PBTS COLLEGES,INC.

SENIOR
HIGHSCHOOL DEPARTMENT.

COMPILATION OF
ACTIVITIES, QUIZESS,
REVIEWERS AND
OUTPUTS IN 21ST
CENTURY LITERATURE
LESSON 1: VARIOUS DIMENSION OF PHILIPPINE
LITERARY HISTORY FROM PRE-COLONICAL TO
CONTEMPORARY

What is Philippine Literature? Is literature associated

with the Philippines from prehistory through its colonical
legacies and on to the present.
Pre-Spanish or Pre-Colonical Literature >During the
pre-spanish or pre-colonical period in 1500s when
Philippines were not yet colonized,Oral Tradition was the
form of literature which refers to works passed down
through speech from one generation to another.
ORAL TRADITION LITERATURE EXAMPLES
Folk song>These are the oldest type and these song
mirrored the early forms of culture,most of these songs
have only 12 syllables.
Folk tales or kwentong bayan>These are made up of
stories about life adventure love horror and humor where
on can derive lessons about life.
Lullabies>These are locally known as “hele” these are
song to put babies to sleep the content varies but usually
parent sing things with ideas and how hard life is and how
they hope that their child will not experience the hardships
of life.
Bugtong>These are made up of one or more measured
lines with rhyme and may consist of four to 12 syllabes.
Kasabihan or Sayings>These are figure words said by
our ancestor which teach moral lessons often used in
teasing or to comment on a persons.
Sawikain>These are brief instructive experssions that
suggest a specific action behavior or judgment they
prescribe nor, impart a lesson or emphasize traditions and
beliefs in a community.
The epic age>Epics are long narrive poems in which a
series or heroic achivements or events usually of a hero
are dealt with at length.
Spanish Colonical Period>It is an accepted belief that
the Spanish colonization of the Philippines started in
16565 during the time of Miguel lopez de legazpi the first
Spanish governor-general in the Philippines.
THE FIRST THREE BOOKS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Ang Doctrina Cristiana>This was the first book printed in
the Philippines in 1593 it was written by Fr.Juan de
Plancencia and Fr.Domino Nieva in tagalog Spanish it
contains chants and catholic prayers it only has 87 pages
but cost 5000 dollars.
The Pasion>This is the book about the life and sufferings
of jesus Christ it is read only during lent.
Urbana at Felisa>It is written by modesto de castro these
are letters between two sisters urbama at felisa and have
influenced greatly the behavior of people in society
because the letters dealt with good behavior.
RECTIONAL PLAYS
Rectional Plays>Also emerged during the Spanish period
these are performed Filipinos during the Spanish times.
Period of Enlightment (1872-1898) In 18th century
Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe called ilustrados
began to write about the hitch of colonization.
The Propagand Movement (1872-1896) This movement
was spearheaded mostly by intellectual middle class like
Jose Rizal,Marcelo Del Pilar,Graciano
Lopez,Jeana,Antonio Luna,Mariano Ponce,Jose Ma
Panganiban and Pedro Paterno.
The American Regime (1898-1944) With the advent of
education in the philippines americans influenced Filipino
writes to writes using English language many Filipinos
started writing again and the nationalism of the people
remain undaunted.
The Japenese Period (1941-1945) During the Japanese
period the inavders saw it that Filipino movements be
limited the wirter stopped wielding pens and started
wielding guns Philippine literature in English came to halt
except for the TRIBUNE and the PHILIPPINES REVIEW.
THREE TYPES OF POEMS EMERGED DURING
THIS PERIOD:
Haiku>A poem of free verse that thr japanese like it was
made up of seven syllables divided into three lines.
Tanaga>Like the haiku,is short,but it had measure and
rhyme
Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form)
Philippine Literature in English (1941-1945) Because of
the steak prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the
writing and publishing of works in English Philippine
literature in english experienced a dark period for the first
20 years many books were published both in Filipino in
English.
New Filipino Literature>In the new Filipino literature
Philippine literature in tagalog was revived during this
period most teams in the writings dealt with Japanese
brutalities tha poverty of life under the Japanese
government and the brave guerilla exploits.
Period of Activism (1970-1972) The youth became
vocals government it was manifested in the bloody
demanstrations and the sidewalk experissios but also in
literature.
Period of the New Society (1972-1980) The period of the
new society started on September 21,1972 the carlos
polanca awards continued to give annual awards poems
dealt with patience,regard for native culture,custome,and
the beauties of nature and surroundings newspaper
donned new forms.
Period of the thirs republic (1981-1985) Poems during
this period of the third republic were romantic and
revolutionary many Filipino songs deal with themes that
were true to life those of grie,poverty,aspirations for
freedom,love of god of country and fellowmen.
Post-Edsa 1 Revolution (1986-1995) In this period,
changes were noticed in the new Filipino
songs,newspaper,speeches,and even in the television
programs the newspapers that enjoyed an overnight
increase in circulation ere the THE INQUIRER,MALAYA.
21ST Century Period (2001-Present) The new treds have
been used and introduced to meet the needs and tastes of
the new generation 21st century learners are demanded to
be ict inclined to compete with the style and format of
writing as well new codes are lingos are used to add flavor
in the literary pieces produced nowadays.
LESSON 2: CANONICAL AUTHORS AND WORKS OF
PHILIPPINE ARTISTIC IN LITERATURE

Carlos Pena Romulo> Was a Filipino diplomat

statesman,Soldier,Journalist,and author he was a reporter
at 16.A news paper editor by the age of 20 and a publisher
at 32 tie was a co-founder of the boy scouts of the
Philippine army a university president,president of the un
general assembly was eventually named one of the
Philippines national artistsin literature and wad recipient of
many other honors and honorary degrees.
Major Works:Forty Years: A third world soldier at the un
and the Philippine presidents his oral history of his
experiences serving all the Philippine presidents.
Jose Garcia Villa>Was a Filipino poet,literary critic,short
story writer and a painter he was awarded the national
artists of the Philippines title for the literature in 1973 as
well as the guggenhein fellowship in creative writing by
condrad aiken.
Major Works:Foot note to youth,Many Voices,Poems by
deveglion,Poems 55,Poems in Praise of love,The best
love poems of jose Garcia villa as chosen by himself.
Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzales>Was Filipino
novelist,short story writer,Essayist and poet,Conferred the
national artists of the Philippines for the literature 1997.
Born:November 8,1951 (Romblon,Capiz Philippine Island)
Died:November 28,1999 (84)
Occupation:Teacher,Author,Journalist,Essayist
Novels:The Winds, A Season of Grace, The Bamboo
Dancers.
Cirilio F. Bautista>Was a Filipino Poet, Critic and writer
of nonfiction a national artist of the Philippines awards was
conferred on him in 2014.
Born:July 9,1941 (Manila Commenwealth of the
Philippines)
Died:May 6,2018 (76)
Poetry:Summer Suns, The Cave and Other Poems,
Sunlight on Broken Stone, Kirot ng Kataga at marami
pang iba.
Fiction:Stories, Galaw ng Asoge
Literary Theory and Cultural Studies:Breaking Signs,
Bullets and Roses.
Edith Tiempo>Poet, Fiction Writer, Teacher and Literary
Critic Was a Filipino Writer in the English Language.
Born:April 22,1919
Died: August 21,2011
Spouse:Edilebrto K. Tiempo
Education: Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards For Poetry
and more
Parents:Teresa Cutaran and Salvador T. Lopez
Amado V. Hernandez>Was a Filipino Writer and labor
leader who was known for his criticism of social injustices
in the Philippines and wad the central figure in a landmark
legal case that took 13 years to settle.
Born:September 13,1903
Died:March 24,1970 at the age of 66
Spouse:Atang De La Rama
Awards:Order of national artists of the Philippines
Novels:Mga ibong mandaragat, Luha ng buwaya, Pili sa
pinili.
Poems: Isang dipang langit, Panata sa kalayaan, Ang
mga kayamanan ng tao, Ang dalaw kay silaw, Bartolina,
Bayani at marami pang iba.
Essays:Si atang at ang dulaan, Si jose Corazon de jesus
at an gating panulaan
Virgilio Senadrin Almario>Better Known by his Pen
Name Rio Alma is a Filipino artist , author,
poet,critic,translator,editor,teacher and cultural manager.
He is national artists of the Philippines and currently
serves as the chairman of the kominsyon sa wikang
Pilipino.
Born:Virgilio Senadrin Almario March 9, 1944 (77)
Pen Name:Rio Alma
Occupation:Poet,Literary Critic, Lecturer, Editor
Nationality:Poetry and Essay
Spouse:Emelina B. Soriano
Children:Asa Victoria, Ani Rosa, Agno Virgilio
Poetry Collections:Palipad-hangin, Katon para sa limang
pandama, Sentimental, Estremelenggoles, Memo mulang
gimokudan atbp.
Lazaro A. Francisco>Was a Filipino novelist, essayist
and playwright Francisco was posthumously named a
national artist of the Philippines for literature in 2009
Born:February 22, 1898
Died:June 17, 1980
Known For:Ilaw sa hilaga,Bayang nag
patiwakal,Makaganda pa ang daigdig.
Awards:Order of National Artist of the Philippines
Major Works:Binhi at bunga, Cesar, Ama, Bayang nag
patiwakal, Sa paanan ng krus, atbp.
Short Stories:Deo, Ang idolo, Ang Pagtitika, Utos- Hari,
Puwit ng Baso, Kapulunan ng mga pinagpala.
Plays:Utos- Hari, Ang ikaapat na mago.
LESSON 3: NAMES OF AUTHORS AND THEIR WORKS
AND BACKGROUNDS OF THE LITERATURE FROM
THE REGION WHERE THE HIGH.
AUTHORS:
Video>Some Information About Filipino Authors.
F.Landa Jocano>Felipe Landa Jocano.
Amado V. Hernandez>Amado Vera Hernandez
Soledad Reyes>Selodad Sarmiento Reyes
Jose Rizal>Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado
Francisco Balagtas>Francisco Balagtas Y. Dela Cruz

Felipe Landa Jocano(February 5,1930 – October 27,

2013) was a Filipino anthoropolgis,educator and author
known for his significant body of work within the field of
Philippine Anthropology.
  Sulod Society(1968)
 Growing Up in a Philippine Barrio(1969)
 Slum as a Way of Life(1975)
 Philippine Prehistory(1998)etc.
Amado Vera Hernandez Commonly known as Amado V.
Hernandez (September 13, 1903- March 24, 1970) was a
Filipino writer and labor leader who was known foor his
criticism of social injustices in the Philippines and was
later imprisoned for his invovlment in the communist
movement.
Novels-Mga Ibong Mandaragit 1969, Luha ng Buwaya
1972.
Poems-Isang Dipang Langit, Punata sa Kalayaan etc.
Essays-Si atong at ang dulaan, Si Jose Corazon De
Jesus at an gating panuluan.
Soledad Reyes (Born 5 March 1946) is a Philippine
Literature scholar literary and art
critic,author,anthologist,consultant,processor,instructor,edi
tor,annotator,researcher, and essayist in the Philippines.
 Nobelang Tagalog,1905-1975 tradisyon at
modernism.
 Pagbasa ng Panitikan at kulturang popular:piling
sanaysay 1976-1996
 Reading Popular Culture.
 Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado Y. Alonso Realonda
(Born june 19,186,calamba,Philippines-died December
30,1896 manila) patriot,physician,and man of letters
who was an inspiration to the Philippine nationalist
movement.
 Noli me tangere
 El Filibusterismo
 Una Visita Del Snore a Filipinas
Francisco Balagtas Y. De La Cruz (April 2,1788-
February 20, 1862) commonly known as Francisco
balagtas and also as fraancisco baltasar was a prominent
Filipino poet during the Spanish colonial period of the
Philippines.
Balagtas Works
 Florante at laura
 La india elegantre y el negrito amante
 Orosman at Zafia.