College of Education

EDENG 109 - SURVEY OF THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

2nd Semester, AY 2022-2023

Discussion Paper No:

Title: VARIOUS LITERARY GENRE AFTER EDSA REVOLUTION
Date:
Objectives:
At the end of the discussion the student will be able to:
● Identify the various literary genres during Martial Law; after EDSA revolution; Contemporary
Literature;
● Differentiate the famous literary genres of EDSA revolution to Martial Law and Contemporary
literature,
● Discuss the different famous authors and literary works from Martial Law to the EDSA
revolution until Contemporary literature,
Discussion:
LITERATURE TIME PERIOD
LITERATURE DURING MARTIAL LAW PERIOD
Martial Law Proclamation No. 1081 was the declaration of Martial Law in the Philippines by
President Ferdinand E. Marcos. It became effective throughout the entire country on 21 September 1972.

The Philippine Literature During Martial Law

In 1972 Filipino writers started to use their writings to explore socio-political
realities. In a large number of magazines and journals, writers in both English and
Pilipino faced the problems of exploitation and injustice, and appropriated these
realities as the only relevant materials for their fiction.
Themes/Forms of Literature During Martial Law
● Protest Literature - referred to as revolutionary literature or the literature of circumvention (simply
defined as "a body of works that expressed social and political protest in veiled terms")
● Proletarian Literature - literature created by, about, or for members of the working class, focused
on working-class issues and usually conveying an anticapitalist, pro-socialist message.
● Prison Literature - a literary genre characterized by literature that is written while the author is
confined in a location against his will, such as a prison, jail or house arrest. The literature can be
about prison, informed by it, or simply coincidentally written while in prison.
● Circumvention Literature - Circumvention literature. Literary works that express social and political
transgression (offense) through metaphors, allegories, symbolism, etc.
Notable Works
● POEM
➢ POEM PROMETHEUS UNBOUND a poem entitled "Prometheus Unbound" appeared in
Focus. A magazine published and edited by an established and respected writer who had
chosen to be associated with the Marcos regime.
➢ It featured an acrostic, the first letters of the lines spelling out the favorite war-chant and
taunting slogan of demonstrators all over the country: "Marcos Hitler Diktador Tuta", the last
two words among the most common sobriquets applied to the strongman: 'dictator' and
'puppet'
➢ "kung ang tula ay isa lamang" ('if a poem was just') deceptively simple in construction
and elemental in prosody, has been held up as yet another fine example of protest writing.
● NOVEL
➢ Days of Disquiet, Nights of Rage: The First Quarter Storm & Related Events” by Jose F.
Lacaba (Anvil Publishing, Inc.)
➢ Originally published in 1982, before the actual end of the Marcos era, this gripping,
first-person account of the political awakening of the Filipino youth is considered by most to
be the definitive chronicle of latent student and labor activism in the Philippine setting.

DELOS SANTOS SHIELA S. BSED 2A 1

 College of Education
➢ “Killing Time in a Warm Place” by Jose Y. Dalisay, Jr. - This textured, award-winning
roman a clef is a lovely fictionalization of Dalisay’s own experiences as a student activist and
writer during the martial law years.
● TALE
➢ “ U.G. “ An Underground Tale: The Journey of Edgar Jopson and the First Quarter Storm
Generation” by Benjamin Pimentel, Jr. (Anvil Publishing, Inc.)
➢ Edgar “Edjop” Jopson, an Ateneo student council leader, devoted himself to the nascent
student activist movement.
NOTABLE AUTHORS
● Pete Lacaba - The name Lacaba has become a literary by- word, for a number of reasons.
➢ His contributions to journalism, poetry, and scriptwriting have become identified with both
literary excellence as well as social relevance.
● Jose Ma. Sison - A former English instructor at the University of the Philippines, who spent ten
years in prison, and wrote a whole volume of poems.
● F Sionil Jose - The first instrument of censorship in 1972 was the Army Office of Civil Relations
which granted licenses for new magazines and newspapers It also imposed guidelines which were
often arbitrary.
● Mila Aguilar - A former teacher of English literature at the University of the Philippines.
➢ Clarita Roja: Dare to Struggle, Dare to Win! (1974)
➢ The Mass Line /A Second Remoulding ( Manila 1977)
LITERATURE OF THE PHILIPPINES AFTER THE EDSA REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT
For Filipino writers and artists, the year 1986 marks the new beginning of a new scene.
● Non-governmental organizations have helped hand in hand with some institutions in giving
recognition to writers from specific sectors in the society. These NGO's include the Amado V.
Hernandez Foundation; the GAPAS foundation, and the KAIBIGAN.
● Pro-Marcos establishment newspapers and broadcast stations were closed.
● The Philippine Press Institute which has a mission to professionalize Philippine press was revived.
● The National Commission of Culture and Arts (NCCA) was created by the law.
● Post-EDSA publishing has been marked by adventurousness, a willingness to gamble on "non-
traditional projects.
● Liberalization and deregulation of telecom sectors and mass based information technologies.
Here under are the Themes of literary works in Post-EDSA Revolution era:
● Violation of human rights
● Poverty
● OFW experiences
● Nationalism
● Feminism
MEDIUM, LANGUAGE
English, Filipino and "Palanca" which is a synonym for quality literary works in both English and
Filipino are the languages used in the literary pieces by the authors.
DOMINANT FORMS OF LITERATURE ARE:
➢ Modern Poetry - new style of poetry writing in Tagalog
➢ Modern short story - stories set in - Philippines in English language
➢ Novel
➢ Essay
➢ Drama
➢ Short stories
FAMOUS AUTHORS AND THEIR NOTABLE WORKS
1.Lilia Quindoza Santiago
her work focuses on feminism in the lives of the indigenous people, the Ilocanos, and other
ethno-linguistic groups in the Philippines.: Famous poetry “Tula sa Sanaysay” The very last story of Huli
2. Charlson L. Ong
a multi-awarded fictionist and teaches literature and creative writing at the University of The
Philippines’ Department of Englishand Comparative Literature.

DELOS SANTOS SHIELA S. BSED 2A 2

 College of Education
3. Jose Dalisay, Jr.
a writer whose expertise is cover upon fiction, poetry, drama, nonfiction and screenplay: “Oldtimer
and Other Stories” “Killing Time in a Warm Place”
4. Ricardo Lee
a fictionist, journalist, and a playwight; a giant in Philippine Cinema: “Kabilang sa mga Nawawala”
“Si Tatang at mga Himala ng Ating Panahon”
5. Danton R. Remoto
A Filipino writer, essayist, reporter, editor, columnist, and professor and was a first prize recipient
attheASEAN Letter-Writing Contest for Young People.
6. Marjorie Evasco
a supporter of women's rights, especially of women writers, and is one of the earliest Filipina
feminist poets: “Sagada Stills in a Floating World” “A Legacy of Light: 100 Years of Sun Life in the
Philippine”
7. Ruth Elynia S. Mabanglo
a poet, playwright, journalist and a retired professor at theUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa advocating
for the Filipino language: “Liham ni Pinay mula sa Brunei” “Balada ni Lola Amonita”
LITERARY PIECES
● THE VERY LAST STORY OF HULI BY LILIA QUINDOZA SANTIAGO - This is about the life of Huli
after she survived the sexual exploitation from Padre Camorra. After jumping out of the dormitory
window, she dwelled around in search of food and shelter.
● THE EXECUTION BY CHARLSON ONG - Talks about freedom and justice during the martial law
● AMONG THE DISAPPEARED BY RICARDO LEE - A story about a boy named Jun-jun, son of a
“tibak” UP slang for “aktibista”. His father is one of those who fight against martial law. His father
was then captured and was never seen again. While his mother goes hiding in the mountains, he is
sent to other people to care for.
LITERATURE OF THE PHILIPPINES IN CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
Literature depicts the history, culture and tradition of a country. It is hard to imagine a nation without it.
Children’s Stories are composed of fiction and non-fiction.
The Notable Authors and their Literary Contribution During the 2000-2013
● Abdon M. Balde Jr. Chairman Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa Pilipinas (Writers Union of the
Philippines)
● Beverly Siy or Bebang published writers of all sorts of genres (from serious poetry to horror stories
for adolescents to humorous essays to erotic novels). President of Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika at
Anyo (LIRA) in 2007-2009. LIRA is the premiere and the oldest organization of Filipino poets who
write primarily in the national language.
● Allan Popa Author of seven collections of poetry, the most recent being Basta (Ateneo de Manila
University Press, 2009). He has received the Philippines Free Press Literary Award
● Dean Francis Alfar a Filipino playwright, novelist and writer of speculative fiction. He is an
advocate of the literature of the fantastic, publishing the annual Philippine Speculative Fiction series,
as well as a comic book creator and a blogger.
● Christina Pantoja Hidalgo a renowned teacher, editor, writer, and pioneer of creative nonfiction.
She was Vice President for Public Affairs of the University of the Philippines and at present is the
director of the University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House, and an associate of the UP Institute of
Creative Writing.
ACTIVITY
● Name the Famous Authors: The discussant will provide sentences that describe different authors
from martial law to contemporary period. After identifying the name of the famous authors the
students will attach the letters on the corresponding box. This objective type of activity is composed
of 15 items.
● Give or list down the famous literary works of different authors: The discussant will provide a
list of famous authors and the famous literary works will be randomly selected and put in a box. The
student will identify two famous literary works from the box and list it down below the author's name.

DELOS SANTOS SHIELA S. BSED 2A 3