Exp.

3
Analog-to-Digital (A/D) & Digital-to-Analog (DAC) Converters

Introduction:
In this experiment, we use both Analog-to-Digital (A/D) and Digital-to-Analog (DAC)
Converters. In the first part, we test the functionality of the analog-to-digital (ADC)
by using ADC0808 chip, which is an eight-bit successive approximation A/D
converter using CMOS technology. While in part two, for Digital-to-Analog (DAC)
converters, we use two circuits one is the weighted-resistor and the other one is
the R-2R Ladder Network.

Components:
ADC0808 Chip
Op amp 741 (two)
Resistors: 550 Ω (eight), 4K (one), 1k (three), 2k (four)
8 LEDs, and M-M Wires, AVO
Part 1: ADC
Steps:
1. Connect your ADC as in figure Fig.2, Note VCC (Pin 11) & GND (Pin 13) are
not shown in the schematic but you need to connect them.
2. For VCC, set the power supply (Ch1) to be 5 Volt
3. For the clock pin, adjust the function generator to have AC signal with 1K
frequency and 5 Volt peak to peak.
4. Connect eight LEDs series with eight 550 Ω resistors at the output of the
chip.
5. To test the circuit’s operation, change the power supply CH2 (Which
connected to pin 26) according to table #1.
6. For each of the analog input listed in the table, first, use cross multiplication
method to predict the 8-bit digital code that should be produced, and
record the digital output code that your circuit produces.
 Fig. 1 Pin Diagram

Fig. 2 ADC0808 Connection

 Digital output code
Analog
Measured Predicted
input
Binary Hex Binary Hex
0.1 V
0.2 V
0.5 V
0.7 V
1.0 V
1.5 V
2.0 V
2.5 V
3.0 V
4.0 V
4.5 V
5.0 V
Part 2 First Circuit: A simple 3-bit weighted-resistor type D/A
converter:

𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅

Vo=- [ 𝑏𝑏2 + 𝑏𝑏1 + 𝑏𝑏0 ]. 𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅
𝑅𝑅 2𝑅𝑅 4𝑅𝑅
Steps:
1. Let R and Rf equal to 1k ohm and connect the circuit as shown in the figure.
2. Adjust the power supply to 12 and -12 volt for biasing op amp.
3. Measure Vo for all combinations of the input binary set {b2, b1, b0), and fill
in the following table.
4. Comment on your results.

b2 b1 b0 Vo
Part 2 Second Circuit: A simple 3-bit R-2R ladder type D/A converter:

𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅

Vo=- [ 𝑏𝑏2 + 𝑏𝑏1 + 𝑏𝑏0 ]. 𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅
2𝑅𝑅 4𝑅𝑅 8𝑅𝑅

Steps:
1. Let R and Rf equal to 1k ohm and Connect the circuit as shown in the
figure.
2. Adjust the power supply to 12 and -12 volt for biasing op amp.
3. Measure Vo for all combinations of the input binary set {b2, b1, b0), and
fill in the following table.
4. Comment on your results.

b2 b1 b0 Vo