Name: Abdulrahman Salah El-din El-sayed Saleh ID: 2100454

Assignment 2

1. What does the state obligation to protect mean?

The “obligation to protect” requires states to protect

individual against abuses by non-state actors. The right
to education can serve as an example. The right of children
to education must be protected by the state from
interference and indoctrination by third parties, including
parents and the family, teachers and the school, religious,
sects, clans and business firms.

2. What does the state obligation to respect mean?

The State “obligation to respect” means that the state is

obliged to refrain from interfering. It entails the prohibition
of certain acts by governments that may undermine the
enjoyment of rights. For example, with regard to the right of
education, it means the governments must respect the
liberty of parents to establish private schools and ensure
the religious and moral education of their children in
accordance with their own convictions.

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3. Explain the State’s obligation to respect, to
protect and to fulfil for the following rights:
• Right to life
• Right to vote
• Right to health
• Right to work
• Right to education

Right to life

Respect The police shall not intentionally take the life of a

suspect to prevent his or her escape in the event of a
minor offence, such as theft.

Protection Life-threatening attacks by an individual against other

persons shall be crimes carrying appropriate penalties
under domestic criminal law. The police shall duly
investigate such crimes in order to bring the
perpetrators to justice.

Fulfilment The authorities shall take legislative and adminstrative

measures to reduce progressively child morality and
other types of morality whose underlying causes can be
combated.

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 Right to vote

Respect The authorities shall not interfere with the voting

procedure and shall respect the election results.

Protection The authorities shall not interfere with the voting

procedure and shall respect the election results.

Fulfilment The authorities shall organize free and fair elections and
ensure that as many citizens as possible can vote.

Right to health

Respect The authorities shall not restrict the right to health (inter
alia through forced sterilization or medical
experimentation).

Protection Female genital mutilation (FGM) shall be prohibited and

eradicated.

Fulfilment An adequate number of hospitals and other public

healthcare facilities shall provide services equally
accessible to all.

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 Right to education

Respect Governments must respect the liberty of parents to

establish private schools and to ensure the religious and
moral education of their children in accordance with their
own convictions.

Protection The right of children to education must be protected by

the State from interference and indoctrination by third
parties.

Fulfilment States must provide ways and means for free and
compulsory primary education for all, free secondary
education, higher education, vocational training, adult
education, and the elimination of illiteracy.

Right to work

Respect States parties to refrain from interfering directly or

indirectly with the enjoyment of that right.

Protection States parties to take measures that prevent third

parties from interfering with the enjoyment of the right
to work.

Fulfilment obligations to provide, facilitate and promote that right. It

implies that States parties should adopt appropriate
legislative, administrative, budgetary, judicial and other
measures to ensure its full realization.