we Water loan, Logging mgiinn, Q xi Taaiae ZN ‘ ft ttt tty Gut Phe eremenon wT dflecds the errr yeotyene Isa F ae phenomenon an ushiel produclivrtss agield of <0 0p ne bs, a op Gp eae ace efoeding of athe rook yore de wall Ae fit & 4 fla usith soaker i Loans of weolutegying O Beepag tom the canal @ dantensive sortgotian | eve dartyateon inage sigstin 40 dhe agit t Aertaia © Smproper cudtural ict @ drugalor sopog'ertal $12 @ tycrasive caingall foetnuclion dike hocks © Sxerence f mpewlour ) © sdutyraigones due floods Grodeayat. nokuaal daoinage = seit Srawing 126 permeable ao abrativne elie naeA -agpects of woabelogging © Reor warration (itl-carralion of woil sueultiog tn ao hac, wwoould chill the cbacterin vofuch care urnchul ® The wall wone Coalinity) wsdl Uneuose dn che aed) which uwould verult ain the ahuirkage of cools con water poms aut of vtoots doy sewmocls. oot © Fmereare din uthe cathalinily ef aot sen Tool wal, @ Efffersencr> @elooding condlkors moy sesult ee v © efflorescence > aotth Hu rpomrage f HME Sei ute flbodid wats on the field woul get eae wiaporaked, the Aol aols in dhe uoatr being Hoy nonvolatile will vwmain on tie aod dovming woh folohs Tha phenomenon is noon as Lepflorsseence Na, co, 7 NayS0,>Nack Clack alkali’ phd Konknol of woolen dogg ing * Cpbimum use of water © Reduce uth uuntumsitiy e{ araigotion Reovitle affeerert wdrainag systeon * Srbreducing sop aitation, » Lining of ceonal Veco JReclamalion &f aahine cand calkaliinn 5% Leaching The cagiculliral Land us gloodia woclhe aug tcaant Apt of ook UH eisai) cdibloeall (ERE aotublwady he Ac eontainmg these walls cs aaiiied oul dhroug edaainage iyctum oy Leeched oun ke Goo th, GT: The amt 6 wecta anced an site claching “procs ge valled clecehung oqmnt CLR) Aft Ais Bara, odder eke catholiine + vqrypsam (coluune let cp 77) code 5 Aumnestent (phet) (coo) « Tololl depth Dee cy tal Dj ~ctotal capt of sexigald yack con veorsumplae “ts pa- depth corde um (dugth of round vost ) « leockuag Ratio a Lenching Rote + psy es = \- ae di Df vb Wal>3, Drainage syste Need for cdxainage eid covcones wsek a a Gibse- che nan [uaargalorn 6 3 unto du wel vad as, aud on iia pours: Stet cal) the poe woe Solled yuath wor ptoit ds Bard b> be rou. wos Cor Be absorbed: UShin ay) galisaled on te woakar un daales anon cthe sok auafroce uregation eontuawt, pools may fon The woatr flovrtng from the ualuraled sod downwearg “ deepen Layers feels thu equoundiodtnr KUOWON, Ww GW1 vUss - Fell: feawy JUOUNs OF KONKintiE, owoch—viar vand aalirals athe fart of root yon Bh uth: iluclion deste: porate | dk a vesull, eval abargabon Gust may chy plant may vaffer: ‘ Drarnage Bae The removal of excess woala eithin hom the “surface / Sub-surgacr aa called ediarnage Daarnage ene daainage . + ences ucatir ¢lows from «thy -man-mad:|arstnage aystios spams field Ua sesame? lakes ov xivrg Fl Snipoce Subsurface 1 Tecra ge aysk0> f deanery ape™ - leremove excess wWoley . « yermove excess vee [from the land einfare. Frere agob' zone 9 corel accarplisinel accomplished bes 1 YY prowston oJ | provision of deep 1 Shdlloo dukhes open daacns [bunaied 1 Coven chains) Pipe daartoc bi these drains (fi discharge into | \aoger fe decpes ( | elector dtaains (2 the agnicolbusal | {Held Os given an 1 artfie \ aaky(cal elope | Ge Na clay land gradient,Lage sayatin () Spr doainage collector drduo vals Jchoands are cproveded i the fala Ths wsdl « pWake or ofr © fimetiwoork veh copen ubbtche , cee dp cumoue te eners uodtr fem un eventucally ubitehorged unto ya, axes ueakir bedy A © Requires Hegelar maictancner ds ensias What vduiorts sorothe shabiuctiory vdodil? stock athe tose jet woates coarse (peso) cheatlh cothen -potlatant + fl may gutks af uontaminated woth d tesage [| ong undegie vod boiscae urfae, Susgae unl daanag uvhoh eolleel ge : Hi weaker fiom guld ge conmy oh dle 2S oes ea dice a a akoroge Sin, » The excess uncle ds gunodly or a cbrealenint facility « woker _— poo! oF & (i) funch sdoatns Al ftench drdin asa drencly filled uslh grand Jasck o wheth , and consists of va cferforalid Bipe « The drain oH wuned lo cdaucl Ue eacess auagac: woatu On LO apecifio voto. “the perforated dap & ; Whe as dat ok om wuscttiing tile. de cuohen the tndmg id wseeps fekes ¢ ee / ge Ueapicl i (W) Bedding anains wd a oan dead Fomor!~ of usk auafne ae « Bedding os vo coat “erga zi paging, plow eae drainage method washivvea by ; 4 Land Jo form ch aetus of too Lede E eaoparctled by i G POXOILL pul diehes (dead huornees ) t (ea) Sub Surfyorer edivay un i nae OUNAgE System (sol ilngosn ink AACA gong 81) (open Aratar ) deep open ca? Gut, — wal dacinay 39 Guat soils dharnage se, é ha : Beaeh Lectin yore, are oeey rene oes sant hecdeee op vdxotins Disadvantages *~ 1) There daacrr se 2) 4 equines corgi me ILSUNG cand ule! ones’, Sulake then of Jrenbries diffrent equine sab macabanente facque Inds what etitausust won de mned hor wrops of wublerts fo dtd het ood 7Az inital ust. 6 = AK (3-97) 4 }oB) 0 -dudt bua eeerdb: of LUMO b= bist blo chigheal cpotat tin the denal Go T and the umpenrtous shata $= cle spacing of a ale drovy 7 iuthoags spor om Uungth of Ure dosin K > ceeeffeeuunt of spirmrabebdly ay | Cxolkaasianel lee (ee) RAAGO* GO ee of annual av Yap avg. vonnwal rorya reenyells todths ampeousshalanok. ) grains core Lard « Gmpowaus Lae her vento 16m elo the qround Lose! Annual 09). dacng ‘ Vm Nelo thu uyround Level jaws Us Boom. JR | fe of te annul us to de rained 4 nangorl rin 94h Ue cheep th lot of WI do | p the sughust pore o( Anoxn fe Autowo aground Level» Odevmens see AdELL of -pomealeetly = 0.0014! Pag =80cm, rO-Bm- ) a -\ 2 0-001 210 MS % 5 K -0-00) cms Gjendicl- oe L200) b= q-1- 8 io &= Ab (ieee) ay. fo-omter |x a 24x60 *b6 a4 xb0%60 4.A6x\0 8 al aa .001* a 7 OOO (2-3-8) can a Q.26n10 48 Bee ai x0 Erernos 7 7 a 2 4 = BRAT re eeCANALS. > vartificial Sleuclore : pousovvout, koaks Ae > wonvey oat diem reurer > Prpos,, => unryotion mamaction cpowsa vyerwralion Alassification F hosed on canines of apply 2 (4) Pevanent svanals unfr che Souder of auipply ls chevmanent dike va peunnial stv, * ubed dn waco unhire apply needs do be vortunusus C4) epazativol canal — - supply tlreughocd the 47 (it) men pornrial vanal — mon epaational diewng Some spat of othe yo- ee ho ae ©) inundation eanol + Source of supply ds rentotuanete nat permanent * Supplis wots only when Led an suses using fleed ue > dinvenh vrei wnat during flood ee peeIE hoxd_on val, alignment Ee eo ridge Lite qatar shed Clopographic]aurvids) (high duvets Ceabrent Cobeleunt, —. x Nally iar lowest ebvater 5 cbadchment oubhel- walubody reves [oven (2) Rid: cconal (uals ches coral) ~ + coneloucled along the aide dine EL) cahared) ae » Provides wala ot» hotly cards of dhe Lanal and tener _ hts MAE xommand voxte % tonadeud Ur Le drat colignment vos uh aos mace command ator jo Ls te mosh, econem OTe ey: Sndina Gondht varia’ (6utled ~ ) (b) rontous woral. Beatie Mtecase tion EF aisensnt-co! yoann of uonsiuuelvon of nnss- Baainegy uroks | CE eee rath wares seams \orerel= cerca dranage Works en ont-6idh ( louse Levalion) Wnecorvimnet mand vaua*©) 81d: clop anal + abgned cat vught cangtss obo the contour (collong the Side -slops) ° sine the vanal vung {I de othe POL aera flo at waaally sat cnlersect dx.ainage anne thous awordag tht comhucluin of cross edrarnag, usoth: + Thus more econoriral ’ I ’ Provicly usatu on beth sedis. owes wood command area TL bowed on cdibehorge = vv =e aes brandhcanal \ Majo Aisbihathyy » @ 755 a -na5-5 §< 025), ifs cane) on Uoo, bod on ding Ey au Unedveanal be mo dun tang povided wel i U) callave, l ( al ceanal - excawatid an allunal soit Wi) mon -allurral canal - fed mated + chow th Rea ae seahoe oh th nalusal matanal tiaigh He surface Gas mot prowidsd woith a dining 07 t > U) allbatal cond ~ constructed throughs alata! sod 4° fuck or deported by suvers Disadvontog + - eaatly ‘otis (prone de scourleg Hence, vdocty tn the ceanals ane marateuned Voy wo wewdd fone a dorge 6/5 Oa () non-olluunal — weraburstid Urough “hosd pala Misintogratd rock, + chaners o scouring ore Ls Henee aelocrty ws shagh o dese cfs crea yodepasitier ) alluwick Jou cA, © panol Svar dls surface Pearman nds Bettas abug wecdooity or 0 fing Cama ned usth con fmpoveous malta) cpruven acepogt of wsater de mountorined-Lampencnts of a cconal spoillant a (@) Bem * fukueyroveton dot canal widentng " + marsew aplit of and @ dhe GL. blw athe waner hoe of the bank 90 ts top wage of dh veubting de eran Wggr usakuwoay (b) Free beoxd + Gop blo dhe eanal Fst (full supply Lovet) soop of tthe bank, Gt awe thal uvala dour vverttop dhe bank: AS chu FN2 (1993) -nin rucboard clo be provided = 0-5 m ©) Dowel Rossedyoricon ebrovedid on tty veanal wid. of the wewvier road 4D ensum Ihe gogety of the veliicle (4) Sexmicerond Anspuction roads provided on thu banks Ot tNspecte ch econ or ctnipection puapos. <4 purr0@ Pte — jg the REL exconntia d && mol enoigh hor the cornBaretzon ob Gu ceanal noigh hor «the cone “omponcnals cdot dy burrowed efrom burro bk 4) Ralancing ef edegth, om, { se dy tee qpartty of uneomalidemalaah bs ok ue a efully welled for the conifuctin of, banks then - i rasvlkng tonal reckon Us cbrmed as Coonomie 4 Len ‘ Aupt « die dipte of suck ad canal schon win beloncery on 32h aide dep - IN? Ww Top warts B + 2Dop barking} Type a}coil |store fo cutleng | O — chyey 13 3] oi ae eval @ Srdy 3: any = gAae | othe | . ® loamy tse 2 4 at ho ® gral mer Ce = » to © bard rock Parl a oth z ue © eet sock 0651 i a i e Ca 322 Aligrmink of onal. 2aye9) + A canal ahould dk votignid ena wwatinshed (ridge) os =e efor vos fouls deer because uh ensures wrulqation en tee cheth aides of dhe veanal sow owoids ross- drainag wots, > dAlempl should ke made such that the mach canal mount as the oddly 10 08 mall Langih a+ posible {sor The rh Pl of offlate. } + toned should sun shorghl even uchen thi usabrrshed i) mokes va sharp Loop 7 Ataral ahold de auch that mo of ed soorks should Renee Nos; dea ee shoud dye as graalll as possible ghe omobler a i ne ess, oburpiion wo aecpagt Loses W mauttanene cost sell She Less + Atignment ahould aneied sninhalrtted yatuabl: cpropaaty t otf Amportant monuments. = At far as. chosstbls, anal whould vurn cthrougly tthe cheat of Uhe eommandid oisa do cheep thy vost of duatnc blo Syem mL arcas ,vbligious placts. gb beavertid « selkolins| woakss logge ono « row Gur win canal shod ~ pond should awed sordegy « A axa sot shoulddl tx road da xe s voncls vfrould Le aligned ouch thal ae snoring ot wu xoad, rorrory Nines 4 drainage, We ak ab aagss fi anal srogid have & balanced deste 4 catthcng, o% foros FO Uo ensue orto cost of eaalludeat widot be fheauy sin carkfeng, ast or 9) be aneeroorued : « Canal she ao W etonty, mands Roxts of coro sunigoson ayslion anges see nna yore Ly branch , creas Daiagys woot, @ convey onet sb vg E @® duqulelory atuudzas (xonol ‘requslakors) dorks ; > (0% -dnaira: ee A Faas be abacus n duspese 66 the Baourane were z ueclhowk ogc g tu banal apply. “Po ponah tates cdactinagy sina > main cone { c Axosnage aes Regulatory Shucture 4 inorder dD b/s. Buco wonetiucled on the ueanad 10 & ie he ethe eduacharge, velocity eC ny ree Bas ‘ a a ere a | ee | WW? v ee > conol-head dialruletouy hid ihe —> ofttake chant 2) Dishthutonghend sug r Pxovrded @ the “head of enh sdushsbulay se beech weonol: 44 cones the embry of woot, unto tk of {take channa py tacss se gp llokors Thue war povded on die poxial vbannel|main vanal ssh als of thr alienling “pt ef the oftalung Crannd kp aa atu sok wel tn uh posint channel wo that full exupply ah anand go dhe opftekung echannel even reher whe post ethanad Js svanning cpardiolly fall Urey cose also poredid @ dhe alls of anal ercaper vo cearal alld e)tanal dalle Slum the stopé of a: anotuaal cqrcurd is muuch eter , ther | Pe cord om cet Mae Cas Set) dlc of rdid - This vaddin dap us vanal all ; She Jecatien of the fall vchas bo he decided pedacioly auch chal then houtd be cbalancing blur cubhe carnation ants a |( ' ma p sonal escapes Le “goueloue al A Un oemove wodiba germ the canal cohen snes our wana dls a Jushon dasha Japp dn the > 1 OM wafety ait in sth ceanal auli~n ua omer vf Se CCU voce] do emply the canal ot tame eet Ov for seprctia sootks. Mechanty ee es din canal Curia seas ) Du t ed ae eet of sediment Lroursporttad usugh cls Ok eres Sates Susgendid Sead \ + paal of, the toad aphich dis an suspension —faenea nas 2g: chine aad pA SE f ——_ \+ velecdy of suspended od = velnerles contach ocd aaiialiowtand HE salir Sedirents oll paroiycdioad — ysarh aitde, honagouted by | ae pounce *Povmanenat BEES | suspended 4 Why god ments one tranapanted? egronss glace] Ba govmalion: Qos [Bud formauars ee ee 1 pow uhatadtnabr nd chasccks X Wee mature of ded auafax AG the adnan: chocaslaub? Lo © pfpuial than aot oie gue hangs +” deed o apala erat Go aygctka sued atcodur. me ere ware ulosshied a HG" Avcolinows 9Poboore yet] 1) Plane dnd without meolion Wo coed movi usher aysiam uo dnittole cand maintaur the movt of acdumenty there is cleo bith emagy 4% Hy el wakeup im bed =e b) Ripples when = we es LSPS vole Fo<\ (eubcrdcall flows) c) Dunes (Mega Ripples) als. <— f a) Bed 2 cede ate4) (pans A) vasoty Sutha 4 glow Jord 9 y “aamever all) dunes, Ls vol eon oe Rlovs Lecomus supaeucal “tantidunes one qormed - 4potir suagact wet ants duces se «) PIAS (rst csthey ee — ' dannadlion \eptarnbeal! antiduneiystandng ome 7 plaitbed apples \edunes ae Ee ‘ orca AN ' ee ee) ‘ \are NES e \ 1 ) \ we —~— Fy? Cole vvAo ~ aVeagetheor force vee 44 > fe Caedeirent portiely wotll stort Theesheld pornt farttical wondition Aig ator altess, (on the bed) 4y> Yt ® So Ae ydroulie vodius as gq- Bongitidined stope-/bed aloe Lose4 + Trapeyerdal channel Normally fer canal. & > 4, augshuas altars on acd A= 0954, 4. = 0:95 yRS ghuo! Shee dudactin wll be -non-r 5 Bieter rung) => anciplent motBASH RS Amore esas wane [Aer = 999 To 404 | a A. mon @ aids obtaned | fron thu auahoce > 0-45 FY Sq aqedegth of wor pokey hacker 0.93 2894 Firman, 0°79 754 Gales coondiktons ® for the Be sdhannel dyed vagoiask seeutng (aad ang suas thon 2 cubical Ay 74? 4, MOverg [scout 3t ng of particles ; whe 4, -tw®Se ' ecions t(D d= ong ediar- of au quarrel portels ry of, tu dimen partic ere specific 22:65 (% mot apecitd)a ferdhs channel catdes Cercle slope) bys (are «| AJ 02545, AEE YEE | excite chops tte -400(L) [od m4 = ek R> Le of-repore (starts aliding) 84% (nen sliding condition) Toxprevent scourng, both aafety ceondilrars chos to be uonsrdired, ) An unlined canal ushith vonsisb of ceohtenstonles, eacolanent | homing aman Aicemebr orm , angle we oepere = Ao, ocd width (8)= 5m, ade Hope LS Hi1V + Fund the max ediechorge uhh on & admitted unto th anal «athe, || wony sediment movement + 3, Zoo? Mannungs a= 0-035 Ot20 (si3)- ane § 45 B-om 4-6 Gmm O) for uchonnd bed fo ZA,© MaRS, £01086 Yad (Gv) Rx seca 2 o.08cr d.006*@: 65~') S000 R 1-65 = 01056 x 0:006 ato x5 000 i Re B62 2.992 m Ge = 00564 % (a) we her er cide akope xd 4p 240 O-40W, Ro, < A omy, 6 BR 4 0.056% 4 wo 2 Ser jet 3 5G x0:006% 1-69 * ease R 2 0-086 oN Feu A 0:75% F000 aoe 3 s +aS is MoRe, bce = Ma RSy £0:056 Kod (G-\) i 3269 q Rx saga ¢ o.05cy 0.006 nQ: 66") be Sooo 1-65 R 2 0.056 x 0.006 xt x500O R £ B68) 2.092 tv her ler cide akope Gg = 0086 x%(G>) f e 3 4 240 : 0-4oW Fo. <= A, )\ip Cs eA w 0 oR c ae ate 079%, SR € 0-056x%a x4 oo re (a out 33. 64. R 2 0:056 x0:006%1- at Ceo \ 0:95* F000 R240) A4I3a a i i = : A= BD+eD eo 5 Soar a E 00“srapst aaa (639 = Spee De 5+3-6o5D SD+1-SD = 9-354 6-AAD sD = 35-0 — 20 A-Bo+my - 5(314) + 6 (34a) > 80-49 m> pact 2B Q = +_ x 30-49%107 x 1 0.0a5 B00 ¥2 > 26-18 mis Regume thanred | trary diachorge wiblemately finds orperick shape over dhe dete, the auyolth (8), depth (0), bed elope (,) tis 30 wAyasted Ahad che Blowing wool wo din accliment om in eam: Jha entans thab chen E dh channel Jed vand, Uganks 60 no this ds cealled ougeime uhonnd. NENo 6.0.4 (no edhng, no acouung > MS es «I me scour un vtclernent Ldrpoidten..AUT BOR canal win dmdia (ant! ei a India (unlined canal) > “pp Bani Boal tonal (6b dich) fie ealablafed whed wa cham cealllid urnsiceal vdooty vo) 0-64 No +055 34 the 4 the avg melocchy Cv) in dh; canal, V2 Ve > adling vil hapeer ~< 44 V7 Vy SD Exouring usill happen: Coweuss) Seouniny uudirad velecdy ws the vlocdy wn dir edhanindl wofen no «atling fecourtrg econ for anoking al apytucolst: Jo' other ceonals | m- vulreal velocity ect es UNC veloctts | qotwe conal Wdote Te velouty of std, cone carne one Nig = 055m seul + pooner thon abd sth + hens whan std edt » game as oud skDesap qebannl sectors USER tome edule sa) wiattapentNiaad Gelman f yey es cenekQrewab) ’ (nobauven 0-083, OD cAesame auclabl dept D=Im @ >» sOGsrae Ss A-@ Ve ® Betlom width, &- > A-pD+AD” 8-7 © webled cperimeter Ps Brau @ waclitol velody by Krutters formula V+ Se BS | 23 eocee)) N] a+? Ge SSS RS, 1+ fo +0.00185 \ 7 ame) ies EE c JR,7 VNo 3 b YENo > cbeatea. Segue 5 no guath ws hn 4g V2No 2 cw D 4 lo i Came Urughis tpth, ; Vv dN ontcere douse cchepth , @oraw channit scetton So caurchonge of 50m | : 6) Peargn van eee alpen “ee dard oh ve Hert THo00” Kudu megosy Thy vrcheol velocity Jee a seecygeeth aa 01023 Tal +, @ Assume D =I @ Vo - 08S 4l-\* el CCOrA = BAAS oe One a 0:608 2 ® A- Bp +2 2 B26 = ™ "os, ane Barly Gh pee ap - 821400 eee > es gon4 * Nea ee oioton ae“ft. 32605 _ 9.490 P 34.396 io Ne \ ey EN oaeaes eee poe fous > 12-694 = 0:673.m/5 N No o Assame , D=2.5m Txol a @ D-a-Bm at ® Vo= OS5xle1x aS = 1:09 mls —— @ p-@ . 56 249-842 we i ® A> 6D+2D7 & B= (hla = ® P= Br 20 Jieze 2 = 23-13m Cera+ RA en 2, . 0205 @ \- cNre, = \Ney/e N 7\o peoume D= 2.65n0 ial 3 (cae say © eto )No= \-13.09/5 oOR- 4a: 24m? ) B © 15-39M Bp = al-32M b) R= 208 Ey) We \13en/s Qo VSM »Griner + Q 9B ym, sidialape '? Op rato 6 Vo = O85 mD ee 2\> @=AN. = (BO+21) Jv, uout B untrouel D Sol gop eto oblan B BDV, are chured RAL P © woclialevelecity , ae a) acm Ue (29° oni) ie @ Assume con initial 4, Oblawn' \V Eo veN, 20K : If VE v, > assume va Blather slope cic Raaetion the Slope ut 1 anumed met proal 4 4000 6 coo HV 2V, assume steeper slo (46 lop) ee ei Bee) Aya Repeat uatil Ve\,6) Qasr on gation _ ruth Mea aoa whonned ’ D eT Uy cearay a duschorye gor] s gurtobe Vous * eiliead evelooly suotio=! scum & aR ‘ method. Mgordy KoeRiveunt Go WH Kennedys B25 D yr ossaieD eter] > O55xD =u) Q =, (BD ¥0.8S)x005 0" r \o4 aca O55 BD +02350 Ao B-2-5!D 4 204 10°55x2-5 D4 0.295 eo 2-64 1-295 Dw 0-228 4d B > 336m D = 3.3690 A= A. 2:12 on SES Nove V= Resume So- — OOO yc ee 2-085 hepa as a Pee 0-023 Yao 7, a eeao) 083 y+ (93t 9.0018 8 \ a yaoss ) VB I2 | = 12-64% Ae eee 608 \a6 e Reig aot bed slope —— Ne vlesume fo ~~ §200suloal> ee Pinilabiors of -Kennedijs Theory hed Kennedys cLrrery as co dual warrot ub tad Kullect can 2 Ne formula go the octal nelocuy any w wad P to equation or uxdstope A) RUE veharge ve uilh ugade ors snot cone! Cam) Cpe oo 120) rn Lie am. is walritraxtly chosen Du evolur of vauitical velocity v0 idiud Loctsjs Thepey ZO True ougume - ideal condition -anscowarg nosilhins =e Sra = 6 orkyuatnes ~todks alle ® Tatliol regime — peeude regime Z@® Final vugine - 6, 0,01? cheryes: » O Arse ogee o> vo vondidion wishere cthere ds no alkng nerscouny Ge aiBunanl dood ectuiny sediment Load Leomng enw 20 walfecrslly wuoled channcl Showing antain seetten so Ud ope an said da de cin xequou only af othe doll condi vow solespud 1) A) it eonshant ") uunfourr effou9 m) th vehora, ds woncbant reek cet YES wohun of all anno Ce hon wou etoal BU Ub va She « srobds varies Dn 4%) aut Y) ethongt a 2 tenctant Be ahe aheon, Uneskaa’ causal wohteh oan he Us flecen Uhasugh 6 matrual _gritdal negeme Be atoutd poo atlted varies « shen vont : 4 the died af all als ae f wa channel vot due cb tcclaoppeny outa i unaffected Py asethed periods oumains 4 a ‘ae teem -when te charac eas ¥ wang weonditten ft ealleA yada oigeme: ruck anfact APS hanidls asl appear da Be dn salen ne. Sak uu mek: Goal xegeme GAUL the seomrdblu ouch vas P), D, S, , dle amt enyoally 4 unwary and feral tl vadiniid asl auschinge seed ghe echanadt vit aaud bo chow quail 0 pamancet cealled rthe final segime duchy a wehannl uohlo to acqurot probity yoster an all athe ductors hos % feodeng np aecri-eligtiedd slate. @ coorseroi\t Orxdivor sith © pve abt Final vegienesDesg Ve 0-8 Rea] SUL factor, © procecture Wetfed perumackes, [P= soca] fet vo wide vatlawal channel, W> dace degerne novelth Bcour depth ee) + (aeresal Reams Flovo Ba (N* \ 6 S(s ) (Eger Vv @ Pease oO Sein ‘ B3yoale © Oasuyn a segim: whannel for a diachorge of 50 cumeca onc alk fockor Vl wig Locuys they + OLengn co Locey vegjens sharnsd Powers AOS drisugh: wo makrxed of sue o-Baamm dor th You: dota CCA = \0f000 ha Doe, =Aoy. cota Bo}. . anal > Rabi = ta00 ha] cumee outfel duschaage fector (dtdq) 4 ~ pred = 200% enrnec « eames ore oye pte fesume convene eb Ang, zy) ) © we Pe; 018695 me \4o 2 18 els ® a- a0 (28): ' fe 2 _ a-304 09 (eA... 2 p00 age A =e 5908@ pa 4.35 fa -nIe{6o - 33587 He mo | 4r13 2 op 4 OQ »= ye Po , Weaaxlo 3 > ( 330 Q% — aatro x 90% = BATS 2) R-2 Ans Re, 2) een ~199000 ha Prea argatd tandter _ ene 1) Khang = 040410 23 = 40,000ha “oO n) Rabe = 0:0 10" ; = 20,000 ba Deschorzen eS A_ ~duty Se oe Coase ; deste pag 1) pale =. @=HVOCO . 29.92 oH, Xx 1200 vey Frau, @ = 30000 33-5 of, G desiqoebcborge} * Blot ean Seay Nuke » Bpesaa| wel mince , 10]. Conegp oe tossez, a * Relol deragen discharge, ae lo10x 37-8) ote a 4 Ue ah » = M108 o/s Brean ee 7 + Hoe > seclu + apiluen See) Sd(nba Soe “00g, 9 ces TO bs, 2 0:a18 role 140. Nig 2) R-2-BN = 25% 08192 % eae 008 RQ. was VN 0 8ig P4326 (@ = 5 ‘a ea HI25 = 30-B\e0 4, ami as Nee yy 7 Loos 1:63Qx10 3340 QS Ee Tee 50 -4aga? 330% 41:95 ° = \uo 6124 ole for Band D ce —s oor Alp. p= 212002 Re hydrate rectus = ngdonulic meander © 9» Wydaaubic duel = Als pulp blu Kennedys 1 Lacusys theory \ Fre corn be mang sections for Quen a t only 1 rege for giver aiscoarg | flontry ; ators Wrot ath 43 ceorried - oe » Gloles & eolk wooed, aaa i Se palduss schuch one gerund by spaaken blo Vand D cpp us unbodsiced je utherd ear Jeno ear or Shed loge | pared on dard) joer Buckie va Sagpts © Supe. + only da eug.cluon channel «ales Canal Requtalinn. we Canal | Assan uth meat Kelair, elaborate dhe Atypes of canal foils (drops Canal drops The cari aotid masonry abuelory unhich cor conabuuchdon th, ceanol wy dhe metunal ound op da Beepe Dhan Lh, edlescana xtanal slope 5g ah liye vemallia, wo wing Aoop wean be corbucted and uf thu YC we chighe Thhun edaops ar consburclid @ regulon sutabl dnterval. © Ogee folks @ Ragicl foils © catepped Yall @Mrope,ocdal retch fale © Wal dype falls O©Aimmple vttea! drop spall @ Mhaght Glacis tolls B Montague typ foUls © Angia gas ( hattte fall > ‘Thy ovation of canal falls duperds on dopoqrephiical ronditony and he economy of emconiokion fj ting Konsids.cdions in atlecting whe type o¢ fall, O Ht ef fall of weaker @ Th charg: poracng over dhe holt O Topaqrophy of au Location ® Nap o{ 20d an Sai Os I Alef acl nosDesign of Hrageraitel notch ral rep of canal bant Leg ay exdewoall \ deh pier ; (olden S foinrtatkersentt alll (creat) bottom of poli. Ft el eugy th ee gj Discheage cha ough danpeyside nelch ae ne rane], Col Ja £408 4-4 Ble aie One all supply discharge 7 Mal eupty Aa Pet S 3p C B10 7 22 Yoo [rroartae} 6 Nisa Aas ee \sy [uro-40 Yeo) Baoeted = fsascharye noel aokhe > wiboo 850,@ Assume ca auitabls noef nolehis (start roth 3) © Solve the eqn » e-aan? [Loony 401 op and Be, andebtain value of Land a Here dhe lesan wonsiduvalien ux,auch tak she chop width, Cheal ds repeated auntid T4olts wun Ca T=-2- to) 3 v0 QD) Deuign othe ey. ond maef motehus azqgicher a wearal drep-for ithe fol. cporticulars - gull supply Anvchorge loo” 477s bed usrdthy of uanal «6m ull supply vdseth - 1500 hal » y= Im RL Qiong > 272 a [roa roo) “H 1.9305 / Ea 4 Bing= 22a Ae. [L040 Vice] if 5 Baar te [Lsoate.s)} © Bey = a.90 ae Throne) 0665 - 2aaxIxTLiea ny ©1-33 > A-oas b+ @VAaAIn —2 0 *osasn ‘so O°6E5 = Q-aay L= 08464 m>0-13aq - Manx 5 Land . 0: 06645 nes a= 4b0s 3-200 at 2 eer wore as 2 ~3-802a GF, a the ae Te Le H(2 tansy e b-a5- (\-9x 01389) F OHi5m otchts> OB Z (0-95) Clot 1, Ynoa a Trial 2 Aesume = 4-1 =o =) L=0-9Al 40-95 me 039% OH TL vn 2 ion) 2 oaait(ies x04)_Prepecadel aoc AL of centre of prowsure rf ~ ae = Pale fet weendd if outlet oa (4) Design of bapezodal nokh. Q@-2-990P EL to-tayt) (©) Vv, =vet- over sth notch it Sry \b = vel A eoby wn pope > jullsupply @ zi arte of eri openins Oenoy Ato of Flow over notely enby > OMpve Hrengh pepe Ng = Gull supply ane ot dy pgs peak Lost blo anld well eet vo Al Why Wy, = Zenhylon alo Aued> 4 Near a pe { a Shr ebepe oh hose puddin Saith clangeeré Wo ee - Bev (Ns) AEs 7 a 7. temill eee L a . 2 ef weodr cauaQner dan ble unilclwwell © ale fav ¥ ‘uy iors of vo siphon aux 22-09% Uh 3 Giese ee puro he0) = aaa’ 0-45 \ % [it 0:40 \50 ) eee 2:22 60 oe\ ite Py atone oN eg 6600 Pee 22a (oo 05 © pena (sone) = 066% 0-95 98 ponte Ob > Peco Ne ana (02%) [- vant? 9 3aee — 0 L056" nz OG eS “=T= Le ay dane ‘dicot = O6+ B(Owatan IF) A-8D +t D~ = exo 45) (0-2 0283) 0s om diagenby 0.500, ca aa i = AF es, Lore of anata un the debt uusell ceidel nots un the datet wusell Head (oss Hh BS 0 Pv ya 4 240 rey dalam Sie nek Mayank= 0'6 (B5qyp ED) Desai + Ce09 ~1aayh 24a TV A965 fi a) Cocke scope, fatl=uls Fet—dle ese allel = &A~ wags ora rte ¥ 99? y 1297 Bain 20.419 MELO NY Lael = A/s Fst 4 WL > ls bedieud + Fecuptio) —ayetstealt \oa.a+acs ~ 33 2 QB GHB 162-08 UPL = u[abedierd = RASS FSG 46 169:98 ~ 0 52) 2 100 Re > 18A9S 1S = 61 260° a Dia of ant weal =\5 i jes he Nig | {a =15x| ene poe quad | Ye —_—teraa ese evel \aa- Vaaixx? \ se 2¥ 13 ie GAR KHAO RA, QG-a4 ye NOAM, wg - 9% 215% (04) =\562 SS pyrrole = leg =\ Routt = ————— RL ger = RLoju/s +L (€sdeptin Prof CP 2162-93 “37° gs = (63:08 ysie308 16129 300f Vertical fall/oortte Goll (ccmnbuastion eLsrralll call) ula TEL serra | B= = 48 dis Fo eer pone Cislern taepecsed bed) O-dust blur crest sods bed W -~ TEL oecrest Le -Len gi of cele Steps O fue Ye clength, Haut aa thed usidth & canal leveat = canal bed vad te (us) Ung exatoll eduschore formula, aaseming tantobt: yi a Aap vevellh (®t) ebtan & t P me Crk con le sartangular dropeyodal east WO 4b @< tnais > reclange is lar yy a" Bret “184 LH lira | By <0-5-0-8m —— Wy 9 Zen) 5 > brapezordal Sos ore)valocdty of Approach Nenana ‘ ‘ Gann, \- ee orks af, sagverdeh amall Ceabf) -d/s Po. Dy= US FSL ~ v/s bedlevel ) Chess than t ae Valocety heed ‘ ~ Ne 24 RUop TEL = Us FSL avd-nead RrorteL -julsfsl* pam 1 29 1 RY of crest ~ Rlop TEL H of cater) tlengthUisbed =109 engdieicel A777 F153 © Leese 7 UE bed vsidth = tore @ wQqt2 14 (qectongulor creat pees Grek = aL Fe | % BE HW? 12> Laxton? [es \" B = 0.3m (arseume) 3 WH 046m Na -_\@ Q la D= Fs chepht : Ri ue CLAY), EOI*ZD (or 8) (ints) > 10 “8 = 0696 - 0-45 — @ var @ Be © BLJ 101s ume) a 03 yd de ea Cag 73 2x98) 9 PATEL fol vines > 104-6 +0.025 =104:585™ . © REM oust Rg = 104-525 —0-35 = (03gae Eos QE ' \ x tony” \ fall 155 ufs ts Ale Fst xe 3 Bn loges: 2 arse 137 a 2 0-BAM ca ® 75 ae 5 )o26xl5 > B23 io ae 5-002} = 101.83. @ AL & esha PDD aaanane 101-83Canal Regulates 7 cv09s nequtohir Fount > => than \ 2 head aequtabrr —> ofp taking Carn Runchiors of ead aequlator + confrols entry of ucotir wath unts dhe offtaking veanal + owes os Sediment Lentil @ vrrad regulates © eres ath) acdiment enturng the mar canal wll deduce ws Rosryeng weapactty uhh us ceontxotld byt ecdintds unall - owols usctr pocket behind read dagloder Uusfuiclo usitl make the f ty lacey of aks aechment pret" ora can then fe achmnbed wh ea Sixes Ioso provide owed actA cy gees A head guy fottlatra dequicty 50 thal candernen wh noel hantsbot * proved va f “uss \ a Ls) sept agate wah Haabybhoal yc h ee hiod oegulelet- ccanat: ing’ vimooth yo duns Wilh emis sinta the te © unetolling cat iu yo tee mew 0g sath oxaluns Sls of buod MO cons Ale oe © enatalling auth oj chtod aul ejeckorgs un div oft - aya (draw pg Aah pis so eco) Deng of rats “regulon, eae 2. crors reqeetor # heed regen fo * eae esnete ei oe wre pat Ae Qpararats MOO : B dustroakeny (etre) vers FEL caseckchenns) ye 2 2\om- FEL peserh eel Ba voc apne? oa dlr als > Hor? ” 2B: taghr ) 22 ped chooril alswele B08 oe 2013 = 6207 FSL yahdorlnrg S tuerk = a aniticod 6 2. | hese sale enh Bee Bp 12? S porogis! aowel a Wa Gq, 2 0am qUBL Shatlet ~ 207-3 Als FSL {s { os iste 2 = = 2005 asa Laz x Ae eed evel] > 2098-2 5 201S-1AB cet ner 206.070 ono = (slanted ¢loor ait) O wrutlervel O design f wookauoay ” @ Ale Floor level @ Length of dle floor / Raed: ; cuf tDLUp Oirrol loos Lngth Outlft pasar flo hicks BUS Pebectimn w Ale Protecteoto Ree ee Mayankced NLS Vis bel leved. » no -2.6 “2015 , > mately CB) \e- BY [cabs et b> vide tears, eee hy = AeHPoF Als PSL —crest loud Here, W= 810-2096 = 0-215 Wy, = 202-8 -209.5- 2-37 Q= Wows vao = Blo Tver (ays 2048 oS B= 36.42™ = 40m jeoume Shaye areach, PAO + peers of \.6rm cach, 96 overall astaecay b> HG P clear yoterway = A0r? O Ale per level = 5 pan ee Ep, -suboneel ape Is bed level Prods Ale floor 201: ® Length of dls elooy rman) 642-41) Px tote floor ena 27 '80 Taptos |. Lea coon 2 5 (118-08) = LZ W179 = N39 S == Ve 3 vested Odds Foo IN Be2 © 4erh of cutorP ate depth of o/6 culore eb xuls wats depth +0-6m Auplh of Als cuteff - Als voaba dupth+ O-6r2 Auplh of v/s whol, = + (a5) 10°6 Wen = 43m dis cutoff et 5) 106 = (85 do. BL @bobtom of us culope = 207-51.43- 2066100 RL@ gy Als cute’ = 205.48 -7© xtstol pe Lunyth thermore seagogy huod = vie tse Als bcdteved » Op ~204F = go a+ depth of Ale cool, -1a6e pedoral ploor ers) baa xl8o- =\G-65 = \Ae0 | | | =< 0) Floor lena? a (on WOE?Aqueduct + Binihar a ordinony, toad budge across drainage but him conal a over the drounage Lritiad of road + A canal OW h vi ubote voraburelid un volich wonal wale ou, from vis vo ds» + anal Jongh 3 kn abe guatid on a oof cpus + Ra aqueduct is sprorvreded ashen waned ded Lev 71 tpainay, wospiced py fee Aen "conal tap ee (dla 7 Hg | nee > conal bey (eu el Top view Type | aqueduct 4 chonnd, net uth nounal side slopes rebained pee net changed (ongnal c{s th, cide slopes “usidl of drosnage ub small (< 25m) © Length of barnet though. which wlrainage pasees wind athe canal mon eco canol section & mowrye aquedinck gultr alopes om dincontinund wuuploced, Iyy asbouining sacle « fuagt & wow un reauerd ‘ Le _ ed OLESEN) i - a a J es | Ghraunag, al il Type nl aquediset Mao dian corrpored youth 7 Bem. 50 cost of rouge enna “EG ae = es soning, reausliong, heer" ng, Sangh ae bi voll « enkpn uedsor eee rae