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2023 – 2024

TO IDENTIFY THE OXILATE ION PRESENT IN GUAVA AT DIFFERENT

STAGES OF RIPENING

CHEMISTRY INVESTIATORY PROJECT

Submitted by: Mohesh.G

Regd. No:

To the faculty of Chemistry

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the project work of

GRADE XII

BRANCH OF CHEMISTRY

SRI NACHAMMAL VIDYAVANI SENIOR SECONDARY

SCHOOL (CBSE)

BATCH: 2021- 2022

CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

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2023

SRI NACHAMMAL VIDYAVANI SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

Affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi

Devarayampalayam, By Pass Road, Avinashi, Tirupur – 641654

Phone: +914296291744, 7708007968

Email:info@nachammal.com

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

2023-2024

043-CHEMISTRY

NAME : : Mohesh.G

CLASS : XII - B

REGISTER NO :

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2023

SRI NACHAMMAL VIDYAVANI SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

CHEMISTRY Investigatory Project

2023-2024

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certificate to be the bonafide work done by

Mohesh.G

Of class XII in Sri Nachammal Vidyavani Senior Secondary School, Chemistry department
during the academic year 2021-2022.

DATE: TEACHER INCHARGE

Submitted for the practical examination held on......................at Sri Nachammal Vidyavani
Senior Secondary School, Devarampalayam, Avinashi.

NAME OF CANDIDATE G.MOHESH

REGISTER NO

CENTRE CODE

EXTERNAL EXAMINER SCHOOL SEAL PRINCIPAL

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CONTEN

S.NO CONTENT PAGE

01 AIM OF THE PROJECT 06

02 INTRODUCTION 06

03 MATERIALS REQUIRED 06

04 PROCEDURE 07

05 PRECAUTIONS 12

06 OBSERVATIONS 13

07 CONCLUSION 13

08 BIBILIOGRAPHY 13

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2023-
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“Showing gratitude is one of the simplest yet most powerful things human can do for each
other”.

First and foremost, I would like to thank God Almighty for giving me the strength,
knowledge, ability and opportunity to undertake this research study and to persevere
and complete it satisfactorily.

I respect and thank our Correspondent, for providing me an opportunity to do the

project work in Sri Nachammal Vidyavani Senior Secondary School and giving us all
support and guidance made me to complete the project duly.

I owe my deep gratitude to our Principal Ms. V. Sharmila Sunitha M.Sc., M.Ed., who
took keen interest in my project work and guided us all along till the completion of my project.

I am thankful and fortunate enough to get constant encouragement, support and

guidance from my CHEMISTRY Teacher who helped me in completing my project
successfully.

I would like to thank my Parents and Friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project
and helped me in completing the project.

Finally I would like to thank CBSE for giving me this opportunity to undertake this project.

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Aim :
⇒To study the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruits at different stages of
ripening
Introduction :
⇒Guava is a common sweet fruit found in India and many other places around
the world . Guavas are plants in the Myrtle family (Myrtaceae) genus psidium
(“pomegranate” in Latin) which contains about 100 species of tropical shrub. On
ripening it turns yellow in colour. Rich in vitamin C, this fruit is a rich source of
oxlate ions whose content varies during the different stages of ripening.
⇒Guavas have pronounced and typical fragrance similar to lemon rind but less
in strength
Theory :
Guava:
Guava is a sweet, juicy and light dark green coloured fruit, when ripe it
acquires a yellow color & has a penetrating strong scent. The fruit is rich in vitamin
C &minerals. It is a rich source of oxalate and its content in the fruit varies during
different stages of ripening . In this project, we will learn to test for the presence of
oxalate ions in the guava fruit and how it amount varies during different stages of
ripening

Oxilate Ions :
Oxilate ions are extracted from the fruit by boiling pulp with
dilute H2SO4. The oxalate ions are estimated volumetrically . By titrating the solution
with KMnO4
Solution . A reagent called the titrant , of known concentration (a standard solution)
and volume is used to react with a solution of the analyst or titrand , whose
concentration not known. Using a calibrated burette or chemistry pipetting syringe to
add the titrant, it is possible to determine the exact amount that has been consumed
when the endpoint is reached . The endpoint is the point a which the titration is
complete , as determined by an indicator . This is ideally the same volume as the
equivalence point
The volume of added titrant at which the number of moles of
titrant is equal to the number of moles of analyte, or some multiple there of (as in
polyprotic acids). In the classic strong acid-strong base titration, the endpoint of a
titration is the point at which the pH of the reactant is just about equal to 7 , and
often when the solution takes on a persisting solid colour as in the pink of

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phenolphthalein indicator

Applications :
⇒ As one guava has a high content of vitamin C, one guava fruit contains
4 times more vitamin C than an average size and 10 times more vitamin A than a
lemon

⇒ It also contains vitamin B2,E and K, fiber , calcium copper folate , iron,
manganese, phosphorous and potassium. With all the nutrition that it provides, guava
hardly contains any fat. Moreover , it is one of the least chemically treated and
sprayed fruit
⇒ Some of the wider applications, guava is related to health, they are :
1.Immunity Booster
Vitamin C present in guava helps improve immunity and protects
us against common infections and pathogens
2.Lowers risk of cancer
Lycopene, quercetin, vitamin C and other polyphenols act as potent
antioxidants which neutrilize free radicals generated in thee body ,
preventing the growth of the cancer cells
3. Diabetes friendly
Due to rich fibre content and low glycaemic index ,, guavas
prevent the development of diabetes. While the low glyaemic index
inhibits a sudden spike in sugar levels, the fibre content ensures the
sugar levels are well regulated
4. Heart Healthy
Guavas improve the sodium and potassium balance of the
body , thereby regulating blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Guavas
Also help lower the levels of triglycerides and bad cholesterol(LDL)

5. Anti-Ageing Properties
Guavas are rich in vitamin A, vitamin C and antioxidants
like carotene and lycopene which help protect the skin from wrinkles. A
guava a day , keeps fine lines away
6. Good for our brain
Guavas contain vitamin B3 and vitamin B6, also known as
niacin and pyridoxine respectively, which help in improving blood

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circulation to the brain, stimulating cognitive function and relaxing the

nerves

Thus there are several aspects in which guava is helpful in maintaining our
physical and mental health

Chemical Equation :
2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2H2O + 4[o]
HOOC-COOH.2H2O + O → 2CO2 + 2H2Ox5
3MnO4+3H2SO4 + 5HOOC-COOH.2H2O →K2SO4+2MnSO4+18H20+10CO2

Procedure :
⇒ Weighed 50 g of fresh guava and crushed it to a fine pulp using pestle
and mortar
⇒ Transferred the crushed pulp to a beaker and add about 50 ml dilute
H2SO4 to it
⇒ Boiled the content for about 10 minutes. Cooled and filtered the
contents in a 100 ml measuring flask
⇒ Made up the volume 100 ml by adding sample amount of distilled
water
⇒ Took 20 ml of the solution from the flask and added 20 ml of dilute
sulphuric acid to it
⇒ Heated the mixture to about 60°C and titrated it against (n/10)KMnO4
solution