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Peter was the leader of the twelve Apostles and was a spokesman
for Jesus. He first confessed Jesus and declared Him as the Son of the
Living God, was at the Mount of Transfiguration, saw Jairus' daughter
raised to life, and denied Christ before a maiden. He was martyred on a
cross and his apostolic symbol is a cross upside down with crossed keys.
Judas Iscariot, the traitor, was the son of Simon who lived in
Kerioth of Judah and betrayed Jesus for thirty pieces of silver. He
was a violent Jewish Nationalist and covetous man who used his
position as treasurer of the band to pilfer from the common purse .
His apostolic symbol is a hangman's noose with pieces of silver falling
from it.
Matthew, or Levi, son of Alpheus, lived in
Capernaum and was a publican or tax collector.
He wrote the Gospel that bears his name and
died a martyr in Ethiopia. It is likely that James
the lesser was Matthew's brother, also the son of
Alpheus. Jews were the most vigorous haters of
tax gatherers, believing God was the only one to
pay tribute in taxes. Matthew was a despised tax collector who was
known to assess duty payable at impossible sums and offer to lend the
money to travelers at a high rate of interest. Jesus saw the potential
in Matthew and made him one of His men. He became the first man
to write down the teachings of Jesus and was a missionary of the
Gospel. His apostolic symbol is three money bags.
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