CHA3UE UNIT 3

Unit 3 – TAKEAWAY sheets – Activity 1-3

Answer the following questions as you progress through the activities in the content

Activity 1: Regional Differences Between the North & South in the mid-1800s
• On the eve of the Civil War America was a deeply _____________________ nation.

• The ____________________ based economy of the ______________

• the _________________________________ based economy of the ______________

• T/F - More Americans lost their lives in the Civil War than in any other conflict in the nation's
history.

Reading #1: Two Diverging Economies under One Nation

• If one region's ___________________ needs threaten another region's needs, _______________
________________________ can arise.
• Why was the south dependent on slavery? _________________________________________

• The profitability of cotton, known as ____________________

• T/F – Labour was also needed in the North.

• T/F – Slavery was illegal in the North.

• The ___________________________ was the dividing point between the North and South USA.

• T/F - workers below the Mason Dixon Line had to be paid.

• The expanding factory system held great promise for many. Give 4.

• Research and define the terms Infrastructure and Tariffs

• In the north, infrastructure could only be built with tax money raised largely through
____________.

• T/F -The Plantation and factory systems resembled each other in their attempt at mass
production.
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Reading #2 Causes of the Civil War

• The prime and immediate cause of the Civil war was _________________.

• T/F - All northerners actively opposed slavery.

• A. Economic and Social Factors

▪ What 3 points of view drove the North and South further apart?

▪ The election of _________________________ as president was key point in the start of the
civil war

▪ T/F – Cotton was the main export of the USA in 1860.

▪ T/F – Slaves built the railroads in the North.

▪ T/F - Almost all manufactured goods had to be imported to the South.

▪ T/ F - High tariffs protect products in the North from cheap foreign competition.

▪ T/F – Since before the Civil War, personal and corporate income taxes allowed for the
North to generate revenue.

• B. Political Factors
▪ T/F - In the early days of the United States, loyalty to one's state often was more important
than loyalty to one's country.

▪ What does seceding mean?

• Reviewing Key Points

o The North needed a strong ________________________ government to
▪ build a national infrastructure of __________________________
▪ protect its complex __________________________ interests
▪ control the ___________________________
o Southerners feared that a strong central government might attempt to diminish or
dismantle _________________

• Complete the chart below to help confirm your learning

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KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH PRIOR TO THE CIVIL WAR

The North The South

Geography The North consisted of the following
states: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode
Island, New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana,
Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota
The South consisted of the following states:
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi,
Louisiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas,
Missouri, Texas, Delaware

Views on The northern states wanted to keep the A large part of the relatively new USA (the
Union country _________________ and South) wanted to ___________________
maintain the ________________ _______________________

Economic The northern states, including their The southern states, including their societies
Character societies and economies were based on and economies, were based on _________
________________ and the growth of ______________ and _______________
____________________________.

Position Expanding factory system ________ The profitability of _____________ meant

on Slavery __________________ and did not the South was ________________ on the
require _______________. ________________system and its most
essential component, ____________

• Overall, be able to answer the following

1. List the types of economic activities that occurred in both the North and South.
2. a) Describe the different labour forces employed in the North and the South. b) For each,
explain how the way in which labourers were used benefited each region.
3. How did both the North and the South view one another's economic practices? Explain why
and support with examples.
4. Why did the question of westward expansion in America result in the North and the South
increasingly opposing one another?
5. Explain why Northern interests were more inclined to support the idea of a strong central or
federal government, whereas Southerners tended more to oppose increased central power
by the federal government over regional interests.

Activity 2: Prelude to War - Part 1: The Missouri Compromise

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▪ A key difference that existed between the North and the South was their attitude towards
________________

▪ The North consisted of " ___________________"

▪ T/F - Slavery had been abolished in the North.

▪ The South were called " _____________________ " and bitterly resisted any attempt to rid the
nation of slavery.

▪ In the 1850's there were exactly _________________ states in America

▪ T/F – There were the exact same number of states in the North and the South.

▪ As America expanded west the federal government attempted to keep the peace by trying to
achieve a numerical balance between slave and free states within the Union. The _____________
__________________ was one such attempt.

▪ Familiarize yourself with the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and how it affected America. Use the
links in U2A2 content to help answer the following questions:
1. Identify four key components of the Missouri Compromise?
2. What signs were present that the Missouri Compromise could not provide a permanent
solution to the issue of balancing power between free and slave states?
3. What view would Canada likely adopt in relation to the Missouri Compromise?

▪ In 1820 the North and South came to a ___________________, about having a balance of
free states and slave states within the Union

▪ The Missouri Compromise set an invisible line through the _________________________ at

__________________ latitude.

▪ States north of the line admitted to the Union were to be _____________________

▪ T/F - Slavery was legal in Missouri in 1820.

Activity 3: Prelude to War - Part 2: Escalating Divisiveness in the 1850s

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▪ List the EIGHT events that escalated regional divisiveness in the decade preceding the Civil War
that further fueled the North-South split:

Slavery: The Root of Divisiveness

▪ T/F – Slavery was a new thing in America.

▪ T/F - The American Revolution had been fought largely to defend the idea that all men were
created equal.

▪ T/F - The invention of the cotton gin and slave labor made the cultivation of cotton profitable.

▪ T/F – For Southerners, slavery was as a question of human rights.

Reading#1 - Causes of the Civil War

▪ T/F - The spread of slavery solved by the Missouri Compromise of 1820.

▪ The Fugitive Slave Act stipulated any slave who escaped to another state or into federal territory
would be ______________________________________________________________

▪ T/F – The Fugitive Slave act started the operation of the Underground Railroad.

▪ What is the Underground Railroad?

▪ Why was an area in Kansas nicknamed bleeding Kansas?

▪ Why were elections in Nebraska and Kansas so important?

▪ Who said "We are playing for a mighty stake. If we win, we carry slavery to the Pacific Ocean.”?
________________________________________

▪ T/F - Missouri Senator David Atchison was against slavery.

▪ The ____________________________________ repealed the Missouri Compromise.

▪ An ____________________________ began in the North in reaction to the South's fierce defence

of slavery.

▪ T/F - Abolitionists opposed the Fugitive Slave Act.

▪ What famous book introduced anti-slavery ideas to an increasing number of Americans?
_________________________
▪ Who wrote this book? ______________________________

▪ T/F - Many southern states banned the sale of Uncle Tom's Cabin, arguing it was biased and
misrepresented the truth.
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▪ Who is the basis for the popular anti-slavery book by Harriet Beecher Stowe? _______________

▪ T/F - Josiah Henson was one of "conductors" on the "Underground Railroad."

▪ Who was Dred Scott and why was his case so important?

▪ T/F - John Brown was against slavery.

▪ T/F - John Brown was viewed as a hero by people in the north.

▪ T/F – Abraham Lincoln led the Republican Party and won much of the southern states.

▪ T/F - Lincoln's election was a mirror image of the deep sectional divisions that existed in the
USA.

▪ What states seceded from the Union after the election?

▪ The states that seceded would later form the ____________________________ of America.

▪ T/F – All pro-slavery supporters lived in the south.

 What are the 10 Causes of the American Civil War?

▪ Do your best to find out what these are. Link on content doesn’t work, so another
sheet/exercise will be added later.