CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter shows the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data

gathered.

Profile of the Respondent

This study examined the profile of the respondents according to their age,

sex, and grade level.

Age.

The table below presents the frequency distribution of respondents

according to their age

Table I
Age Frequency Percentage

16 5 12.5%

17 21 52.5%

18 14 35%

Total 40 100%

Frequency Distribution according to Age

The table above showed that out of forty (40) respondents, there are

twenty-one (21) at the age of 17 which accounts for 52.5%; fourteen (14) at the
age of 18 accounting for 35%; and five (5) at the age of 16 accounting for the

remaining 12.5%.

This showed that most respondents who participated to answer the

questionnaire in the study are at the age of 17 which takes up more than half of

the overall number of respondents. The next is the respondents which are aged

18 which takes up more than a third of the total respondents and lastly are those

aged 16 which take up a measly portion of the overall number of respondents.

This showed that middle aged adolescent, particularly students aged 16-18

wanted to be more involved in the topic about oral reading fluency.

Such that, Fluency, particularly the rate at which a reader can process

words accurately, has been associated with reading ability in the middle grades.

Clemens et al., (2017); Sabatini et al., (2019)

Sex.

The table below showed the frequency distribution of respondents

according to their sex.

Table II

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 17 42.5%

Female 23 57.5%

Total 40 100%

Frequency Distribution according to Sex

 The table above showed that out of forty (40) respondents, the twenty-

three (23) females take up 57.5% the seventeen (17) males take up the

remaining 42.5%.

This showed that there are more female respondents than male

respondents who are involved in the study. This showed that females are more

willing to participate in this study than males.

Since, females spend more time on homework and less time playing video

games, which contributes to their higher reading scores. They take school more

seriously than boys and try harder in schoolwork and reading comprehension

tests. Watkins (2019)

Grade Level.

This table shows the frequency distribution of respondents

according to grade level.

Table III

Grade Level Frequency Percentage

11 20 50%

12 20 50%

Total 40 100%

Frequency Distribution according to Grade Level

 The table above showed that out of forty (40) respondents, there were

twenty (20) grade 11 students which accounts for 50% and twenty (20) grade 12

students accounting for 50% of the total number of respondents which accounts

for the other half.

This showed that the number of grade 11 students are proportionate to the

number of grade 12 students. This was done because the general scope of the

study are the senior high students in order to balance the population so that the

results would be fair.

Such as that according to Sembiring (2018), students who have high

knowledge or grade level tend to have better content area reading

comprehension than those who are in lower levels. Showing how the grade 11

and 12 students have better expertise in regarding the study.

Reading Materials

This study examined the mean of the reading materials used by the

respondents according to frequency. There were seven (7) reading materials

involved in this study. The researchers used the mean distribution formula as the

statistical treatment.

Table IV

Mean Distribution of Reading Material

Reading Materials Mean Description

Textbooks 3.825 Often

Novels 2.35 Rarely

 Encyclopedia 2.35 Rarely

Dictionary 3.125 Sometimes

Comics 2.475 Rarely

Newspapers 2.25 Rarely

Magazines 2.35 Rarely

The table above showed that textbooks are within the mean range of 3.51-

4.50 which is considered as often used, dictionaries are within the mean range of

2.51-3.50 which is considered as sometimes used, and novels, encyclopedias,

comics, newspapers, and magazines are within the mean range of 1.51-2.50

which is considered as rarely used reading materials.

This showed that the most used reading material that was found through

the survey questionnaire is the textbooks, the next is the dictionary which is

sometimes used, and lastly are the novels, encyclopedias, comics, newspapers,

and magazines are the least used or rarely used.

As emphasized by Dockx (2020), it is plausible to expect that a school’s

choice of a textbook affects that school’s learning progress in reading

comprehension. Clearly showing why textbooks are often used.

Benefits of Oral Reading Fluency

This study examined the mean distribution of the benefits of oral reading

fluency according to agreement.

 Table V
Mean distribution of Benefits according to agreement

Benefit Number Mean Description

1 4.325 Agree

2 3.9 Agree

3 3.825 Agree

4 4.225 Agree

5 4.275 Agree

6 3.7 Agree

7 3.7 Agree

8 4.35 Agree

9 4.25 Agree

10 4.425 Agree

The table above showed that the mean of all ten benefits were within the

mean range of 3.51-4.50 which is then considered in the mean distribution table

as agree. It showed that all respondents of the study agree to the benefits given

by the researchers.

This showed that the approval rate of students regarding the benefits of

promoting oral reading fluency and it suggested that these benefits are indeed

agreed to have perks to the respondents.

In connection to the statement of Nieporent (2021), Fluency is important

because it builds a bridge between word recognition and comprehension. It

allows students time to focus on what the text is saying. They are able to make

connections between what they are reading and their own background

knowledge.