Ex.2pag.

60
a) Reading other people’s letters is not fair play.
b) Members of the opposing team refused to play ball with us.
c) A man has been found dead and the police suspect foul play.
d) In debate, as well as in other extracurricular activities, everyone should respect the principle
of fair play.
e) If our plane is on time, we have a sporting chance of getting to Paris before midnight.
f) People have a moral duty to play the game in public.
g) It’s definitely not fair play to cheat in exams.
h) It’s not good when a sportsman intends to win by foul play.
i) It is not very easy to orientate oneself in some unfamiliar surroundings.
j) He is determined to win the elections by any means necessary.
k) She gave me a sporting chance of winning by letting me start first.
l) We wanted to get the committee’s agreement on the new plan of actions, but they wouldn’t
cooperate.
m) It is not honourable to absent oneself at important sittings of the committee.

Ex.3 pag.61
Vessel: Vehicle: Aircraft:
Cruise ship Scooter Jet plane
Ice breaker Motor car Aeroplane
Yacht Lorry Helicopter
Ferry Motorcycle Amphibian
Passenger liner Van
Cargo ship Coach
Sailing ship Bus
Man-of-war
Boat
Ex3.pag62
"An exploring expedition is daily exposed to a succession of accidents, any one of which might
be fatal to its further progress." - This sentence contains the phrase "exploring expedition" which
refers to a journey undertaken by a group of people to explore an unknown or unfamiliar area.
The phrase "succession of accidents" means a series of unexpected and unwanted events that
occur one after the other.
"Hence the success of the expedition depends on a chain of eventualities, each link of which
must be a success; for if one link fails at that point, there must be an end of further advance." -
The phrase "chain of eventualities" refers to a sequence of events that need to happen in a certain
order for a successful outcome. The sentence means that the success of the expedition depends
on a series of successful events and if any one event fails, the progress will stop.
"It is therefore well, especially at the outset of a long journey, not to go hurriedly to work, nor to
push forward too thoughtlessly." - The phrase "at the outset of a long journey" refers to the
beginning of a long journey. The sentence means that it is better to not rush at the beginning of a
long journey and take time to acclimate and avoid unnecessary hardships.
"It is better to think of a return to civilisation, not as an end to hardship and a haven from ill, but
as a close to an adventurous and pleasant life." - The phrase "an adventurous and pleasant life"
means a life full of exciting experiences and good memories. The sentence means that one
should not think of returning to civilization as an escape from hardship and difficulties but as the
end of a fulfilling and enjoyable journey.

Ex4.pag62
a. fatal
b. cattle
c. hence
d. hardship