POLITICAL STABILITY

PROJECT
*Factors for Political Stability
By: Mary Lyn Rama

A well-functioning economy Effective political leadership

Providing citizens with It is important for creating

opportunities a sense of direction and
for employment and purpose in a country.
economic growth, in turn, Leaders who can
reduces poverty and communicate effectively,
inequality, which are often build consensus, and make
pilots of political instability. difficult decisions can
inspire confidence and
promote stability.

Rule of law
It ensures that everyone, including those in power, is held
accountable for their actions and that disputes are resolved
peacefully through legal means. It promotes trust in the
justice system and can help prevent conflicts from
escalating.

Social cohesion and inclusivity Strong and effective

government institutions

Promoting social cohesion and These institutions should be

inclusivity can help prevent
conflict and promote political
stability among countries with
diverse populations through
policies that address issues
related to identity, language,
culture, and religion.
independent, fair, and transparent,
and they should have the capacity
to enforce laws and regulations.
When citizens trust their
government, they are more likely to
support it and comply with its laws.

While all these factors are important, the strength of

each factor's importance depends on the country's
specific circumstances. For example, a country with a
strong economy may be more stable than one with
weak economic conditions, even if other factors are
weaker. Similarly, in a country with strong institutions
and the rule of law, effective leadership may be less
important. Therefore, it is important to consider each
factor in the context of the specific country and its
challenges.
 POLITICAL STABILITY
PROJECT
*POLITICAL INSTABILITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE
BY: MARY LYN RAMA
AFGHANISTAN
has been in a state of
conflict and political
instability for several
decades, with the ongoing
conflict between the
government and various
insurgent groups. The
impact of this instability
on the quality of life of
Afghan citizens has been
significant. The country
has one of the highest
poverty rates in the world,
with more than half of the
population living below
the poverty line. Access to
necessities such as food,
water, and healthcare is
limited, and the country
has some of the highest
infant mortality and
maternal mortality rates in
the world. The ongoing
conflict has also forced
many Afghans to flee their
homes, leading to a large
number of internally
displaced persons and
refugees. In addition,
political instability has
also led to a lack of
economic development,
which has resulted in high
unemployment rates and
limited opportunities for
economic growth.
YEMEN
has been in a state of
political instability and
conflict since 2014 when
Houthi rebels took control
of the capital city of
Sanaa. The ongoing
conflict has led to a
humanitarian crisis, with
millions of Yemenis facing
food and water shortages,
as well as limited access
to healthcare. The conflict
has also led to the
displacement of millions
of people, both within
Yemen and as refugees in
neighbouring countries. In
addition to the
humanitarian crisis, the
ongoing conflict has also
had a significant impact
on the economy, with
limited economic
development and high
unemployment rates. The
lack of economic
opportunities has further
contributed to the
country's instability, as
well as increased levels of
poverty and inequality.
 POLITICAL STABILITY
PROJECT
*Shifting Governments
By: Mary Lyn Rama

One country that has shifted from democratic to authoritarian

is Turkey, and one country that has shifted from authoritarian
to democratic is Spain. S S S S S

TURKEY SPAIN

Turkey was a democracy until President

Spain was under the rule of dictator
Recep Tayyip Erdogan took office in
Francisco Franco from 1939 until he
2014. Since then, Erdogan has been
died in 1975. After Franco's death,
accused of consolidating power and
Spain transitioned to a democratic
limiting democratic freedoms,
system with a constitutional monarchy.
including freedom of speech and the
The transition to democracy was
press. In 2016, a failed coup attempt led
gradual, with the first democratic
to a state of emergency, which was
elections held in 1977. Since then,
used to silence political opposition and
Spain has been one of the most stable
restrict civil liberties. Erdogan has also
democracies in Europe. The transition
made changes to the judiciary, which
to democracy has had positive
has raised concerns about the
implications for the quality of life of
independence of the judicial system.
Spanish citizens, with increased
The shift towards authoritarianism has
political freedoms and the
had negative implications for the
establishment of a strong social welfare
quality of life of Turkish citizens, with
system. Spain has also experienced
limited political freedoms and an
significant economic growth since the
increased risk of human rights abuses.
transition to democracy, with a
The economy has also suffered, with a
diversified economy and a strong
decline in foreign investment and a
tourism sector.
weaker currency.

In both cases, the shift in political systems has had significant implications for the quality
of life of citizens. In Turkey, the shift towards authoritarianism has resulted in limited
political freedoms, restrictions on civil liberties, and a weaker economy. In Spain, the
transition to democracy has led to increased political freedoms and a stronger social welfare
system, which has had positive implications for the quality of life of Spanish citizens. The
cases of Turkey and Spain demonstrate the importance of political systems for the well-
being of citizens and the need for governments to prioritize the protection of civil liberties
and democratic institutions.