Toan-Ung-Dung-Trong-Ky-Thuat - Lecture - Laplace-Transform - Examples-And-Exercises - (Cuuduongthancong - Com)

LAPLACE
TRANSFORMS
Introduction to Laplace
om
.c
transforms
ng
co
an
2st semester 2019-2020
th
ng
Instructor: Dr. Vu Quang Huy
o
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
Introduction
CuuDuongThanCong.com https://fb.com/tailieudientucntt
Why it is important to understand: Introduction to Laplace
om
transforms
.c
• The Laplace transform is a very powerful mathematical
tool applied in various areas of engineering and science.
ng
With the increasing complexity of engineering problems,
co
Laplace transforms help in solving complex problems
an
with a very simple approach; the transform is an integral
th
transform method which is particularly useful in solving
ng
linear ordinary differential equations. It has very wide
o
du
applications in various areas of physics, electrical

u
engineering, control engineering, optics, mathematics

cu
and signal processing. This chapter just gets us started

in understanding some standard Laplace transforms.
3/2/2020
At the end of this chapter, you
should be able to:
om
.c
• define a Laplace transform
ng
• recognise common notations used for the Laplace
co
transform
an
• derive Laplace transforms of elementary functions
th
ng
• use a standard list of Laplace transforms to
o
determine the transform of common functions

du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
3/2/2020
67.1 Introduction
co
an
th
o ng
The solution of most electrical circuit problems
du
u
can be reduced ultimately to the solution of

cu
differential equations. The use of Laplace∗

transforms provides an alternative method for
solving linear differential equations.
om
.c
ng
3/2/2020
co
67.2 Definition of a Laplace transform
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
3/2/2020
u
67.3 Linearity property

cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
67.3 Linearity property

om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
67.4 Laplace transforms of elementary functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
67.4 Laplace transforms of elementary

functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020

om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020

om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
67.5 Worked problems on standard Laplace
.c
transforms
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
67.5 Worked problems on standard
Laplace transforms
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
3/2/2020
cu
67.5 Worked problems on standard

Laplace transforms
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
3/2/2020
cu
67.5 Worked problems on standard Laplace

transforms
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
3/2/2020
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
om
Properties of Laplace
.c
ng
transforms
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
Introduction
Why it is important to understand: Properties of Laplace
transforms
om
• As stated in the preceding chapter, the Laplace transform
.c
is a widely used integral transform with many
ng
applications in engineering, where it is used for analysis
co
of linear time-invariant systems such as electrical
an
circuits, harmonic oscillators, optical devices, and
th
mechanical systems. The Laplace transform is also a
ng
valuable tool in solving differential equations, such as in
o
electronic circuits, and in feedback control systems, such
du
as in stability and control of aircraft systems.

u
cu
• This chapter considers further transforms together with

the Laplace transform of derivatives that are needed
when solving differential equations.
3/2/2020
should be able to:
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
3/2/2020
ng
67.1 Introduction
o
du
u
cu
The solution of most electrical circuit problems

can be reduced ultimately to the solution of
differential equations. The use of Laplace∗
transforms provides an alternative method for
solving linear differential equations.
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020
o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
3/2/2020
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020
o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020
o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020
o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
68.4 The initial and final value theorems

om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
3/2/2020
68.4 The initial and final value theorems

o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
om
.c
Inverse Laplace transforms
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
Introduction
Why it is important to understand: Inverse Laplace
om
transforms
.c
• Laplace transforms and their inverses are a mathematical
ng
technique which allows us to solve differential equations,
co
by primarily using algebraic methods. This simplification
an
in the solving of equations, coupled with the ability to
th
directly implement electrical components in their
ng
transformed form, makes the use of Laplace transforms
o
du
widespread in both electrical engineering and control

u
systems engineering.
cu
om
3/2/2020
.c
Introduction
ng
co
an
Why it is important to understand: Inverse Laplace
transforms
th
o ng
du
• Laplace transforms have many further applications in

u
cu
mathematics, physics, optics, signal processing, and

probability.
• This chapter specifically explains how the inverse Laplace
transformis determined, which can also involve the use
of partial fractions. In addition, poles and zeros of
transfer functions are briefly explained; these are of
importance in stability and control systems.
om
.c
3/2/2020
ng
co
should be able to:
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
• define the inverse Laplace transform

• use a standard list to determine the inverse Laplace
transforms of simple functions
• determine inverse Laplace transforms using partial
fractions
• define a pole and a zero
• determine poles and zeros for transfer functions, showing
them on a pole–zero diagram
om
.c
ng
co
3/2/2020
an
69.1 Definition of the inverse Laplace
transform
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
3/2/2020
69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

u
cu
functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
3/2/2020
cu

functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
3/2/2020
an
functions th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020

functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020

functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020

o
du
functions
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020

functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
3/2/2020

u
cu
functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
69.3 Inverse Laplace transforms using

partial fractions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
partial fractions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
3/2/2020
69.3 Inverse Laplace transforms using partial

u
cu
fractions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
3/2/2020
an
partial fractions th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
3/2/2020
du
69.3 Inverse Laplace transforms using partial

u
cu
fractions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
3/2/2020
du
u
cu
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
The Laplace transform of
the Heaviside function
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020
Introduction
o
du
u
cu
Why it is important to understand: The Laplace transform of

• The Heaviside unit step function is used in the
mathematics of control theory and signal processing to
represent a signal that switches on at a specified time
and stays switched on indefinitely. It is also used in
structural mechanics to describe different types of
structural loads.
om
• The Heaviside function has applications in engineering
.c
where periodic functions are represented. In many
ng
physical situations things change suddenly; brakes are
co
applied, a switch is thrown, collisions occur. The
an
Heaviside unit function is very useful for representing
sudden change.
th
o ng
3/2/2020
du

u
cu
should be able to:
• define the Heaviside unit step function

• use a standard list to determine the Laplace transform
of H(t −c)
om
of H(t −c) ・ f (t −c)
.c
ng
• determine the inverse transforms of Heaviside
co
functions
an
th
o ng
du
u
3/2/2020
cu
70.1 Heaviside unit step function
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
3/2/2020

o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020

om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
3/2/2020
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
3/2/2020
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020

o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020

om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng 3/2/2020
70.2 Laplace transform of H(t−c)

o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
3/2/2020
70.3 Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f( t −c)
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
70.3 Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
ng
3/2/2020
o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
3/2/2020
th
70.4 Inverse Laplace transforms of
ng
Heaviside functions
o
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
3/2/2020
co
70.4 Inverse Laplace transforms of Heaviside
an
functions
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
3/2/2020
.c
functions
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
70.4 Inverse Laplace transforms of

Heaviside functions
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
om
The Laplace transform of
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
3/2/2020
Introduction
Why it is important to understand: The Laplace transform of
om
• T he Heaviside unit step function is used in the
.c
mathematics of control theory and signal processing to
ng
represent a signal that switches on at a specified time
co
and stays switched on indefinitely. It is also used in
an
structural mechanics to describe different types of
th
structural loads. ng
• The Heaviside function has applications in engineering
o
where periodic functions are represented. In many

du
physical situations things change suddenly; brakes are

u
cu
applied, a switch is thrown, collisions occur. The

Heaviside unit function is very useful for representing
sudden change.
3/2/2020
should be able to:
om
.c
• define the Heaviside unit step function
ng
co
of H(t −c)
an
th
o ng
of H(t −c) ・ f (t −c)
du
u
• determine the inverse transforms of Heaviside

cu
functions
om
3/2/2020
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu

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LAPLACE

applications in various areas of physics, electrical

engineering, control engineering, optics, mathematics

and signal processing. This chapter just gets us started

determine the transform of common functions

can be reduced ultimately to the solution of

differential equations. The use of ​Laplace​∗

67.3 Linearity property

67.3 Linearity property

67.4 Laplace transforms of elementary functions

67.4 Laplace transforms of elementary

67.4 Laplace transforms of elementary functions

67.4 Laplace transforms of elementary functions

67.5 Worked problems on standard

67.5 Worked problems on standard Laplace

as in stability and control of aircraft systems.

• ​This chapter considers further transforms together with

The solution of most electrical circuit problems

68.4 The initial and final value theorems

68.4 The initial and final value theorems

Why it is important to understand: ​Inverse Laplace

widespread in both electrical engineering and control

• ​Laplace transforms have many further applications in

mathematics, physics, optics, signal processing, and

• ​define the inverse Laplace transform

69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple

69.3 Inverse Laplace transforms using

69.3 Inverse Laplace transforms using partial

69.3 Inverse Laplace transforms using partial

Why it is important to understand: ​The Laplace transform of

At the end of this chapter, you

should be able to:

• define the Heaviside unit step function

70.1 Heaviside unit step function

70.1 Heaviside unit step function

70.1 Heaviside unit step function

70.1 Heaviside unit step function

70.1 Heaviside unit step function

70.1 Heaviside unit step function

70.2 Laplace transform of ​H(t​−​c)

70.3 Laplace transform of ​H​(​t​−​c​) ​· ​f(​ t​ ​−​c​)

70.3 Laplace transform of ​H​(​t​−​c​) ​· ​f​(​t​−​c​)

70.3 Laplace transform of ​H​(​t​−​c​) ​· ​f​(​t​−​c​)

70.4 Inverse Laplace transforms of Heaviside

70.4 Inverse Laplace transforms of

where periodic functions are represented. In many

physical situations things change suddenly; brakes are

applied, a switch is thrown, collisions occur. The

• determine the inverse transforms of Heaviside

You might also like

differential equations. The use of Laplace∗

• This chapter considers further transforms together with

Why it is important to understand: Inverse Laplace

• Laplace transforms have many further applications in

• define the inverse Laplace transform

Why it is important to understand: The Laplace transform of

70.2 Laplace transform of H(t−c)

70.3 Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f( t −c)

70.3 Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)

70.3 Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)