1.

Nước ngoài
The controversial topic of victim-blaming on social media was resurfaced when New
Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern shared her disbelief at the coverage of a terrorist
attack in the March 15th Christchurch massacre.

"The fact that someone would judge these people should make us question how sensible
it is to primarily use an individual's presence on social media for so-called investigation,"

She said about the way her country's public broadcaster had come under fire for focusing
on aspects such as whether Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi had been following Football
tables on Twitter, rather than investigating what may have motivated the gunman who
opened fire and killed 50 people, livestreaming it all.

New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern questioned how appropriate is it to focus on
a perpetrator of a terror attack's online identity, while missing the point entirely: which is
that more needs to be done to reach out to victims and directly tackle victim blame - not
just react to specific cases.

One way in which globalization has affected victim-blaming culture on social media is
the proliferation of fake news.

It has been observed that with the spread of awareness of the existence of privilege and
inequity, people have slowly become more conscious about what they post online. But it
has also led to a more pernicious trend: an increase in posting things online that are
blatantly false and put the blame for crime squarely on minority communities.

In Europe, terrorism is a concern for all citizens as terror organizations like ISIS continue
to radicalize Muslim youth and encourage them act out violently.
ISIS encourages members to create realistic scenarios in which civilians are targeted by
actual violence, espousing these calls through global media using advanced methods such
as multimedia campaigns, emotive language and opinion pieces published on online
content sharing platforms.

However, after almost every terrorist attack perpetrated by Western nationals, there will
be posts that blame Muslim immigrants or refugees living in Europe as responsible
parties while siding with President Trump's migration

Globalization implicates an increase in the sheer number of interactions, in our

vocabulary and in the use of the media. Information travelling at an immense rate, often
against their intentions arrives in disparate contexts that question or alter that context.

This has led to a high degree of risk. Historically, Globalization is associated with social
instability, violence and a predatory environment for human interactions.

Victim-blaming is also a part of globalization and thus more complex onto itself where it
has to be accepted as one among many other events (even disasters) occurring
simultaneously.

We can adopt a more woman-positive way without sacrificing rationality and without
being any less ethical beings.

2. Ảnh hưởng
Recent cyberbullying cases have showed more than any other show the harms that victim
blaming in Social Media might cause.

Recent Cyberbulling cases shows more than any other how the victim blaming in Social
Media might affect a woman after being sexually harassed or worse, raped. One of these
women has been abused verbally and trolled on her Instagram account, which is where
she posted her story about her rape so she could highlight how some people don’t believe
in women and that every sexual assault case must be taken seriously. In this instance,
especially when it comes to children and higher schools, one of the negative effects of
taking pictures used to bully someone (such as those of a wax figure) was shown when
those who mocked a student shot down at school started sending death threats to their
own classmates.

Prima-Knusbecke

Introduction: Prima-Knusbecke first coined in 1972 as occupational writings but have

since become something like "family literature": literature for

Points for and against victim blaming.

There are two camps with widely-varying arguments:

· Is victim blaming bad because it victimizes the victims of an assault or is it a natural

part of human behavior to want to blame somebody?

· Does it help the investigation of a crime by giving police unbiased more leads or does it
make the victim more distressed by not only having to disclose personal information, but
also present evidence and defend themselves? My argument is that whatever good that
can come from people being able to offer any feedback and speculation will be
outweighed by the bad -- which includes suspicion turning into conviction without any
real need for evidence, destabilizing victims and unwitting bystanders, leading them on
damaging paths. Victim blaming sets back justice, strips away someone's humanity in
both cognitive and societal status. Even if somebody isn't directly victimized, they still
innocent but they might feel unsafe just because they remember their rights don't matter
when they’re scrolling through Facebook.
—

Victims of violence and abuse are often blamed – often times even by the people
witnessing such event, who all too easily become moral bystanders.

Victim blaming occurs when responsibility for social problems or wrong-doing is cast,
entirely or partially, on the defective character, choices or actions of their victims instead
of discussing larger societal and environmental conditions conducive to oppression and
injustice.

Victim blaming is related to a number of psychological processes that include both

inducing emotions of self-blame in the victim and reminding one's self who deserves
blame. It also distances the observer from responsibilities they may have such as inaction,
removing people responsible and associating themselves with a certain social group.
Victim blaming can be described as not having a clear way to change victim outcomes
due to lack of support networks - which can lead to individual or group distress.

With the help of media and, more often than not, social media, victim blaming can be
even further propelled. Victims of sexual assault are blamed for not fulfilling expected
social norms appropriate to the situation, excessive drinking; wearing a short skirt;
provoking someone; and even being too polite or accepting “unwanted attention.”

Victim blaming has roots in traditional culture, but one particular 20th Century American
individual of note went so far as to advocate that women dress modestly not just to avoid
sexual assault but also heartache in general.

Victim blaming is born out in so-called “Say something nice” laws that incentivize
strangers or acquaintances to directly confront someone they are witnessing doing
something illegal or dangerous.
—

There is a general feeling of embarrassment or confusion that follows sometimes after

someone has had a tragic incident. Victim blaming is rampant in the media but these
types of posts are an avenue for people to vent.

One of the most common defenses against victim blaming concerns the perpetrators'
history and mental illness, but victim blaming can also be attributed to users on social
media platforms. Websites like Reddit use its algorithm to determine what content rises
up to prominence, usually based on popularity and interaction or engagement with other
users who see that comment as well. Why then would we expect Reddit to make positive
changes with their site if it does not have any significant financial incentive?

Bad social media posts often employ victim blaming. To obtain likes and followers,
people usually want to find someone to blame for the misfortunate - this leads to victims
blaming. Facebook, Twitter, or other social media platforms sometimes end up
employing victim-blaming in their algorithms.

As it can lead to long term psychological distress for victims of sexual assault and
historical trauma, as well as reinforcement of societal attitudes that contribute to trauma
mental health issues, this phenomenon should not be taken lightly by social media
platforms and has ethical implications online.

3. Nguyên nhân :
This article highlights how victim blaming as a meme or trend has affected social media
via their contexts, browsers, positioning and use.

Social networking sites globally can now tackle abuse by changing the situation of victim
blaming.
—

The advent of social media has ensured that was ever only a victim once in their life
would have come across this type of situation.

Social media came about to help the powerless have a voice and it also enabled not so
popular figures to have fame but by utilizing inappropriate comment sections, people get
emboldened as they feel as if they can voice anything they like on them unabated.

As such, Twitter has attracted flak in the recent past for not dealing with platform abuse
issues adequately and one outlier was the inordinate rise in cases of victim blaming where
instead of grieving the death of someone, the blame is transferred unto them making them
generally unpopular.

Victims of sexual violence can often feel like they failed to take “enough responsibility”
for their own safety. The rise of social media and cameras everywhere has only
augmented this feeling.

As a colloquial phrase, “What did he anticipate when s/he dressed that manner,” has
become an excuse in place of consolation when the victim is criticized for what they are
wearing or how they acted.

A recent study found that Facebook frames rape and incest victims as “responsible for
their transgressor’s offense and thus potentially culpable in some way.” This sentiment
isn't just on Facebook, but throughout all aspects of modern life where we're "guilty until
proven innocent."
The purpose as changing the situation of victim blaming on social networking platforms
is to create a forum that can help survivors recover from the trauma caused by sexual
abuse in its many forms. We do not know how to do this yet, but it's clear there should be
more than

4. Đổ lỗi :
Blaming a victim has been happening all around us. We see this all the time in
storytelling. Now using social networking platforms, people feel especially encouraged in
doing so and justify their actions. The society teaches victims to not complain about what
happened to them at lest among their peer groups, which ultimately gives power to
offenders

With a victim-blaming trend that’s been increasing on social media platforms for some
time now, it comes as no surprise that sites are doing something about the problem.

Sites that offer stories and video content have been introducing captions to their material
so viewers can choose to turn them off when they realize it’s triggering troubling
memories. These captions contain resources such as links to helplines and suicide
prevention hotlines, or information on support groups that work over message boards.
They may also recommend counseling or groups designed for young people who feel
marginalized.

YouTube, a popular site where victim blaming has been found to be especially
problematic, plans to introduce a technology called Quickscribe in April of this year. This
technology will utilize artificial intelligence so early warning messages can be quickly
written down even quicker than just having someone manning the computer constantly
monitoring videos.

—
#MeToo is a social media campaign involving people posting "me, too" if they've been
sexually assaulted or harassed. If a public figure blames the victim and reduces the
number of assaults that has been reported on this issue this might reflect on the general
public's acceptance of sexual harassment. Finally, blaming covers other forms of
victimization such as claiming that the woman seduced her rapist or the victim was
"asking for it".

A recent survey on women who participated in #metoo campaign represented their

motives to be

- A scare nobody kind of attitude forcing them to shut up about what happened to them

- Respect for themselves and each other

- Wanting others to know how common this is

- The need for revenge or for justice

Experience has lead to many peoples distraction to only focus on negative aspects

"The reason is that the situation of blaming the victim on social networking platforms is
increasing"

Articles, messages, content uploaded on Facebook and other social media channels
available both for public and private profile create a sense of availability that
encapsulates oneself at a large scale.
When people are abused or are in any form of unsafe situation, they tend to seek social
networking platforms as the place where they would feel safer. In many cases, the
majority's "online" criticism or blaming the victim originate from expressions of envy.
The fact some pictures done by the victim may be interpreted to be in an "easing state“

Leading to victim blaming is that most socialites or people do not realize what actually
happens in abusive situations; it may start with a partner touching their skin than
uncontrolled excessive physical abuse.

This situation leaves victims trying to think why him/her and them.Thus there is a need
for an emotional support system that brings hope but discourages sensitive accounts from
happening.

Sexual violence pervades online spaces. More and more women are abused, bullied, and
shamed on social networking platforms.

Bloggers that find themselves increasingly at risk for the consequences of an insecure
internet accessibility.

This marginalized group starts to publish personal details about themselves on the
internet to protect themselves from harassmentors. Blogging gives people more
confidence in their writing skills as they share their personal stories with others around
the world. Thus giving them a new way of connecting with audiences.

International Women's Social Media Group was founded to offer possibilities and
protections in extreme situations by raising awareness of harassed persons through
engaging messages, encouraging their communities engaged in building a culture that
respects its contributions made by women while reducing the number of sexual violence
incidents
In this sense, blogs not only offer content but also social support which increases
capacity.

The writing skills required for blogging are not formal academically taught ones but
creative and expressive writing skills about one’s self or reflections about oneself which
are often