NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

SUBMITTED BY:
Bed Prakash Senapati
Shiv Prasad Behera
Sima panda
Anshulata Panda
Dibyashree Upantanayika Mishra
Bhadrarani Sahu
Payal Ray
Subha Swostik
Tapas Kumar Parida
PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING
M.Plan, 1st Yr
 INTRODUCTION
• Generally the concept of the ”neighborhood
unit”, was introduced by Clarence Perry, is an
early diagrammatic planning model for residential
development in metropolitan areas.

• It was to be utilized as a self-containing

residential area that promoted a community-
centric lifestyle, which was away from all the
hustle and bustle of the city especially during the
industrializing New York City in the early 1900s.

• Perry defined a neighborhood as a collection of

dwelling units located close together, having a
common interest in the character of the
surrounding areas, a community where people
know each other, share many of their activities,
and provided a sense of belonging.

Figure:1- Clarence Perry’s neighborhood unit

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr
BASIC CONCEPT
• According to Perry, a neighborhood should comprise a
population of about 5000–10,000 residents, with
schools, places of worship, and recreational areas at its
center.
• The 160-acre neighborhood is to be developed such that
there are 10 dwellings per acre.
• This would also require an elementary school with an
enrolment of between 1,000 and 1,200 pupils.
• The design should allow the residents to access basic
facilities and services at a distance of not more than one-
quarter mile from their place of residence.
• Further, about 10 percent of the area is to be allocated
to recreation. The arteries of the roads are confined to
the surrounding streets, and the internal streets are
limited for access to the residents of the neighborhood.
• “Unity in Diversity” is the main motto of this concept.

LEGENDS
P’-Public building
R- Residential buildings
FO-Flats
S-School
SH-Shop
O-Open Spaces Figure:2- Basic neighborhood layout with landuse
P-Parks
PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING
M.Plan, 1st Yr
PRINCIPLES OF A GOOD NEIGHBORHOOD UNIT

1. SIZE: The town is divided into self contained unit of 10,000 population. Further it is divided into
smaller units with 2000-5000 population based on requirement of a primary school is called
“neighborhood units”.
2. BOUNDARY: the unit should be bounded on all its sides by main road.
3. PROTECTIVE STRIPS: these are necessary to protect the neighborhood from traffic chaos by means
of provision of a minor green belt.
4. INTERNAL STREET: The internal streets are designed to ensure safety of the people and school
going children.
5. LAYOUT OF BUILDING: to encourage neighborhood relation and secure social stability and balance
houses to suit the different income group should be provided such as single family house, double
family house or flat or cottages..
6. SHOPPING CENTER : Each shop should be located on the circumference of the unit probably at the
traffic junction.
7. COMMUNITY CENTER: each community will have its center with social, cultural and recreational
activities.
8. FACILITIES: all public facilities like school temple club shops etc. should be located within 1 km in the
central place so as to form a nucleus for a developed society

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr
 FEATURES OF A NEIGHBORHOOD UNIT

• Focal point of the unit is the elementary schools along

1 with such similar institutions .

• Arterial roads are to be placed at the perimeter such that it

2 defines the boundary of the neighborhood.

• Internal roads should be designed in a hierarchy that easily

distinguishes arterial roads from the local streets and
3 should encourage safe and low traffic movement.

• At least 10 percent of the area should be dedicated to green

4 and open spaces.

• Commercial areas to be restricted at the periphery of the

5 neighborhood preferably at the major junction

• Radius of the neighborhood should be at a maximum of one

6 quarter mile i.e. within 2 km distance.

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr
EXAMPLES

Figure-3 :Columbia , Maryland, Usa Figure-4 : Trudeslund , Denmark

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr
EXAMPLES

Figure-5 : Chandigarh, India

Figure-6 : Magarpatta , Pune, Maharashtra

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr
CASE STUDY : CHANDIGARH
Chandigarh, the dream city of India's first Prime Minister,
Jawahar Lal Nehru, was planned by the famous French
architect Le Corbusier in 1951. Being located at the foothills
of Shivaliks, it is known as one of the best experiments in
urban planning and modern architecture in the twentieth
century in India.

The basic planning concept taken by Le Corbusier was

Neighbourhood planning concept. The plan is analogous to
human body, such as

• Head - Capital area

• Heart – City centre / market
• Stomach – Commercial area
• Arms – Universities and industrial zone
• Lungs – Open green space
• Arteries – Network of roads

In his planning he identified four basic functions of

Figure:7- schematic view of a sector of Chandigarh city
the city, such as

• Living
• Working
• Circulation
• Care of body

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr
CASE STUDY : CHANDIGARH

Figure:2- Layout of a typical residential sector

Figure:8- Proposed Master Plan of

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING Chandigarh by Le Corbusier
M.Plan, 1st Yr
 CASE STUDY: CHANDIGARH
• The primary module of city’s design is a Sector, a
neighborhood unit of size 800 meters x 1200 meters.
• At the time of planning there were 30 sectors planned out
of which 24 are residential.
• In each sector 70% of the buildings would be residential
buildings.
• Residential plot range in dimensions of 75 sq. yards to
5000 sq. yards.
• Each SECTOR is a self-sufficient unit having shops, school,
health centers and places of recreations and worship.
• The population of a sector varies between 3000 and 20000
depending upon the sizes of plots and the topography of
the area.
• currently there are total 56 sectors developed in the city.
• He replaced super blocks with a geometric matrix of
neighborhood units or sectors.
• The sectors have their own shopping and community
facilities, schools, places for worship etc.
LEGENDS
1- COMMERCIAL 6- GOVT PRIMARY SCHOOL
2- COMMERCIAL 7- PARKING
3- TEMPLE 8- MARKET
4- DISPENSARY 9- SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
5- ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK 10- MARKET PLACE / DHOBI GHAT

Figure:9- Layout of a typical residential sector 19

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING
M.Plan, 1st Yr
 CASE STUDY

• One unique feature in the layout of Chandigarh is its

roads, classified in accordance with their functions.
• An integrated system of seven roads was designed to
ensure efficient traffic circulation.
• Corbusier referred to these as the 7'Vs. the city's vertical
roads run northeast/southwest (the 'Paths'). The
horizontal roads run northwest/southwest ('The Margs').
The intersect at right angles, forming a grid or network
for movement.

Figure:10,11 - View of typical Roads and Round-about in the city

Figure:12 – Areal View of Chandigarh

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING
M.Plan, 1st Yr
PROPOSED SITE FOR NEIGHBORHOOD-
PLANNING

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr
PROPOSED SITE :
LOCATION: NEAR DN REGALIA MALL, SUBUSHIPUR MOUZA, BHUBANESWAR
AREA = 0.98 SQKM
DISTANCE FROM BUS-STAND = 8.1 KM
DISTANCE FROM AIRPORT=13 KM
DISTANCE FROM BHUBANESWAR RAILWAY STATION = 16.8 KM

PRESENTATION ON NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING

M.Plan, 1st Yr