SINGAPORE STANDARD CP 12 : Part 1 : 2000 (ICS 71,100.20) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR The filling, inspection, testing and maintenance of containers for the storage and transport of compressed gases Part 1: Seamless metal containers for gases, excluding dissolved acetylene All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this Singapore ‘Standard may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic ‘or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilming, without permission in wring from te Singapore Productivity and Standards Board atthe address Director Contre for Standardisation ‘Singapore Productivity and Standards Board 4 Sclence Park Drive Singapore 118221 ISBN 9971-67-799-7CP 42: Part 1 : 2000 EN ‘This Singapore Standard was approved by the Mechanical Standards Committee on behalf of the ‘Standards Council of Singapore on 27 March 2000. First published, 1981 First revision, 2000 ‘The Mechanical Standards Committee appointed by the Standards Council consists of the following members: Name Organisation Chairman: Mr Victor Ho Kwok Weng ‘Standards Council OReMan : MrNg Thin Teng Individual Capacity Secretary: Ms Christina Choong ‘Singapore Productivity and Standards Board Members: Assoc Prof Chau Fook Siong National University of Singapore Mr Cheng Wee Sik Institution of Engineers Singapore Mr Tommy Chua ‘Singapore Intemational Chamber of Commerce Mr James Kuah Geok Lin ‘Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry Mr Kwan Seng Fatt Association of Singapore Marine Industries Mr Lau Keong Ong ‘Singapore Productivity and Standards Board ‘Assoc Prof Leong Kah Fai Individual Capacity ‘Assoc Prof Lim Choon Seng Nanyang Technological University Mr James Ling Gintic Institute of Manufacturing Technology Mr NM Ramchandani ‘Singapore Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Mr Soh Yoke Lun ‘Singapore Confederation of Industries Mr George Sze PWD Corporation Pte Lid The Technical Committee on Storage and Transportation of Compressed Gases including LPG appointed by the Mechanical Standards Committee and responsible for the preparation of this code ‘consists of representatives from the following organisations: Name Organisation Chairman: Assoc Prof Chau Fook Siong ‘Mechanical Standards Committee ‘Secretary Mr Loke Seck Kar ‘Singapore Productivity and Standards Board Members: Mr Martinn Ho Yuen Liung Ministry of the Environment Mr Lee See Loi Institution of Engineers Singapore Mr Leong Shui Hung Department of Industrial Safety Ms Sakhubai Ramanathan ‘Singapore Civil Defence Force Mr Tan Guan Joo ‘Singapore Confederation of IndustriesCP 12: Part 4: 2000 eS ‘The Working Group appointed by the Technical Committee to prepare the initial draft of this revision consists of the following members: Name Organisation Convenor : Cpt Thng Ting Mong ‘Singapore Civil Defence Force Members : Mr Martinn Ho Yuen Liung Ministry of the Environment Mr David Loke Yoon Kwok ExxonMobil Singapore Pte Ltd Mr Loy Boon Keow ‘Singapore Oxygen Air Liquide Pte Ltd(blank page) 4CP 12: Part 1: 2000 Contents Page Foreword 7 CODE OF PRACTICE 1 Scope 8 2 Definitions 8 3 General requirements 9 4 Filling inspection 10 5 Description of inspection items prior to filing 12 6 —_ Description of inspection items during filing 14 7 Description of inspection items after filing 15 8 —_ Periodic inspection and hydraulic pressure testing 15 9 Containers rejected for further service 24 ANNEXES ‘A Information which shall appear on the container 28 B _ Example of a procedure to establish the proper tare weight 26 © Procedure to be adopted when a container valve is apparently obstructed 27 D Guidance on rejection limits ‘ 30 E Hydraulic proof pressure test u F Hydraulic volumetric expansion test 36 TABLES 1 Intervals between periodic inspections and hydraulic tests " 2 Recommended test date discs for containers, 2 3 Limits for oversize taper screw threads in container necks 20 4 Recommended valving torque for stem threads in containers Cf up to 300 bar service pressure 23 5 Guidance on rejection limits relating to physical and material defects in the container shell 30 Guidance on rejection limits for gas containers at time of inspection 31 Guidance on rejection limits for gas containers resulting from corrosion 32 °K factors for the compressibility of water ai CP 12: Part 1 : 2000 ee Page FIGURES = q 1 Typical device for detecting obstructed gas container valves 2 2 Typical device for the removal of a damaged low pressure liquefiable gas container valve 28 3 Illustrations of typical defects 33, | Example of hydraulic proof pressure test equipment 35 | Example of water jacket volumetric expansion test equipment (levelling burette method) 37 q 6 —_Example of water jacket volumetric expansion test equipment : (fixed burette method) 38 j 7 Example of non-water jacket volumetric expansion test equipment 39 Container markings and test ring for industrial and medical containers (excluding dissolved acetylene and propane gas) 42 9 Plastic test rings for permanent and liquefiable gas containers 43CP 12: Part 1: 2000 LUE ESSE Foreword This Part of the Singapore Standard Code of Practice was first prepared in 1980 and was meant to introduce a common basis for the apparatus, materials and techniques used for the bperations described. It Is Intended that adherence to the code will enable these operations to be performed safely and result in an end product which will be safe to handle when used with the normal precautions. CP 12 consists of two Parts as follows: (2) _ Part 1: Seamless metal containers for gases, excluding dissolved acetylene (b) Part 2: Containers for dissolved acetylene This Part was revised in 2000 to bring its contents up-to-date with current industrial practices and to enhance safety in the storage and transportation of compressed gas containers, This revision is primarily based on BS 5430 : Part 1 : 1990 and is implemented with the permission of British Standards Publishing Ltd. Reference was also made to the Factories Act and ISO 11113 : 1995. Where necessary and appropriate, some of the adopted clauses were amended to suit local requirements. In this revision, the major variations from the 1980 edition are as follows: (@) The inspections prior to, during and after the filing have been given further elaboration; (b) Filling station, testing station and Competent Person are introduced in the code to streamline their responsibilities; (©) For containers carrying permanent gases with dew points not higher than -46°C at 1.013 bar, the maximum interval between intemal inspections with hydraulic test has been extended from 5 years to 10 years (with the exception of Hydrogen); (4) For containers canying corrosive low pressure liquefiable gases, the maximum interval between intemal inspections with hydraulic test has been extended from 2 years to 4 years; Hydrogen cyanide has been re-classified as a corrosive low pressure liquefiable gas instead (of a non-corrosive one; () Where gases are used for fire extingui externally at least once a year, ing purposes, the containers shall be inspected (9) The definition for “Tare weight’ is included with an example to show how its value could be determin (h) Stamping of containers after inspectionvtest shall be done by a Competent Person or a person authorised by him, etc. ‘Acknowledgement is made for the use of information from the above references. 5 NOTE 1. ‘Singapore Standards are subject to periodic review to keep abreast of technological changes and new technical developments. The revisions of Singapore Standards are announced through the issue of ‘either amendment slips or revised editions. 2 Compliance with a Singepore Standard does not exempt users from legal obligations.CP 12: Part4 : 2000 Code of practice for the filling, inspection, testing and maintenance of containers for the storage and transport of compressed gases — Part 1 : Seamless metal containers for gases, excluding dissolved acetylene 1 Scope Part 1 of this Code of Practice specifies the minimum requirements for the filling, inspection, testing and maintenance of transportable seamless metal gas containers (hereinafter referred to as ‘containers’) of 1 litre water capacity and above. It does not apply to aluminium containers, welded metal containers or to dissolved acetylene containers whether with welded or seamless shells. NOTE — The titles of the publications referred to in this Code of Practice are listed at the end of the standard, 2 Definitions Besides the terminology used in SS 447 : 1998, the following definitions shall also apply to this code: 24° Competent person ‘Apperson having the necessary experience and expertise to carry out periodic examination and testing of containers to identify relevant defects and to assess whether the container is safe for further use and to verify compliance with this code. 2.2 Corrosion ‘A chemical or electrochemical reaction on a material that results in the removal of the surface of the material. It may exist in many forms, such as (2) Chemical attack where the metal is dissolved by the reagents [such attack may be general over the complete surface, localised (causing pitting) or a combination of the two). (b) _Rusting caused by the combined action of moisture and air. 23 Critical temperature ‘The temperature above which a substance can only be gaseous irrespective of the applied pressure. 24 Filling station A suitably equipped premises which is staffed by competent persons, to undertake the filling of containers in accordance with this code. 2.5 — High pressure liquefiable gas ‘Agas that has a critical temperature of between -10°C and 70°C.2.6 Hydraulic test A test by hydraulic means, using either the hydraulic proof pressure test or the hydraulic volumetric expansion test (with or without the water jacket). 2.7 Inspection Internal and extemal examination by a competent person, using appropriate equipment but not including hydraulic pressure testing. 2.8 — Liquefiable gas ‘Agas that is liquefiable between -10°C and 17.5°C by pressure not more than 1.013 bar. 2.9 — Low pressure liquefiable gas ‘A gas that has a critical temperature of above 70°C. 240 Permanent gas A gas that has a critical temperature below -10°C. 2.11 Tare weight ‘The mass of the container (expressed in kg) including permanently attached parts (e.g. neck ring, foot ring, valve guard and valve but without the removable cap (i. the container as it arrives at the scale prior to filing). 242 Testing station A suitably equipped premises which is staffed by competent persons, to undertake the periodic inspection and testing of gas containers in accordance with this code. 3 General requirements 3.1 No gas container to which this Part of CP 12 applies shall be refilled unless it has been inspected and tested in accordance with Subclauses 8.4.2, 8.4.3 and 8.7 and at the intervals given in Table 1 NOTE ~ Itis the responsibility of the testing station to verity compliance with this code. It is the responsibility Of the filing station to ensure that the containers have been inspected and tested prior to filing. 3.2 The filling station, owner or user of gas containers shall not be relieved from the obligation to ensure at all times that his containers are not damaged or corroded and shall refer all those suspected of damage or corrosion for further inspection and testing before the prescribed interval has elapsed. 3.3 The requirements for inspection and testing shall be satisfied if a container is inspected and tested on its first receipt by a filing station after the specified interval has elapsed. NOTE - There is no general requirement for the user to return a gas container before the contents have been Used even though the test interval may have lapsed. However, in the case of containers used for emergency purposes where long periods may elapse before use, e.. fre extinguishers, resuscitation and self-contained breathing apparatus, it is the responsibilty of the owner or user to emply the container and submit it for inspection and testing within the specified interval.CP 12: Part 4 : 2000 Sa 3.4 Containers due for inspection and testing shall be identified from the date of manufacture, or from the date of the last periodic test, stamped on the container, The date shall indicate a month and a year or a quarter and a year. 3.4.1 A container shall fall due for inspection and test on its first receipt by a filer after the expiry of the interval in Table 1, taken from the end of the interval stamped on the container. For example, ifthe Container was tested in March 1984 and stamp-marked by a quarter and a year, it would, if subject to a five year test interval, fall due for retest at its first receipt by a filer after 31 March 1989, NOTE ~ As an aid to recognition, coloured discs may be used, located between the valve and the neck of the {928 container. Details of a suggested scheme are given in Table 2. 3.5 The equipment and procedures for inspection and testing of containers shall comply with this code. NOTE — It is emphasised that the inspection is of prime importance for the identification of defects liable to render the container unsafe. 3.6 The owner of the gas containers shall ensure that the containers are fit for circulation. 4 Filling inspection Each container shall be submitted to artinspection prior to, during, and immediately after filing. The following items shall be covered by a filing inspection: 41 Prior to filling (2) _ Establishment of container owner, if required (see Subciause 5.1). {b) Establishment of serviceable condition (see Subclause 5.2) (©) Identification of container (see Subclause 5.3) 4.2 During the filling (2) Leak test (see Subclause 6.5) (©) Check valve operation (see Subctause 6.6). 43 After the filling (@) Check that the fil weight or pressure is proper (see Subclause 7.1). (b) Check for leakage (see Subclause 7.2). (©) _ Establishment that content identification is proper (see Subclause 7.3). 10CP 12: Part 1: 2000 aint t : 2000, Table 1 - Intervals between periodic inspections and hydraulic tests Interval between each: Extemal Internal Hydraulic i i inspection in | inspection in | pressure testin Goofart the container ‘accordance with | accordance | " accordance Subclause 8.4.2 | with Subctause | with Subclause 843 a7, No. ofyears | No. of years _| No. of years (a) Permanent gases wrogen, hydrog 5 Sor 10 Sor 10 .g. oxygen, argon, nitrogen, hydrogen, ai, halum, xenon fypion, non, tern wivoie (see Note 1) | (see Note 1) (®) _Allgases used in self-contained underwater breathing dress apparatus. a e a (@) Allgases used in self-contained breathing 5 3 3 apparatus. (@) Corrosive iow pressure iquefiabre gases €.9. boron trichloride, carbonyl chloride, chlorine, a a a chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrosyl chioride, sulphur dioxide. Corrosive high pressure iquefiable gases 2 a a 2.9. hydrogen sulphide. (__ Non-corrosive high pressure liquefiable gases ‘eg. ethane, ethylene, ritrous oxide, sulphur e : fa hexafluoride, chiortrituoromethane (R13), bromotrifuoromethane (R1381). @ Town gas, coal gas, other manufactured fuel Bord Bor gases, methane, natural gas, carbon monoxide, gases. (see Note 1) (see Note 1) )_ Gas modures, ‘see Note 2 @ _ Non-corrosive low pressure iquefiable gases .g. ammonia, butadiene, butane, dimethylether, ethylamine, thy chloride, ethylene oxide refrigerant (halocarbon) gases, methyiamin 5 10 10 36, but =< 300 =< 300 bar Valve | service pressure | barservice | Vaie | Service pressure Valve material | stem praseute! stem size) Min. | Max, | Min. Max. | Sze | Min. Max. torque | torque | torque | torque torque | torque (ny [em | vm | em | wm | - | em | em Copper alloy | 0.715 | 60 | 150 | 100 | 150 | M18 | 60 80 4 110 | 240 | 250 | 380 | M25 | 80 100 Plated copper | 0.715 | - - 100 | 150 - - 100 alloy 1 : : 270_| 380 : : 130 Carbon steel | 0.715 | 135 | 150 | 135 | 150 - - - 1 34o_| 380 | 340 | 380 - - : Stainless stee! 1 120 | 135 “| 340 | 380 - - - Aluminium alloy | 0.715 | - - - - Mis - 60 NOTE 1 — Other sealants may require different torques to effect a gas tight joint and to ensure the correct, ‘minimum length of thread engagement. NOTE 2 — When torque values have been specified by the manufacturer of container valves for a particular valve, the manufacturers torque values may be applied in place of those specified in this Table. NOTE 3 — Attention is drawn to BS 341 for the minimum engagement of threads. 8.11.5 Where a foot-ring has been changed, or in the case of a container for liquefiable gas, where a valve has been replaced and the tare is significantly different from the marked tare, the latter shall be obliterated and the correct tare marked in a permanent and legible fashion. 8.14.6 The presence of siphon tubes fitted in containers, other than those for fire extinguishers, shall be indicated. NOTE — The preferred method of indication is the presence of a painted line, either white or black to contrast with the base colour, 25 mm wide down the full length of the container. 23CP 12: Part 4 : 2000 812 Surface coatings ‘Where necessary, each container shall be repainted in accordance with SS 152. NOTE - Where the surface is protected by zinc coating, the application and thickness should be agreed between the owner and the competent person of the test station. 8.13 Records 8.13.1. An inspectionitest record for each container shall be retained by the test station for not less than the interval between hydraulic tests specified in Table 1 and shall include the following information: (2) owner, () serial number, () manufacturing specification; (d) water capacity; {e) __ tare or empty mass as tested; (test pressure and method of test (Le. volumetric or proof); (g) _inspection‘test date; (h) result of inspectionftest; ()_inspectorisupervisor; and @ details of any modifications made to the container. 8.13.2 Any certificate, document or label supplied to the owner of a container shall identify the testeritest station that performed the inspection and/or test. 8.13.3 Full records of any re-heat treatment and associated re-testing shall be kept by the owner for the life of the container. 8.14 Calibration of inspection and test equipment Al inspection and test equipment shall be checked and calibrated as necessary at the appropriate intervals. Records of such checking and calibration shall be kept. 9 Containers rejected for further service 9.1 Containers that have been deemed unsuitable for further service shall be rendered unserviceable in such manner as to prevent reuse, by the testing station using one of the methods given in Subciause 9.2. Prior notice shall be given to the owner, if known, by the testing station. Before the container is treated as in Subciause 9.2, the container shall have been depressurised in accordance with Subclause 8.2.1. li 9.2 Containers shall be rendered unserviceable by one of the following methods: (@) crushing by mechanical mea j | (b) making an irregular hole in the top dome of the container, equivalent in area to approximately | 10% of the area of the top dome; ' (©) _ inthe case of thin walled containers, by piercing the container in at least three places. 9.2.1 Drilling a hole in a container shall not be considered as satisfying the requirements of clause. Is 9.2.2 Certificates of failure if required by the owner of the container shall identify the competent j person who performed the inspection and/or test and the cause(s) of failure. 24CP 42: Part 1: 2000 Ne ee Annex A Information which shall appear on the container Identification data empty mass sign of identification for type approval manufacturer's mark/serial number inspection mark of authorised testing organisation ‘owner's name, logo or serial number test pressure sizelcapacity Filling data identification of gas or group of gases ‘working pressure filing weightWwater capacity tare weight bead Inspection data - Date of initial test = Date of retests [see Subciause 8.11.1(b) for details) Other data (optional) yield stress/ultimate tensile strength; identification letter of heat treatment ‘material identification/compatibllty expansion elastic expansion/reject elastic expansion guaranteed minimum wall thickness beune 25i CP 12: Part1 : 2000 TEE ran Annex B Example of a procedure to establish the proper tare weight (for information) B.1 _ Ifthe container is valved, perform all necessary purges and evacuations in order to remove the valve safely. B.2 Remove the valve (see Annex C). B.3 Visually inspect the container intemally and externally for corrosion, check for excess paint on the exterior and contamination or build-up on the interior. Clean if necessary (e.g. shot blast), Requalify, if necessary (e.g. where there is evidence of corrosion, retesting is required), B.4 Weigh the container on a calibrated scale, B.4.1_ Compare the scale weight with weight marking on the container, if any, and place a valve of the type to be used onto the scale. B.4.2 From these readings establish the correct tare weight for the container with the valve. B.5 Stamp the tare weight onto the container in kilograms to three significant figures. B.6 Stamp one diagonal line through the obsolete tare weight, if present, so that it is stil readable for future reference. This applies to the ‘original’ tare weight. If more than one obsolete tare weight exists, remove the lowest value. Retain only the original tare weight (with diagonal line) and the new tare weight. CAUTION: Exercise care to make certain that only a clean, empty container with one paint coat and a valve is being weighed to an accuracy up to + 0.5%. Be sure the container is emptied of all product prior to each weighing, 26cA CP 12: Part4 : 2000 Annex C Procedure to be adopted when a container valve is apparently obstructed If there is any doubt when the valve of a gas container is opened, that the gas is not being released and the container may still contain residual gas under pressure, a check or checks shall be made to establish that passage through the valve is not obstructed, C.1.1._A recognised procedure for checking the container valve, such as the following, or one that provides equivalent safeguards, should be used: (a) (b) c.2 Introduce gas at pressure of 5 bar and check its discharge; alternatively, use the device ‘shown in Figure 1 to hand pump air into the container. For containers of liquefiable gases, first establish that the total mass of the container is the same as the tare stamped on the container. If there is a positive difference, the container may contain either liquefied gas under pressure or non-pressure contaminants. Rubber tube 8 id. 13 0d. ground to olive shape and bonded copper tube 3i.d.x8ad. Figure 1 — Typical device for detecting obstructed gas container valves ‘When a container is found to have an obstructed gas passage in the valve, the container shall be treated in accordance with one of the following methods: (a) ‘Saw or dril the valve body until junction is made with the gas passage between the valve body stem and valve spindle seat. aCP 12: Part 4 : 2000 (b) (e) Loosen or pierce the safety device in a controlled manner. ‘Where the contents are noxious or flammable, the preferred method is partially to unscrew the valve within a glanded cap, secured and jointed to the container and vented to a safe discharge. The principles of a suitable device for low pressure liquefiable gases are illustrated in Figure 2. If used on containers with high pressures, more secure clamping arrangements should be used to resist the forces exerted on the casing by the gas once the valve has been loosened. Figure 2 - Typical device for the removal of a damaged low pressure liquefiable gas container valve 28CP 12: Part 1: 2000 See €.2.1 Methods (a) and (b) are applicable for containers of non-toxic, non-flammable gas. Appropriate safety precautions should be taken to ensure that no hazard results from the uncontrolled discharge of any residual gas. €.2.2 These procedures should be carried out only by competent persons. When the gas, if any, thas been released and the pressure within the container has been reduced to atmospheric pressure, ‘and, in the case of liquefied gases, there is no frost or dew on the outside of the container, the valve may be removed. C.3 When itis established that there is no obstruction to gas flow in the container valve, the valve may be removed. 29CP 12: Part 4 : 2000 ee Annex D Guidance on rejection limits D.1__ tis difficult to present definite rejection limits for defects for all sizes and types of containers and their service conditions. The limits of rejection are usually established by individual companies for their own containers, based on field experience. D.2 _ Extensive experience and judgement are required in evaluating whether containers that have corroded intemally or extemally are safe and suitable for return to service. Guidance on rejection limits is given in Tables 5, 6 and 7. Table § - Guidance on rejection limits relating to physical and material defects in the container shell (See also Figure 3) Defect Description Rejection limit Bulge Visible swelling of the container. | All Dent ‘Adepression in the container | (a) Where containers are used for permanent that has neither penetrated nor _| or high pressure liquefiable gases: when the removed metal. depth of any dent exceeds 2 mm, or when the distance across the minor axis of any indentation is less than 30 times its depth. (b) Where containers are used for low Pressure liquefiable gases: when the depth of any dent exceeds 25 % of its width at any point. NOTE ~ On small diameter containers, thes ‘general limits may have to be adjusted at the discretion ofthe testing station. Consideration of ‘appearance also plays a part in the evaluation of dents, especially in the case of small containers. Cut or gouge | A sharp impression where metal | When the length of any cut or gouge exceeds has been removed or 2% of the container length, or when the depth redistributed. exceeds 5% of the wall thickness. Crack A split or rift in the metal, All Lamination —_| Laminations are due to folds —_| Visible laminations which show as a crack or resulting from inclusions during | bulge. the manufacturing process. Wear atthe | Removal of material from the | When the thickness of the knuckle at the point knuckle end of | knuckle end of the container _| of greatest wear is less than 75 % of the the container | base, e.g. as a result of dragging | original thickness. base the container.CP 12: Part 4: 2000 Table 6 - Guidance on rejection limits for gas containers at time of Inspection Item Description Rejection timit Fire damage* Excessive general or localised ‘When evidence of fire damage is heating of a container usually ‘accompanied by (b) or (c). indicated by: * {a)charring or burning of the paint; | If only (a) or (d) is evident, see * (b)bumning or partial meting of the | below. container metal; {(€)distortion of the container, (@)fire damage to vatve or plastic valve guard. Plug or neck ‘Additional metal inserts fitted in the | When any container has had a plug inserts container neck or base. or neck insert fited, unless it can be ascertained that the plug or neck insert is part of the approved design of the container. Marking ‘Stamping by means of metal punch. | When any container has stamping on the parallel section; or where the ‘stamping is illegible or inadequate, or has unauthorised alterations. (see also * below). Buming of the container metal, a Heorcns | meanest afacndsom be | Whe ay crix show eres asian of weld (etal Hie ‘other than protective coatings. removing of metal by scarfing or 7 cratering. * If the paint is only charred a container may be accepted. But if the paint has been removed by heat, or if metallic parts of a valve have been melted, the decision to accept, refurbish or reject should be made the responsibility of a competent person. If so decided by a competent person, reheat treatment and retest should be carried out in accordance with the specification to which the ‘container was made. Full records of any reheat treatment and associated retesting should be kept by the owner for the life of the container. Where containers have a surface treatment such as metal spraying with zinc, the method of repair should take into account the possibility of ‘embrittlement of the steel surface due to prolonged time at excess temperature. Advice from the ‘manufacturer or other competent body should be sought, if necessary. * Ifit can be clearly established from the records or otherwise, that the container fully complies with the requirements of the appropriate manufacturing specification for the relevant gas service, an altered marking is acceptable (see Subclauses 8.3 and 8.11) and illegible or inadequate markings should be corrected. 34CP 12: Part 1 : 2000 a Table 7 ~ Guidance on rejection limits for gas containers resulting from corrosion oF pitting ‘an area of the container surface ‘occurring externally and/or internally. It excludes other types Cf corrosion described in (b) and (c). (see also Figure 3) Type Description Rejection limit (a) General corrosion | Reduction in wall thickness over _| If the depth of penetration exceeds 25 % of the original wall thickness or if the original metal surface is not recognisable. If corrosion is extensive in area, or border line in depth, a hydraulic volumetric expansion test showing a permanent set exceeding 2 % of the total volumetric expansion. (b) Line, chain or ‘channel corrosion Internal and/or external pitting of a linear nature, generally of limited width. Ifthe depth of penetration exceeds 25 % of the original wall thickness. If corrosion is extensive in area, or border line in depth, a hydraulic volumetric expansion test showing permanent set exceeding 2 % of the total volumetric expansion, (©) Isolated pits Localised areas of corrosion, the ‘major linear dimensions of which are of the same order, or less than their depths Ifthe depth of discrete pits is greater than 5 mm diameter and ‘exceed 40 % of the original wall thickness. Pits less than § mm in diameter should be assessed to Isolated pits may occur externally | ensure that the remaining wall or internally thickness is adequate for the duty envisaged for the container. applied. NOTE ~ Depending on the service conditions of the container, reduced rejection limits may need to be 32(9) Channel corrosion internal) (4) Lamination (n) Crack Figure 3 ~ Illustrations of typical defects (as described in Tables 5 and 7) 33,CP 12: Part 1: 2000 a Annex E Hydraulic proof pressure test E.1 General This Annex describes an example of a method for carrying out the hydraulic proof pressure test as specified in Subclause 8.7.2. E.2 Procedure (2) Completely fil all containers with water. (©) Connect the container(s) to the test equipment as shown in Figure 4, leaving all valves open. (c) Fill the pump and pipework system with water and close air bleed valve when water appears. Close bypass vaive. (4) Dry the outside of the container(s). (©) Operate pump unti the test pressure is reached. Stop the pump and close hydraulic pressure line valve. () Check that the test pressure remains constant for a period of 2 min. (a) Inspect the external of the container(s) visually. The presence of water is an indication of either: () _alleaking connection to a container; or (ii) aleak in a test container In case of (i), the system shall be depressurised, the connection shall be made good and the test repeated on the batch (see Subclause 8.7. 2). |i case of (i), the faulty container(s) shall be isolated and the test continued on the remainder of the batch (n) fat the end of the test period, the pressure in the system has fallen, this may indicate that one (oF more of the containers has failed under pressure. In this event the whole test batch shall be retested, individually if necessary, to identity the fauty container(s) NOTE — Containers, if tested in batches, shall be of the same test pressure. An example of test equipment is shown in Figure 4.CP 12: Part 1: 2000 quewidinba ys0) eunsseid jooud ayneupAy jo oduexg - y eunBig || — “xe ana ssodkg ‘ssaujoyuo3- paysoddns 29 4 sauyp4v0> y203—et ‘aayDA aur) ‘anssaud a})nDIpKy { ‘anyon Buypiost ‘anyoa paaig ty 26005 aunssaud uloy ‘anyon Buyjoj0s1 vvolyans dung yuoj Aiddng —} 35CP 12: Part 1: 2000 ee Annex F Hydraulic volumetric expansion test F.1 General This Annex describes methods for determining the volumetric expansion of gas containers as specified by Subclause 8.7.3. ie, namely: (2) the water jacket method; (b) the non-water jacket method. F.1.1. The water jacket volumetric expansion test may be carried out on equipment with a levelling bburette or with a fixed burette. F.2 Water jacket volumetric expansion test F.24 General ‘The water jacket volumetric expansion test necessitates enclosing the water-filed container in a jacket also filled with water. The total and any permanent volumetric expansions of the container are ‘measured in relation to the amount of water displaced by the expansion of the container when under pressure and after the pressure is released, F.2.2, Water jacket volumetric expansion test (levelling burette method) This method is used to avoid errors due to parallax or effect of hydrostatic head. An example of test equipment is shown in Figure 5 and the procedure shall be as follows: (2) Fill the container with water and attach to the water jacket cover; () Seal the container in the jacket and fil the jacket with water, allowing the air to bleed off through the air bleed valve; (©) Connect the container to the hydraulic pressure line, Adjust the burette so that its zero mark coincides with the zero mark on the burette support. Adjust water level to the zero marks by ‘manipulation of the jacket filing valve and drain valve. Raise the pressure in the container to approximately two-thirds of the test pressure, close the hydraulic pressure line valve and stop Pumping. Check that the burette reading remains constant. A rise in water level indicates either a leaking joint between the container and the jacket or a faulty container; (4) Restart the pump and open the hydraulic pressure line valve until the container test pressure is reached. Close the hydraulic pressure line valve and stop pumping. Check that the burette reading remains constant, (e) Lower the burette until the water level is at zero mark on the burette support. Note the water level reading on the burette scale. This is a measure of the total expansion and shall be recorded; (Open the hydraulic line drain valve to release pressure from the container. Raise the burette Until the water level is at the zero mark on the burette support. Check that the pressure is at zero and that the water level is constant;CP 12: Part 1: 2000 (9) Note the water level reading on the burette scale. This is a measure of the permanent expansion, if any, and shall be recorded; (h) Calculate the permanent expansion as a percentage of the total expansion from the following Permanent expansion x 100 formula; A —_ [see Subciause 8.7.3.2(c)] Total expansion Calibrated burette Overtiow Susie ered trons” £ Position Position when attest Pu pressure pressure isreleased LN Readings es permanent expansion expansion evice Figure § - Example of water jacket volumetric expansion test equipment (levelling burette method) F.2.3 Water jacket volumetric expansion test (fixed burette) ‘An example of the test equipment is shown in Figure 6. The procedure shall be as follows: (2) Fill the container with water and attach to the water jacket cover. (b) Seal the container in the jacket and fil the jacket with water, allowing the air to bleed off through the air bleed vaive. (©) Connect the container to the pressure line. Adjust the water level in the burette to a datum on the burette scale. Raise the pressure to approximately two-thirds of the test pressure, close the hydraulic pressure line valve and stop pumping. . Check that the water level in the burette remains constant. A rise in water level indicates either a leaking joint between the container and the jacket or a faulty container. (4) Open the hydraulic pressure line valve and restart the pump until the container test pressure is reached. Stop pumping and close the-hydraulic pressure line valve. Check that the burette ‘eading remains constant. Note the water level in the burette. The volume above the datum indicates the total expansion, and shall be recorded. 37CP 12: Part 1: 2000 (©) Open the hydraulic pressure line valve and restart the pump unt the container test pressure is reached. Stop pumping and close the hydraulic pressure line valve. Check that the burstte reading remains constant. Note the water level in the burette. The volume above the daturs indicates the total expansion, and shall be recorded. (©) Open the hydraulic line drain valve to release pressure from the container. The volume above the datum, if any, indicates the permanent expansion, and shall be recorded, (Calculate the permanent expansion asa percentage ofthe total expansion from the folowing Permanent jon_x 100 formula; “STARE —Sransion_* 100 90 Subciause 87.92(0)] Total expansion Overtiow Water supply Relief device Figure 6 — Example of water jacket volumetric expansion test equipment (fixed burette method) F.3_Non-water jacket volumetric expansion test F.3.1 General 2 2xample of the test equipment is shown in Figure 7. The non-water jacket volumetric expansion Trat Gonsists of measuring the amount of water passed into the container at test Pressure, measuring the water returned to the burette. It is necessary to allow for the compressibility of water to obtain true volumetric expansion. (No fallin pressure during the testis permitted. reaatages eakage from the system or the presence of tree or dissolved air will result in false readings. £.3.12 The water supply pipe shall be connected either to an overhead tank as shown, or to some other supply giving a sufficient head of water. 38CP 12: Part 1: 2000 F.3.2 Test equipment F221 Re apparatus shall be so arranged that all air can be removed and accurate readings can be obtained both of the volume of water required to pressurise the filed container and of the velurs expelled from the container when depressurised. OTe oa inate, Case oF larger containers, it may be necessary to augment the glass burette with metal tubes arranged in a manifold, £.3.22 Ia single acting hydraulic pump is used, care shall be taken to ensure that the piston is in the same position when water levels are noted. Supe tank Caliteates borette ‘ieee tale rae mg | so be supported hae tapes |] cate 1 Figure 7 — Example of non-water jacket volumetric expansion test equipment F.3.3 Procedure (2) _Fillthe container with water and determine the mass of water used. (b) Connect the container to the hydraulic test pump and fill the pump and system with water. (©) To ensure the expulsion of air from the system, close the air bleed and bypass valves and faige the system pressure to approximately two-thirds of the test pressure. Stop the pump and open the air bleed valve to release trapped air, reducing the system pressure to ere, reclose valve, Repeat as necessary. (3) Open make-up valve until the water level in the glass burette is high enough to accommodate the expansion of the container at test pressure. Close make-up valve and mark the mary level with the pointer; leaving isolating and air bleeds open. Record the water level. 39CP 12: Part 4 : 2000 ee (e) () (g) (h) wo F.3.4 Close air bleed valve. Raise the pressure until the test pressure is reached. Close the hydraulic pressure line vaive and stop the pump. After approximately 30 s, there should be no change in either the water level or the pressure. A change in water level indicates leakage in the equipment. A fall in pressure, if there is no leakage, indicates that the container is stil expanding under pressure and has failed the test, Record the fall of the water level in the burette. Providing there has been no leakage, the water drained from the burette will have been pumped into the container to achieve the test Pressure. This difference in water level is the total volumetric expansion plus an amount attributable to the compressibility of the water. The total volumetric expansion is obtained by ‘correcting for the compressibility of water as determined in Subciause F.3.5. Open the bypass vave slowly to release the pressure in the container and allow the water so released to return to the burette. The water level should approach the original level marked by the pointer. Any reduction in water level will denote the amount of permanent volumetric ‘expansion in the container. Before disconnecting the container from the test rig, close the pump suction isolating valve, This will leave the pump and system full of water for the next test. Action (c) shall, however, be repeated at each subsequent test. {f permanent volumetric expansion has occurred, record the temperature of the water in the container. Test results F.3.4.1 The test determines the volume of water required to pressurise the filled container to test pressure. F.3.4.2 The total mass and temperature of the water in the container under pressure are known, enabling the volume of the water in the container due to its compressibility to be calculated, The volume of water expelled from the container when depressurised is known. Thus total volumetric expansion (E,) and permanent expansion (E,) can be determined. F.3.4.3 Calculate the permanent volumetric expansion as a percentage of the total volumetric expansion from the following formula: F.3.5 Permanent expansion x 100 [see Subclause 8.7.3.2(c)] Total expansion Calculation of the compressibility of water ‘The equation used for the calculation of the compressibility of water is as follows: where. 0.68 P c= mpck - 268P , 10' is the compressibility (ml); is the mass of water at test pressure (ka); is the test pressure (bar); is the factor for individual temperatures as given in Table 8. VIO 40CP 12: Part 1: 2000 tt: 2000 Table 8 ~ ‘K’ factors for the compressibility of water °C *« °C. « °C « 15 0.04725 22 0.04633 29 0.04570 16 0.04710 23 0.04623 30 0.04563, 7 0.04695 24 0.04613 31 0.04557 18 0.04680 25 0.04604 32 0.04551 19 0.046681 26 0.04594 33 0.04546 20 0.04654 27 0.04585 34 0.04540 24 0.04634 28 0.04577 36 0.04536 F.3.6 Example of calculation In the following example, pipe stretch is considered to be zero. Test pressure (P) = 232 bar (gauge) Mass of water in container at zero gauge pressure = 113.8kg Temperature of water = 26°C 1745 mi 1.745 kg ‘Water forced into container to raise pressure to 232 bar Total mass of water (m) in container at 232 bar = 113.8 + 1.745 = 115.545 kg Water expelled from container to depressurise 1742 mi Permanent expansion (E,) = 1745 -1742 = 3mi From Table 8, K'factor for 26°C = 0.04594 0.68 P c= mp(K- 288P ( 70° ) = 115.545 x 232 (0.04594 - ae = 1227.26 ml Total volumetric expan: E,= 1745 - 1227.26 = 517.74 ml E> 409 = 3X100 B 517.24 0.58% ayove (se6 euedoid pue auo}{o0" panjossip Bulpnjoxe) ‘Si9uyeqUod je21peuw pue jeNysnpul 203 Buy 759} pue sBupyeW JoU;E\uED — g eunBiy ‘ON ¥3QUO SANVaNOD ONTTTIS SvO | ZI [NOLLD345NI_S.ANVaMOD ONITHI Sv9 | LL 'BUNSSIUd ONDNOM ® Isa | OF NOWDSASNI SAWN | 6 “ON SSW THOM NOWWorsIOaS ‘waLUWNO (Grav 155i) auvn5 VSA 1SaL ‘SAVIN U3NMO WSaNNN BaNIVINOD ‘oNzO7 nous 42CP 12: Part 1: 2000 ‘Sueujequoo se6 ejqeyenbi| pue yueueuod 40} sBuL ys9} onseIg — g ounBiy ‘Ssouequco seb jetasnpu Jo} Sosip a}ep $80} JO} Z 01921 019) - SLON (wansvno) comaa | ©) 7 ANvdWioo ONT svo | ©) ‘aNgou1 WNODWx3H uvinowioCP 12: Part 4: 2000 Standards referred to : BS 341 :- ‘Transportable gas container valves par 1: 1901 Industrial valves for working pressures up to and including 300 bar Part2: 1963 Valves with taper stems for use with breathing apparatus 8S 1780: 1985(1982) Specification for bourdon tube pressure and vacuum gauges BS 4375: 1968 ‘Specification for unsintered PTFE tape for thread sealing applications BS 5045: - Transportable gas containers Part: 1982 Seamless steel gas containers above 0.5 litre water capacity BS 5430 :- Specification for periodic inspection, testing and maintenance of transportable 928 containers (excluding dissolved acetylene containers) Part 1: 1990 Seamless steel containers of water capacity 0.5 litres and above BS 7079: - Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products PartO: 1990 Introduction Part At: 1989 Specification for rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of stee! substrates after overall removal of previous coatings Part A1 ; Supplement 1 : 1989 _Prepresentative photographic examples of the change of appearance imparted to steel when blast-cleaned with different abrasives Part C1: 1989 Specification for surface profile comparators for the assessment of abrasive blast-cleaned surfaces Part C2 : 1989 Method of the grading of surface profile of abrasively blast- cleaned steel using a comparator Part C3:: 1989 Method for the calibration of surface profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile using a focusing microscope Part C4 : 1989 Method for the calibration of surface profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile using a stylus instrument 180 32: 1977 ‘Gas cylinders for medical use — Marking for identification of content ISO 5145 : 1990 Containers valve outlets for gases and gas mixtures — Selection and dimensioningCP 12: Part 1: 2000 1S0 10286: 1996 Gas containers ~ Terminology 'SO11113: 1895 Containers for liquefiable gases (excluding acetylene and LPG) ~ Inspection at time of filing SS 152: 1976 'dentification of contents of industrial gas containers ‘SS 447 : 1998, Gas cylinders ~ Terminology 45