CAUGHT IN BETWEEN: MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART In everyday language, the terms “modern” and “contemporary” are often used interchangeably. In the context of art, however, they designate two distinct moments in art history. There are specific definitions for both terms, and these definitions will help us to establish an understanding of the images and themes that emerge in both styles of art. MODERN ART > Modern artis a term that signifies the philosophy and style of the artworks produced during the 1860-1970 era, yv This art broke with convention, dealt with new subject matter, focused on conceptual concerns, and changed the position of the artist within society. > The main objective of Modem art was to set aside the traditions of the past and put more emphasis on experimentation with a new perspective of seeing the world. > Many styles of art developed during the modern period, including impressionism, fauvism, cubism, expressionism, surrealism, pop art, op art, art nouveau, and art deco. > The Modernism movement introduced many fresh concepts in the world of art. All of a sudden many artists started exploring dreams, symbolism, and personal iconography as their signature. Modern artists also experimented with the expressive use of color, non-traditional materials and mediums. Contemporary Art > Simple and straightforward > The term “contemporary art” is generally regarded as referring to work made between 1970 and the present. Contemporary Art 1. The 1970s saw the emergence of "postmodernism". The affix was a clue that whatever followed was segregated from its precursor. 2. The 1970s saw the decline of the clearer identified artistic movement. Ticmmensosineiecornn EY studocu Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexsemperado20@gmalcom)Contemporary Art > Italso implies art that is made by living artists, but essentially contemporary art is seen as something that has never been done before > \temphasizes a rejection of the commercialization of the art world, but it is often connected to the contemporary consumer-driven society. Contemporary Art > The Contemporary Art era is known to produce more experimental works and tackles a wider variety of social, economic and political issues. It made art as a whole to reflect the current issues that hound our world today, such as racism, globalization, third-world country oppression, feminism among many others. + Modem and contemporary art build on existing subject matter, themes that artists have incorporated into their work for ages. However, changes in the world, new developments in art technologies, a revised conception of art materials, and an expanding view of the definition of “art” have changed the images artists create and the art forms artists choose to use CONTEMPORARY ARTS CONTEMPORARY ARTS Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexaemperado20@gmalcom)MODERN ARTS MODERN ARTS: SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART > Modem art refers to the period that began in the 1880s and that lasted until the 1960s. > Artists like Van Gogh and Manet are credited with revolutionizing the art in the 1880s and giving a new realm to it. > They emphasized on the subjective representation of subjects rather than focusing on realism that was prevalent before the 1880s. SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART > Modern art focused on surrealism rather than depicted life as perceived by the church or the influential in society. > Itlasted for an entire century. SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART ‘iedoameriamabioiestereeeon Ey studocu Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexsemperadc20@gmalcom)> Contemporary art can be said to be the art that was developed after the 1960s and is still emerging. Contemporary art is one created by artists who are still living. The late 1900s saw major social, political, and cultural reformations across the world which had greatly influenced this art form. v v Every topic of relevant significance like globalization, global warming, human rights, environmental destruction were reflected in the contemporary arts. > tis the art of today. it is defined by the artist's ability to innovate and bring out a modern masterpiece SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART. > There was no rigid form in contemporary art, but some rigid forms could be seen in modern art > Contemporary art has some social impact. Moreover, contemporary artists had significant freedom and liberty to experiment with all styles. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM > Broad movement in American painting that began in the late 1940s and became a dominant trend in Western painting during the 1950s. The most prominent American Abstract Expressionist painters were Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Franz Kline, and Mark Rothko. > Itis the term applied to new forms of abstract art. TWO MAJOR STYLE FROM ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM ACTION PAINTING » Jackson Pollock and Willem De Kooning who focused on an intensely expressive style of gestural painting v It used a style that involved streaks and overlapping lines of paint which implied movement in the artwork. COLOUR-FIELD PAINTING Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman and Clyfford Still, who were concerned with reflection and mood. > It focused on color and contrast. Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexaemperade20@gmallcom)Action painting Action painting Colour-field paintings OPTICAL ART > isa form of abstract art (specifically non-objective art) which relies on optical. illusions in order to foo! the eye of the viewer. > tis also called optical art or retinal art. > Itrelates to geometric designs that create feelings of movement or vibration. KINETIC ART > is art from any medium that contains movement perceivable by the viewer or depends on motion for its effect > kinetic art is a term that today most often refers to three-dimensional sculptures and figures such as mobiles that move naturally or are machine operated > early 1950’s onward ‘iedoameriamabioiestereeeon Ey studocu Downloaded by Alexandra Jane I, Emperado (alexaemperado20@gmai.com)MINIMALISM > also sometimes referred to as ABC art, Cool art, Literalist art, Object art, and Primary Structure art > emerging in a coherent form in New York during the 1960s MINIMALISM > itwas a major movement of post modernist art, specifically a style of abstract painting or sculpture characterized by extreme simplicity of form: in effect a type of visual art reduced to the essentials of geometric abstraction. POP ART > distinctive genre of art that first “popped” up in post-war Britain and America > the pieces produced by Pop artists in the 1950s and 1960s commented on ntemporani nd event POP ART > itis popular (designed for a mass audience), transient (short-term solution), expandable (easily forgotten), low cost, mass produced, young (aimed at youth), witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous, big business. POST MODERNISM > the most pertinent movement that solidified the move to contemporary arts > associated with scepticism, irony and philosophical critiques of the concepts of universal truths and objective reality. > itembraces many different approaches to art making, and may be said to begin with pop art in the 1960s and to embrace much of what followed including conceptual art, neo-expressionism, feminist art, and the Young British Artists of the 1990s. POST MODERNISM > There are several characteristics which lend art to being postmodern; these include bricolage, the use of text prominently as the central artistic element, collage, simplification, appropriation, performance art, the recycling of past styles and themes in a modern-day context, as well as the break-up of the barrier between fine and high arts and low art and popular culture. Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexaemperade20@gmai.com)OTHER CONTEMPORARY ART MOVEMENT NEO-POP ART > During the 1980s there was a revival of interest in Pop Art - a phenomenon known as Neo-Pop (or "Shock Pop-Art" > Is. postmodem art movement of the 1980s. The term refers to artists influenced by pop art and pop culture imagery. But remember not to overload your slides_ with content, NEO-POP ART Neo-Pop Art is more of a repetition. Thus Neo-Pop artists continue to employ “readymades" and pre-existing items in their works and also rely heavily on celebrity icons like Michael Jackson, Madonna, Britney Spears, Paris Hilton, and so on The leading exponent of Neo-Pop is Jeff Koons ‘The leading exponent of Neo-Pop is Jeff Koons List of Neo-Pop Art Works List of Neo-Pop Art Works. List of Neo-Pop Art Works > Keith Haring » David Wojnarowicz Ticmmensosinerecornn EY studocu Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexsemperadc20@gmai.com)List of Neo-Pop Art Works List of Neo-Pop Art Works > Youmasa Morin > Mathew Bamey List of Neo-Pop Art Works List of Neo-Pop Art Works > Dania Edwards PHOTOREALISM > The term “photorealism", “photo-realism" or “photographic realism", describes a style of highly detailed 20th century realist painting in which the artist attempts to replicate an image from a photograph in all its microscopic exactness. As a movement, photorealism, sometimes also referred to as re rH rrealism. > Most photorealist painters work directly from photographs or digital computer images - either by using traditional grid techniques, or by projecting colour slide imagery onto the canvas. > The aim is to recreate the same sharpness of detail throughout the painting. Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexaemperade20@gmalcom)Two of the known photorealist artists are: Two of the known photorealist artists are: > Chuck Close > Chuck Close + rao so seeclaeie + (e104 ao seectesn SSremonebars Q Shessoncssees 7 Two of the known photorealist artists are: > Gerard Reber + Cumann 192 CONCEPTUALISM > Modem form of contemporary art which gives priority to an idea presented by visual means that are themselves secondary to the idea. > Conceptual art, while having no intrinsic financial value, can deliver a powerful message, and thus has served as a vehicle for socio-political comment, as well as a broad challenge to the tradition of a ‘work of art’ being a_ crafted unique object. > The ideas behind this form of visual art were explored by Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968), the so-called father of Conceptual Art, although the term was first used by Edward Kienholz (1927-94), in the late 1950s. > Conceptual Artis all about “ideas and meanings" rather than "works of art" (paintings, sculptures, other precious objects). Some of the major conceptual artists are: > Jenny Holzer > Damien Hirst > Ai Wei Wei ‘iedoameriamabioiestereeeon Ey studocu Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexsemperadc20@gmai.com)PEFORMANCE ART v Artworks that are created through actions performed by the artist or other participants, which may be live or recorded, spontaneous or scripted. Related to conceptual art > Began in 1960s, and instead of being concerned with entertaining its audience, the HEART of the artwork is its IDEA or MESSAGE. v Well known artists: Marina Abramovic Born on November 30, 1946 Serbian performance artist, writer, and art flm maker known for her vanguard performance pieces that use her body both as subject and vehicle > became known for staging a work of performance art, called “Rhythm 0” © Marina Abramovic, 2002/2005/2010 Nude with Skeleton > > Yoko Ono > Yoko Ono Lennon > bom February 18, 1933, Tokyo, Japan > Japanese artist and musician who was an influential practitioner of conceptual and performance art in the 1960s. > known for her avant-garde and expressive oeuvres co Yoko Ono,1964, Cut Piece Beuys » German-born artist active in Europe and the United States from the 1950s through the early 1980s. » associated with that era's international, Conceptual art and Fluxus movements. > German avant-garde sculptor and performance artist whose works, characterized by unorthodox materials and ritualistic activity, stirred much controversy. © Beuys, 1965 How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare © Beuys, 1971 Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexaemperado20@gmalcom)Feet Washing INSTALLATION ART > relatively new genre of contemporary art - practiced by an increasing number of postmodernist-artist - which involves the configuration or “installation” of objects in a space, such as a room or warehouse. The resulting arrangement of material and space comprises the “artwork”. Kind of an immersive work where the environment or the space in which the viewer steps into or interacts with is transformed or altered. > Usually large-scale > Itmakes use of a host of objects, materials, conditions, and even the light and aural components. > Site-specific, temporary or ephemeral in nature v WELL KNOWN ARTISTS: Allan Kaprow > American Performance Artist and Theoretician > August 23, 1927 > was a pivotal figure in the shifting art world of the 1960s; his "happenings" a form of spontaneous, non-linear action, revolutionized the practice of Performance art, > forefather of today’s installations and performance artists © Allan Kaprow , (1967), Yard © Allan Kaprow, 1962 Words Yayoi Kusama born March 22, 1929, Matsumoto, Japan Japanese artist who was a self-described “obsessional artist,” known for her extensive use of polka dots and for her infinity installations > She employed painting, sculpture, performance art, and installations in a variety of styles, including Pop art and minimalism. © Yayoi Kusama, 1965 Infinity Mirror Room—Phalli’s Field © Yayoi Kusama, 2009, Aftermath of Obliteration of Eternity vv Ticmmensosineiecornn EY studocu Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexsemperade20@gmalcom)Dale Chinuly > best-known artist associated with the post-World War II studio crafts movement > Born 20 September 1941 © Dale Chihuly, 2011, Aqua Blue and Amber Chandelier © Dale Chihuly, 2010 Float Boat, The Sun, and Red Reeds EARTH ART > “Land Art”, when the natural environment is transformed by artist. > Kind of human intervention into a specific landscape or terrain. > Different form environmental art WELL KNOWN ARTISTS: Robert Smithson > American artist known for sculpture and land art who often used drawing and photography in relation to the spatial arts. Born January 2, 1938 > His large-scale sculptures, called Earthworks, engaged directly with nature and were created by moving and constructing with vast amounts of soil and rocks © Robert Smithson, 1970 Spiral Jetty © Robert Smithson Broken Circle/Spiral Hill v Christo > Christo Javacheff > Bulgarian-American Sculptor, Photographer, and Conceptual Artist > Born June 13, 1935 Andy Goldsworthy > Born July 26, 1956 > British sculptor, photographer and environmentalist who produces site-specific sculptures and land art situated in natural and urban settings, Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexaemperado2 com)© Andy Goldsworthy, 1989 Touching North © Andy Goldsworthy, March 4, 2014 Hedge crawl, dawn, frost, cold hands, Sinderby, England, Jeanne-Claude > Jeanne-Claude de Guillebon > bom June 13, 1935, Casablanca, Morocco > environmental sculptors noted for their controversial outdoor sculptures that often involved monumental displays of fabrics and plastics. © Christo and Jean Claude, (1968-1969) Wrapped Coast © Christo, and Jeanne-Claude, 1972 California Dreamin’ Richard Long > British Sculptor and Land Artist > Born June 2, 1945 © Richard Long, 1967 ALine Made by Walking STREET ART > Related to graffiti art as it is a by-product of the rise of graffiti in the 1980s. > Artworks are informed by the illustrative, painterly, and print techniques and even a variety of media. Ll ide. STIcer © INSTALLATIONS STENCIL IMAGE WELL KNOWN ARTISTS: Y Michel Basquiat Ticmmensosineiecornn EY studocu Downloaded by Alexandra Jane |, Emperado (alexsemperadc20@gmai.com)SAAR AS Keith Haring Shepard Fairey Bansky Gordon Matta-Clark Jenny Holzer Kruger Downloaded by Alexandra Jane I, Emperado (alexaemperado20@gmall.com