝑉0 = −8 × 7
8000+40+200+90+80
= 95.12 𝑉0 = −56 𝑉
S16. Ans.(a) S20. Ans.(a)

Sol. Ultraviolet to infrared Sol. 11 kV
A photometer is an instrument that measures the strength of Primary distribution operates at high voltages such as (3.3,
electromagnetic radiation in the range from ultraviolet to 6.6 and 11 kV). The most commonly used nominal primary
infrared and also including the visible spectrum. distribution voltage is 11 kV.
S17. Ans.(d) S21. Ans.(c)

Sol. Electric clocks Sol. In a hysteresis motor the number of rotor poles are
Application of shaded pole single-phase induction motors: greater than the number of stator poles.
• Toys

S28. Ans.(d)
S22. Ans.(b) Sol. 2 – S
Sol. (a) and (b) only In 1 − 𝜙 IM, if the slip of the motor is S with regards to the
• Feeder is designed based on current-carrying capacity. forward rotating flux, then its slip with regard to the
• The main criterion for the design of a distribution feeder backward rotating flux will be 2-S.
is voltage regulation or voltage drop.
• Option (c) is wrong. S29. Ans.(c)
Sol. Constant
S23. Ans.(b) Hysteresis Motor:
Sol. 100 • It is also called synchronous motor and is a single-phase
One maxwell is total flux across a surface of one square motor.
centimeter perpendicular to a magnetic field strength one • It is constructed of five main components that are, stator,
gauss. One line is equivalent to one Maxwell. single-phase stator winding, rotor, shaft, shading coil.
Therefore, • In this motor, hysteresis torque remains practically
100 Maxwells = 100 magnetic line constant.
S24. Ans.(c) S30. Ans.(d)

Sol. 100 Hz Sol. (i), (ii) and (iii)
Given, input frequency (𝑓𝑖𝑛 ) = 100 Hz Solenoid:
for half-wave rectifier: • It is a device comprised of a coil of wire, the housing and
Ripple frequency (𝑓0 ) = 𝑓𝑖𝑛 a moveable plunger.
∴ 𝑓0 = 100 Hz
• It consists of copper coiling over a cylinder designed to
create a strong magnetic field inside the coil because of
S25. Ans.(d)
the flow of current through the coil. By wrapping the
Sol. Does not depend upon the type of solution.
same wire many times around a cylinder the magnetic
Site Selection of a substation considers:
field due to the flow of current can become quite strong.
• It should be near the load center.
• The wire wound with a number of turns in the form of a
• Land cost should be cheap.
helix is known as a solenoid.
• Transportation facilities must be easily available.
• Magnetic flux density is directly proportional to the
• Option 4 is wrong because organization have shown the numbers of turns, current and absolute permeability of
impact of strong electric magnetic fields due to Ultra High the solenoid and inversely proportional to its length,
Voltage (UHV) substations and lines on humans. 𝜇0 𝑁𝐼
𝐵=
𝑳
• Magnetic field outside is weak commonly considered as
S26. Ans.(d)
zero.
Sol. Split – phase IM
For centrifugal pumps and separators, the split phase motor S31. Ans.(d)
is used. It has a single cage rotor, and its stator has two Sol. The head is the vertical distance that water falls.
windings known as main winding and starting winding. And • Micro head power plants are the small power plant with
both windings are displaced 90° in space. an installed capacity of less than 100 kW.
The split-phase IM is also known as Resistance Start Motor. • It is a run river hydroelectric plant. It is simple is
technology, robust and is decentralized.
S27. Ans.(d) • The fundamental components of Micro head power
Sol. Uniform Scale plants include the dam, penstock, turbine, tailrace,
Advantages of Dynamometer type wattmeter: generator and allied equipment.
• Scale is uniform in wattmeter type. • Head is the change in water levels between hydro intake
• More effective in wattmeter type. and discharge point (or) is the vertical distance that
water falls.
Disadvantages of Dynamometer type wattmeter:
S32. Ans.(b)
• Power consumption is high because of its construction. 𝑊𝐿2
• More expensive Sol. 𝑆 =
8𝑇
• It has low sensitivity due to poor deflecting torque. Sag S:

It is distance between the highest point of electric poles or 𝑉 =𝐼×𝑅
towers and the lowest point of a conductor connected = 5 × 4.4
between two poles or towers. = 22 V
Span length is the shortest between two towers or poles i.e,
𝑊𝐿2
𝑆𝑎𝑔 𝑆 = S38. Ans.(b)
8𝑇
Sol. Infinite
S33. Ans.(b) for DC source 𝑓 (frequency) is ‘0’
Sol. Primary winding will burn out and Reactance is given as,
• When DC power supply is given to the primary of the 1
transformer, the primary winding will burn out. 𝑋𝐶 =
2𝜋𝑓𝐶
• Since, transformer works on the principle of mutual for given circuit:
induction, so it only operates on alternating current. 𝑋𝐶 =
1
2𝜋×0×3
S34. Ans.(b) = ∞ (infinite)

Sol. distribution of luminous intensity of light source in all
directions. S39. Ans.(a)
The Polar curves represent the distribution of light or Sol.
19
𝜇𝑓
7
luminous intensity of a light in all directions at an equal
for given circuit, 𝐶1 and 𝐶2 are in series:
angular displacement.
𝐶1 ×𝐶2
𝐶𝑇 =
𝐶1 +𝐶2
S35. Ans.(a) 3×4 12
= =
Sol. Clamper 3+4 7
Clamper circuit: Now, 𝐶𝑇 and 𝐶3 are in parallel
𝐶𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝐶𝑇 + 𝐶3
12
= +1
7
19
= 𝐹
7
A clamping circuit restores the DC level. When a negative peak S40. Ans.(a)
of a signal is raised above the zero level, then the signal is said Sol. Electromagnets are used as Overload release coil.
to be positively clamped. A 3-point starter helps in starting and running the shunt-
wound motor or compound would DC motor.
Electromagnets are used as overload release coil.
S36. Ans.(b)
Sol. 6 cm S41. Ans.(b)
Given, maximum stress 𝑔𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 80 kV/cm Sol. 6.5 A
Minimum stress 𝑔𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 20 kV/cm Given, 𝐶 = 90𝜇𝑓, 𝑓 = 50 Hz
𝑑 = 4 𝑐𝑚 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 230 V
1
𝑔𝑚𝑎𝑥 from Reactance 𝑋𝐶 =
𝐷= ×𝑑 2𝜋𝑓𝑐
𝑔𝑚𝑖𝑛 1
80 =
= × 4 = 16 2𝜋×50×90×10−6
20 = 35.36 Ω
𝐷−𝑑
∴ Insulation thickness = ∴ 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝑉
= 𝑟𝑚𝑠
2 𝑋𝐶
16−4 230
= = 6 cm = = 6.5 𝐴
2 35.56
S37. Ans.(b) S42. Ans.(a)

8
Sol. 22 V Sol. 𝐴
7
∵ 6 and 4 are in parallel
Equivalent resistance (𝑅𝑒𝑞 ) = (6||4) + 2
6×4
= +2
6+4
𝑅𝑒𝑞. = 4.4 V
Voltage across:

𝑅𝜏 = (
4×8
)+2 Magnetomotive force (MMf) is the property of certain
4+8
8 14 substances or phenomenon that gives rise to magnetic fields.
= +2= Ω
3
𝑉
3 It is also known as magnetic potential. Its SI unit ampere-turn
𝐼= (AT).
𝑅𝑇
=
16
×3=
24
𝐴 MMF is product of flux and reluctance.
14 7
∴ Current through 8 Ω resistor using CDR:
𝐼2 = 𝐼 × 1
𝑅 S47. Ans.(c)
𝑅1 +𝑅2
24 4 8
Sol. 10 lumens/watt
= ×( )= 𝐴 Given, Luminous flux = 1000 lumens
7 4+8 7
𝑉 = 200 volt, 𝐼 = 0.5 A
S43. Ans.(b) Power input = 𝑉𝐼
Sol. Henry per meter = 200 × 0.5
Permeability is the measure of the ability of a materials to
= 100 𝑊
support the formation of a magnetic field within itself. Luminous flux
Also it is the degree of magnetization that a material obtains ∴ Luminous efficiency =
power input
in response to an applied magnetic field. Its SI unit is Henry 1000
=
per meter. 100
= 10 lumens per watt
S44. Ans.(b)
Sol. Slightly greater than 1 S48. Ans.(a)
Relative permeability: Sol. One level of AC to another level of AC
It is defined as the ratio of the material permeability to the Permanent magnet synchronous generator:
permeability of free space (𝜇0 ). It converts the mechanical power from aerodynamic wind
• Paramagnetic materials are substances which are poorly
system to electric power. It is mostly used in power plant. The
magnetized in the direction of the magnetizing field
when it is placed in a magnetic field. It have a permanent wind turbine generator system requires a power conditioning
dipole moment. circuit called as power converter.
• Paramagnetic material has a constant relative • The converter used in the generator interface converts
permeability of slightly more than 1. one level of AC to another level of AC.
S45. Ans.(b) S49. Ans.(d)

Sol. Distortion of main flux Sol. Concentrated at the middle of transmission line.
Armature Reaction of Alternator: In Normal T Method:
The effect of armature (stator) flux on the flux on the flux In this method, the whole line to neutral capacitance is
produced by the rotor field poles is called armature reaction. assumed to be concentrated at the middle point of the line and
It depends on power factor. half the line resistance and reactance are lumped on either
side.
Since, armature reaction flux is constant in magnitude and
rotates at a synchronous speed.
S50. Ans.(d)
• At unity power factor load, the armature reaction is Sol. Only a, b and c are true
distortional. Auxiliary motor:
Power factor Armature • A three phase induction motor is used as an auxiliary
reaction motor.
At leading Partly • An auxiliary motor are commonly used to power
magnetizing & partly cross-magnetizing additional equipment mounted on the machine, apart
At ‘0’ power leading purely from the main motor which generates, electro-
magnetizing mechanical rotary motion to drive a the main shaft of the
machine.
At lagging partly
• Its function is to bring the rotor of the synchronous
demagnetizing & partly cross-magnetizing
motor to the synchronous speed.
At ‘0’ power lagging purely • Auxiliary motor starting cannot be used for loaded
demagnetizing synchronous motor.
S46. Ans.(b) S51. Ans.(d)

Sol. flux and reactance Sol. Retentivity

• When magnetizing force is increased, the magnetic flux 𝐶𝑃 = 2 × 𝐶𝐿
into increases. But after a certain point, the flux density = (2 × 0.09) 𝐹/𝑘𝑚
does not increase even though the magnetizing force is = 0.18 𝐹/𝑘𝑚
increased. This is known as the saturation point. for 5 km, equivalent capacitance:
• When the magnetizing force is decreased, the magnetic
𝐶𝑃 = 5 × 0.18
flux also decrease, but there remains certain magnetism
= 0.9 𝑓
even though magnetizing force because zero. This is
called retentivity.
S56. Ans.(b)
S52. Ans.(a) Sol. 69 H
Sol. Risks of delivery and difficulties. Given, 𝐿1 = 30 𝐻 and 𝐿2 = 40 𝐻, 𝑀 = 0.5 𝐻
Purchase Order: ∴ 𝐿𝑒𝑞 = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2 − 2𝑀
It is a commercial document and first official offer issued by a
= 30 + 40 − (2 × 0.5)
buyer to a seller, indicating types, quantities, and agreed
= 69 𝐻
prices for products or services. It is used to control the
purchasing of products and services from external suppliers.
Information about purchase order: S57. Ans.(a)
(a) PO number Sol. High specific gravity
(b) Purchase order date Conductors material used for transmission and
(c) Buyer name and shipping date with additional contact distribution:
information Desirable properties of conductor material are:
(d) Vendor name and billing address • Low specific gravity
(e) Delivery date
• Light in weight
(f) Shipping method
(g) Item name and description • High conductivity
(h) Item quantity • High tensile strength
(i) Item unit cost • High resistance to corrosion in weather conditions
(j) Line total • High thermal stability
(k) Taxes and total prices • Low coefficient of thermal stability
(l) Payment terms • Low cost
S53. Ans.(d)
S58. Ans.(a)
Sol. 400 W
Sol. kWh output in 24 hours to the kWh input in 24 hours.
Given, Iron loss = 200 W The All-day efficiency of a transformer is defined as the ratio
Total losses in transformer is given as: of kWh output in 24 hours to the kWh input in 24 hours. It is
PT = Iron loss + Copper loss calculated on the basis of energy consumed during a period of
At maximum efficiency, 24 hours.
Iron loss = Copper loss
∴ 𝑃𝑇 = 2 × Iron loss S59. Ans.(d)
= 2 × 200 Sol. 40 to 1500 watts
𝑃𝑇 = 400 W • A standard reflector is a reflector setup used for
producing light on a working plane through diffusion.
S54. Ans.(b) • Reflectors are made to accommodate lamps of ratings
Sol. 50 kVA or above from 40 to 1500 watts.
According to IS (Indian Standard) Specification 1180 – 1964 • These are used in factory lighting.
for outdoor type distribution transformer:
• Conservator and thermometer pocket for the S60. Ans.(b)
transformer above the rating of 50 kVA. Sol. maximum, maximum
Sum of individual maximum demand
• Diversity factor =
Maximum demand of system
S55. Ans.(b) Its value is always greater than 1.
Sol. 0.9 f • Load factor =
Average demand
Maximum demand
Given, 𝐶𝐿 = 0.09 𝐹/𝑘𝑚
The value of the load factor is always less than 1.
The phase capacitance is twice the line capacitance i.e.,

i.e., The diversity factor is the ratio of sum of the individual
non-coincident maximum loads of different subdivisions S65. Ans.(a)
of the system to the maximum demand of the complete Sol. Increase in resistance
system.
Spiraling of conductor:
• It is a process in which the core is of the material which
S61. Ans.(a)
has greater conductivity while the outer strands are of
Sol. Depreciation factor
Calculation of light in Lumen method: lighter material.
• While calculating the lemons received, the depreciator • ACSR (Aluminum – conductor – Steel – Reinforced) is one
factor must be considered. of the most used conductors in the transmission lines.
• Since, depreciation factor is the ratio of the illumination • The overhead transmission line needs a conductor which
when everything is clean to illumination under normal is light in weight and also has greater conductivity. For
conditions. this spiraling of the conductor is done.
𝜌𝑙
S62. Ans.(a) • Since, 𝑅 =
𝐴
Sol. Change in voltage ; change in current From this formula, we known resistance is inversely
Dynamic resistance of the diode: proportional to the cross-sectional (A) area, therefore
the total resistance increases due to spiraling.
S66. Ans.(c)
Sol. current source, voltage source, capacitor and inductor.
Duality in electrical network:
Series Parallel
Voltage source Current source
Dynamic resistance is the resistance given by the diode when Voltage current
connected in forward and reverse bias with an AC supply. It is
Inductor Capacitor
given as the ratio of change in voltage to change in current.
∆𝑉𝐷 Resistance Conductance
i.e., 𝑅𝐷 =
∆𝐼𝐷 kVL kCL
S63. Ans.(c)
S67. Ans.(a)
Sol. Absolute permeability in free space Sol. 0bA
Relative permeability is defined as the ratio of material At node A, assuming voltage ‘V’:
permeability to the absolute permeability of free space. 𝑉−10
+
𝑉
+
𝑉−(−20)
=0
𝜇 2 20 4
i.e., 𝜇𝑟 = , where, 𝜇𝑟 = relative permeability 10𝑉−100+𝑉+5+100
=0
𝜇0
20
𝜇 = material permeability 𝑉=0
𝜇0 = absolute permeability ∴ Current across 20 Ω resistor is:
𝑉 0
Value of permeability of free space is 4𝜋 × 10−7 𝐻/𝑚 𝐼=
𝑅
=
20
𝐼 = 0𝐴
S64. Ans.(d)
Sol. Hall effect sensor S68. Ans.(a)
Sol. Significantly low
Brushless DC motor:
Squirrel cage induction motor is a type of 3𝜙 induction motor
• It is an electronically commuted DC motor which does
which consists of steel laminations, with aluminum or copper
not have brushes. conductors embedded in its surface.
• It is having permanent magnets in the rotor to avoids the These motor do not have slip rings and brush assembly, hence
need for a commutator and brushes. it requires less maintenance as compared to a slip ring
• The position of shaft is determined by using a hall effect induction motor.
sensor. And this hall effect sensors uses the hall effect to
S69. Ans.(b)
determine magnetic field strength.

Sol. mutual inductance
Electrodynamic type wattmeter: S75. Ans.(d)
This contains two coils a fixed coil (current coil) to carry the Sol. Universal motor
current and other is a moving coil (pressure or voltage coil) Field tapping method is a type of speed control methods of
carries the current directly proportional to the voltage. universal motor. In this method,
The mutual inductance error is occurred between the the field poles are tapped at various points so that the speed
pressure coil and the current coil. of the motor can be varied by
varying the field strength.
S70. Ans.(d)
Sol. Large
Hard Magnetic Material: S76. Ans.(d)
• Hard magnetic materials can retain their magnetism
Sol. P = √3𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 cos ϕ
even after the removal of the external magnetic field, and
Power in 3-ϕ star connection:-
are difficult to magnetize and demagnetize.
Active power:-
• The area of the hysteresis loop of hard magnetic material
P = P = √3𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 cos ϕ
is large.
Reactive power:-
S71. Ans.(a) Q = P = √3𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 sin ϕ
Sol. Neon ∴ Apparent power is given by:-
Biomass is renewable organic material that comes from living S = √𝑃2 + 𝑄2
organisms, (for example plants, animals, etc.) S = √3𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿
Burning biomass release methane, hydrogen, carbon
monoxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxides, etc. S77. Ans.(b)
Sol. 4A
S72. Ans.(b) At node A:-
Sol. over and above 𝑉−12 𝑉
+ –2=0
• Base load is minimum level of electricity demand 4 1
required over a period of 24 hours. V = 4 Volts

• Peak load is highest amount of energy that a consumer Current across the 1Ω resistor is:-
𝑉 4
draws from the grid in a set period of time. I= =
𝑅 1
• The peak load is always over and above the base load. I = 4A
S78. Ans.(d)
S73. Ans.(d) Sol. (9-j6) Ω
Sol. Non-uniform Given, ZS = 9 + j6
• Moving Iron instrument works on principle of attraction Value of load impedance is given by:-
of a single piece of soft iron into the magnetic field. Z L = ZS *
• These are used for the measured of RMS value of current = (9 + j6)*
and voltage. ZL = 9 – j6 [Since, during conjugate operation the sign
• MI instrument have a non-uniform scale. of the imaginary part changes]

1
Sol. − 𝑉 Sol. Neutral Earthing
2
Earth Resistance:-
Earth resistance is the resistance supplied by the earth’s
electrode toward the flow of electricity further into the
surface or ground.
• Value should be 1 ohm for proper earthing.
• It does not depend on the neutral earthing.
Using kVL: S80. Ans.(b)

−19𝑉1 − 𝑉1 − 10 = 0 Sol. Compensate the error due to temperature variations
1
𝑉1 = − 𝑉
2

Permanent magnet moving coil instrument are the Since, the circuit given consists of two voltages sources of
instruments used to measure DC quantities. It has a uniform 100V and 200V. So, reciprocity theorem will not applicable
scale. here.
Error in PMMC instruments:-
• The basic source of error in PMC instruments are fiction, S87. Ans.(c)
temperature, and aging of various parts. Sol. Ten times high
• The swamping resistance is compensate the error due to The current is inversely proportional to the frequency.
1
temperature variations. i.e. I ∝
𝑤
• Ratio of torque to weight is made very high to reduce the for a purely inductive circuit, if the supply frequency is
frictional errors. reduced to 1/10th of the previous value, then the current will
be ten times high.
S81. Ans.(b)
Sol. one-third S88. Ans.(a)
Magnetic-field at the center of the coil is given by:- Sol. 0.3 V
𝜇𝐼
B= Barrier voltage is the minimum voltage required by a diode
2𝑅
According to given condition, if the radius of a circular known as knee-voltage or cut-in voltage.
current-carrying coil is tripled, then the magnetic field at the Barrier voltage of ‘Germanium’ diode is 0.3V and for ‘silicon’
center of the coil becomes one-third. it is 0.7 V.

Sol. The illumination is directly proportional to the luminous Sol. I₁ = 5.714 A, I₂ = 2.857 A and I₃ = 1.428 A
intensity and inversely proportional to the square of distance
of the surface from the source.
S83. Ans.(d)
Sol. Flexible conduits
• Flexible conduits in the starter are used for connection I₁, I₂, I₃ = ??
form the starter to the motor as it is to be taken over the For req:- R₁ || R₂ || R₃
foundation bed on which the motor is used placed. =(
1×2
) || 4
1+2
• Its length should not be more than 1.25 m. 2
= || 4
3
2
S84. Ans.(d) = 23
×4
= 0.571 Ω
Sol. Sodium vapour 3
+4
Sodium vapour lamps are also commonly used for sporting Now,
events.
Since, they have a very high lumen-to-watt ratio typically 80-
140 lumens/watt.
S85. Ans.(d)
Sol. Reliable Evidence Voltage is:- V = I × R
The estimator should have knowledge of works, labour, = 10 × 0.571 ω = 5.7 V
reliability and possible faults and his cost statements must be To parallel, voltage remains same:-
based on reliable evidence. I₁ =
5.71
, I₂ =
5.71
, I₃ =
5.71
1Ω 2 4
I₁ = 5.71A I₂ = 2.857 I₃ = 1.428A
S86. Ans.(c)
Sol. Cannot be applied because it contains more than one S90. Ans.(b)
voltage source. Sol. 0
Reciprocity theorem is applicable only to single source Ratio of reactive power to active power:-
networks not to a multisource networks. 𝑄
=
3𝑉𝑃 𝐼𝑃 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙
𝑃 3𝑉𝑃 𝐼𝑃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙
0
=
1

𝑄
=0 [for resistive load, cos ϕ = 1 & If cos ϕ = 1 than S = 6.002 kVA
𝑃
sin ϕ = 0]
S96. Ans.(d)
S91. Ans.(d) Sol. Two Wattmeter method
Sol. The expression for power is the same as DC circuit In a three-phase unbalanced load system, for the
measurement power 2 wattmeter are required.
• For a purely AC resistive circuit, the voltage and current
are in the same phase. Power factor (cos ϕ) is unity. S97. Ans.(b)
• The expression for power is the same as the DC circuit.
Sol. Straight line with major axis is 2nd and 4th quadrants
Lissajous Pattern:-
S92. Ans.(d)
Sol. 20 μ sec This Lissajous pattern forms when two sinusoidal signals of
Given, Q = 70 μc, I = 3.5 A the same frequency and magnitude are applied to the CRO,
∵I=
𝑄 Phase angle (ϕ) Lissajous pattern
𝑡
70 × 10−6 0° or 360° Straight lien with a major axis in the
3.5 =
𝑡 1st and 3rd quadrants
t = 20 μ sec
90° or 270° Circle
S93. Ans.(d) 180° Straight line with a major axis in the
Sol. 3.75 kW 2nd and 4th quadrants
Given, R = 6Ω, XL = 8Ω, V = 250 volts
𝑉
Current:- I =
√(𝑅)2 + (𝑋𝐿 )2
250
=
√(6)2 + (8)2
250
I= = 25A
√100
Power factor:-
𝑋
cos ϕ = cos [[tan−1 ( 𝐿 )]]
𝑅
8
= cos [tan −1
( )]
6
cos ϕ = 0.6
Active power:-
P = VI cos ϕ
= 250 × 25 × 0.6
P = 3.75 kW
S98. Ans.(d)
S94. Ans.(a)
Sol. 11.1V
Sol. Doubles Given, VCC = 12V, VL = 0.9V, VCE = ??
Reverse saturation current is the current flowing in the diode VCC = VL + VCE
during reverse bias conditions due which is caused by the 12 = 0.9 + VCE
diffusion of minority carriers from the neutral regions to the VCE = 11.1 V
depletion region.
S99. Ans.(a)
S95. Ans.(a) Sol. 500° C to 1000° C
Sol. 6.002 kVA Central receiver tower of solar plant use a field of distributed
mirrors and also known as the heliostats that individually
Given, VP = 415V, ZP = 86 ∠54.46° Ω
𝑉𝑃 track the sun and focus the sunlight on the top of a tower. They
Phase current IP = achieve temperature from 500° C to 1000° C.
𝑍𝑃
=
415 S100. Ans.(d)
86∠54.46°
Sol. 2.5m
IP = 4.82 ∠-54.46
KVA rating for a delta-connected load is given:- • Earthing is the process of transferring and immediate
S = 3VPIP discharge electrical energy to the earth directly through
= 3 × 415 × 4.82 a low-resistance wire.

• Pipe earthing is common type of earthing in India. It uses The pipe electrode used for earthing shell not be less than
an iron electrode to connect with the earth’s electrical 2.5m in length and 40 mm in diameter.
conductors.
SSC JE PYQ
Q1. The resistivity of a wire depends on: (b) Conventional source of energy
(a) both the length and area of the cross-section of the wire (c) Non-conventional source of energy
(b) only the radius of the wire (d) Continuous source of energy
(c) the nature of the material of the wire
(d) only the length of the wire Q6. The diffusion capacitance for a silicon diode with 20 mA
forward current, if the charge carrier transit time is 70 ns, is
____________.
Q2. Which of the following options is true with respect to
(a) 1 nF
extending the range of a wattmeter using instrument
(b) 1 mF
transformers?
(c) 2 nF
(a) The secondary winding of potential transformer is (d) 2 mF
connected in series with the pressure coil of wattmeter
and voltmeter. Q7. The current in the 4Ω resistor in the figure shown below
(b) The primary winding of potential transformer is is:
connected in series with the load.
(c) The primary winding of current transformer is connected
in parallel with the load.
(d) The secondary winding of current transformer is
connected in series with the current coil of wattmeter and
ammeter.
−20
Q3. When a rated load with 0.8 lagging power factor is (a) A and flowing from A to B
3
supplied, the terminal voltage of a three phase star connected 5
(b) A and flowing from A to B
alternator with a certain interference is 6600 V (line-to-line 3
5
value). With the same interference, the voltage developed in (c) A and flowing from B to A
3
the open circuit is 7154 V (phase value). What will be the (d) zero
value of voltage regulation of the alternator?
(a) 46.7% Q8. The active and lagging reactive components of current
taken by an AC circuit from a 200 V supply are 40 A and 30 A,
(b) –46.7%
respectively. What is the value of admittance of the circuit?
(c) 14.54%
(a) 0.13 S
(d) 87.8%
(b) 0.25 S
(c) 0.52 S
Q4. If 𝐼𝑓 is the full load current/phase and %𝑋𝑆 is the
(d) 0.31 S
percentage synchronous reactance, maximum power output
of an alternator is:
𝐸𝐼𝑓 ×100
Q9. The area under daily integrated load duration curve is
(a) 𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = equal to the ____________.
%𝑋𝑆
%𝑋𝑆 𝐼𝑓 ×100 (a) voltage generated per day
(b) 𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝐸
%𝑋𝑆 ×100
(b) frequency generated per day
(c) 𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (c) current generated per day
𝐸𝐼𝑓
𝐼𝑓 ×100 (d) units generated per day
(d) 𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝐸𝑋𝑆
Q10. The ratio of the RMS value of the average value of an AC

Q5. Choose the correct classification for Hydro power plant. is known as:
(a) Non-renewable source of energy
(a) amplitude factor

(b) peak factor
(c) form factor
(d) crest factor
Q11. A circuit has an inductance of 20H. If the current in the

circuit changes at the rate of 50mA/sec, then self-induced
EMF is ____________.
(a) 1000 V
(b) 1 V
(c) 100 V (a) −5 V
(d) 1 mV (b) 5 V
(c) 10 V
Q12. Under phantom loading testing of an energy meter, the (d)25 V
power required to test is _____________.
(a) infinite Q17. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
(b) 1 (a) Future extension is easy for outdoor substation.
(c) very low (b) Outdoor substation requires less time for erection.
(d) very high (c) Outdoor substation requires more space as compared to
indoor substation.
Q13. What is the power factor angle of an RC series circuit?
𝐶𝑅
(d) The cost of outdoor substation is higher than indoor
(a) tan−1 ( ) substation.
𝑊
1
(b) tan −1
( )
𝑊𝐶𝑅
𝑅 Q18. A 4-pole, DC series motor has a wave connected
(c) tan−1 ( )
𝐶𝑊 armature with 200 conductors. The flux per pole is 20 m Wb
−1 𝑊
(d) tan ( ) when the motor is drawing 20 A from the supply. The back
𝐶𝑅
EMF of the motor is 200 V. Calculate the speed of the motor
Q14. Which of the following concepts is applied in under this condition.
instruments of the electrodynamometer type? (a) 1500 rpm
(a) The force between two current carrying coils (b) 1374 rpm
(b) Magnitude effect (c) 1893 rpm
(c) The force between two permanent magnets
(d) 1450 rpm
(d) The force between a permanent magnet and a current
carrying coil
Q19. Demand factor is taken as a ____________.
Q15. Which of the following statements is NOT true about (a) time dependent quantity
bandwidth in an RLC parallel circuit? (b) time independent quantity
(a) Formula for calculating bandwidth is the same for series (c) current dependent quantity
and parallel circuit. (d) current independent quantity
(b) Bandwidth can be given in terms of resonant frequency
and quality factor. Q20. Before taking work in hand, even the contractor
(c) Bandwidth is the ratio of quality factor to the resonant following good management practices may be unaware of
frequency. ________.
(a) contingencies
(d) Bandwidth is defined as the size of frequency range that
(b) analysis of costs
is passed or rejected by the tuned circuit.
(c) specifications
(d) availability of products
Q16. The voltage across a 5 Ω resistor is:
Q21. The load factor is defined as the ___________.

(a) average load divided by the average load in a specified
time period.

(b) maximum load divided by the average load in a specified
time period. Q27. An overall power generation economics is 𝐸 = 𝑎 +
(c) average load divided by the peak load in a particular time 𝑏𝐾𝑊 + 𝑐𝑘𝑊𝐻, where 𝑐 is __________.
period. (a) waste charge
(d) maximum load divided by the peak load in a specified (b) fixed charge
time period. (c) running charge
(d) constant charge
Q22. For applications such as induction furnace control,
_____________ motor is used. Q28. A machine working with DC and its construction, similar
(a) single value capacitor run motor to AC synchronous machine, is a/an ___________.
(b) repulsion motor (a) induction motor
(c) shaded pole single phase motor (b) commutator motor
(d) two value capacitor run motor (c) brushless DC motor
(d) conventional DC motor
Q23. The logical method of estimating for electrical works
does NOT involve which of the following processes? Q29. All tenders received for the same contract are opened by
(a) Average costing of accessories the competent authority in person at the advertised time and
(b) Price items at net cost place in the presence of ____________.
(c) Provide overhead charges (a) either agents or contractors
(d) As certain the quantities involved accurately (b) agents of intending contractors only
(c) both agents and contractors
Q24. Which of the following statements about armature (d) intending contractors only
reaction of alternator is NOT correct?
(a) It increases the generated voltage and sparking at Q30. If the voltage across a 5 𝜇𝐹 capacitor is 𝑉(𝑡) =
brushes reduces. 40 cos(6000𝑡) volt, then the current through it is:
(b) It reduces the generated voltage by distorting the main (a) 1.2 cos(6000𝑡) 𝑎𝑚𝑝
(b) – 1.2 sin(6000𝑡) 𝑎𝑚𝑝
flux and it causes sparking at the brushes.
(c) 1.2 sin(6000𝑡) 𝑎𝑚𝑝
(c) When the generator is loaded, the armature carries the
(d) −1.2 cos(6000𝑡) 𝑎𝑚𝑝
current; the armature current sets up its own magnetic
field.
Q31. In the figure shown below, if the current I decreases at a
(d) It depends on both load current and power factor.
rate of 𝛽, then 𝑉𝑃 − 𝑉𝑄 is:
Q25. How many pressure coils and current coils, respectively,

are present in a three-phase dynamometer wattmeter?
(a) There is one pressure coil and one current coil (a) +𝐿𝛽
𝑑𝑖
(b) There are three pressure coils and three current coils (b) 𝐿 × ×𝛽
𝑑𝑡
(c) There are two pressure coils and two current coils (c) 𝑂 𝑉
(d) There is no pressure coil and no current coil (d) − 𝐿𝛽
Q26. Which of the following statements are true? Q32. The standard illumination level for a workshop area
A. The electric power from 11 kV lines is delivered to where detailed or fine work is done is in the range of:
distribution sub-station. (a) 200-300 lux
B. Distribution sub-stations are located near consumers (b) 800-1000 lux
localities. (c) more than 1000 lux
C. Distribution sub-stations step down the voltage to 400 V (d) 500-700 lux
(L-L).
Q33. For a germanium diode having a forward current of 10
(a) B and C only
mA and 30 ns as charge carrier transit time, the diffusion
(b) A and C only capacitance is ____________.
(c) A, B and C (a) 1 nF
(d) A and B only (b) 105 F

(c) 90000 nF (d) A and C only
(d) 2 nF
Q40. In the circuit shown below, the current I is:
Q34. A tender is usually accompanied with an amount called
____________.
(a) delivery money
(b) earnest money
(c) purchase money
(d) tender money
Q35. The voltage and current through a pure inductor are 𝑉 =

110 sin(314 + 45°) volts and 𝑖 = 11 sin(314 𝑡 − 45°)
amperes. Obtain the expression of power.
(a) 𝑃 = −605 sin 314 𝑡 (a) 12 A
(b) 𝑃 = 605 sin 628 𝑡 (b) 2 A
(c) 𝑃 = −605 sin 628 𝑡 (c) 10 A
(d) 𝑃 = 605 sin 314 𝑡 (d) –2 A
Q36. The cable rating suitable for connecting a load of 3 kW

to a single-phase supply of 230 V is ____________. Q41. The direction of motion of the conductor, according to
(a) 20 A Fleming’s right hand rule is indicated by __________.
(b) 10 A (a) both fore finger and middle finger
(c) 15 A (b) thumb
(d) 5 A (c) fore finger
(d) middle finger
Q37. Which of the following statements regarding the
absorption factor in lighting purposes is correct?
(a) It is defined as the ratio of total lumens available after Q42. Consider the following statements about characteristics
absorption to the total lumens emitted by the source of of reluctance motor and select the suitable combination of
light. correct choices.
(b) It is defined as the ratio of the change in the brightness
A. Reluctance motors cannot accelerate high inertia loads to
after the light has been absorbed by the surface.
(c) It is defined as the ratio of utilization factor to the the synchronous speed.
depreciation factor. B. Reluctance motors can accelerate high inertia loads to the
(d) It is defined as the ratio of the candle power before and synchronous speed.
after absorption of light. C. Reluctance motors are cheaper than any other kind of
synchronous machines.
Q38. Which of the following methods can result in a square
D. Reluctance motors have constant speed characteristics.
waveform?
(a) Multivibrators (a) A, B and D are correct
(b) T-oscillator (b) A, C and D are correct
(c) Hartley oscillator (c) B, C and D are correct
(d) Wien bridge oscillators (d) A, B and C are correct
Q39. Which of the following statements are correct with

Q43. The ripple factor for a half-wave rectifier without filter
respect to the line support used in transmission and
is ____________.
distribution lines?
(a) 0.482
A. Must have high mechanical strength. (b) 40.6
B. Should have longer life. (c) 81.2
C. Should be light in weight without the loss of mechanical (d) 1.21
strength.
(a) A, B and C Q44. The toroid is _________.
(b) A and B only (a) a long straight current carrying conductor bent to form
(c) B and C only circular shape

(b) a bar magnet (d) Henry/ampere-meter
(c) a solenoid bent in circular shape and ends are joined
(d) a circular carrying conductor Q52. The effective resistance of a 2200 V, 50 Hz, 440 KVA,
single-phase alternator is 0.5 Ω. On short circuit, a field
current of 40 A gives the full load current of 200 A. The
Q45. Extra high-tension cables are used for the voltage level electromotive force on open circuit with same field excitation
of __________. is 1160 V. Calculate the synchronous impedance.
(a) beyond 400 kV (a) 2.8 Ω
(b) 0 to 1 kV (b) 4.8 Ω
(c) 33 kV to 66 kV (c) 3.8 Ω
(d) 132 kV to 400 kV (d) 5.8 Ω
Q53. The unit of magnetic flux in terms of lines of force is

Q46. Angle reflectors are used to provide illumination in a _____________.
vertical plane, where reflectors used are of the ______________. (a) 1 wb = 188 lines of force
(a) concentrating type (b) 1 wb = 106 lines of force
(b) enclosed type (c) 1 wb = 10−6 lines of force
(c) diffusing type (d) 1 wb = 10−8 lines of force
(d) standard type
Q54. In the circuit shown in the figure, find the current
flowing through the 12 Ω resistor.
Q47. Feeders are mainly designed from the point of view of
___________.
(a) frequency of the system
(b) its current carrying capacity
(c) number of tapings from it
(d) voltage drops in it
(a) 3 A
Q48. What frequency does the sinusoidal signal have that
(b) 0.25 A
occupies five horizontal divisions and three vertical divisions (c) 0.75 A
on a CRO for a full cycle if the time base is set to 1 ms per (d) 1 A
division?
(a) 250 Hz Q55. The energy stored in the capacitor 𝐶1 under steady state
(b) 100 Hz condition is:
(c) 1 KHz
(d) 200 Hz
Q49. Earthing is required to protect apparatus, equipment,

machines etc. from ____________.
(a) excess current
(b) excess voltage (a) 100 J
(c) leakage current (b) 350 J
(d) leakage impedance (c) 25 J
(d) 250 J
Q50. Which of the following statements does NOT come under Q56. What are the signs of wattmeter 𝑊1 and 𝑊2 , respectively,
the advantages of stationary armature in an alternator?
if the power factor of the system is 0.5?
(a) It is easy to insulate slip rings which are on DC.
(b) Sparking at brushes is completely avoided. (a) Negative and positive
(c) The stator weight is less compared to rotor weight. (b) Positive and positive
(d) It needs only two slip rings on DC side. (c) Positive and 0
(d) Positive and negative
Q51. Which of the following is the unit of reluctance?
(a) Ohm – meter/ampere
(b) Ampere – turn/weber Q57. Starting torque in 1-ph IM is zero as ____________.
(c) Weber/meter (a) Tf and Tb are numerically unequal and oppositely directed

(b) Tf and Tb are numerically unequal and in same direction
(c) Tf and Tb are numerically equal and oppositely directed Q64. The Norton’s equivalent current (𝐼𝑁 ) between A and B
(d) Tf and Tb are numerically equal and in same direction for the circuit is:
Q58. A coil having pure inductance of 0.2H is connected in

series with a 60𝜇𝐹 capacitor. The voltage across the circuit is
230V, 50Hz. The active power consumed by the circuit is:
(a) 100 watts
(b) 0 watts
(c) 460 watts (a) 2.5 A
(d) 10 watts (b) 1 A
(c) 4 A
(d) 0 A
Q59. A short transmission line has impedance value of 20 Ω.
The values of A, B, C and D parameters of the short Q65. For n-JFET, the channel is a/an _____________ channel and
transmission line are ____________, respectively. gates are ________________.
(a) 1, 20, 0, 1 (a) N type; P type
(b) 1, 1, 1, 1 (b) N type; N type
(c) 20, 1, 0, 20 (c) P type; P type
(d) 1,
1
, 0, 1 (d) P type; N type
20
Q66. A 2200/1100 V, 50 Hz single-phase transformer having

Q60. What are the other systems, outside the driving and a negligible winding resistance operates from a variable
registering system of the single-phase energy meter, make up voltage, variable frequency supply such that V/f is constant.
the fundamental components of construction? Which of the following options is correct about the range of
(a) Moving System, Braking System frequencies?
(b) Magnetic Flux System, Shunt System (a) No variation either in eddy current or hysteresis loss
(c) Moving System, Parallel System (b) Both hysteresis loss and eddy current loss varies
(d) Series System, Braking System (c) Eddy current loss vary and constant hysteresis loss
(d) Hysteresis loss vary and constant eddy current loss
Q61. In an E-MOSFET, the surface is coated with ______________.
(a) Silicon dioxide
(b) Calcium oxide
(c) Sulphur oxide
(d) Carbon dioxide
Q62. What is the voltage range generally used in medium

transmission lines?
(a) 400 kV to 700 kV
(b) 20 kV to 100 kV
(c) More than 700 kV
(d) 200 kV to 400 kV
Q63. Which of the following statements is NOT true about a

Q67. A sinusoidal quantity can be expressed as:
series LC circuit?
(a) Co-ordinate form only
(a) It is also known as a tank circuit.
(b) Rectangular form only
(b) It consumes some energy because of the non zero
(c) Polar form only
resistance of the components as connecting wires.
(d) Either polar or rectangular form
(c) It consumes no energy in the ideal form.
(d) The total voltage across the terminals is equal to the
Q68. Which of the following statement is/are FALSE with
difference between the voltage across the capacitor and
regard to shell type transformers?
voltage across inductor.
(i) Power transfer capability is more.

(ii) The main disadvantage of shell type transformers is that Q74. Determine the effective inductance of the series
maintenance is not easy. connected coupled coils as shown in the given figure.
(iii) The losses are high.
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) Only (iii)
(d) Only (i)
(a) 12 H
Q69. Consider the following statements about features of a (b) 6 H
hysteresis motor and select the suitable combination of (c) 13 H
correct choices. (d) 10 H
A. Its hysteresis torque remains practically constant from
locked rotor to synchronous speed.
Q75. A 2 kVA, 200/100 V, 400 Hz transformer is desired t be
B. Hysteresis motor is able to accelerate at any load.
used at a frequency of 50 Hz. What will be the voltage rating
C. It operates quietly and does not suffer from magnetic
of the transformer at reduced frequency if the flux density
pulsations.
remains constant?
D. Hysteresis motor is subject to mechanical vibrations.
(a) A, C and D are correct (a) 41 V
(b) Only B is correct (b) 25 V
(c) Only D is correct (c) 37 V
(d) A, B and C are correct (d) 23 V
Q70. The Sun is the ____________ source of energy. Q76. The magnetization branch of an equivalent circuit of a
(a) Third transformer is drawn in __________ with supply voltage.
(b) Primary (a) both series and parallel
(c) Secondary (b) parallel only
(d) Fourth (c) series only
(d) Neither series nor parallel
Q71. Which of the following statements about film lighting is
FALSE?
Q77. Damper windings are used in synchronous generator to:
(a) A tungsten light has the maximum Colour Rendering
Index used in film lighting. (a) carry magnetic flux
(b) Hydrargyrum Medium Arc Iodide (HMI) are flicker-free (b) carry leakage current
lights. (c) maintain balanced 3-phase voltage under unbalanced
(c) A tungsten light does not make use of mercury vapour condition
lights as in fluorescent lamps. (d) provide starting torque
(d) The Colour temperature of fluorescent lamps is lower
than that of incandescent lamps. Q78. A hydroelectric generating station is supplied from a
reservoir with a capacity of 5000000 cubic meters at a head
Q72. In a series RLC circuit, 𝑅 = 4Ω, 𝐿 = 4 𝑚𝐻 and 𝐶 = 20𝜇𝐹. of 200 meters and total energy available of 2.044 × 106 kWh
What is the value of Q-factor? and water density = 997 kg/m3 . Find out overall efficiency.
(a) 7.07 (a) 25%
(b) 0.0176
(b) 50%
(c) 0.0707
(c) 100%
(d) 3.535
(d) 75%
Q73. The electric potential at point A is 60 V and at B is –90 V.
Find the work done by an external force and electrostatic Q79. The susceptibility of which of the following magnetic
force, respectively, in moving an electron slowly from B to A. materials is negative?
(a) 240 × 10−19 𝐽 and 240 × 10−19 𝐽 (a) Paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials
(b) 240 × 10−19 𝐽 and zero (b) Paramagnetic materials
(c) Zero and 240 × 10−19 𝐽 (c) Diamagnetic materials
(d) −240 × 10−19 𝐽 and 240 × 10−19 𝐽 (d) Ferromagnetic materials

Q80. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? Q86. If 5A current flows through a circuit for 5 minutes, then
(a) Tapings are taken from the distributions for supply of calculate the total charge.
consumers. (a) 100 C
(b) Voltage drop is the main consideration is design of (b) 25 C
distributors. (c) 300 C
(c) Service mains connect consumers to the distributor (d) 1500 C
directly.
(d) While designing a distributor, voltage drop is not Q87. A 230 V lamp has a total flux of 1000 lumens and takes a
considered. current of 0.5 A. The MSCP per watt of the lamp is:
(a) 0.69
Q81. If 𝐼1 in the given circuit is 1 A, what will be the current 𝐼2 (b) 6.9
in the 2 circuit?
nd (c) 0.138
(d) 1.38
Q88. In the circuit shown below, the reading of the ideal

ammeter and voltmeter, respectively, will be:
(a) 2 A
(b) 3 A
(c) 1 A
(d) 10 A
Q82. The efficiency of a large transformer under full load

condition is found by conducting which of the following tests? (a) 2 A and 8 V
(a) SC test (b) 2 A and 0 V
(b) OC test (c) 0 A and 0 V
(c) Sumpner’s test (d) 0 A and 8 V
(d) Core balance test
Q89. In an electric circuit, a 10 V voltage source is connected
Q83. The boiler generates steam at __________. in series with a 2 Ω resistance, the dual of this circuit consists
(a) low pressure and high temperature of:
(b) low pressure and low temperature (a) 10 A current source and a 2 S conductance
(c) high pressure and high temperature (b) 5 A current source and a 2 Ω ressitance
(d) high pressure and low temperature (c) 5 A current source and a 2 S conductance
(d) 10 V voltage source and a 2 S conductance
Q84. A 4400-watt electric heater has a resistance of 11 Ω.
What will be the maximum permissible current? Q90. The lifting power of a magnet is inversely proportional
(a) 200 amp to ____________.
(b) 20 amp (a) radius of the conductor
(c) 400 amp (b) square of the magnetic flux density
(d) 40 amp (c) absolute permeability
(d) cross-sectional area
Q85. Norton’s theorem can be applied to ___________.
(a) both linear and nonlinear networks Q91. The phosphor material containing cadmium borate used
(b) only nonlinear unilateral networks in fluorescent lamps gives which of the following colour?
(c) linear networks (a) Yellowish white
(d) only nonlinear networks (b) Green
(c) Pink
(d) Bluish white

Q97. A 120 Ω resistor is in parallel with a capacitor with a
Q92. The insulating oil used in transformers is obtained by capacitive reactance of 40 Ω. Both components are across a 20
fractional distillation of ____________. V AC source. What is the magnitude of the total current
(a) vegetable oil through the circuit?
(b) animal oil
5
(c) both animal oil and vegetable oil (a) √ 𝐴
18
(d) crude petroleum
1
(b) √ 𝐴
120
Q93. JFET is a/an __________ device.
2
(a) Antipolar (c) √ 𝐴
9
(b) Bipolar
(c) Tripolar 1
(d) √ 𝐴
40
(d) Unipolar
Q94. A 20 m long and 10 m wide room is to be illuminated to Q98. Which of the following statements about voltage
a level of 300 lux. Find the number of lamps needed to regulation of an alternator is NOT correct?
illuminate the whole area if a lumen output of 5000 lumens is (a) Steady state short-circuit conditions and stability are
required (Given Utilisation factor = 0.7 and Maintenance affected by the voltage regulation.
factor = 0.9). (b) Parallel operation of one alternator, with other
(a) 25 alternators, is affected considerably by its voltage
(b) 9
regulation.
(c) 38
(c) Voltage regulation determines the type of automatic
(d) 19
voltage-control equipment to be used.
Q95. The tripping of circuit due to earthing in case of faults (d) Steady state short-circuit conditions and stability are not
saves wastage of electrical energy due to ___________. affected by the voltage regulation.
(a) supply frequency
(b) drawing of excess current Q99. Which of the following statements is WRONG with
(c) supply of excess current respect to magnetic circuits?
(d) supply of excess voltage (a) The reluctance of a magnetic circuit depends on the
material used in it.
Q96. For the circuit shown below, the voltage across the 11 Ω
(b) The reluctance in magnetic circuits is analogous to the
resistor is given by:
resistance in electric circuits.
(c) The reluctance causes the waste of energy.
(d) The flux in magnetic circuits is analogous to the current
in electric circuits.
Q100. The load curve is the curve showing the ____________ on

the power station with respect to time.
(a) 1 𝑉
22 (a) huge load
(b) 𝑉
3 (b) constant load
(c) 0 𝑉
2
(c) less load
(d) 𝑉 (d) variation of load
3
Solutions
S1. Ans.(c) Sol. The nature of the material of the wire.

Resistivity is the intrinsic property of the substance. It is the 𝐼 ×𝜏
CD = 𝐷
𝜂𝑉𝑇
property of the material which depends on the nature and the 20 × 10−3 × 70 × 10−3
composition of the material and the composition is affected by =
0.7
the temperature. = 2nf
It is denoted as ′𝜌’
S7. Ans.(c)
5
S2. Ans.(d) Sol. A & following from B to A.
3
Sol. 87.8% Applying KCL at node A:-
The secondary winding of current transformer is connected
in series with the current coil of wattmeter and ammeter.
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. Given, rated terminal voltage (V) = 6600
No-load induced CMF (E₀) = 7154 (Phase voltage)
= 7154×√3 (for line voltage)
= 12391V 𝑉𝐴 −20 𝑉𝐴
∴ % voltage Regulation =
𝐸0 −𝑉
× 100 + + 15 = 0
20 4
𝑉
12391−6600 2𝑉𝐴 − 40 + 𝑉𝐴 = −15 × 4
= × 100
6600 3𝑉𝐴 = −60 + 40
= 87.8% 𝑉𝐴 =
−20
3
∴ Current across 4𝜋 from B to A
S4. Ans.(a) −𝑉𝐴
𝐸𝐼𝑓 ×100 𝐼⇒
Sol. 𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑅
%𝑥3 (−20)5
Percentage of synchronous reactance is: - ⇒
3×4
5
%𝑋𝑠 =
𝐼𝑓 𝑋𝑠
× 100 𝐼 = from B to A.
3
𝑉
𝑉 𝐼𝑓 ×100
= --------(1)
𝑋𝑠 %𝑋𝑠 S8. Ans.(b) 0.25 S
Maximum power output of alternator is given by: - Sol.
𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑉 𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 cos 𝜙 Given, V = 200V, 𝐼𝐴 = 40 A, 𝐼𝑅 = 30 A
𝐸
= 𝑉𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 , where 𝐸 = rxeitation voltage I = √(𝐼𝐴 )2 + (𝐼𝑅 )² where, 𝐼𝐴 = Active components
√𝐸 2 +𝑉 2
=
𝐸𝑉 = √(40)2 + (30)² 𝐼𝑅 = Reactive components
𝑋𝑠 I = 50 A
From ----(1):- Now, for the admittance value of the circuit,
𝐼𝐹×100 𝐼
= 𝐸( ) Y=
%𝑋𝑠 𝐴
𝐸𝐼𝑓 ×100 50
𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = 8
%𝑋𝑠 200
Y = 0.258
S5. Ans.(c)
Sol. Non – conventional source of energy S9. Ans.(d)
Hydropower Plant Sol. Using generated per day
Hydro power (or Hydroelectric power) is generated by Load duration curve:-
generations driver by turbines that convert potential energy Load curve is obtained when the load elements of a load curve
are arranged in the order of descending magnitudes.
of falling water into mechanical energy.
• It is a curve between load and time.
• If is a renewable energy source.
• The area under daily integrated load duration curve is
• It may not continuous in the summer days.
equal to the units generated per day.
• This is non-conventional energy. As it does not case
environmental pollution.
S10. Ans.(c)
Sol. form factor
S6. Ans.(c)
Form factor:-
Sol. 2nf
• The ratio of rms value to the average value is knows as
Given, ID= 20 mA, τ = 70 ns, VT = 0.7 (for silicon), Cd = ??
from factor.
Diffusion capacitance is given as,

• It identifies the ratio of direct current of equal power • It can be given in ratio of resonant frequency (𝑊ℎ ) to
relative to the given alternating current. quality factor (Q)
𝑊ℎ
i.e., BW = so, option 3 is wrong.
𝑄
S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. 1V
𝑑𝑖 S16. Ans.(a)
Given, L = 20 H, = 50 × 10-3 A/sec.
𝑑𝑡 Sol. -5V
∴ Induced emf is given by:- RT (Total Resistance) = 12 + 5 + 8
𝑑𝑖
e = -L = 25
𝑑𝑡
= -20 × 50 × 10-3
e = 1V
S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. Very low.
Phantom loading test is used to test the wattmeter and energy
meter. It ability of the energy meter.
It uses very less power for testing.
S13. Ans.(b) Using KVL in the circuit: -

1
Sol. tan-1 ( ) 75 − 50 + 12𝐼 + 5𝐼 + 8𝐼 = 0
𝑤𝐶𝑅
For RC series circuit: 25𝐼 = −25
Power factor angle is tan θ =
𝑋𝐶 𝐼 = −1𝐴
𝑅
1
Voltage across 5𝜋 is: -
θ = tan-1 ( ) V = 5 × (−1𝐴)
𝑤𝐶𝑅
= −5V
S14. Ans.(a)
Sol. the force between two current carrying coils. S17. Ans.(d)
Electro dynamometer Instrument: - Sol. The cost of outdoor substance is higher than indoor
Electrodynamometer instrument is an instrument that is substance.
universally used for measurement of AC as well as DC electric Outdoor substation is the substation which installs for high
power. It works on the principle of mechanical force acts voltage requirement outside the building construction.
between two current carrying conductors. → It required plenty of space
• This is also called of transfer – type instrument. → Its construction is not more. Complicated
• It is generally used as a wattmeter but can be also used as → Required less time for erection.
an ammeter or a voltmeter. → Cost is less as compare to indoor substation.
• It has a uniform scale.
S18. Ans.(a)
S15. Ans.(c)
Sol. 1500 rpm
Sol. Bandwidth is the rater of quality factor to the resonant
Given, P = 4, 𝑍 = 200 , ϕ = 20 × 10−3 𝑊𝐺, 𝐼 = 20𝐴, 𝐸𝐺 =
frequency.
200𝑉
RLC parallel circuit: -
Back GMF of the ∆C series motor is given by: -
𝑃Φ𝑁𝐴
𝐸𝑏 =
60𝐴
4×2010×−3 ×200×𝑁
Now, 200 = [∵A (parallel path)=2]
60×2
400×60
𝑁=
4×20×200×10−3
𝑁 = 1500 𝑟𝑝𝑚
• Bandwidth is defined as the size of the frequency range

S19. Ans.(b)
that is passed or rejected by the turned circuit.
Sol. Time independent quantity
• The formula for calculating BW is the same for series and
Demand factor (Df) is the ratio of maximum demand on the
parallel circuits.
power station to its connected load.

𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑
i.e. Df = • It reduces the generated voltage by distorting the main
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
flux and it causes sparking at the brushes.
‘Df’ is usually less than 1 and taken as a time-independent
quantity.
S25. Ans.(c)
S20. Ans.(a) Sol. There are two pressure coils and two the current coils.
Sol. Contingencies 3-phase Dynamometer Wattmeter:-
Contingency is defined as a potential, occurrence of a negative • It consists of two separate wattmeter mounted together
exert in the future, such as actual disaster, fraudent activity, in the same case.
economic recession, etc. • There are two pressure coils (PC) and two current coils
Before taking work in hand, ever the contractor following (CC).
good Management Practices may be unaware of contingency. • The total torque on 3 ϕ wattmeter is the sum of the torque
Therefore contractor phans for various contingencies such as on an individual wattmeter.
insurance for vestment port folios, etc.
S26. Ans.(c)
S21. Ans.(c) Sol.
Sol. Average load divided by the peak load in a particular time • The distribution substation convert the high voltage
period. electricity into a law voltage.
Load factor:-
• They are located near consumer localities
Load factor is defined as the ratio of average load to the
• Distribution sub-stations step down the voltage to 400 V
maximum demand during a given period
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 (L-C)
i.e., Load factor =
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑 • The electric power from 11 kV lines is delivered to
distribution sub-station.
S22. Ans.(a)
Sol. Single value capacitor run motor.
S27. Ans.(c)
Induction furnace
Sol. Running charge
It is an electrical furnace in which the heat is applied by
Overall power generation economies is
induction heating metal.
E = a + b KW + c KWH
• Advantage of this induction furnace is action, energy –
Where, a = annual fixed cost.
efficient and well controlled melting process compared to
b = annual semi fixed cost
others melting process.
c = annual running cost.
• For application such as induction furnace control single
value capacitor run motor is used.
S28. Ans.(c)
S23. Ans.(d) Sol. Brushless DC motor
Sol. As certain the quantities involved accurately Brushless DC motor is a machine working with DC and its
Logical Method of estimating for electrical works:- construction, Similar to AC synchronous machine.
• It is introduced to obtain a complete fill of materials both In this motor, a permanent magnet rotates and current-
accurately and quickly. carrying conductors are fixed.
• Processes does not include the need of accuracy. Its working principle is based on Lorentz force law.
S24. Ans.(a) S29. Ans.(a)

Sol. It increases the generated voltage and sparking at Sol. Either agents or contractors
brushes reduces. A tender is as offer or invitation to lid for a project or to accept
Armature reaction of alternator:- a format offer such as a takeover bid.
• The effect of alternator flux on flux produced by the rotor All tenders received for the 60 mL contract are opened by the
field poles is called armature reaction. competent authority in person at the advertised then & place
• It depends on both load current and power factor. in the presence & either agents or contractors.
• When generator is loaded, the armature carries the
current, the armatures current steps up its own magnetic S30. Ans.(b) – 1.2 sin (6000) amp.
field. Sol. Given C = 5 × 10−6 F
V(t) = 40 cos (6000t) , i(t) = ?

∴ i(t) = C
𝑑𝑣 Given, V = 110 Sin (314 + 45°) V, I = 11 sin (314 t – 45°) A,
𝑑𝑡
𝑑 P = ??
= 5 × 10−6 × [40 cos (6000t)] For Power :-
𝑑𝑡
= –5×10 × 6000 × 40 sin 6000 t
−6
P=
−𝑉0 ×𝐼0
sin 2wt
2
= –1.2 sin 6000 t A −110 11
= × sin (2 × (314)t)
√2 √2
S31. Ans.(d) = -605 sin(628)t

Sol. -Lβ
𝑑𝑖 S36. Ans.(c)
Given, = –β, VP-Q = ??
𝑑𝑡 Sol. 15 A
𝑑𝑖
For inductor:- ∆V = 𝐿 Given, P = 3kW & V = 230 V
𝑑𝑡
VP-Q = L(-β) = 3 × 100
= -Lβ = 3000 W
∴P=V×I
3000 = 230 × I
S32. Ans.(d)
I = 13.043 A
Sol. 500-700 Lux
So, the cable rating suitable for this load needs 15A of current.
Illuminance is defined as the total luminous flux incident flux
per unit area. S.I unit of illuminance if ‘Lux’.
S37. Ans.(a)
In the work space area where detailed work is done the
Sol. It is defined as the ratio of total lumens available after
recommended level is (500-700) lux. absorption to the total lumens emitted by the source of light.
Absorption factor: -
S33. Ans.(a) Earnest money Absorption factor is defined as the ratio of total lumens
Sol. A tender is usually accompanied with an amount called as available after absorption to the total lumens emitted by the
earnest money. source of light.
Earnest money Deposit (EMD) is a bid security/monetary or Its value varies from 0.5 to 1.
financial guarantee to be furnished by a tender along with its
tender. S38. Ans.(a)
Sol. Multivibrators
S34. Ans.(a) 1 × 10-9 s Multivibrators generates square wave output. Multivibrator is
Sol. Given, IDiff = 10 mA, τ = 3 ms, VT = 0.3 (For Ge), Cd = ?? of 3 types:-
Capacitance diffusion is given by:- i. Astable Multivibrator
𝐼𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓 × 𝜏 ii. Bistable Multivibrator
Cd =
𝜂𝑉𝑇 iii. Monostable Multivibrator
10 × 10−3 × 30 × 10−3
=
0.3
Cd = 1 × 10-9 s S39. Ans.(a)
Sol. Line support used in transmission and distribution lines:-
• It plays on important role in power transmission.
• Maintains the specified ground clearance.
• It should have high mechanical strength.
• It should have longer life & cheap in cost.
• It should be light in weight without the loss of mechanical
strength.
S40. Ans.(b)
Sol. 2A
S35. Ans.(c)
Sol. P = -605 Sin 628t
Applying KVL in loop abed : -
–170 + 25 L + 10 (L + 5L) = 0

170 – 25 L – 10I – 50L = 0 Sol. Angle reflectors are used to provide illumination in a
170 – 85 L = 0 vertical plane, where reflectors used are of the concentrating
L=
170
= 2A type.
85
S47. Ans.(b)
S41. Ans.(b)
Sol. Its current carrying capacity
Sol. Thumb
Feeders are the conductors which have a large current
Fleming’s right-hand rule:
carrying capacity. They connect the substation to the area
This rule gives the direction of the flow of current. where power is to be finally distributed to the consumers.
Thumb gives:- direction of the motion of conductor Feeder current always remains constant.
Index finger shows:- Direction of magnetic field
Middle finger shows:- direction of current. S48. Ans.(d)
Sol. Leakage Current
S42. Ans.(b) Earthing is required to protect against electrical shock. It is
Sol. a, c and d are correct. required to protect apparatus, equipment, machines etc from
Reluctance motor:- the leakage of current.
• Reluctance motor’s rotor needs no-exultation, it is a self-
starting matching and it rotates with, constant speed. S49. Ans.(c)
• It connect accelerate high-inertia loads to synchronous Sol. 200 Hz
speed. For 1 complete cycle on CRO: -
• Are cheaper than any other kind of synchronies motors. It Time period of the sinusoidal: -
an deliver very high-power density at a low cost. T = 5 × 1 ms
• It has poor efficiency and torque. = 5 ms
1
• Also, they have low power factor. ∴ Frequency =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑
1
=
5×10−3
F = 200 Hz
S43. Ans.(d)
Sol. 1.21
S50. Ans.(c)
Ripple factor is defined as the ratio between the RMS value of
Sol. The stator weight is less compared to rotor weight.
the ac voltage and the dc voltage of the rectifier.
Advantages of stationary armature in an alternator: -
For half – wave rectifier:
• By reducing the number of slip rings on the rotor. If needs
2 𝐼2
√𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑑𝑐 only 2 slip rings on the DC side.
r=
𝐼𝑑𝑐 • Weight of states is more compared to the rotor weight.
2
√( 𝐼0 ) −(𝐼0 )² 𝐼0 • It is easy to insulate slip rings which are on DC.
∵ 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
=
√2 𝜋
[ √1
] • Sparking at brushes are completely avoided.
𝐼0 𝐼0
𝜋 𝐼𝑑𝑐 =
𝜋
S51. Ans.(b)
r = 1.21
Sol. Ampere – turn/weber
Reluctance: -
S44. Ans.(c)
Reluctance is the property of a magnetic circuit opposing the
Sol. A solenoid bent in circular shape and ends are joined.
passage of magnetic flux lines, equal to the ratio of the
A toroid is a solenoid coil bent in circular shape and ends are
magnetomotive force to the magnetic flux.
joined. It is coil of insulated or enameled wire wound or a d-
MMF = Reluctance × Flux
shaped from made of powdered iron.
S.I. unit of Reluctance is Ampere – turns per weber
(AT/weber) (or) (𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑦)−1 .
S45. Ans.(c)
Sol. 33 KV to 66 KV S52. Ans.(d)
Type of cable Voltage level (KV) Sol. 5. 8Ω
Low tension (L.T) Cable (0 - 1) KV Given, Ra = 0.5Ω, field current = 40A
High tension (H.T) (1 – 11) KV ISC = 200A, VOC = 1160V, ZS = 22
Super tension (S.T.) (11 – 33) KV Synchronous Impedance is given as,
Extra high – tension (E.H.T) (33 –66) KV 𝑉
ZS = 𝑂𝐶
Extra Super – tension (E.S.T) 66KV and above 𝐼𝑆𝐶
1160
= = 5.8Ω
200
S46. Ans.(a)
S53. Ans.(a)

Sol. 1 wb = 108 lines of force Sol. Tf and Tb are numerically equal and opposite directed.
Magnetic flux is no of the magnetic lines of force present per At starting both the flux components are exactly opposite to
unit surface. Also known as magnetic field line density or each other and are equal in magnitude. Tf and Tb are
magnetic flux density 81 unit of magnetic flux is weber (we) numerically equal and opposite directed. Forward and
1wb = 108 lines of force.
backward torque are equal and opposite.
S54. Ans.(c)
Sol. S58. Ans.(b)
Sol. 0 Watts
The active power is the amount of total electric power in AC
circuit which actually consumed or utilized.
Give, L = 0.2H
C = 60μF
R=0
KVL at loop 1:- So, given circuit is considered to be ideal tank circuit, so no
-36 + 3I₁ + 12(I₁ - I₂) = 0 power will be dissipated.
-36 + 3I + 12I₁ - 12I₂ = 0 i.e. P = 0 watts.
-36 + 15I₁ - 12I₂ = 0
3(5I₁ - 4I₂) = 36 S59. Ans.(a)
5I₁ - 4I₂ = 12 …(i) Sol. 1, 20, 0, 1
KVL at loop 2:-
Given, Z = 20Ω
-24 + 4I₂ + 12(I₂ - I₁) = 0
1 𝑍
4I₂ + 12I₂ - 12I₁ = 24 From ABCD parameter:- [ ]
0 1
16I₂ - 12I₁ = 24 1 20
4I₂ - 3I₁ = 6 ⇒[ ]
0 1
3I₁ - 4I₂ = -6 …(ii) ∴ A = 1, B = 20, C = 0, D = 1
From (i) & (2):-
5I₁ - 4I₂ = 12 S60. Ans.(a)
-3I₁ ∓ 4I₂ = ∓6
Sol. Moving system, Braking system
2I₁ = 18
Energy meter:
I₁ = 9A & I₂ = 8.25A
Now, current across 12Ω resistor is It is as electrical device that measure the electrical power
I₁ – I₂ = 9 – 8.25 being consumed in a kilowatt hour. Also known as kilowatt –
= 0.75 A hour meter (or) Induction type watt hour meter.
It consist of driving system, moving system, registering
S55. Ans.(d) system and braking system.
Sol. 250 J
Energy stored in capacitor is given by:-
1
S61. Ans.(a)
𝐸 = 𝐶𝑉 2 Sol. Silicon dioxide
2
1
= × (20) × (5)2 [from circuit] • E-MOSFET is enhancement metal oxide silicon field effect
2
𝐸 = 250 J transistor
• The layer of the substrate is coated with a layer of silicon
S56. Ans.(c) dioxide for insulation.
Sol. Positive and 0
Two Wattmeter Method:-
S62. Ans.(b)
It two voltage measurements referenced to the same phase
(line) and the two currents flowing into that phase. Sol. 20 KV to 100KV
Power factor is given by,
𝑤1 − 𝑤2
P.f = cos ϕ = cos [tan−1 √3 ( )]
𝑤1 + 𝑤2
At 0.5 power factor lagging, w₁ reads the positive value and
w₂ reads the zero value.
S57. Ans.(c) S63. Ans.(d)

Sol. The total voltage across the terminals is equal to the • Core loses are comparatively less in shell type.
difference between the voltage across the capacitor and • Maintenance is difficult.
voltage across inductor. • More amount of insulating material is required.
Series LC circuits:- • This transformer is also called sandwich transformer.
• LC circuits is also known as a tuned circuit, resonant
circuit, a tank circuit. S69. Ans.(d)
• It consumes some energy because of the non-zero Sol. a, b and c are correct
resistance of the components as connecting wire. Hysteresis motor: -
• The total voltage across the terminals is equal to the It is a single phase – synchronous motor whose operating
voltage across the capacitor and voltage across inductor principle is based on the effect of magnetic hysteresis.
must be zero • Its hysteresis torque remains practically constant from
i.e, VC + VL = 0 locked rotor (12) to synchronous speed.
• Hysteresis motor is able to accelerate at any load, no
S64. Ans.(a) matter how large the inertia of load is.
Sol. 2.5A
• The motor operates quietly and does not suffer from
For the Norton’s equivalent:-
magnetic pulsations, due to the small rotor present in it.
Remove load resistor 14Ω to find IN
• Not subjected to mechanical vibration due to absence of
Between A & B in the circuit
teeth and winding in the rotor.
Now, R = 4Ω & V = 10V
10
∴ IN = = 2.5A
4 S70. Ans.(b)
Sol. Primary
S65. Ans.(a) ‘Sun’ is the primary source of energy. This energy is produced
Sol. N-type, P-type by helium in which hydrogen is compressed and fused
For N-channel JFET: together.
The channel is N-type because of its major portion made of n-
type semiconductors. S71. Ans.(d)
And gates arc of P-type. Sol. The colour temperature of fluorescent lamps is lower
than that of incandescent lamps.
S66. Ans.(b) Film Lighting:-
Sol. Both hysteresis loss and eddy current loss varies. The process of controlling the nature and artificial light that
Hysteresis loss is the energy loss that occurs in a transformer
appears in a source is known as film lighting.
due to magnetization saturation in the core of the
The fluorescent lamps required a lot of power and do get very
transformer.
hot, but they gives higher colour temperature than
Eddy loss is current loops formed over conductor surfaces
incandescent tungsten bulb.
because of the changing magnetic flux.
Both hysteresis current loss and eddy current loss varies.
S72. Ans.(d)
Sol. 3.535
S67. Ans.(d)
Given, = 4𝜋, 𝐿 = 4𝑚𝐻, 𝐶 = 20𝜇𝑓, 𝑄 =? ?
Sol. either polar or rectangular form
For given 𝑅𝐿𝐶 network, resonant frequency (𝑊0 ) is: -
A signal that has the form of sine or cosine function if celled 1
sinusoidal signal. Sinusoidal quantity can be expressed as 𝑊0 =
√𝐿𝐶
either polar or rectangular form. =
1
√4×10−3 ×20×10−6
= 3535 Hz
S68. Ans.(c)
Bandwidth for RLC network: -
Sol. Only (iii) 𝑅 4
Shell type transformer: - BW = =
𝐿 4×10−3
• It has two yokes and three limes. This type of transformer = 1000
provides a shorter magnetic path when compared to the For, Q (Q-factor)=
𝑊0
𝐵
core type. 3535
=
• In this leakage, flux and magnetizing current are lesser 1000
than in the core type, = 3.535

• It has more power transfer capability.
S73. Ans.(d)

Sol. –240 × 10−19 J and 240 × 10−19 J = (D × V) × 9.8 × 200
Given, Potential at A & B is: - = 997 × 5 × 10⁶ × 9.8 × 200
∆𝑉 = [60 − (−90)] = 2.71 × 10⁶ kwh
= 60 + 90 Now, Total output energy (E’) = P, E × Overall efficiency
= 150 (E’) = 2.71 × 10⁶ × Overall efficiency
2.044 × 106
Now, work done: - Overall efficiency =
2.71 × 106
W = q ∆𝑉 = 75%
= –1.6 × 10−19 × 150
W = –240 × 10−19 J S79. Ans.(c)
[∵ 𝑞 = 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝑓𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = −1.6 × 10−19 𝑐] Sol. Diamagnetic material has always a negative value of
& Electrostatic potential energy is:– U = 240 × 10−19 J magnetic susceptibility.
Diamagnetic materials are the magnetic materials that align
S74. Ans.(b) against the magnetic field.
Sol. 6H the magnetic susceptibility of a diamagnetic material is less
Given, L₁ = 2H, L₂ = 6H, M = 1H than zero.
∴ Leq = L₁ + L₂ - 2M
= 2 + 6 – (2 × 1) S80. Ans.(d)
= 6H Sol. While designing a distributor, voltage drop is not
considered.
S75. Ans.(b) Distributor: -
Sol. 25V • Designing of distributor is done by considering voltage
Given, f₁ = 400 Hz V₁ = 200 regulation. The distribution are the conductors from
f₂ = 50 Hz V₂ = ?? which numbers of tapping are taken out for providing
In transformer, power to the consumers.
𝑉1 𝑉2 • Voltage drop is main consideration for designing.
=
𝑓1 𝑓2 • Service mains connect consumers to distributor directly.
200 𝑉
⇒ = 2
400 50
⇒ V₂ = 25V S81. Ans.(c)
Sol. 1A
S76. Ans.(b) For circuit 1 & circuit 2
Sol. Parallel only V₁ = 14 V V₂ = 14V
I₁ = 1A I₂ = ??
The magnetization branch of an equivalent circuit of a
Using reciprocity theorem,
transformer is drawn in parallel only with supply voltage. 𝑉1 𝑉2
=
𝐼1 𝐼2
S77. Ans.(c) 14
=
14
1 𝐼2
Sol. Maintain balanced 3-phase voltage under unbalanced
𝐼2 = 1𝐴
condition.
Damper winding in synchronous generator:-
S82. Ans.(c)
• It prevents hunting (damped out oscillation)
Sol. Sumpner’s test: -
• Under normal running conditions, damper winding does
• Efficiency of a large transformer under full load condition
not carry any current.
is fond by conducting sumpner’s test.
• Damper windings are used in synchronous generator to
• This test is used on transformer to determine
maintain balanced 3-phase voltage under unbalanced
temperature, rise, voltage regulation and efficiency.
conditions.
• It is also reason as Back to Back test or Heat run test.
S78. Ans.(d) S83. Ans.(c)

Sol. 75% Sol. High pressure and high temperature
Given, Reservoir capacity (V) = 5 × 10⁶ M³ When the pressure of the boiler increased then, more heat is
Water heat (h) = 200 M required to make steam. And because of higher pressure
Density (D) = 997 kg/M³ steam generated at higher temperature.
Total energy (E’) = 2.044 × 10⁶ kwh, efficiency = ??
∵ Potential energy (E) = Mgh S84. Ans.(b)

Sol. 20 A Sol. Absolute permeability
Given, P = 4400 watt Lifting power of a magnet is inversely proportional to
R = 11Ω absolute permeability. It is given as,
∴ P = I²R 𝐵2 𝑠
F= , where
2𝜇
4400 = (I)² × 11
B = magnetic flux density
I = 20A
𝜇 = Permeability of medium
S85. Ans.(c)
S91. Ans.(c)
Sol. Linear Networks
Sol. Pink
According to Norton’s theorem, any linear network
The phosphor material containing cadmium borate used in
containing several energy sources and resistance can be fluorescent Lamps gives there colour:-
replaced by a circuit consisting of a single current source and Phosphor Material Colour effect
in parallel with resistance. Cadmium borate Pink
Magnesium tungsten Bluish White
S86. Ans.(d) Zine silicate Green
Sol. 1500C Zine Beryllium Silicate Yellowish White
Given, I = 5A, t = 5min
= 5 × 60 = 300 sec S92. Ans.(d)
Total charge is given by:- Sol. Crude petroleum
Q=I×t The insulating oil used in transformer is obtained by
= 5× 300 fractional distillation of crude petroleum. This insulating oil is
= 1500 C also known as transformer oil.
Transformer oil works in 2 ways:-
S87. Ans.(a) i. It is insulation is electrical power.
Sol. 0.69 ii. It dissipates the heat of the transformer means acts as a
Given, total flux = 1000, V = 230 V, I = 0.5 A coolant.
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑥
MSCP (Mean spherical candle power) =
4𝜋
1000 S93. Ans.(d)
= = 79.577 Sol. Unipolar
4𝜋
𝑀𝑆𝐶𝑃
Now, MSCP per watt = JFET is a unipolar device. It acts as a voltage controlled
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 × 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡
79.577 current device. It is a three terminal device.
= Junction field effect transistor (JFET) is a FET in which Gate(G)
230 × 0.5
= 0.69 is created by reverse – biased junction.
S88. Ans.(b)
Sol. 2A and 0V
𝑅𝑇 = 2 + 3
= 5𝜋
𝑉 10
∴𝐼= = = 2𝐴
𝑅 5
As we know that resistance of the ideal ammeter is zero.
Therefore, in given circuit the voltammeter connected across S94. Ans.(d)
the ammeter given zero (0) voltage drop. Sol. 19
Given, E(illuminance) = 300 lux
S89. Ans.(a) ϕ (lump cross flux) = 5000 lumens
Sol. 10 A current source and a 2 S conductance A(area) = 20m× 10m
Duality of element = 200 m²
Element Duality (UF) Utilisation factor = 0.7
Resistance conductance (MF) Maintenance factor = 0.9, N = 33
Illuminance is given as,
Inductance Capacitance 𝑁𝜙×𝑀𝐹×𝑈𝐹
Voltage source Current source E=
𝐴
Mesh Node 300 =
𝑁×5000×0.7×0.9
200
Series branch Parallel branch N = 19

Sol. Drawing of excess current Sol. Steady state short-circuit conditions and stability are not
The tripping of circuit due to earthing in case of faults saves affected by the voltage regulation.
wastage of electricity energy due to daring of excess current. Voltage Regulation of Alternator:-
Grounding is done to protect the circuit from short circuits • VR or an alternator depends upon the power factor of the
load.
and surges.
• Parallel operation of one alternator, with other
Poor grounding leads to the unstable working of devices and
alternators, is affected considerably by its voltage
high fluctuations in lighting. regulation.
‘Earth leakage trip’ means that an earth leakage current has • Voltage regulation determines the type of automatic
been detected. voltage-control equipment to be used.
• Steady state short-circuit conditions and stability are
S96. Ans.(b) affected by the voltage regulation.
22 Percentage of voltage regulation:-
Sol. V
3 |𝐸𝑎 |−|𝑉|
|𝑉|
× 100%
S99. Ans.(c)
Sol. The reluctance causes the waste of energy.
Reluctance:-
• Reluctance does not dissipate energy, it stores magnetic
By applying KCL at node A: - energy.
𝑉𝐴 −12 𝑉𝐴 • It depends on the material used in it.
+ –4=0
11 1 • Flux in magnetic circuits is analogous to the current in
𝑉𝐴 – 12 + 11 𝑉𝐴 = 4 × 11 electric circuits.
12𝑉𝐴 = 44 + 12 • Reluctance is magnetic circuits is analogous to the
𝑉𝐴 =
56
=
14 resistance in electric circuit.
12 3
Voltage across 11Ω is : -
S100. Ans.(d)
V = 12 - 𝑉𝐴
Sol. Variation of load
14
= 12 – • Load curve is the curve showing the variation of load on
3
22 the power station with respect to time.
= V
3
• It is generally used to determine the annual load factor
• The area under the load curve gives the number of emits
S97. Ans.(a) generated or energy consumed.
5
Sol. √ A
18
Given, V = 20V, 𝑋𝑅 = 120 Ω, 𝑋𝐶 = 40Ω, 𝑋𝐿 = 0

Magnitude of current in circuit is
I = √𝐼𝑅2 + (𝐼𝐿 − 𝐼𝐶 )²
𝑉 20 1
𝐼𝑅 = = =
𝑋𝑅 120 6
1 2 1
= √( ) + ( ) ² 𝐼𝐶 =
𝑉
=
20
=
1
6 2 𝑋𝐶 40 2
[ 𝐼𝐿 = 0 ]
1 1
=√ +
36 4
10 5
I=√ =√ A
30 18
S98. Ans.(d)

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