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First published for whoisdustin.

com in 2015

This edition published in 2015

Copyright © Dustin Watchman 2015

Dustin Watchman has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in
accordance with the Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act of 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.

Copies are available at special rates for bulk orders. Contact Dustin Watchman on the
contact page at www.whoisdustin.com/contact

For other educational, motivational, and inspirational materials, visit

www.whoisdustin.com
Praise for the

KISS Grammar Guide

“No more Chinglish, please! By using this book and learning English
with simple English, I now know what good grammar should be.”

-Shilei Sun, Student, China

“This grammar guide, written by Dustin, is great for those who want to
improve their grammar skills. As a business man I used it a lot in my
business communications especially when writing an e-mail for a customer
or a distributor. One of my customers in Sri Lanka told me that my emails
had changed and he thought I had hired a secretary.”

-Mahmoud Olabi, Manager at Olabi Coffee

United Arab Emirates

“The hard work put into making a comprehensive and simply


understandable grammar guide was elegantly accomplished with this book.
It is a practical tool that can assist students in the beginning stages of their
English language learning, and can also provide review and practice for the
more advanced students in their continued language learning courses. This
book has greatly help the Laureate English department in providing
additional resources to our students to better their overall learning
experience.”

-Pierre Bourgoin, Laureate English Department Director

Bangkok, Thailand
This grammar guide is dedicated to all my students of
the past, present and far into the future.
-Dustin Watchman
Table of contents

Future Tense
Preface

Definitions of terms

Chapter 1 Simple Future 1

Function -Why do we use this form? 3

Form -How do we use this form? 9

Simple Future Practice Worksheet 15

Chapter 2 Future Continuous 17

Function -Why do we use this form? 19

Form -How do we use this form? 25

Future Continuous Practice Worksheet 31

Chapter 3 Future Perfect 33

Function -Why do we use this form? 35

Form -How do we use this form? 39

Future Perfect Practice Worksheet 46

Chapter 4 Future Perfect Continuous 49

Function -Why do we use this form? 51

Form -How do we use this form? 57

Future Perfect Continuous Practice Worksheet 63

Grammar Cheat Sheet 65

Additional Resources 68
Preface
In 2011, I embarked on a journey to explore the globe, live for extended
periods of time in many countries, and to meet as many people as I could to
learn about international cultures and how we form opinions about each other
as a human race based on our perceived biases. To accomplish this journey, I
decided that teaching the English language would suit me best in my pursuit
of learning from others. I deeply believe that as a teacher, you can learn
incredible amounts of knowledge from your students. Or, as some would say,
learning is a two way street.

By 2014, I had the privilege of having worked in colleges and


universities in Saudi Arabia, Oman, Dubai and Sharjah in the United Arab
Emirates, and Thailand. My students have taught me many things along the
way, but in regards to grammar they taught me that they wanted something
simple, clear, and concise. A peer teacher had also taught me along the way
that if you can simplify grammar down to its “Function” and “Form” then
students tend to grasp the learning process much better.

From the input of the students and fellow teachers, I set out to create a
simplified 3 part grammar guide. Each individual book in the series would
cover each of the tenses: Present, Past, and Future. It is color coded for easy
visual references and provides minimal, but effective, worksheets for
immediate practice, as well as additional references for more help.

I would like to thank Tony, because without his expertise in “Function”


and “Form” this guide would have never come to fruition. I would also like to
thank David Perlaza for his willingness to support me 97% in completing this
project and providing immense support in the graphics and anything
computer related. I hope to gain the other 3% support upon success of this
guide with students throughout the world. Last, I want to thank everyone that
continues to teach me. Without all of you I couldn’t maintain the drive to
deliver useful products to do my part in creating a positive world that we can
all share together.

Dustin Watchman
February 15, 2015
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Adjective: A word or phrase naming an attribute, added to or
grammatically related to a noun to modify or describe it.

Modal verb: a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality –


that is, likelihood, ability, or permission.

Noun: A word (other than a pronoun) used to identify any of a class of


people, places, or things common noun.

Object: A word or phrase that usually completes a sentence in multiple


grammatical forms.

Past participle: the form of a verb, typically ending in -ed in English,


that is used in forming perfect and passive tenses

Present Participle: the form of a verb, ending in -ing in English,


which is used in forming continuous tenses,

Subject: A word or phrase that usually explains who or what the


sentence is about.

Verb TO BE: The verb to be is the most irregular verb in the English
language. It is normally a linking verb showing existence or the condition of
the subject.

1st person: Singular form of the first person is written as “I”. The plural
form including others and yourself is “we”.

2nd person: The second person uses “you”, “your”, and “yours” when
referring to the subject.

3rd person: The third person uses “he”, “she”, and “it” when referring to
the subject.
Instructions on how to best use this grammar guide.
This grammar guide is 4 chapters.
Simple Future
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous

Each chapter is in two parts.


PART 1: Each chapter starts with the WHY we use this form of grammar. It explains different
situations that you would need to use this particular part of grammar.

PART 2: The second half of each chapter explains the HOW to use it. This is the specific
grammar sentence structure.

The grammar guide is color coded to help you understand


positive and negative sentences.
GREEN indicates sentences that are positive. (+)

RED indicates sentences that are negative. (-)

BLUE indicates examples for each grammar structure using each


subject;
“I, you, he, she, it, we, they”
1

Chapter 1

SIMPLE FUTURE

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“The future will bring new change for a


better world.”
-Dustin Watchman

SIMPLE
FUTURE

future
perfect
Future future
continuous
continuous
Tense
future
perfect

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Simple Future

FUNCTIONS

“Why” we use the Simple Future

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4

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Simple Future Tense


4 General Functions

FUNCTION 1: “will” to Express a Voluntary Action

"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is
one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to
someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that
someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or
"won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.

Examples:

 (+) I will study English when I go to class.


 (+) I’ll study English when I go to class.
 (-) She will not study English after school.
 (-) She won’t study English after school.
 (?) Will I study English?

FUNCTION 2: “will” to express a Promise


HINT “Will” is usually used in promises.

Examples:

 (+) I will help you study English.


 (-) We won’t stop until you understand English grammar.

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FUNCTION 3: “Be going to” to Express a Plan


"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person
intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or
not.

Examples:

 (+) I am going to study English at my university.


 (-) He is not going to study English outside of school.

FUNCTION 4: “will” or “Be going to” to Express


a Prediction
Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the
future. Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future.

HINT In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little control over the future
and therefore FUNCTIONS 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no
difference in meaning.

 (+) Learning English in university will be easy with friends.


 (+) Learning English in university is going to be easy with friends.
 (-) I won’t fail my English class.
 (-) I am not going to fail my English class.

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IMPORTANT

In the Simple Future, it is not always clear which FUNCTION the speaker has in mind.
Often, there is more than one way to interpret a sentence's meaning.

No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with time
expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc.
Instead of Simple Future, Simple Present is used.

*KISS Grammar Guide – Preset Tense can be downloaded at www.whoisdustin.com

Examples:

 When you will arrive tonight, we will study English.


Not Correct - Simple Future
 When you arrive tonight, we will study English.
Correct - Simple Present

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Simple Future

FORMS
“How” we use the Simple Future

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Simple Future Forms

VERB FORM
[will + VERB]

[Be + going to + VERB]

Using "will"

Positive (+) Subject will Verb Object .


+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not Verb Object .

Question (?) Will Subject Verb Object ?


+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject Verb Object ?

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I will study…  I will not study…  Will I study...?


 You will study…  You will not study…  Will you study…?
 He will not study…  Will he study…?
 He will study...
 She will not study…  Will she study…?
 She will study…
 It will not study…  Will it study…?
 It will study…  We will not study…
 Will we study…?
 We will study…  They will not study…
 Will they study…?
 They will study…
 Where will we
study …?

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Using "Be going to" HINT Be = am/are/is

Positive (+) Subject Be going to Verb Object .


+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject Be not going to Verb Object .

Question (?) Be Subj going to Verb Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- Be Subj going to Verb Object ?

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I am going to  I am not going to  Am I going to


study… study… study...?
 You are going to  You are not going  Are you going to
study… to study… study…?
 He is going to  He is not going to  Is he going to
study... study… study…?
 She is going to  She is not going  Is she going to
study… to study… study…?
 It is going to  It is not going to  Is it going to
study… study… study…?
 We are going to  We are not going  Are we going to
study… to study… study…?
 They are going to  They are not  Are they going to
study… going to study… study…?
 Where are they
going to study
…?

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Adverb Placement: Sentence Structure

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.

HINT “Will” can also be replaced with “Be going to” in statements.

Positive (+) Subject will Adv Verb Object .


+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not Adv Verb Object .

Using "will"

Question (?) Will Subj Adverb Verb Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subj Adverb Verb Object ?

Using "Be going to"

Question going
Be Subj Adv Verb Object ?
(?) to
+ + + + + + +
Question going
Wh- Be Subj Adv Verb Object ?
(?) to

Examples:

 (+) I will only study English.


 (+) I am going to only study English.
 (-) You won’t only study English.
 (-) You aren’t going to only study English.

 (?) Will he only study English?


 (?) Why will he only study English?
 (?) Are they going to only study English?
 (?) Why are they going to only study English?

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Active / Passive Voice: Sentence Structure


The active voice is a writing technique in which the subject of the sentence is doing the action, in
contrast to the passive voice in which the subject of the sentence is being acted upon.

Examples:

 I will study English at school. ACTIVE


 English will be studied at school. PASSIVE
* The verb “study” becomes past tense “studied” and comes after “be”.

 I won’t study English at school. ACTIVE


 English won’t be studied at school. PASSIVE
* The verb “study” becomes past tense “studied” and comes after “be”.

 I am going to study English at school. ACTIVE


 English is going to be studied at school. PASSIVE
* The verb “study” becomes past tense “studied” and comes after “be”.

 I am not going to study English at school. ACTIVE


 English isn’t going to be studied at school. PASSIVE
* The verb “study” becomes past tense “studied” and comes after “be”.

NOTES___________________________________________________________

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Simple Future Worksheet - using “will”


Positive (+) Subject will Verb Object .
+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not Verb Object .

Question (?) Will Subject Verb Object ?


+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject Verb Object ?

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Will I______________________________________________________________________


(?) Will you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will he_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will she____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will it______________________________________________________________________
(?) Will we____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will they___________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

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Simple Future Worksheet - using “Be going to”


Positive (+) Subject Be going to Verb Object .
+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject Be not going to Verb Object .

Question
Be Subj going to Verb Object ?
(?)
+ + + + + +
Question
Wh- Be Subj going to Verb Object ?
(?)

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Am I_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Are you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Is he_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is she______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is it________________________________________________________________________
(?) Are we_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Are they____________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

Good job on completing the Simple Future Tense!

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Chapter 2

FUTURE
CONTINUOUS

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“The world will be waiting for you to


help others in need.”
-Dustin Watchman

simple
future

future
perfect
Future FUTURE
CONTINUOUS
continuous
Tense
future
perfect

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Future Continuous

FUNCTIONS

“Why” we use the Future Continuous

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Future Continuous Tense


4 General Functions

FUNCTION 1: Interrupted Action in the Future

Use the Future Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the future will be
interrupted by a shorter action in the future. Remember this can be a real interruption or
just an interruption in time.

Examples:

 (+) I will be studying English when you call me tonight.


 (-) You won’t be studying when you go home after class.

 (+) I am going to be studying English when you call me tonight.


 (-) You aren’t going to be studying when you go home after class.

HINT Notice in the examples above that the interruptions (underlined and in red) are
in Simple Present rather than Simple Future. This is because the interruptions are in
time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.

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FUNCTION 2: Specific Time as an Interruption in


the Future

In FUNCTION 1, described above, the Future Continuous is interrupted by a short


action in the future. In addition to using short actions as interruptions, you can also use
a specific time as an interruption.

 (+) Tonight at 1800 (6pm) I will be studying English.


HINT I will be in the process of studying English

REMEMBER

In the Simple Future, a specific time is used to show the time an action will begin or
end. In the Future Continuous, a specific time interrupts the action.

 (+) Tonight at 1800 (6pm) I am going to study English.


HINT I am going to start studying at 1800 (6pm). – Simple Future
 (+) Tonight at 1800 (6pm) I am going to be studying English.
HINT I am going to start earlier and I will be in the process of studying at
1800 (6pm). – Future Continuous

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FUNCTION 3: Parallel Actions in the Future

When you use the Future Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it
expresses the idea that both actions will be happening at the same time. The actions
are parallel.

Examples:

 (+) I am going to be studying and you are going to be sleeping.


 (+) We are going to be studying grammar, practicing pronunciation, and
you are going to be sleeping.
 (+) While I am studying, you are going to be sleeping.

HINT NOTICE "AM STUDYING" BECAUSE OF THE TIME CLAUSE CONTAINING "WHILE."
(SEE EXPLANATION BELOW)

FUNCTION 4: Atmosphere in the Future


In English, we often use a series of Parallel Actions to describe atmosphere at a specific
point in the future.

Examples:

 When I arrive at my graduation party, everybody is going to be celebrating.


Some will be dancing. Others are going to be singing. A few people will be
eating all the free food, and several people are going to be drinking the
beverages.

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REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future tenses, the Future Continuous cannot be used in clauses beginning with
time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless,
etc. Instead of Future Continuous, Present Continuous is used.

*KISS Grammar Guide – Present Tense can be downloaded at www.whoisdustin.com

Examples:
 While I am going to be studying English, she is going sleep.
Not Correct - Future Continuous
 While I am studying English, she is going to sleep.
Correct - Present Continuous

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any


continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be
used in continuous tenses.

HINT Instead of using Future Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple
Future.

Examples:
 We will be being at school when you arrive. Not Correct -Future Continuous
 We will be at school when you arrive. Correct -Simple Future

NOTES___________________________________________________________

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Future Continuous

FORMS
“How” we use the Future Continuous

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Future Continuous Forms

VERB FORM
[will be + present participle]

[am/is/are + going to be + present participle]

Using "will be"


*NOTICE “will be” stays the same. It is NOT the “Be” verb.
Positive (+) Subject will *be Verbing Object .
+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not *be Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject *be Verbing Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject *be Verbing Object ?

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I will be  I will not be  Will I be


studying… studying... studying...?
 You will be  You will not be  Will you be
studying... studying... studying...?
 He will be  He will not be  Will he be
studying... studying... studying...?
 She will be  She will not be  Will she be
studying... studying... studying...?
 It will be  It will not be  Will it be
studying… studying… studying...?
 We will be  We will not be  Will we be
studying... studying... studying...?
 They will be  They will not be  Will they be
studying... studying... studying...?
 Where will he be
studying…?

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Using "Be going to"


*NOTICE – This “Be” verb changes to am/is/are * “be” does not
Positive going
Subject Be *be Verbing Object .
(+) to
+ + + + + + +
Negative going
Subject Be not *be Verbing Object .
(-) to

Question
Be Subject going to *be Verbing Object ?
(?)
+ + + + + +
Question
Wh- + Be Subject going to *be Verbing Object ?
(?)

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I am going to be  I am not going to be  Am I going to be


studying… studying… studying...?
 You are going to  You are not going to  Are you going to be
be studying… be studying… studying...?
 He is going to be  He is not going to be  Is he going to be
studying… studying… studying...?
 She is going to be  She is not going to be  Is she going to be
studying… studying… studying...?
 It is going to be  It is not going to be  Is it going to be
studying… studying… studying...?
 We are going to  We are not going to be  Are we going to be
be studying… studying… studying...?
 They are going to  They are not going to  Are they going to be
be studying… be studying… studying...?
 Where is he going to
be studying…?

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Adverb Placement: Sentence Structure


The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.

HINT “Will” can also be replaced with “Be going to” in statements.

* “be” does not change

Positive
Subj will Adv *be Verbing Object .
(+)
+ + + + + + +
Negative
Subj will not Adv *be Verbing Object .
(-)

Using "will" * “be” does not change

Question
Will Subj Adverb *be Verbing Object ?
(?)
+ + + + + + +
Question
Wh- will Subj Adverb *be Verbing Object ?
(?)

Using "Be going to" * “be” does not change

Question going
Be Subj Adv *be Verbing Obj ?
(?) to
+ + + + + + + +
Question going
Wh- Be Subj Adv *be Verbing Obj ?
(?) to

Examples:

 (+) I will only be studying English.


 (+) I am going to only be studying English.
 (-) You won’t only be studying English.
 (-) You aren’t going to only be studying English.

 (?) Will he only be studying English?


 (?) Why will he only be studying English?
 (?) Are they going to only be studying English?
 (?) Why are they going to only be studying English?

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Active / Passive Voice: Sentence Structure


The active voice is a writing technique in which the subject of the sentence is doing the action, in
contrast to the passive voice in which the subject of the sentence is being acted upon.

Examples:

 Tonight, I will be teaching a class at school. ACTIVE


 Tonight, a class will be being taught at school. PASSIVE

 Tonight, I am going to be teaching classes at school. ACTIVE


 Classes are going to be being taught at school. PASSIVE

HINT Passive forms of the Future Continuous are not common.

NOTES___________________________________________________________

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Future Continuous Worksheet - Using "will be"


*NOTICE “will be” stays the same. It is NOT the “Be” verb.
Positive (+) Subject will *be Verbing Object .
+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not *be Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject *be Verbing Object ?


+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- + will Subject *be Verbing Object ?

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Will I______________________________________________________________________


(?) Will you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will he_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will she____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will it______________________________________________________________________
(?) Will we____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will they___________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

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Future Continuous Worksheet - Using "Be going to"


Positive going
Subject Be *be Verbing Object .
(+) to
+ + + + + + +
Negative going
Subject Be not *be Verbing Object .
(-) to

Question going
Be Subject *be Verbing Object ?
(?) to
+ + + + + +
Question going
Wh- + Be Subject *be Verbing Object ?
(?) to

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Am I_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Are you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Is he_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is she______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is it________________________________________________________________________
(?) Are we_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Are they____________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

Good job on completing the Future Continuous Tense!

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Chapter 3

FUTURE
PERFECT

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“A person will have become wiser after


they teach others.”
-Dustin Watchman

simple
future

future
perfect
Future future
continuous
continuous
Tense
FUTURE
PERFECT

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Future Perfect

FUNCTIONS

“Why” we use the Future Perfect

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Future Perfect Tense


2 General Functions

FUNCTION 1: Completed Action Before


Something in the Future

The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action
in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the
future.

Examples:

 (+) By the end of this year, I will have passed my final classes.
 (+) By the time he comes to class, the teacher is going to have finished the
test.

 (-) I am not going to have finished my exam by 1500 (3pm).


 (-) We are not going to have started our quiz by the time the teacher ends
class.

 (?) Will he have learned enough English to understand his classes before
he goes to university?

HINT Notice in the examples above that the reference points (underlined and in red)
are in Simple Present rather than Simple Future. This is because the interruptions are in
time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.

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FUNCTION 2: Duration Before Something in the


Future (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the
Future Perfect to show that something will continue up until another action in the future.

Normal Verbs Non-Continuous Verbs


Appearing, having, hearing, looking, Appear, have, hear, look, miss, see,
missing, seeing, smelling, tasting, smell, taste, think, weigh
thinking, weighing

Examples:

 (+) I will have been in school for 4 years by the time I graduate.
 (+) By Friday, We are going to have had three tests in class.

Although the above use of Future Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs
and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study"
are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.

REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Future Perfect cannot be used in clauses beginning with time
expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc.
Instead of Future Perfect, Present Perfect is used.

*KISS Grammar Guide – Present Tense can be downloaded at www.whoisdustin.com

Examples:
 I am going to see a movie when I will have finished my homework.
Not Correct - Future Perfect
 I am going to see a movie when I have finished my homework.
Correct - Present Perfect

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Future Perfect

FORMS
“How” we use the Future Perfect

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Future Perfect Forms


VERB FORM
[will have + past participle]

[am/is/are + going to have + past participle]

Using "will"
Positive (+) Subject will have Verb(ed) Object .
Negative (-) Subject
+
will
+ not
+
have
+
Verb(ed)
+
Object
+
.

Question (?) Will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I will have  I will not have  Will I have


played… played… played…?
 You will have  You will not have  Will you have
played… played… played…?
 He will have  He will not have  Will he have
played… played… played…?
 She will have  She will not have  Will she have
played… played… played…?
 It will have  It will not have  Will it have
played… played… played…?
 We will have  We will not have  Will we have
played… played… played…?
 They will have  They will not have  Will they have
played… played… played…?
 Where will I have
played…?

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Using "Be going to"


Positive (+) Subject Be going to have Verb(ed) Object .
Negative (-) Subject
+
Be
+ not
+
going to
+
have
+
Verb(ed)
+
Object
+
.

Question going
Be Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?) to
Question
+ + +
going
+ + + +
Wh- Be Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?) to

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I am going to have  I am not going to  Am I going to have


played… have played… played…?
 You are going to  You are not going to  Are you going to
have played… have played… have played…?
 He is going to have  He is not going to  Is he going to have
played… have played… played…?
 She is going to  She is not going to  Is she going to
have played… have played… have played…?
 It is going to have  It is not going to have  Is it going to have
played… played… played…?
 We are going to  We are not going to  Are we going to
have played… have played… have played…?
 They are going to  They are not going to  Are they going to
have played… have played… have played…?
 When is he going to
have played…?

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Adverb Placement: Sentence Structure


The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.

HINT “Will” can also be replaced with “Be going to” in statements.

Positive
Subj will Adv have Verbed Object .
(+)
Negative
+ + + + + + +
Subj will not Adv have Verbed Object .
(-)

Using "will"

Question
Will Subj Adverb have Verbed Object ?
(?)
Question
+ + + + + + +
Wh- will Subj Adverb have Verbed Object ?
(?)

Using "Be going to"

Question going
Be Subj Adv have Verbed Obj ?
(?) to
Question
+ + +
going
+ + + + +
Wh- Be Subj Adv have Verbed Obj ?
(?) to

Examples:

 (+) I will only have learned English.


 (+) I am going to only have learned English.
 (-) You won’t only have learned English.
 (-) You aren’t going to only have learned English.

 (?) Will he only have learned English?


 (?) Why will he only have learned English?
 (?) Are they going to only have learned English?
 (?) Why are they going to only have learned English?

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Active / Passive Voice: Sentence Structure


The active voice is a writing technique in which the subject of the sentence is doing the action, in
contrast to the passive voice in which the subject of the sentence is being acted upon.

Examples:

 We will have completed the assignment before the deadline. ACTIVE


 The assignment will have been completed before the deadline. PASSIVE

 We are going to have completed the project before the deadline. ACTIVE
 The project is going to have been completed before the deadline. PASSIVE

NOTES___________________________________________________________

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Future Perfect Worksheet - Using "will"


Positive (+) Subject will have Verb(ed) Object .
Negative (-) Subject
+
will
+ not
+
have
+
Verb(ed)
+
Object
+
.

Question (?) Will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Will I______________________________________________________________________


(?) Will you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will he_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will she____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will it______________________________________________________________________
(?) Will we____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will they___________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

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Future Perfect Worksheet - Using "Be going to"


Positive (+) Subject Be going to have Verb(ed) Object .
+ + + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject Be not going to have Verb(ed) Object .

Question going
Be Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?) to
Question
+ + +
going
+ + + +
Wh- Be Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?) to

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Am I_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Are you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Is he_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is she______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is it________________________________________________________________________
(?) Are we_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Are they____________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

Good job on completing the Future Perfect Tense!

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Chapter 4

FUTURE
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS

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“We will have been contributing to an


educated world by the time education is
most needed.”
-Dustin Watchman

simple
future

FUTURE
PERFECT
Future future
continuous
CONTINUOUS

Tense
future
perfect

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Future Perfect Continuous

FUNCTIONS

“Why” we use the Future Perfect Continuous

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Future Perfect Continuous


2 General Functions

FUNCTION 1: Duration Before Something in the Future

We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a
particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since
Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. Notice
that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous and the Past Perfect Continuous;
however, with Future Perfect Continuous, the duration stops at or before a reference
point in the future.

*KISS Grammar Guides Present Tense/Past Tense can be found at www.whoisdustin.com

Examples:
 (+) They will have been studying for over an hour by the time I arrive.
 (+) She will have been studying for three years by the time she graduates.
 (?) How long will you have been studying when you graduate?

Notice in the examples above that the reference points (underlined and in red) are in
Simple Present rather than Simple Future. This is because these future events are in
time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.

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FUNCTION 2: Cause of Something in the Future

Using the Future Perfect Continuous before another action in the future is a good way to
show cause and effect.

Examples:
 (+) I will be tired when I get home because I will have been studying all
day in school.
 (+) He will speak English perfect because he is going to have been studying
English for over three years.

Future Continuous vs. Future Perfect Continuous

If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since
Friday," many English speakers choose to use the Future Continuous rather than the
Future Perfect Continuous. Be careful because this can change the meaning of the
sentence. Future Continuous emphasizes interrupted actions, whereas Future Perfect
Continuous emphasizes a duration of time before something in the future. Study the
examples below to understand the difference.

Examples:

 He will be tired because he will be studying so hard for his final exam.
THIS SENTENCE EMPHASIZES THAT HE WILL BE TIRED BECAUSE HE WILL BE EXERCISING AT THAT EXACT
MOMENT IN THE FUTURE. – FUTURE CONTINUOUS

 He will be tired because he will have been studying so hard for his final
exam.
THIS SENTENCE EMPHASIZES THAT HE WILL BE TIRED BECAUSE HE WILL HAVE BEEN EXERCISING FOR A
PERIOD OF TIME. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT HE WILL STILL BE EXERCISING AT THAT MOMENT OR THAT HE WILL
JUST HAVE FINISHED. – FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

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HINT REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Future Perfect Continuous cannot be used in clauses
beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as
soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Perfect Continuous, Present Perfect
Continuous is used.

Examples:

 You won't pass the final exam until you will have been studying enough to
know a higher level of English. Not Correct - Future Perfect Continuous
 You won't pass the final exam until you have been studying enough to know
a higher level of English. Correct -Present Perfect Continuous

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any


continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be
used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Future Perfect Continuous with these verbs,
you must use Future Perfect .

Examples:

 She will have been learning English for over two years.
Not Correct -Future Perfect Continuous
 She will have learned English for over two years.
Correct -Future Perfect Continuous

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Future Perfect Continuous

FORMS
“How” we use the Future Perfect Continuous

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Future Perfect Continuous Forms


VERB FORM
[will have been + present participle]

[am/is/are + going to have been + present participle]

Using "will"
Positive (+) Subject will have been Verbing Object .
+ + + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not have been Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject have been Verbing Object ?


+ + + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have been Verbing Object ?

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I will have been  I will not have  Will I have been


studying… been studying… studying…?
 You will have  You will not  Will you have been
been studying… have been studying…?
 He will have studying…  Will he have been
been studying…  He will not have studying…?
 She will have been studying…  Will she have been
been studying…  She will not have studying…?
been studying…  Will it have been
 It will have been
studying…  It will not have studying…?
been studying…  Will we have been
 We will have
been studying…  We will not have studying…?
been studying…  Will they have been
 They will have
studying…?
been studying…  They will not
 Where will they
have been
studying… have been
studying…?

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Using "Be going to"


Positive going
(+)
Subj Be have been Verbing Object .
to
+ + + + + + + +
Negative going
Subj Be not have been Verbing Object .
(-) to

Question going
Be Subj have been Verbing Object ?
(?) to
+ + + + + + + +
Question going
Wh- Be Subj have been Verbing Object ?
(?) to

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

 I am going to  I am not going  Am I going to have


have been to have been been studying…?
studying… studying…  Are you going to
 You are going to  You are not have been
have been going to have studying…?
studying… been studying…  Is he going to have
 He is going to  He is not going been studying…?
have been to have been  Is she going to
studying… studying… have been
 She is going to  She is not going studying…?
have been to have been  Is it going to have
studying… studying… been studying…?
 It is going to  It is not going to  Are we going to
have been have been have been
studying… studying… studying…?
 We are going to  We are not going  Are they going to
have been to have been have been
studying… studying… studying…?
They are going  They are not  Where are they
to have been going to have going to have been
studying… been studying… studying…?

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Adverb Placement: Sentence Structure


The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.

Using "will"
Positive (+) Subject + will + Adv + have + been + Verbing + Object + .

Question(?) Will + Subject + Adv + have + been + Verbing + Object + ?

Using "Be going to"


Positive going
Subj + Be + + Adv + have + been + Verbing + Object + .
(+) to

Question going
Be + Subj + Adv + + have + been + Verbing + Object + ?
(?) to

Examples:

 (+) I will only have been playing football for one hour.
 (?) Will you only have been playing football for one hour?

 (+) I am going to only have been playing football for one hour.
 (?) Are you only going to have been playing football for one hour?

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Active / Passive Voice: Sentence Structure


The active voice is a writing technique in which the subject of the sentence is doing the action, in
contrast to the passive voice in which the subject of the sentence is being acted upon.

Examples:

 The teacher will have been teaching English for over two years by the time
she is considered for a promotion. ACTIVE
 English will have been being taught by the teacher for over two years by
the time a promotion is considered. PASSIVE
 The teacher is going to have been teaching English for over two years by
the time she is considered for a promotion. ACTIVE
 English is going to have been being taught by the teacher for over two
years by the time a promotion is considered. PASSIVE

HINT Passive forms of the Future Perfect Continuous are not common.

NOTES___________________________________________________________

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Future Perfect Continuous Worksheet- Using "will"


Positive (+) Subject will have been Verbing Object .
+ + + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not have been Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject have been Verbing Object ?


+ + + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have been Verbing Object ?

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Will I______________________________________________________________________


(?) Will you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will he_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will she____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will it______________________________________________________________________
(?) Will we____________________________________________________________________
(?) Will they___________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

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Future Perfect Continuous Worksheet - Using "Be going to"


Positive going
(+)
Subj Be have been Verbing Object .
to
+ + + + + + + +
Negative going
Subj Be not have been Verbing Object .
(-) to

Question going
Be Subj have been Verbing Object ?
(?) to
+ + + + + + + +
Question going
Wh- Be Subj have been Verbing Object ?
(?) to

Write Positive (+) and Negative (-) sentences, and Questions (?)

(+) I__________________________________________________________________________
(+)You________________________________________________________________________
(+) He________________________________________________________________________
(+) She________________________________________________________________________
(+) It_________________________________________________________________________
(+) We________________________________________________________________________
(+) They______________________________________________________________________

(-) I__________________________________________________________________________
(-) You________________________________________________________________________
(-) He_________________________________________________________________________
(-) She________________________________________________________________________
(-) It__________________________________________________________________________
(-) We________________________________________________________________________
(-) They_______________________________________________________________________

(?) Am I_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Are you____________________________________________________________________
(?) Is he_______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is she______________________________________________________________________
(?) Is it________________________________________________________________________
(?) Are we_____________________________________________________________________
(?) Are they____________________________________________________________________

(?) Who_______________________________________________________________________
(?) What______________________________________________________________________
(?) Where_____________________________________________________________________
(?) When______________________________________________________________________
(?) Why_______________________________________________________________________
(?) How_______________________________________________________________________

Good job on completing the Future Perfect Continuous Tense!

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Grammar Cheat Sheet

Simple Future Forms


Positive (+) Subject will Verb Object .
+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not Verb Object .

Question (?) Will Subject Verb Object ?


+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject Verb Object ?

Positive (+) Subject Be going to Verb Object .


+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject Be not going to Verb Object .

Question (?) Be Subj going to Verb Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- Be Subj going to Verb Object ?

Future Continuous Forms (BE- am,are,is)


*NOTICE “will be” stays the same. It is NOT the “Be” verb.
Positive (+) Subject will *be Verbing Object .
+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not *be Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject *be Verbing Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject *be Verbing Object ?

*NOTICE – This “Be” verb changes to am/is/are * “be” does not


Positive going
Subject Be *be Verbing Object .
(+) to
+ + + + + + +
Negative going
Subject Be not *be Verbing Object .
(-) to

Question going
Be Subject *be Verbing Object ?
(?) to
+ + + + + +
Question going
Wh- + Be Subject *be Verbing Object ?
(?) to

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Future Perfect Forms


Positive (+) Subject will have Verb(ed) Object .
+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not have Verb(ed) Object .

Question (?) Will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?


+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?

Positive (+) Subj Be going to have Verb(ed) Object .


+ + + + + + +
Negative (-) Subj Be not going to have Verb(ed) Object .

Question
Be Subj going to have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?)
+ + + + + + +
Question Wh
Be Subj going to have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?) -

Future Perfect Continuous Forms


Positive (+) Subject will have been Verbing Object .
+ + + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not have been Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject have been Verbing Object ?


+ + + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have been Verbing Object ?

Positive going
(+)
Subj Be have been Verbing Object .
to
+ + + + + + + +
Negative going
Subj Be not have been Verbing Object .
(-) to

Question going
Be Subj have been Verbing Object ?
(?) to
+ + + + + + + +
Question going
Wh- Be Subj have been Verbing Object ?
(?) to

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SIMPLE
FUTURE

FUTURE
PERFECT
Future FUTURE
CONTINUOUS

Tense
CONTINUOUS

FUTURE
PERFECT

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Additional Resources for


General Grammar

http://writingcenter.uiowa.edu/resources

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/

http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/grammar-girl

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/1/5/

http://www.grammarly.com/

http://www.whoisdustin.com

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Volume 1: KISS Present Tense


Volume 2: KISS Past Tense
Volume 3: KISS Future Tense
Volume 4: KISS Study Guide

Download your copies at


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