LAW ON OBLIGATIONS Art. 1159.

Obligations arising from contracts

have the force of law between the contracting
Art. 1156. An obligation is a juridical necessity parties and should be complied with in good
to give, to do, or not to do. faith.

KINDS OF OBLIGATIONS AS TO BASIS AND 3. QUASI-CONTRACTS

ENFORCEABILITY (Art. 1423) 4. DELICT
5. QUASI-DELICTS
 Civil Obligations – give a right of
action to compel their performance.
 Natural Obligations – do not grant a
right of action to enforce their
performance, but after voluntary
fulfillment by the obligor, they
authorize the retention of what has
been delivered or rendered by reason
thereof.

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF AN OBLIGATION

 Active subject (creditor/obligee) –

the one who can demand the
performance of the obligation.
 Passive subject (debtor/obligor) – the
person who is required to perform
the obligation.
 Prestation – subject matter of the
obligation.
 Juridical Tie/Vinculum Juris/Efficient
Cause – the reason why the obligation
exists.

SOURCES OF OBLIGATIONS:

1. LAW

Art. 1158. Obligations derived from law are

not presumed. Only those expressly
determined in this Code or in special laws are
demandable, and shall be regulated by the
precepts of the law which establishes them;
and as to what has not been foreseen, by the
provisions of [Civil Code].

Examples of Obligations arising from

Law:

 Duty of support
 Duty to pay taxes

2. CONTRACTS