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  • Baltimore Classification System Viral Genome Groups

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    Rooshna Firdous
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    The Baltimore Classification System categorizes viruses into 7 groups based on their genome type and replication strategy. Group I contains DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus. Group II contains single-stranded DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus. Group III contains double-stranded RNA viruses that use RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group IV contains single-stranded RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group V contains single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses that replicate using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group VI contains retroviruses like HIV that use reverse transcriptase and have an RNA intermediate. Group VII contains hepatitis viruses that have an RNA genome and use reverse transcriptase to produce DNA.

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    The Baltimore Classification System categorizes viruses into 7 groups based on their genome type and replication strategy. Group I contains DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus. Group II contains single-stranded DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus. Group III contains double-stranded RNA viruses that use RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group IV contains single-stranded RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group V contains single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses that replicate using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group VI contains retroviruses like HIV that use reverse transcriptase and have an RNA intermediate. Group VII contains hepatitis viruses that have an RNA genome and use reverse transcriptase to produce DNA.

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    7 views1 page

    Baltimore Classification System Viral Genome Groups

    Uploaded by

    Rooshna Firdous
    The Baltimore Classification System categorizes viruses into 7 groups based on their genome type and replication strategy. Group I contains DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus. Group II contains single-stranded DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus. Group III contains double-stranded RNA viruses that use RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group IV contains single-stranded RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group V contains single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses that replicate using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Group VI contains retroviruses like HIV that use reverse transcriptase and have an RNA intermediate. Group VII contains hepatitis viruses that have an RNA genome and use reverse transcriptase to produce DNA.

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    Baltimore Classification System:

    ● Group I: Herpesvirus, Poxvirus, Adenovirus


    o Double stranded (ds) DNA genome
    o Enveloped or non-enveloped
    o Replicate in the nucleus (except poxvirus)
    o Early proteins 🡪 replication
    o Late proteins 🡪 structural
    ● Group II: Parvovirus
    o Single stranded (ss) DNA genome (either positive or negative sense)
    o Non-enveloped
    o Replicate in the nucleus
    ▪ ssDNA 🡪 dsDNA
    ● Group III: Rotavirus, Reovirus
    o dsRNA genome (positive or negative sense)
    o RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase
    o No DNA intermediate
    ● Group IV: Poliovirus, Picornavirus, Togavirus
    o ssRNA (positive sense) genome with an IRES element
    o Enveloped or non-enveloped
    o Replication in the cytoplasm
    o RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase
    o No DNA intermediate
    ● Group V: Rabies Virus, Rhabdovirus, Orthomyxovirus
    o ssRNA (negative sense) genome
    o Enveloped
    o RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase
    o No DNA intermediate
    o Positive sense ssRNA template for genome replication
    ● Group VI: HIV, Retrovirus
    o ssRNA (positive sense) with Reverse Transcriptase – 2 identical (diploid) copies
    o Enveloped
    o Replication occurs in the nucleus
    o RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase (Reverse Transcriptase)
    o RNA with a DNA intermediate in life-cycle
    ● Group VII: Hepatitis C Virus, Hepadavirus
    o dnDNA (positive or negative sense) with Reverse Transcriptase and a partial ssDNA
    overhang
    o Enveloped
    o Replication occurs in the nucleus
    o RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase (Reverse Transcriptase)
    o DNA with an RNA intermediate in life-cycle

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