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Types and Methods of Observation in Research

1. Observation involves directly watching and interacting with research subjects to gather data. 2. It is a central method in qualitative research like ethnography where the researcher observes aspects of a cultural group's lifestyle. 3. There are different types of observation including participant observation where the researcher takes part in activities, and non-participation where they detach themselves from the subjects.

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Paolo Villanueva
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66 views25 pages

Types and Methods of Observation in Research

1. Observation involves directly watching and interacting with research subjects to gather data. 2. It is a central method in qualitative research like ethnography where the researcher observes aspects of a cultural group's lifestyle. 3. There are different types of observation including participant observation where the researcher takes part in activities, and non-participation where they detach themselves from the subjects.

Uploaded by

Paolo Villanueva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MS. JENNIFER F.

ORTIZ
- is a technique of
gathering data whereby
you personally watch,
interact, or
communicate with the
subjects of your
research.
Observation is the
central method in
qualitative types of
research, most
especially,
ethnography, in
which you observe
the lifestyle of a
cultural group.
TYPES OF
OBSERVATION
- the observer, who is the
researcher, takes part in
the activities of the
individual or group being
observed.
To record findings
through the
participant
observation, use
the diary method
or logbook.
Descriptive Observation
- first part of the diary

- initial part of the record


describes the people, places,
events, conversation, and
other things involved in the
activity or object focused on
by the research
Narrative account

- second part of the diary

- gives interpretation or
reflections about everything you
observed
- type of observation that
detaches you from the
target of your observation
Recording of non
participation
observations
happens through
the use of
checklist/observa
tion schedule.
Methods of
Observation
Methods of Observation

- makes you see


or listen to
everything that
happens in the
area of
observation.
Methods of Observation

- also called behavior


archaeology because,
here, you observe traces
of past events to get
information or a
measure of behavior,
trait, or quality of your
subject.
CONTINUOUS
MONITORING
OR CM
METHODS OF
INDIRECT
OBSERVATION
SPOT SAMPLING
Methods of Indirect
Observation

- observes to
evaluate the way
people deal with
one another.
Methods of Indirect
Observation

- was done first by


behavioral psychologist in
1920 with a focus on
researching the extent of
children’s nervous habits
as they would go through
their regular personality
development.
Methods of Indirect
Observation

- record
observations
through spot
sampling in an oral
manner, not in a
written way.
1. Time allocation (TA)

2. Experience
Sampling
- what goes into the record
are the best activities of
people you observed in
undetermined places and
time.
- you record people’s
responses anytime of the
day or week to question
their present activities,
companions, feelings and
so on.
Advantages of Observation

1. It uses simple data collection


technique and data recording
method.

2. It is inclined to realizing its


objectives.
Advantages of Observation

3. It offers fresh and firsthand


knowledge that will help you come out
with an easy understanding and deep
reflection of the data.

4. It is quite valuable in research


studies about organizations that
consider you, the researcher, a part of
such entity.
Disadvantages of Observation

1. It requires a long time for


planning.

2. Engrossed in participating in
the subjects’ activities you
may eclipse or neglect the
primary role of the research.
Disadvantages of Observation

3. It is prone to your hearing


derogatory statements from
some people in the group that
will lead to your biased stand
toward other group members.

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