TŘEBÍČ – HISTORY AND SIGHTS

Vypracoval: PhDr. Ivona Havlíčková

Tento projekt je spolufinancován z Evropského sociálního fondu a státního rozpočtu České republiky.
CONTENT
1 TŘEBÍČ.............................................................................................................................. 3

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3

1.2 Town History in Dates ............................................................................................... 5

1.2.1 Virtual Guide of the World Heritage UNESCO in Třebíč ................................. 8

1.3 Historical Sights ......................................................................................................... 9

1.3.1 The Highlands Museum ..................................................................................... 9

1.3.2 St. Procopius´ Basilica ..................................................................................... 10

1.3.3 The Jewish Quarter........................................................................................... 11

1.3.4 Charles Square.................................................................................................. 14

1.3.5 The Town Tower.............................................................................................. 16

1.3.6 St. Martin’s Church .......................................................................................... 16

1.3.7 Industrial Buildings of the 19th Century ........................................................... 17

1.3.8 Interwar Architecture ....................................................................................... 18

1.4 Třebíč Nowadays...................................................................................................... 20

2
1 TŘEBÍČ
1.1 Introduction
TŘEBÍČ: Something to see?
Yes: But when you have seen it once, you will want to come back again. WHY?

BECAUSE in this town everyone can find some things to like: historical and contemporary,
culture and sport, and other items of interest that can’t be found anywhere else!

BECAUSE it is the gateway to the natural beauty of the Czech-Moravian Highlands: deep
forests, the quiet or wild river Jihlava, places where you can be alone in the world.

In this region cheerfulness, wit and good sense are the way to solve all problems. Maybe
because this corner of Moravia has never been rich, the inhabitants are open and friendly. You
will discover this when you sit with them over a glass of wine or “slivovice” and over a dish
of the local highland speciality. It could happen that you wouldn’t want to leave!

VOCABULARY
contemporary současný wit důvtip
items of interest zajímavosti good sense zdravý rozum
gateway vstupní brána coat of arms erb
cheerfulness veselost

Coat of arms
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%99eb%C3%AD%C4%8D

Country the Czech Republic

Region Vysočina
District Třebíč
River Jihlava
Elevation 405 m (1,329 ft)
Area 57.6 km (22.2sq miles)
Population 38,678 (2009)
Density 671/km2 (1,738/sq miles)
First mentioned 1277
Mayor Ivo Uher
Postal code 674 01
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Name Jewish Quarter and St. Procopius Basilica in Třebíč
Year 2003

3
 Location in the Czech Republic

• Třebíč is a city in the Moravian part of the Vysočina Region.

• Třebíč is situated 35 km south-east of Jihlava and 65 km west of Brno on both
the banks of the river Jihlava.
• Třebíč is from about 400 to 600 metres above the sea-level.
• Třebíč has a temperate climate with occasional rains. An average annual temperature
is 7.5°C, the coldest month is January and the hottest month is July.
• Třebíč is an administrative and cultural centre of the Třebíč region with a population
of approximately 40,000.
• In the age of expansion in the 19th century Třebíč was the third most important town
in Moravia. The population growth started after the World War II.
• There are a lot of sights. The Jewish Quarter and St. Procopius’ Basilica are listed
among UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

VOCABULARY
sea level nadmořská výška expansion rozšíření, rozmach
temperate mírný growt nárůst
occasional příležitostný, občasný sight památka
average průměrný Jewish Quarter židovská čtvrt
annual roční list zapsat do seznamu
approximately přibližně, asi, kolem UNESCO World Heritage Site
světová památka UNESCO

View of the Jewish Quarter with St. Procopius’ Basilica in the background
4
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%99eb%C3%AD%C4%8D

1.2 Town History in Dates

1101 Moravian Přemyslides Oldřich Brněnský and Litold Znojemský founded
a Benedictine monastery.

1277 The oldest surviving document mentioning the town of Třebíč dates back to this year.
In it, Abbot Martin speaks about Heřman, a citizen of Třebíč, who is supposed to be
the town’s founder.

1335 Margrave Charles (the future Emperor Charles IV - Karel IV.) gave Třebíč town
rights according to the royal town of Znojmo.

1338 First references of Jewish settlement.

1468 Třebíč was conquered and burned down by Hungarian troops of Matthias Corvinus
(Matyáše Korvína), which then occupied also the monastery. The Czech-Hungarian
wars put an end to the existence of Třebíč as an abbatial town.

1490 Bohemian king Vladislas Jagiello (Vladislav Jagelonský) pledged the badly indebted
and reduced property of the Třebíč monastery to Vilém of Pernštejn, one
of the richest and most powerful noblemen in the country.

1556 Vratislav of Pernštejn got the Abbey of Třebíč and the Provostry of Měřín from King
Ferdinand I and decided to sell them immediately. The centre of the former
monastery together with the town of Třebíč was bought by Burian Osovský
of Doubravice, who laid the foundations of the Třebíč estate. Třebíč became
the centre of administration and the residential town of the new lords.

1583 Smil Osovský of Doubravice issued so-called Municipality to the citizens,

which stressed the importance of Třebíč as the market centre of the estate but reduced
the powers of the municipal council. Třebíč was more and more confronted
with strengthening pressure of the manor.

1614 Kateřina of Valdštejn, Smil Osovský’s widowed wife, married Karel of Žerotín
the elder, but the Třebíč estate stayed in her possession. The House of Valdštejn
owned it till 1945.

1671 The St Martin’s parish upgraded to deanery in times of parish priest Václav Vojtěch
Keil. This represents important symbol of success of Catholicism in the town.

1723 The Jewish ghetto was formally established in Podklášteří. Jan Josef of Valdštejn
ordered the Christian citizens whose houses were situated within the Jewish
settlement to exchange their properties with the Jews who owned houses
in the Christian section.

1821 - 1822 The early 1820s were another tragic era for Třebíč due to devastating fires.
In 1821 there was the last rebellion against forced labour in Moravia. Before
5
 the reconstruction of the buildings destroyed by the fire had been half finished,
another fire started, meaning the worst disaster for Třebíč since 1468.

1830 In the 1830s and 1840s natural disasters continued to trouble the city. In 1830 there
were severe floods. Between 1832 and 1836 the city of Třebíč was affected
by cholera.

19th century In this century there was a significant expansion of Třebíč tanneries, shoe
industry and draperies. Some other important guilds were soap makers, candle
makers, weavers and tailors. Tanner’s workshops gradually developed into small
production facilities. It was the factory operated by the Stařeč-based family
of Budischowskys, which developed into a leading tanning facility.

1863 The Municipal Saving Bank was founded. Its building in the central square was built
in 1932 according to the project of the Brno architect Bohuslav Fuchs.

1871 Lower Slavonic grammar school was established in Třebíč, the first Czech grammar
school in Western Moravia. Besední House, the future National House,
the organizational centre of cultural life in the town, was opened.

1879 František Kubeš founded soda water works (since 1925 the famous ZON).

1886 Třebíč became a part of the railway from Boží Požehnání (today Zastávka u Brna)
to Okříšky.

1899 The first stage of town’s electrification was completed. The Ganz Company
from Budapest built the first steam power plant on the place called Na Polance.

1931 The investor Tomáš Baťa bought the former Budischowskys‘ company. Starting
from 1936 new production facilities of Baťa’s Company were built here on the basis
of successful building modules designed in Zlín.

1939-1945 The period of Nazi occupation was fatal for Jews of Třebíč. Nazi genocide
finished the centuries-long Jewish settlement in Třebíč. 281 Jews were deported
to the concentration camp in Terezín and from there to extermination camps
in the East. Only 10 people survived and came back to Třebíč in 1945.

1970s-1980s Once again Třebíč experienced some big changes in its looks. This time thanks
to the construction of a nuclear power plant in nearby Dukovany. Population
increased, new housing estates were built as well as other facilities - a new health
centre, a bus station, a swimming pool etc.

1990s Fast renovation of the town

2003 New millennium in the history of Třebíč was opened by a very important event
in the cultural history of the town - inscription of St. Procopius’ Basilica
and the Jewish Quarter with the cemetery to the UNESCO World Heritage List.

6
 St. Procopius’ basilica Jewish Quarter - Rear (New) Synagogue
http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp? http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?
journey_id=1&lang_id=2 journey_id=1&lang_id=2

VOCABULARY
monastery klášter possession držení, majetek
abbot opat parish fara
citizen občan deanery děkanství
supposed to be být pokládán za parish priest farář
margrave markrabě Christian křesťanský
town rights městská práva forced labour robota
according to podle flood povodeň
Jewish settlement židovské osídlení affect postihnout
conquer dobýt significant významný
Hungarian troops uherská vojska tannery koželužství
occupy obsadit drapery bchod s textilem
abbatial opatské guild cech
pledge zastavit weaver tkadlec
indepted zadlužený tailor krejčí
property majetek, vlastnictví facility zařízení, vybavení
nobleman šlechtic Municipal Saving bank měst. spořitelna
provostry probošství railway železnice
Třebíč estate třebíčské panství steam power plant parní elektrárna
residential sídelní Nazi occupation nacistická okupace
issue vydat Jew Žid
Municipality to the citizens Zřízení městské extermination camp vyhlazovací tabor
municipal council městská rada nuclear power plant jaderná elektrárna
manor velkostatek, panství housing estate sídliště
own vlastnit inscription zápis

7
1.2.1 Virtual Guide of the World Heritage UNESCO in Třebíč
http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/

St. Procopius‘ basilica House No. 2

House No. 5 Town hall

Rabbi´s house Arch buttresses lane

Subak’s tannery Rear Synagogue

Poorhouse Wagon road

Hospital Jewish cemetery

VOCABULARY
town hall radnice Rear Synagogue Zadní synagoga
rabbi’s house rabinát poorhouse chudobinec
arch buttresses lane ulička s prampouchy wagon road vozová cesta
Subak’s tannery Subakova koželužna Jewish cemetery židovský hřbitov

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1.3 Historical Sights
1.3.1 The Highlands Museum
Třebíč has a lot of historical sights. The sightseeing tour of Třebíč starts near St. Procopius´
Basilica. In the past, there was a Benedictine Monastery founded in 1101 by the Moravian
Přemyslides. The rich monastery was an important religious, cultural and economic centre
and an important military stronghold. It could keep its position until the Hussite Wars. Its
decline culminated in 1468 when it was conquered by the Hungarian Army. At the beginning
of the 16th century it was rebuilt into an aristocratic palace. It was possessed by the Valdštejn
House from the early 17th century until its confiscation in 1945.

Today it houses the Highlands Museum (former West Moravian Museum) with unique
collections of Moravian moldavites, minerals and rocks, the world famous exposition
of and pipes and historical and ethnographical expositions. In the historically representative
room - Stone hall, decorated with coats of arms
of castle owners and their relatives, concerts, lectures
and selected cultural events take place.

Castle with St. Procopius’ basilica, seen from the west

http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?journey_id=1&lang_id=2

VOCABULARY
Benedictine Monastery benekdiktinský klášter pipe dýmka
religious náboženský Stone hall Kamenný sál
military stronghold vojenská pevnost coat of arms erb
Hussite Wars husitské války castle owner majitel zámku
posses vlastnit relative příbuzný
moldavite vltavín lecture přednáška
Christmas crib vánoční betlém selected vybraný

Stone hall of Třebíč castle The Highlands Museum - Christmas cribs

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1.3.2 St. Procopius´ Basilica
The abbot´s church, originally dedicated to Virgin Mary, was built in the early 13th century
as a part of the Benedictine Monastery founded in 1101. The basilica ranks among the pearls
of medieval architecture. Its Romanesque style shows also some Gothic elements.
The church was largely damaged when Třebíč was besieged by Hungarian troops in 1468.
Later it was repaired and adapted several times and since the early 16th century it was used
mostly for secular purposes for more than two centuries. After its renovation by the architect
František Maxmilian Kaňka in 1725-1731 it was used again for sacral purposes and dedicated
to St. Procopius. Kaňka replaced the damaged ceiling with a new Baroque vault. At that time
its two towers in the style of Baroque Gothic were built. The current interior of the basilica
dates from the 1930s and is due to the architect Kamil Hilbert. By removing the plaster he
displayed the stone beauty of medieval architecture. The interior is divided into three parts
by two arches.

View from the west of the pentagonal apse The interior of the basilica
with rose windows and dwarf gallery
http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp? http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?
journey_id=4&lang_id=2 journey_id=5&lang_id=2

Another valuable part of the basilica is the large Romanesque crypt where Moravian
members of the Přemyslides family were buried. Its Gothic vault is supported by 50 columns
and half-columns, of which each has a different column capital. The original ceiling timber
support between stone vault ribs, more than seven centuries old, evokes the medieval
atmosphere.

Crypt - Gothic ribbed vault

http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?journey_id=8&lang_id=2

In 2002, the basilica was proclaimed national cultural monument and on 3rd July 2003 it was
placed on the prestigious UNESCO World Heritage List.

10
VOCABULARY
dedicated zasvěcený display nechat vyniknout
rank patřit mezi arch oblouk
medieval středověký pentagonal apse pětiboká apsida
Romanesque románský rose window kruhové okno (rozeta)
Gothic gotický dwarf gallery trpasličí galerie
besiege obléhat valuable cenný, hodnotný
Hungarian troops uherská vojska crypt krypta
secular světský support podepřít
sacral bohoslužebný column sloup
Baroque vault barokní klenba column capital hlavice sloupu
current dnešní, současný ceiling timber support výdřeva stropu
due to vděčit (za) stone vault ribs kamenná žebra klenby
plaster omítka proclaim prohlásit

1.3.3 The Jewish Quarter

1.3.3.1 Introduction
The Jewish Quarter of Třebíč, also placed on the prestigious UNESCO World Heritage List
on 3rd July 2003, is a unique document of Jewish culture in Moravia and the only Jewish
monument outside Israel specifically placed on the UNESCO List. The area still exhibits its
historical layout and structure that has developed in the limited area between the Jihlava
River and the hill of Hrádek. The Quarter exhibits a mysterious atmosphere with its tortuous
streets, dark nooks, vaulted passages and other typical features. Unforgettable view
of the romantic Jewish Quarter roofs can be enjoyed from Hrádek Hill.

Today, no original population is available in the former

Jewish Quarter. Therefore, many buildings, such
as the town hall, rabbi´s office, hospital, poorhouse
or school, do not serve their original purpose any more.

The view of the Jewish quarter roofs from Hrádek Hill

http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?journey_id=40&lang_id=2

VOCABULARY
Jewish Quarter židovská čtvrt unforgettable nezapomenutelný
exhibit dávat najevo,vystavovat view výhled na
historical layout historický půdorys roof střecha
mysterious tajemný, tajuplný available k dispozici
tortuous křivolaký town hall radnice
nook kout poorhouse chudobinec
vaulted passages klenutý průchod

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1.3.3.2 Some History
Jews were settled near the Benedictine monastery as early as in the Middle Ages. Their
presence is documented for the first time in 1338. The next written information of Jews
of Třebíč refers to the period before 1410.

We can meet Jewish families in the documents from the end of the 16th century, for example
in places called Stařečka and Podklášteří. However, the ghetto was established as late
as in 1723. That year, the estate owner, Jan Josef of Valdštejn, ordered the last Christian
inhabitants of Podklášteří to sell their properties to Jews settled among the Christians
in Podklášteří. Four years later, plans for building of separating walls were elaborated.
In addition to the orders of the authority, also natural conditions were determining
the development of the Jewish ghetto. The centre of the Jewish settlement was where today is
Tiché Square and spread out to the north as well. Other buildings were along the river Jihlava,
which formed the natural boundary of the ghetto. From the north, the area was limited
by the rock massif of Hrádek. The western boundary was set out by Christian houses
along the road to the castle.

VOCABULARY
settle sídlit, usadit se Christian křesťanský
Middle Ages středověk property majetek
presence přítomnost elaborate pečlivě vypracovat
estate owner majitel (třebíčského) panství authority vrchnost
order přikázat, nařídit boundary hranice

1.3.3.3 The Front (Old) Synagogue

In the Jewish Quarter there are two synagogues. The Front (Old) Synagogue lies
on the former ghetto‘s western border. The Baroque building was constructed in 1639-1642
replacing an older wooden sanctuary. The largest adaptations followed the fire that took
place in 1857. The synagogue underwent Neo-Gothic renovation in the next year.
The traditional interior layout provided 114 places for men in the hall and 80 places
for women on the gallery. Since the beginning of the 1950s, the Front Synagogue has been
used by the Czechoslovak Hussite Church for its
divine services.

A metal box with a commemorative paper

describing the past of the synagogue
and with a list of the holocaust victims in Třebíč
was immured in the vestibule.

The overall view of the present Neo-Gothic appearance of the synagogue

http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?journey_id=17&lang_id=2

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VOCABULARY
border okraj divine service bohoslužba
wooden sanctuary dřevěná svatyně commemorative paper pamětní listina
underwent podrobila se (čemu) victim oběť
layout uspořádání, úprava immur zazdít
Hussite Church husitská církev appearance vzhled

1.3.3.4 The Rear (New) Synagogue

The Rear (New) Synagogue was built about 1669 in Renaissance style and decorated
with stucco. After 1837, a new part of women's gallery was added to its northern part
(according to Jewish religious traditions men and women were not allowed to share the same
space in the sanctuary). Since 1925, the synagogue has not been used any more for religious
purposes and was converted into a storehouse. Due to lack of maintenance the structure fell
into disrepair in the 1980s. The complex and expensive full renovation was completed
in 1997 and the synagogue was reopened in that year. Both experts and common visitors will
particularly appreciate the mural paintings in its interior dating from the early 18th century.
Today, the synagogue is used for exhibitions, concerts, and other cultural events.

A permanent exhibition of Jewish culture is available in the former women´s gallery,

displaying many valuable objects used in secular and religious life of the former Jewish
community whose last page of history was written by the holocaust during the Second World
War.

The Synagogue and entrance to the Information centre from Subakova Street
http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?journey_id=26&lang_id=2

VOCABULARY
Rear Synagogue zadní synagoga due to lack kvůli zanedbání
stucco štukatura maintenance stavební údržba
religious náboženský disrepair havarijní stav
sanctuary svatostánek particularly především, zvláště
convert přeměnit appreciate ocenit
storehouse skladiště mural paintings nástěnné malby

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1.3.3.5 The Jewish Cemetery

The Jewish Cemetery was established behind the town, over the Týnský Brook, probably
in the early 17th century (the first written document mentioning the cemetery dates
from 1636), and was extended in 1888 by adding a new
area. With its size of almost 12,000 m2 it ranks
among the largest Jewish cemeteries in the country.
The burial-ground, surrounded by a massive stone wall,
contains about 11,000 graves and almost 3,000
Renaissance, Baroque and Classicist tombstones
(the oldest one dates from 1625), including some
valuable stones of Baroque and Neo-Classical type.

Plate tombstones sunk vertically into the Earth

http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?journey_id=35&lang_id=2

VOCABULARY
establish založit Renaissance renesanční
rank patřit mezi Classicist klasicistní
burial-ground pohřebiště tombstone náhrobek
grave hrob

1.3.4 Charles Square

In the central part of the town there is Charles Square - the original square
from the 13th century when it was founded as a large marketplace in the medieval colony.
With its 22,000 m2, Charles square ranks among the largest squares in the Czech Republic.
The dimension clearly states the large scale economic intentions of the Benedictine
monastery. On both sides of the square, there are houses with historical facades
and in the middle there is the sculpture of St. Cyril and Methodius. The only place suitable
for realization of such spectacular project was the floodplain of the river Jihlava. Until 1887,
the square was decorated by three fountains fed from local ponds. The water supply system
was led to the square as early as in the 16th century.

Charles square Sculpture of St. Cyril and Methodius

14
VOCABULARY
marketplace tržiště
state vypovídat (o něčem)
scale economic intentions velkorysé hospodářské záměr
sculpture of St. Cyril and Methodius sousoší sv. Cyrila a Metoděje
spectacular velkolepý
floodplain naplavenina
fountain kašna
water supply system vodovod

Here we can find some interesting historical buildings such as the Painted House -
the Renaissance house from the late 16th century with sgraffito decorations. It was built
by the request of the merchant of Venice Francesco Calligardo from Lombardie for his dear
girlfriend. The graffito decoration had been painted over for along time and its renewal was
finished in 1903 by Josef Kozlanský, a teacher of the Grammar school in Třebíč. These days
the weddings usually take place there, there is a gallery and an information tourist centre
downstairs.

Painted House with oriel at the corner Black House

of Charles square

The next house worth seeing is the Black House with sgraffito facade with figures
representing human virtues from the 17th century. It is the house of Jan Rábl, a citizen
of Třebíč, soap maker and mayor. He had the original house rebuilt and its fasade newly
decorated with sgraffito depicting allegories of virtues (Faith, Mercy, Hope, Justice,
Wisdom and Glory), hunting scenes and Roman Emperors.

VOCABULARY
Painted House Malovaný dům mayor rychtář
sgraffito decorations zdobený sgrafity depicting představující
request žádost, prosba Faith Víra
merchant kupec Mercy Milosrdenství
painted over zalíčit, zabílit Hope Naděje
renewal obnova Justice Spravedlnost
wedding svatba Wisdom Moudrost
Black House Černý dům Glory Sláva
human virtue lidská ctnost hunting scene lovecký výjev
soap maker mydlářský mistr oriel arkýř

15
1.3.5 The Town Tower
Above the central historical part of the town there is the Town
Tower which was a part of the town fortification. The first
written notes about the tower date back to the beginning
of the 15th century. In the 18th century it was appended
to St. Martin’s Church. The total height of the tower
from ground level to the top of the cross is 75 metres
and the dimensions of the base are 11,5m by 11,5m. The balcony
is at the height of 35 metres, the cross is 4 metres high and also
acts as weathervane. The diameter of the clock face is
5.5 metres, the height of the numerals is 60 centimetres
and the clocks are considered to be the largest in Europe.

Town tower seen from Masarykovo square

VOCABULARY
Town Tower městská věž ground level terén
town fortification opevnění města cross kříž
append připojit weathervane korouhvička
St. Martin’s Church kostel Sv. Martina diameter průměr
height výška clock face ciferník

1.3.6 St. Martin’s Church

Building of St. Martin’s church started at the end of 1360s. It stood
originally outside the town settlement and was incorporated
into the town area in the mid-14th century. The original look
of the church was Gothic, but only presbytery and two fields
of the cross vault are preserved from this period. The iron door
in the sacristy is from the late Gothic period. In 1671 the church
was upgraded from parish church to deanery. Baroque
adaptation took place in the 1640s and at the same time the altar
of St. Wenceslas as well as the organ were made. The chapels
of St. Anna and St. Joseph were added to the building
at the beginning of the 18th century when the church was also
connected with the neighbouring town tower.

Dean’s church of St. Martin

VOCABULARY
town settlement městská zástavba parish church farní kostel
incorporate začlenit deanery děkanství
presbytery kněžiště, presbytář organ varhany
cross vault křížová klenba chapel kaple
preserve zachovat se neighbouring sousední, vedle stojící

16
1.3.7 Industrial Buildings of the 19th Century
1.3.7.1 The Windmill on Kanciborek
When the Budischowsky Company began to expand, they had
a new mill built in 1836 for coarse-grinding of mainly spruce
bark for tan used at processing of leather. A Dutch-type mill
from stone and bricks was erected. It was a peak-roofed shingled
tower with diameter of eight meters. On each floor there were
three windows, on the top floor there were four. The mill served
the needs of tanners until the mid-19th century when it was
substituted by a steam engine. Then it was used as dwelling
and in 1977 the mill was adapted as a technical monument.

The Windmill on Kanciborek

VOCABULARY
windmill větrný mlýn brick cihla
coarse-grinding (hrubé) mletí peak-roofed shingled špičatou šindel. střechou
spruce bark smrková kůra tanner koželuh
tan tříslo substitute nahradit
processing of leather zpracování kůže steam engine parní stroj
Dutch-type holandského typu dwelling obydlí

1.3.7.2 “ZON”
In the second half of the 19th century a production of carbonated waters, later flavoured
by fruit syrups, developed in Central Europe. As one of the first, František Kubeš established
production of such drinks in Třebíč in 1879. Since 1901 the products had been marked
with a trademark in the form of a star with initials F. K. 1879. In the same year these
products were awarded the Golden medal
at the international exhibition in Paris. After that
the factory was several times enlarged
and especially after the World War I
the production and distribution was significantly
modernized. In 1925 a new name of the company
”ZON” (abbreviation of Zdravotní osvěžující
nápoje - Medical Refreshing Beverages) was
registered which became the second trademark.
At that time 0.33 litre bottles were introduced
which have been used up to the present.
“ZON”

VOCABULARY
carbonated water stolní voda osvěžená kysličníkem uhličitým
flavour ochutit be awarded být oceněn
establish založit significantly významný
trademark ochranná známka abbreviation zkratka
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1.3.8 Interwar Architecture
1.3.8.1 The Former Saving Bank
The former saving bank in Charles Square is connected
with the name of architect Bohuslav Fuchs who is also the author
of other functionalist buildings in Třebíč. The house
of the municipal saving bank was built between 1932 and 1933
on the site of a former Renaissance corner house and it has all
elements typical for functionalism - harmony of the inner layout
with the outward appearance, usage of contemporary materials
(glass, iron-concrete, ceramic wall tiling), light as a special
composition element. The appearance of the building as well as
part of the interiors survived, today it is listed as a registered
monument.

The former saving bank in Charles Square

VOCABULARY
municipal městský iron-concrete železobeton
inner layout vnitřní členění ceramic wall tiling keramické obklady
outward appearance vnější vzhled

1.3.8.2 The River Bath

Bohuslav Fuchs was also entrusted with building of the municipal swimming bath
in the 1930s. The individual colours of the bathhouse - yellow, blue and red - separate the
panels and carrying elements. After the 1950s the interest in the river bath decreased and in
1977 the baths were substituted by three pools
with warmed-up water and sanitary facilities.
Since 1994 there has been a winding slide.

The river bath in Polanka

VOCABULARY
entrust pověřit decrease upadat
worth seeing stát za vidění pool bazén
bathhouse budova šaten sanitary facilities sociální zařízení
panel výplň winding slide tobogán
carrying elements nosné prvky

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1.3.8.3 Borovina Works

The tanning and shoe making have long tradition in Třebíč. This tradition was resumed
by Tomáš Baťa who bought the factory in Borovina in 1931. The building of the Baťa works
was completed in 1936. Even today we can see two five-storey buildings in which shoes
and hosiery were produced. Their still modern look can be contributed to combination
of reinforced concrete frame, large glazed walls and fair-face brickwork. The project
of the Borovina works buildings was made
by Vladimír Karfík, the chief of the Baťa planning
office in Zlín. Building of houses for workers
according to the houses in Zlín began just
after the purchase of the factory by Tomáš Baťa.
They serve their owners up to the present days,
although they were originally intended to function
for 20 years only. Also the production of shoes
and hosiery goes on, but it has been radically
decreased.

Building built in the 19th century by Budischowsky Company

VOCABULARY
tanning making koželužská výroba reinforced concrete frame železobeton. skelet
resume pokračovat glazed wall prosklená stěna (plocha)
five-storey pětiposchoďový fair-face brickwork režné cihlové zdivo
hosiery punčochové zboží according to podle (něčeho)
look vzhled purchase koupě
contribute přispět intend zamýšlet

1.3.8.4 Building of UP Works

The rondocubistic building of Industrial Art
Works (Uměleckoprůmyslové závody) was
built in 1926 and was used by a furniture-
making factory. It is a four-storey building
with a rectangular layout. The roof is flat,
above the northern fasade there is an arched
cornice. The whole building is completed
with geometric shapes both in the exterior
and in the interior. Nowadays the building is
empty.
Northern fasade of the building of UP
works with arched cornice

VOCABULARY
rectangular layout obdélníkový půdorys shape tvar
arched cornice lomená nadstřešní římsa intended zamýšlený
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1.4 Třebíč Nowadays
The new buildings are not very significant. Some housing estates and new houses have been
built, a new health centre, a swimming pool, some new banks, shopping centres, shops as well
as some hotels, restaurants and pubs. These days a lot of prefab houses are being revitalized
and the housing estates start to have a new colourful look.

Třebíč is an educational centre of our region. There are several primary schools here
and some secondary schools e.g. Grammar school and Catholic grammar school, Academy
of commerce, the Secondary integrated technical school, Secondary school of civil
engineering, Secondary school for vets, agriculture and health workers, Secondary hotel
school as well as some apprenticeships preparing shop assistants, cooks, electricians,
bricklayers, plumbers and others for their professions. Since 2003 there has also been
a university - Westmoravian College Třebíč.

Třebíč is a cultural centre of our region, too. One can also go to the cinema, to music clubs,
discos; just have a chat or enjoy meal in one of numerous restaurants, cafes, tea rooms or bars.
It is also possible to visit exhibitions in art galleries or in the museum. You can see
a lot of theatre performances, music bands and singers in the multicultural centre Pasáž
and in the National House. Also quite a lot of annual festivals take place in Třebíč
e. g. Theatre of 2-3-4 actors - the festival of professional theatres (each year in March),
Zámostí - a cultural and music festival (June), Třebíč festival of Jewish Culture (July),
Medieval UNESCO celebration - celebrates the city entrance to the UNESCO list (the end
of August) etc.

As for sport there are enough

opportunities to relax and practise sport -
the Polanka swimming centre
with minigolf and an outdoor centre,
an indoor swimming pool Laguna, an ice-
hockey rink, sport stadiums and halls,
gyms, parks, bike trails throughout
the countryside around Třebíč, in winter
trails for cross-country skiing etc.

View of Třebíč from Hrádek Hill

VOCABULARY
significant významný plumber instalatér, klempíř
housing estates sídliště permanent stálý
prefab house panelák performance představení
educational vzdělávací annual každoroční
grammar school gymnázium opportunity příležitost
academy of commerce obchodní akademie ice-hockey rink zimní stadion
vet veterinář bike trail cyklistická stezka
agriculture zemědělství countryside venkov
apprenticeship učňovské školy cross-country skiing běžecké lyžování
bricklayer zedník
20
Sources
Informační a turistické centrum , Karlovo náměstí 53, 674 01 Třebíč

Třebíč-Historie a památky, město Třebíč, 2006

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%99eb%C3%AD%C4%8D
http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/
http://www.trebic.cz/unesco/journey.asp?journey_id=1-40&lang_id=2
http://www.trebic.cz
http://www.mkstrebic.cz
http://unesco.kr-vysocina.cz
http://www.zamek-trebic.cz
http://www.apage.cz

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