Computer System Servicing: Quarter 1, Week 1, Lesson 1

7/8
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER SYSTEM
SERVICING
Quarter 1, Week 1, Lesson 1
USING AND MAINTAINING HAND TOOLS

LO 1. Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken - TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIIa-17
LO 2. Prepare hand tools - TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIIb-18
LO 3. Use appropriate hand tools and test equipment - TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIIc-19
LO 4. Maintain hand tools - TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIId-20
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING 7/8
K-12 –TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION
Activity Sheet No.: 1
Activity Title: Preparing for the task to be undertaken

Learning Competency: LO 1 Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken
Learning Target: 1.1 Identify tasks to be undertaken properly.
1.2 Identify and select appropriate hand tools according to the task requirements
References: COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING 1, Automotive - LM
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIIa-17
LO.1 Concept Notes
A tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task. Tools range from a traditional metal
cutting part of a machine to an element of a computer program that activates and controls a particular
function.
Preparing for the task to be undertaken includes proper tool selection.

1. How do you select the best tool for the job? First, know and understand in detail the scope of
work to be accomplished, second, plan for the scope taking into account the sequence of tasks.
2. Selecting the best tool for each task requires training in the proper use of the tools, field
experience in their safe use, and following the manufacturer’s guidance and instructions for that specific
tool.
3. When obtaining the tool all the associated tooling and consumable parts, as recommended by
the manufacturer, must be included. In addition, related consumable parts must also be selected and
used according to their manufacturer’s instructions.
Safe Use of tools

Once selected, use the tool for the purpose for which it was designed. Not all tools come with
detailed instructions, but there are those that do spell out the safety ―Do’s and Don’ts for your safety. If
there are set-up/use options, operator judgment must always be based on what is the safest way to use
the tool.
Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:

• All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance
• The right tool be used for the job
• Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or defective tools NOT to be used
• Tools be operated according to manufacturer’s instructions
• The right protective equipment for the tool and activity be used
Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

Grade and Section: ____________________
LO.1 Performance Task
Directions. Look or think of a tool inside your house then identify the tools where it is needed. Example
is given below; you can answer as many as you can. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
TOOLS TOOLS NEEDED

1. Philip head Screwdriver Loosening and tightening tool
2.
3.
Activity Title: HARDWARE TOOLS

Learning Competency: LO 2 Prepare hand tools
Learning Target: 2.1 Check appropriate hand tools for proper operations and safety.
2.2 Identify and mark unsafe or faulty tools for repair according to standard company procedure
References: COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING 1,
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIIb-18
LO.2 Concept Notes
HARDWARE TOOLS
To complete hardware repairs, it is important to have a toolkit that should contain all of the
necessary tools. As you gain experience, you will learn which tools to have available for different types of
jobs. Hardware tools are grouped into these four categories:
 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools
 Hand tools
 Cleaning tools
 Diagnostic tools

Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Tools
Static electricity is easily generated by friction on carpets, tile flooring, clothing, hair, fabric, and
etc. The friction of moving air alone will charge suspended particles and cause the buildup of static
electrical charges on people and objects in the environment. Grounded antistatic work mats used with
antistatic wrist straps provide the most basic means for the controlled discharge of electrostatic
electricity. Examples of ESD Tools:
Anti-static wrist strap – Anti-static mat – used to stand

used to prevent ESD damage on or place hardware on to
to computer equipment. prevent static electricity from
building up.
Hand Tools
A hand tool is a device for performing work on a material or a physical system using only hands.
The hand tools can be manually used employing force, or electrically powered, using electrical current.
Examples of Hand Tools:
Flat head screwdriver – Philips head screwdriver – used to

used to loosen or tighten loosen or tighten crosshead screws.
slotted screws.
Torx screwdriver - used to loosen or tighten Hex driver – sometimes called a nut
screws that have a star-like driver, is used to tighten nuts in the
depression on the top, a same way that a screwdriver tightens
feature that is mainly found screws.
on laptop.
Needle-nose plier – used to Wire cutter – used to strip and cut
hold small parts. wires.
Tweezers – used to Part retriever – used to retrieve

manipulate small parts. parts from location that are to small
for your hand to fit.
Flashlight – used to light
up areas that you cannot
see well.
Cleaning Tools
Having the appropriate cleaning tools is essential when maintaining or repairing computers. Using
these tools ensures that computer components are not damaged during cleaning.
Examples:
Lint-free cloth – used to Compressed air – used to
clean different computer blow away dust and debris
components without from different computer
scratching or leaving debris. parts without touching the
components.
Cable ties – used to bundle Parts organizer – used to
cables neatly inside and hold screw, jumpers,
outside of a computer. fasteners and other small
parts and prevents them
from getting mixed together.
Diagnostic Tools
Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new generation of hardware and
operating system update, but that doesn't mean they're problem-free. Here's the most popular tools for
diagnosing your computer problems:
Multimeter – used to test the Loopback Adapter – used to

integrity of circuits and the test the functionality of
quality of electricity in computer ports.
computer components.
Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

LO.2 Self Check

Direction. Select the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which tool is used for hardware to stand on to prevent static electricity from building up?
a. Anti-static mat b. Hex driver c. Philips head screwdriver d. Wire cutter
2. Which tool is used to loosen or tighten cross-head screws?
3. Which tool is sometimes called a nut driver? It is used to tighten nuts in the same way that a
screwdriver tightens screws?
4. Which tool is used to strip and cut wires?
5. Which tool is used to retrieve parts from location that are too small for your hand to fit?
a. Part Retriever b. Lint-free Cloth c. Cable ties d. Flat head screwdriver
6. Which tool is used to clean different computer components without scratching or leaving debris?
7. Which tool is used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer?
8. Which tool is used to loosen or tighten slotted screws?
9. Which tool is used to loosen or tighten screws that have a star-like depression on the top, a feature
that is mainly found on laptop?
a. Anti-static mat b. Torx screwdriver c. Philips head screwdriver d. Wire cutter
10. Which tool is used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts without touching the
components?
a. Anti-static mat b. Hex driver c. Compressed air d. Wire cutter
Activity Title: PROPER USE OF TOOLS

Learning Competency: LO 3 Use appropriate hand tools and test equipment.
Learning Target: 3.1 Use tools according to tasks undertaken.
3.2 Observe all safety procedures in using tools at all times and use appropriate PPE
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIIc-19
LO.3 Concept Notes

PROPER USE OF TOOLS
Proper Use of ESD Tools

The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to equalize the electrical charge between you and the
equipment. The antistatic wrist strap is a conductor that connects your body to the equipment that you
are working on. When static electricity builds up in your body,
the connection made by the wrist strap to the equipment, or
ground, channels the electricity through the wire that connects
the strap.
The wrist strap has two parts and is easy to wear:
1. Wrap the strap around your wrist and secure it using the
snap or Velcro. The metal on the back of the wrist strap must
remain in contact with your skin at all times.
2. Snap the connector at the end of the wire to the wrist strap,
and connect the other end either to the equipment or to the
same grounding point that the antistatic mat is connected to.
An antistatic mat is slightly conductive. It works by drawing
static electricity away from a component and transferring it
safely from equipment to a grounding point:
1. Lay the mat on the workspace next to or under the computer case.
2. Clip the mat to the case to provide a grounded surface on which you can place parts as you
remove them from the system. Reducing the potential for ESD reduces the likelihood of damage to
delicate circuits or components.
Proper Use of Hand Tools

A technician needs to be able to properly use each tool in the toolkit. This topic covers many of the
various hand tools used when repairing computers.
Screws
Match each screw with the proper screwdriver. Place the tip of the screwdriver on the head of the
screw. Turn the screwdriver clockwise to tighten the screw and counterclockwise to loosen the screw.
Screws can become stripped if you over-tighten them with a screwdriver. A stripped screw may get stuck
in the screw hole, or it may not tighten firmly. Discard stripped screws.
Flat head screwdriver

Use a flat head screwdriver when you are working with a slotted screw. Do not use a flat head
screwdriver to remove a Phillips head screw. Never use a screwdriver as a pry bar. If you cannot remove a
component, check to see if there is a clip or latch that is securing the component in place.
CAUTION: If excessive force is needed to remove or add a component, something is probably wrong. Take
a second look to make sure that you have not missed a screw or a locking clip that is holding the
component in place. Refer to the device manual or diagram for additional information.
Phillips head screwdriver

Use a Phillips head screwdriver with crosshead screws. Do not use this type of screwdriver to
puncture anything. This will damage the head of the screwdriver.
Hex driver
Use a hex driver to loosen and tighten bolts that have a hexagonal (six-sided) head. Hex bolts
should not be over-tightened because the threads of the bolts can be stripped. Do not use a hex driver
that is too large for the bolt that you are using.
CAUTION: Some tools are magnetized. When working around electronic devices, be sure that the tools
you are using have not been magnetized. Magnetic fields can be harmful to data stored on magnetic
media. Test your tool by touching the tool with a screw. If the screw is attracted to the tool, do not use
the tool.
Part retriever, Needle-nose pliers, or tweezers

The part retriever, needle-nose pliers, and tweezers can be used to place and retrieve parts hat
may be hard to reach with your fingers. Do not scratch or hit any components when using these tools.
CAUTION: Pencils should not be used inside the computer to change the setting of switches or to pry off
jumpers. The pencil lead can act as a conductor and may damage the computer components.
Proper Use of Cleaning Materials

Keeping computers clean inside and out is a vital part of a maintenance program. Dirt can cause
problems with the physical operation of fans, buttons, and other mechanical components. On electrical
components, an excessive buildup of dust will act like an insulator and trap the heat. This insulation will
impair the ability of heat sinks and cooling fans to keep components cool, causing chips and circuits to
overheat and fail.
CAUTION: When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer, the air should be blown around
the components with a minimum distance of four inches from the nozzle. The power supply and the fan
should be cleaned from the back of the case.
CAUTION: Before cleaning any device, turn it off and unplug the device from the power source.
Computer Cases and Monitors

Clean computer cases and the outside of monitors with a mild cleaning solution on a damp, lint-
free cloth. Mix one drop of dishwashing liquid with four ounces of water to create the cleaning solution. If
any water drips inside the case, allow enough time for the liquid to dry before powering on the computer.
LCD Screens
Do not use ammoniated glass cleaners or any other solution on an LCD screen, unless the cleaner
is specifically designed for the purpose. Harsh chemicals will damage the coating on the screen. There is
no glass protecting these screens, so be gentle when cleaning them and do not press firmly on the screen.
CRT Screens
To clean the screens of CRT monitors, dampen a soft, clean, lint-free cloth with distilled water and
wipe the screen from top to bottom. Then use a soft, dry cloth to wipe the screen and remove any
streaking after you have cleaned the monitor. Clean dusty components with a can of compressed air.
Compressed air does not cause electrostatic buildup on components. Make sure that you are in a well-
ventilated area before blowing the dust out of the computer. A best practice is to wear a dust mask to
make sure that you do not breathe in the dust particles. Blow out the dust using short bursts from the
can. Never tip the can or use the compressed air can upside down. Do not allow the fan blades to spin
from the force of the compressed air. Hold the fan in place. Fan motors can be ruined from spinning
when the motor is not turned on.
Component Contacts
Clean the contacts on components with isopropyl alcohol. Do not use rubbing alcohol. Rubbing alcohol
contains impurities that can damage contacts. Make sure that the contacts do not collect any lint from
the cloth or cotton swab. Blow any lint off the contacts with compressed air before reinstallation.
Keyboard
Clean a desktop keyboard with compressed air or a small, hand-held vacuum cleaner with a brush
attachment.
CAUTION: Never use a standard vacuum cleaner inside a computer case. The plastic parts of the vacuum
cleaner can build up static electricity and discharge to the components. Use only a vacuum approved for
electronic components.
Mouse
Use glass cleaner and a soft cloth to clean the outside of the mouse. Do not spray glass cleaner directly
on the mouse.
Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

LO.3 Self Check
A. Direction: Complete the computer cleaning chart shown below. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
COMPUTER MAINTENANCE
COMPONENTS TO CLEAN CLEAN WITH:

Computer case and outside monitor Mild cleaning solution and lint free cloth
(sample)
Keyboard
Mouse
LCD screen
CRT screen
Heat sink
RAM
B. Direction. Fill in the blanks. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to ________ the electrical charge between you and the
equipment.
2. Turn the screwdriver _________ to tighten the screw
3. Turn the screwdriver ________________ to loosen the screw.
4. Use a ________ head screwdriver with crosshead screws.
5. On electrical components, an excessive buildup of dust will act like an _________ and trap the heat.
6. When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer, the air should be blown around the
components with a minimum distance of ______ inches from the nozzle.
7. Pencils should not be used inside the computer to change the setting of switches or to pry off jumpers
because the tip contains _____ which can act as a conductor and may damage the computer
components.
8. To clean the screens of CRT monitors, dampen a soft, clean, lint-free cloth with _______ water and wipe
the screen from top to bottom.
9. Clean the contacts on components with _________ alcohol.
10. Use a __________ to loosen and tighten bolts that have a hexagonal (six-sided) head.

Activity Title: TOOL AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
Learning LO 4 Maintain hand tools
Competency:
Learning Target: 4.1 Do not drop tools to avoid damage; carry out routine maintenance of tools according to
standard operational procedures, principles, and techniques
4.2 Store tools safely in appropriate locations in accordance with manufacturer’s
specifications or standard operating procedures
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12UHT-IIId-20
LO.4 Concept Notes
TOOL AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
All tools and equipment must be properly maintained so that workers are not endangered.
Regulations require inspections of tools, machines and equipment before use. Preventive maintenance is
the systematic care and protection of tools, equipment and machines in order to keep them in a safe,
usable condition limit downtime and extend productivity. We must always be aware that maintenance
tasks themselves are potentially hazardous and can result in injury. The successful maintenance
program is:
 well organized and scheduled,

 controls hazards,
 defines operational procedures, and
 trains key personnel.
The degree of detail to include regarding tools and equipment maintenance will depend on the
kinds of tools/equipment used. Some construction equipment may have very specific inspection and
maintenance requirements. Electronic equipment may have different maintenance requirements. Hand
tools may require only basic maintenance. Power tools should be maintained in good working order. This
may be limited to ensuring that blades/bits are replaced when needed and those guards or other safety
devices are operable and any damaged electrical cords/plugs are repaired or replaced. Damaged or
defective equipment/tools should be tagged and removed from service. Most manufacturers can provide
maintenance schedules for their equipment. Large companies typically have a comprehensive
maintenance program due to the capital investment and/or leasing agreements. Smaller companies may
lease equipment and maintenance services may be included in the leasing agreement. General
requirements for tools and equipment maintenance include:
 Obtaining a copy of the maintenance schedule recommended by the manufacturer

 Ensuring that maintenance is performed as required
 Ensuring that the person(s) performing the maintenance are competent (e.g. licensed mechanic)
 Retaining records of maintenance/service conducted
 Specifying who is responsible for overseeing equipment maintenance and where the records are
kept
 Set up a system for removal and tagging of damaged or defective tools and equipment
PROPER STORAGE OF TOOLS, PARTS, AND EQUIPMENT
To ensure that tools and equipment remain in good condition and last for a long time, store them
properly. Properly stored tools and equipment will be easy to find when needed and are less likely to be
lost.
Good practices include:

 Parts should be properly stored and labeled
 Tools should be properly placed on the board,
and labeled. Consider drawing the shapes of
the tools on the board so that they always get
put back in the same position.
 Use bins for storing small parts.
 Consider making an individual (or
individuals) responsible for the good
maintenance of tools and parts
Benefits:
 Tools and parts are kept in good condition and are easy to find
 Costs are reduced.
 Productivity is increased because time is not wasted looking for tools, parts and equipment.
 Workshop staffs develop a sense of responsibility and pride in their work.
Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

LO.4 Self Check
A. Directions. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. All tools and equipment must be properly maintained so that workers are not endangered.
2. Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools, equipment and machines in
order to keep them in a safe, usable condition limit downtime and extend productivity.
3. The degree of detail to include regarding tools and equipment maintenance will depend on the kinds of
tools/equipment used.
4. Damaged or defective equipment/tools should be tagged and removed from service.
5. Most manufacturers can provide maintenance schedules for their equipment.
6. Properly stored tools and equipment will be easy to find when needed and are less likely to be lost.
7. Use bins for storing small parts is a good practice on proper storage.
8. Productivity is increased because time is not lost looking for tools, parts and equipment is one of the
benefits of proper storage.
B. Directions. Write a maintenance plan for the following tools and materials:
Number 1 is done for you. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Hand tools and materials Maintenance Activity

Wash it with soap and let it dry. Place it in a clean
Lint-free cloth
storage area.
Philip head Screwdriver
Flashlight
Wire Cutter
Part Organizer
Multimeter
LESSON II
PERFORMING COMPUTER
OPERATIONS (PCO)
(WEEKS 2-3)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the module you should be able to:
LO 1. Plan and prepare for task to be undertaken

LO 2. Input data into the computer
LO 3. Access information using computer
LO 4. Produce output using computer system
LO 5. Use basic functions of a www-browser to locate information
Definition of Terms
Computer - an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to
instructions given to it in a variable program
Hardware - the physical components of a computer.
Software refers to the intangible part of the computer system that consists of routines and programs,
procedures and specialized aids (for example, compilers and library routines) that make the hardware
components perform their functions.
Computer data storage - storage or memory, which can save digital data. Examples are RAM, hard
disks, CDs, DVDs and removable flash memory sticks.

Activity Title: OHS Policies & Procedures
Learning LO 1 Plan and prepare for task to be undertaken
Competency:
Learning Target: 1.3 Plan a task to ensure that OSH guidelines and procedures are followed
1.4 Follow client-specific guidelines and procedures
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ic-d-4
LO.1 Concept Notes
OHS Policies & Procedures

When you use the personal computer, you should take precautions against eyestrain, wrist injury,
and pains in the head, shoulder, back, and neck. These parts are easily affected when you use your
computer for a long time.
Good Posture
Sit up straight. Feet flat on the floor, use a footrest if needed.
Position your lower arms parallel with the floor and level to your keyboard, with elbows at your
side.
Keep wrists straight to prevent carpal tunnel syndrome.
Do not lean into the monitor, but sit close enough to the keyboard and the mouse to stay relaxed.
Good Working Habits

Tap on the keys/mouse buttons gently.
Avoid long, uninterrupted periods of typing.
Take short stretch breaks, ideally every 20 minutes, to
prevent fatigue.
Avoid staring at the monitor for long periods.
Take vision breaks: Focus on objects at least 20 feet away.
Do eye exercises.
Proper Care of Computer

Use an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR).
Unplug your system during lightning storms, even if it is
surge protected.
Disconnect from the Internet during lightning storms to
protect modems.
Avoid octopus connections.
LO.1
Directions: Write down your plan of actions for taking care of the following:
A. Computer users
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B. Computer equipment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity Title: Introduction to Computer

Learning Competency: LO 2 Input data into computer
Learning Target: 2.1 Enter the data into the computer using appropriate program/application in
accordance with company procedures
2.2 Check the accuracy of information and save the information in accordance with
standard operating procedures
2.3 Store inputted data is in storage media according to requirements
2.4 Perform work within ergonomic guidelines
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PCO–Id-e-5
LO.2 Concept Notes
Computer - an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to
COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

A. Hardware - the physical components of a computer.
HARDWARE CATEGORIES (Functional Parts)
The Input devices are used by the user to enter data, commands and programs to the computer.
Most common input devices are:
Keyboard, mouse, trackball, joystick, light pen, scanners and digital cameras
Output Devices
Most common output devices are:
Monitor or Display, Printer and speakers
B. Software refers to the intangible part of the computer system that consists of routines and programs,
procedures and specialized aids (for example, compilers and library routines) that make the
hardware components perform their functions.
Computer software can be classified into following categories:
1. Operating system (OS) is the basic software responsible for interacting with the hardware. It is
the foundation on which user programs and application programs are built.
2. Application programs is the catch-all name for all programs that are used for carrying out
specific tasks - office document creation (word processor), pay roll processing (spreadsheet),
publisher etc.
3. Utility Programs
C. Data ware. The systematic and organized collection of data and procedures relevant to the
organization
D. People ware. Refers to personnel who manage and use the computer system, who design the
applications and systems software, who write and encode the programs and who run the hardware.
Computer Basic Operations
Input is whatever goes into the computer. Input

can take a variety of forms, from commands you enter by
keyboard to data from another computer (via a network
connection) or device (via direct or network connection). A
device that feeds data into a computer, such as a keyboard
or mouse, is called an input device.
Output is any information (data) that comes out of a computer. Output devices can be other
computers, display screens, speakers, and printers.
Storage
Computer data storage is referred to as storage or memory, which can save digital data. Examples
are RAM, hard disks, CDs, DVDs and removable flash memory sticks.
Permanent, or non-volatile, storage devices do not require power to remember the data stored.
Mass storage devices, like hard disk, are non-volatile; a loss of power does not affect their ability to retain
data. This category also includes ROM (Read Only Memory).
Temporary or volatile storage is more often called "memory". A loss of power means that any data
stored will be lost irretrievably. When you are using an application, such as a word processor, the data
(the document you are working on) is stored in RAM (Random Access Memory). If you lose power without
explicitly saving your work, you will likely lose data.
Processing
The processor is the brain of a computer. It's also called the CPU (Central processing unit) and it
is a microchip. For a non-programmer, this is where all the real action is. Programs just set the stage and
direct the play. (In this off hand analogy, the play itself, in written form, would be most like a program.)
The processor actually performs very simple operations like basic arithmetic and comparing two
values (but that may be like saying a stage actor just speaks, moves and emotes).
Despite it's apparent simplicity, the CPU does in fact run the show, controlling all of the
peripherals while executing the current software commands.
LO.2
Directions: Identify the following:
1. _____ the brain and the heart of a computer system

2. _____ is a volatile memory
3. _____ they are computer display screens, speakers, and printers
4. _____ any information (data) that comes out of a computer
5. _____ person who manage and use the computer system
6. _____ the main output device of a computer
7. _____ intangible part of the computer system
8. _____ the physical components of a computer
9. _____ an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to
10. _____ the basic software responsible for interacting with the hardware
Activity Title: Using MS Office Applications MS World 2010

Learning Competency: LO 3 Access information using computer
LO 4 Produce output/data using computer system
Learning Target: 3.1 Select correct program/application based on job requirements
3.2 Access program/application containing the information required according to
company procedures
References: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/word/index.htm TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ie-f-6
LO.3 and 4 Concept Notes

Getting Started with Word 2010
In this lesson, we will discuss how to get started with Word 2010. We will understand how to start
a Word 2010 application in simple steps. Assuming you have Microsoft Office 2010 installed in your PC,
to start the Word application, follow these steps –
Step 1 − Click the Start button.

Step 2 − Click the All Programs option from the menu
Step 3 − Search for Microsoft Office from the submenu and click it.
Step 4 − Search for Microsoft Word 2010 from the submenu and click it.
Explore Window in Word 2010
Entering Text
Document area is the area where you type your

text. The flashing vertical bar is called the insertion
point and it represents the location where the text will
appear when you type. Keep the cursor at the text
insertion point and start typing the text. The text
appears to the left of the insertion point as you type −
The following are the two important points that will
help you while typing −
 You do not need to press Enter to start a new
line. As the insertion point reaches the end of
the line, Word automatically starts a new one.
You will need to press Enter, to add a new
paragraph.
 When you want t`o add more than one space
between words, use the Tab key instead of the
spacebar. This way you can properly align text by using the proportional fonts.
Saving New Document

Once you are done with typing in your new Word document, it is time to save your document to
avoid losing work you have done on a
Word document. Following are the
steps to save an edited Word
document −
Step 1 − Click the File tab and select
the Save As option.
Step 2 − Select a folder where you will like to save the document, Enter the file name which you want to
give to your document and Select the Save As option, by default it is the .docx format.
Step 3 − Finally, click on the Save button and your document will be saved with the entered name in
the selected folder.
Saving New Changes

There may be an instance when you open an existing document and edit it partially or completely or
an instance where you may like to save the changes in between editing of the document. If you want to
save this document with the same name, then you can use either of the following simple options −
Just press the Ctrl + S keys to save the changes. Optionally you can click on the floppy icon
available at the top left corner and just above the File tab. This option will also help you save the
changes. You can also use the third method to save the changes, which is the Save option available just
above the Save As option as shown in the above screenshot.
Opening New Document

A new, blank document always opens when you start Microsoft Word. Suppose you want to start
another new document while you are working on another document, or you closed an already opened
document and want to start a new document. Here are the steps to open a new document −
Step 1 − Click the File tab and select the New option.
Step 2 − When you select the New option from the first column, it will display a list of templates in the
second column. Double-click on the Blank document; this is the first option in the template list. The
document is now ready for you to start typing your text.
Opening Existing Document
Step 1 − Click the File tab and select the Open option.

Step 2 − This will display the following file Open dialog box. This lets you navigate through different
folders and files, and also lets you select a file which you want to open.
Step 3 − Finally, locate and select a file which you want to open and click the small triangle available on
the Open button to open the file. You will have different options to open the file, but simply use
the Open option.
Closing a Document
Here are simple steps to close an opened document −

Step 1 − Click the File tab and select the Close option.
Step 2 − When you select the Close option and if the document is not saved before closing, it will display
the following Warning box asking whether the document should be saved or not.
Step 3 − To save the changes, click Save, otherwise click Don't Save. To go back to the document,
click Cancel. This will close the document and if you have other documents open,
Printing Documents
The following steps will help you print your Microsoft Word document.
Step 1 − Open the document for which you want to see the preview. Next click the File tab followed by
the Print option which will display a preview of the document in the right column. You can scroll
up or scroll down your document to walk through the document using given Scrollbar. The
middle column gives various options to be set before you send your document to the printer.
Step 2 − You can set various other printing options available. Select from among the following options,
depending on your preferences.
Step 3 − Once you are done with your setting, click on the Print button which will send your document
to the printer for final printing.
LO.3 & 4
Directions: Match column A. with column B.
A. B.
1. area where you type your text. a. Save as
2. flashing vertical bar b. Print
3. keys to save the changes c. insertion point
4. saving documents in different name or folder. d. Document area
5. button to print document. e. Ctr+s
LO.3 & 4 Performance Tasks
Input data into the computer and produce output using computer system
Suggested activity:
1. Using Microsoft office word, input data (song lyrics or poem) into the computer.
2. Save the document/s
3. Using Microsoft formatting tools, format text and paragraph as to font color, font size, align
left align right, center etc.
4. Print the document/s
Scoring Rubrics:
Criteria Score
Excellent 96-100
Very Good 86-95
Good 76-85
Poor 65-75
Activity Title: Use Basic Functions of WWW-browsers to Locate Information

Learning Competency: LO 5 Use basic functions of a www browser to locate information
Learning Target: 5.1 Establish information requirements for internet search 5.2 Launch browser
5.3 Load search engine
5.4 Enter appropriate search criteria/or URL of site
5.5 Follow relevant links to locate required information
References: TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ig-h-8
LO 5 Concept Notes
Use Basic Functions of WWW-browsers to Locate

Information
What is a Web Browser?

A web browser is a software application for
retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
What is WWW?
WWW stands for World Wide Web. An information space where documents and other web resources
are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed
via the Internet.
Examples of Web Browsers:

Google Chrome
A freeware web browser developed by Google.
Mozilla Firefox
A free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its
subsidiary the Mozilla Corporation.
Opera
A web browser for Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems developed by Opera
Software.
Safari
A web browser developed by Apple based on the WebKit engine.
Microsoft Edge
A web browser developed by Microsoft and included in Windows 10, Windows 10
Mobile and Xbox One, replacing Internet Explorer as the default web browser on all device
classes.
What is a Uniform Resource Locator?
Colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a
computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it.
LO.5
Directions: Identify the following:

1. _____ a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on
the World Wide Web
2. _____ A freeware web browser developed by Google
3. _____ Colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its
location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it
4. _____ an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by URLs,
interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet
5. _____ a web browser for Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems developed by Opera
Software
LO.5 Performance Tasks
A. Web searching
Using your computer:

 Open Google Chrome
 Type in the URL: www.google.com
 In the search engine type in: examples of web browsers
B. Use link to view web pages
C. Bookmark WebPages
Activity Title: Maintenance Procedures

Learning Competency: LO 6 Maintain computer equipment and systems
Learning Target: 6.1 Implement procedures for ensuring security of data, including regular backups
and virus checks in accordance with standard operating procedures

6.2 Implement basic file maintenance procedures in line with the standards
operating procedures
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ii-j-9
LO.6 Concept Notes
Maintenance Procedures
Planning and preparing systematic maintenance procedure will save time, money and frustration. It is
a good idea and opportunity to learn the proper care and maintenance of your computer.
PC maintenance is an important topic for anyone who owns a PC. Looking after your PC properly
ensures you of trouble-free use. Regular PC maintenance also keeps the machine’s performance optimal.
Plan Maintenance Procedures for Computer System and Networking.
1. Design a systematic maintenance plan for hardware.
 Monitoring, evaluating and updating plan.

 Place your computer in a well ventilated area.
 Schedule use of computers for its longer life.
 Move computers only when it is turned off and unplugged.
 Treat your computer properly.
 Maintain your hard disk
2. Design a systematic maintenance plan for your software.
 Backup your files

 Install or secure passwords
 Delete temporary files
 Update antivirus and spy ware
TYPES OF MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE:
(1) Hardware maintenance is the testing and cleaning of equipment.

(2) Information system maintenance is the routine updating of master files, such as adding and deleting
employees and customers and changing credit limits and product prices.
(3) Software or program maintenance is the updating of application programs in order to meet changing
information requirements, such as adding new functions and changing data formats. It also includes
fixing bugs and adapting the software to new hardware devices.
(4) Disk or file maintenance is the periodic reorganizing of disk files that have become fragmented due
to continuous updating.

1. Directions: Complete the computer maintenance plan below.
MONTHLY COMPUTER MAINTENANCE PLAN
JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

Anti virus software checkups
Disk space utilization
Defragmentation of hard drives
Troubleshoot hardware and

software issues
Plan and Prepare Maintenance Procedure
2. Prepare/Design a daily maintenance plan for your hardware, given

the time allotment of 1 week.
MAINTENANCE TASK MON TUE WED THUR FRI
Recalibrate the battery

Clean computer case
Clean keyboard
Clean mouse
Clean screen
Clean up hard drives
3. Design a systematic daily plan for your software, given the time allotment of 1 week.
MAINTENANCE TASK MON TUE WED THUR FRIDAY

Create an emergency diskette
Check for viruses
Back up files
Defragment hard drive
Scan hard drive for errors
LESSON III
PERFORMING MENSURATION AND

CALCULATION (PMC)
(WEEK 4)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
LO 1. Select components to be measured; and

LO 2. Carry out mensuration and calculation.
Definition of Terms
Bit - a fundamental unit of information having two possible values, as either of the binary digits 0 or 1.
Byte - a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunications that most commonly consists
of eight bits.
Booting – starting (a computer) by loading an operating system from a disk.
Electronic storage - a device for recording (storing) information (data).
Firewire - Apple Computer's version of a standard, IEEE 1394, High Performance Serial Bus, for
connecting devices to your personal computer.
Hot-swappable - the connection and disconnection of peripherals or other components without
interrupting system operation.
Interface - the point of interaction or communication between a computer and any other entity, such as
a printer or human operator.
Laser - a device that emits light (electromagnetic radiation) through a process of optical amplification
based on the stimulated emission of photons.
Magnetic platter - a thin, high precision disk that is coated on both sides with a high precision magnetic
material and which is used in a hard disk drive (HDD) to store data.
Memory module - a narrow printed circuit board that holds memory chips.
Magnetic storage media - any storage medium in which different patterns of magnetization are used to
represent stored bits or bytes of information
Operating system - a set of programs that manage computer hardware resources and provide common
services for application software.
Optical storage media - any storage in which data is written and read with a laser for archival or backup
purposes
Activity Title: MEMORY and STORAGE DEVICES

Learning Competency: LO 1 Select measuring instruments
Learning Target: 1.1 Identify object/s or component to be measured
1.2 Obtain correct specifications from relevant source
1.3 Select measuring tools in line with job requirements

K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PMC-IIa-b-10
LO.1 Concept Notes

MEMORY and STORAGE DEVICES
Read-only memory (ROM) chips are located in the motherboard. ROM chips contain instructions
that can be directly accessed by the CPU. Basic instructions for booting the computer and
loading the operating system are stored in ROM.
Random access memory (RAM) is the temporary storage for data and programs that are
being accessed by the CPU. RAM is volatile memory, which means that the contents are
erased when the computer is powered off.
STORAGE DRIVES:
Floppy Drive
A floppy drive, or floppy disk drive, is a storage device that uses removable 3.5-inch floppy
disks.
Hard Drive A hard drive, or hard disk drive, is a magnetic storage device that is
installed inside the computer. The hard drive is used as permanent storage for data. In
a Windows computer, the hard drive is usually configured as the C: drive and contains
the operating system and applications.
Optical Drive
An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media.
There are three types of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
and Blu-ray Disc (BD).
CD, DVD, and BD media can be pre-recorded (read-only), recordable (write once), or
rewritable (read and write multiple times).
External Flash Drive

An external flash drive, also known as a thumb drive, is a removable storage device that
connects to a USB port.
Types of Drive Interfaces

 IDE – Integrated Drive Electronics, also called Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) is an early
drive controller interface that connects computers and hard disk drives. An IDE interface uses a
40-pin connector.
 SATA – Serial ATA refers to the serial version of the ATA drive controller interface. A SATA
interface uses a 7-pin data connector.
 SCSI – Small Computer System Interface is a drive controller interface that can connect up to 15
drives. SCSI can connect both internal and external drives. An SCSI interface uses a 50-pin, 68-
pin, or 80-pin connector.
LO.1
A. Direction. Match items on Column A with Column B. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
_____1. A magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer. A. Registers
_____2. Early drive controller interface that connects computers

and hard disk drives which an interface that uses a 40- pin connector.
B. Flash drive or
Thumb drive
_____3. Temporary storage for data and programs that are being
accessed by the CPU. C. Read-only
memory
_____4. A storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media.
D. IDE
_____5. A storage device that uses removable 3.5-inch disks. E. Floppy drive
_____6. Soldered the memory chips on a special circuit board. F. Random

access memory
_____7. A removable storage device that connects to a USB port. G. Optical drive
_____8. Chip s that are located on the motherboard. H. DDR
_____9. Memory cells built right into the CPU that contain specific data
needed particularly the Arithmetic and Logic Unit. I. Hard drive
_____10. Technology that doubles the maximum bandwidth of SDRAM. J. Memory

Module
B. Directions: Answer the following in a ½ sheet of paper.
1. Which part of the computer is considered as the “brain”?

Justify.
2. People are using different types of storage devices. Give two reasons why there is a need for
storage devices.
3. What is the difference between memory and storage devices?
4. Give advantages of using external flash drive over floppy disks?

Direction: The teacher will show several types of storage drives and will ask students to identify the type
of storage device and its interface is presented.
SCORING RUBRICS
Criteria Points
Number of Tools Classified

9 - 10 5
7–8 4
5-6 3
3-4 2
1–2 1

Activity Title: DIGITAL REPRESENTATION
Learning Competency: LO 1. Select measuring instruments
Learning Target: 1.1 Identify object/s or component to be measured
1.2 Obtain correct specifications from relevant source
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PMC-IIb-d-11
LO.2 Concept Notes

DIGITAL REPRESENTATION
Within a computer, information is represented and stored in a digital binary format. The term bit
is an abbreviation of binary digit and represents the smallest piece of data.
A bit can have only two possible values, a one digit (1) or a zero digit (0). A bit can be used to
represent the state of something that has two states. For example, a light switch can be either On or Off;
in binary representation, these states would correspond to 1 and 0, respectively. Computers use binary
codes to represent and interpret letters, numbers and special characters with bits. A commonly used
code is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). With ASCII, each character is
represented by a string of bits. For example:
Capital letter: A = 01000001

Number: 9 = 00001001
Special character: # = 00100011
CONVERT DECIMAL NUMBERS TO BINARY

To convert a decimal number to binary, all you have to do is divide the number by 2. Get the
quotient and the remainder. Bring down the quotient, divide it by 2, and get the quotient and remainder
again. Do it repeatedly until the quotient results to 0. Copy the remainder from bottom to top, and that is
the binary equivalent.
Example: 25
Quotient Remainder
25/2 12 1
12/2 6 0
6/2 3 0
3/2 1 1
½ 0 1
25 = 11001
Checking: 1 1 0 0 1 multiplier
16 8 4 2 1 equivalents
16 8 0 0 1 results
16+8+1 = 25
LO.2
Directions. Answer the following. Write your answer in a ½ sheet of paper.
1. How will you differentiate the number system from the binary system?
2. How will you convert decimal number into binary number?

Direction. Convert the following digits into binary.
1. 11
2. 36
3. 47
4. 64
5. 72
6. 85
7. 102
8. 125
9. 150
10. 210
Activity Title: CALCULATING DATA STORAGE
Learning Competency: LO 2 Carry out measurements and calculation
Learning Target: 2.2 Obtain accurate measurements for job
2.3 Perform calculation needed to complete task using the four
mathematical fundamental operations addition (+), subtraction (-),
multiplication (x), and division (÷)
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PMC-IIb-d-11
LO.3 Concept Notes
CALCULATING DATA STORAGE
While a bit is the smallest representation of data, the most basic unit of digital storage is the
byte. A byte is 8 bits and is the smallest unit of measure (UOM) used to represent data storage
capacity. When referring to storage space, we use the terms bytes (B), kilobytes (KB), megabytes
(MB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB). One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes,
specifically 1,024. A megabyte represents more than a million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is
1,073,741,824 bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776. The exact number is gained by taking 2^n
power. In general, when something is represented digitally, the greater the detail, the greater the
number of bits needed to represent it. A low-resolution picture from a digital camera will use around
360KB, and a high-resolution picture could use 2 MB or more. Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and
terabytes are typically used to measure the size or storage capacity of a device. Examples of
components and devices that use byte storage include: random access memory (RAM), hard disk
drive space, CDs, DVDs, and MP3 players. CDs have a data storage capacity of approximately 700
MB. DVDs have a data storage capacity of approximately 4.3 GB on a single-layer disc, and
approximately 8.5 GB on a dual-layer disc. BDs have a storage capacity of 25 GB on a single-layer
disc, and 50 GB on a dual-layer disc. Once we know the size of a file or folder, it is possible to
determine the number of bytes being used. For example:
A file is 20 KB in size
1 KB = 1,024 Bytes
20 * 1,024 = 20,480 bytes in a 20 KB file
If a 20 KB file is stored in a 1 MB folder (1 MB = 1,048,576 bytes of space); then approximately a
total of 51 files can be stored in that folder (1,048,576 / 20,480 = 51.2).

Direction: Solve the problems indicated below. Show your solution.
1. How many 60 KB jpg files can be stored on a 2 MB folder in your hard drive?
2. How many 5 MB mp3 files can be stored on a 1 GB flash drive?
3. How many 750 MB avi files can be stored on a 4.3 GB DVD-R?
LESSON IV
PREPARING AND INTERPRETING

TECHNICAL DRAWING (PITD)
(WEEK 5)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
LO 1. Identify different kinds of technical drawing; and

LO 2. Interpret technical drawing.
LO 3. Prepare / make changes to electrical/electronic schematics
and drawings
LO 4. Store technical drawings and equipment/instruments
Definition of Terms
Drawing- act or the art of representing any object by means of lines and shades
Picture- visual representation or image painted, drawn, photographed, or otherwise rendered on a
flat surface
Process- a series of actions, changes, or functions bringing about a result
Technical -pertaining to the useful or mechanical arts, or to science or business
Technician -a person skilled in mechanical or industrial techniques or in a particular technical field
Flowchart-a diagram that uses graphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the steps in a
process
Tool kit -a small bag or box equipped with hand tools
Tree structure -an algorithm for placing and locating files in an organized database
Video display terminal - a computer terminal having a video display that uses a cathode-ray tube

Activity Title: Flowchart
Learning Competency: LO 1 Identify different kinds of technical drawings
Learning Target: 1.1 Select correct technical drawing in accordance with the job requirement
1.2 Segregate technical drawings in accordance with the types and kinds of
drawings
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PITD-IIg-h-14
LO.1 Concept Notes
FLOWCHART
A flowchart is a diagram that uses graphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the steps
in a process. Another name for this tool is "flow diagram."
What Are the Elements of a Flowchart?
A flowchart is commonly used by systems analysts to visualize the series of processes in a

business system. A flowchart is a useful tool to design an efficient business system and to
troubleshoot or improve an existing system. A flowchart consists of elements, such as the
terminator, process, sub process, decision, arrow lines, and connectors.
1. Terminator A terminator is represented by a small rectangle with curved corners. A
terminator appears at the start and at the end of a flowchart. The end terminator appears only once
on a single flowchart.
2. Process A process is represented by a rectangle. It refers to an action in a business
process. It must be described clearly and concisely. A process can be described using a single verb
or noun phrase; for example, "Order Office Supplies." The same level of detail must be kept
in processes on a single flowchart.
3. Sub-process A sub-process is represented by a rectangle with double lines on each side. A
sub process is a major process that could be broken up into simpler processes developed into
another flowchart.
4. Decision A decision is represented by a diamond. A process that can answer a decision of
"yes" or "no" requires a decision box.
5. Connector A connector is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is labeled
using letters. A flowchart written on a single page is clearer than a flowchart on several pages. A
connector ensures that the processes are connected logically and correctly on several pages.
6. Arrow Lines Arrow lines drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom, keep a
flowchart clear. Avoid arrow lines that loop because this could indicate redundancy in the business
process.
When should teams use flowcharts?

At the beginning of your process improvement efforts, an as-is flowchart helps your team and
others involved in the process to understand how it currently works. The team may find it helpful to
compare this as-is flowchart with a diagram of the way the process is supposed to work. Later, the
team will develop a flowchart of the modified process again, to record how it actually functions. At
some point, your team may want to create an ideal flowchart to show how you would ultimately like
the process to be performed.
Benefits of Using Flowcharts

1. Promote understanding of a process.
People may have differing ideas about how a process works. A flowchart can help you gain
agreement about the sequence of steps. Flowcharts promote understanding in a way that written
procedures cannot do. One good flowchart can replace pages of words.
2. Provide a tool for training employees.
Because of the way they visually lay out the sequence of process steps, flowcharts can be
very helpful in training employees to perform the process according to standardized procedures.
3. Identify problem areas and opportunities for process improvement.
Once you break down the process steps and diagram them, problem areas become more
visible. It is easy to spot opportunities for simplifying and refining your process by analyzing decision
points, redundant steps, and rework loops.
Basic Flowchart Symbols
The symbols that are commonly used in flowcharts (Viewgraph 3) have specific meanings
and are connected by arrows indicating the flow from one step to another:
1. Oval. Ovals indicate both the starting point and the ending point of the
process steps.
2. Box. A box represents an individual step or activity in the process.
3. Diamond. A diamond shows a decision point, such as yes/no or go/no-go.

Each path emerging from the diamond must be labeled with one of the
possible answers.
4. Circle. A circle indicates that a particular step is connected to another page

or part of the Flowchart. A letter placed in the circle clarifies the continuation.
A
5. Triangle. A triangle shows where an in-process measurement occurs.
LO.1
A. Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
1. It is represented by a rectangle. It refers to an
action in a business process. a. Decision
2. It is represented by a diamond. A process that can
answer a decision of "yes" or "no" requires a decision box. b. Process
3. It is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is
labeled using letters. c. Arrow line
4. Drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom to keep
a flowchart clear. d. Connector
5. A process is represented by a rectangle with double
lines on each side. e. Sub-process
Activity Title: How do you interpret flowcharts?
Learning Competency: LO 2 Interpret technical drawing
Learning Target: 2.1 Recognize components, assemblies, or objects as required
2.2 Identify dimensions of the key features of the objects depicted in the
drawing
2.3 Identify and interpret symbols used in the drawing
2.4 Check and validate drawing against job requirements or equipment in
accordance with standard operating procedures
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education TLE_IACSS9-12PITD-IIg-h-14
LO.2 Concept Notes
How do you interpret flowcharts?

A Flowchart will help you understand your process and uncover ways to improve it only if
you use it to analyze what is happening. Interpreting your Flowchart will help you to :
 Determine who is involved in the process.
 Form theories about root causes.
 Identify ways to streamline the process.
 Determine how to implement changes to the process.
 Locate cost-added-only steps.
 Provide training on how the process works or should work.
Below is a sequence of steps that will help you through an orderly analysis of your flowchart.
Step 1 - Examine each process step for the following conditions that indicate a need to
improve the process:
Bottlenecks. These points in the process where it slows down may be caused by redundant or
unnecessary steps, rework, lack of capacity, or other factors.
Weak links. These are steps where problems occur because of inadequate training of process
workers, equipment that needs to be repaired or replaced, or insufficient technical documentation.
"Inform the drill leader and improvise" is one of the weak links.
Poorly defined steps. Steps which are not well-defined may be interpreted and performed in a
different way by each person involved, leading to process variation. "Improvise" is a poorly defined
step in the weak link cited above.
Step 2 - Examine each decision symbol. You may want to collect data on how often there
is a "yes" or "no" answer at decision points marked by a diamond shaped symbol. If most
decisions go one way rather than the other, you may be able to remove this decision point.
Step 3 - Examine each rework loop. Processes with numerous checks generate rework and
waste. Examine the activities preceding the rework loop and identify those that need to be improved.
Look for ways to shorten or eliminate the loop.
Step 4 - Examine each activity symbol. Does the step help build a key quality
characteristic into the end product? If not, consider eliminating it.
Types of flowchart
Besides the three levels of detail used to categorize Flowcharts, there are three main types of
flowcharts namely , linear, deployment, and opportunity. The level of detail can be depicted as
macro, mini, or micro for each of these types.
1. Linear Flowchart. A linear flowchart is a diagram that displays the sequence of work
steps that make up a process. This tool can help identify rework and redundant or unnecessary
steps within a process.
2. Deployment Flowchart. A deployment flowchart shows the actual process flow and
identifies the people or groups involved at each step. Horizontal lines define customer-supplier
relationships. This type of chart shows where the people or groups fit into the process sequence, and
how they relate to one another throughout the process.
How do we construct a linear flowchart?
1. Define the process to be flowcharted, and the purpose for flowcharting it.
2. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart—those operators, technicians, or office
workers who are actually involved in the process.
3. Establish process boundaries—the starting and ending points.
 Identify the major activities or sub processes that are included in the process.
 Determine what is not included in the scope of the process to remove any doubt or
confusion about the boundaries. This may also help establish the scope of related
processes.
4. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted. If your team is not sure about a step,
mark it to be investigated later.
5. Put the steps in chronological sequence. Sometimes it's easier to start with the last step and
work back to the first step.
6. Assign flowchart symbols such as boxes, diamonds, and triangles.
7. Review and title the Flowchart.
LO.2

Activity Title: Kinds of electronic diagram
Learning Competency: LO 3. Prepare/ make changes to electrical/ electronic schematics and
Drawings
Learning Target: 3.1 Draw and identify correctly electrical/electronic schematic
3.2 Identify correct drawing; select and use equipment in accordance with
job requirements
References: Electronics CBLM TLE_IACSS9-12PITD-IIj-15
LO.3 Concept Notes
Kinds of electronic diagram
Pictorial diagram. It shows the pictures of the actual

components and wiring connections although it does not
provide the exact size of components. It shows exact
shape in proportion to the actual one.
Block Diagram. This form uses block rectangles

or triangles to represent components, group of
components or units of equivalent. Block diagrams
are particularly used to represent internal
components of an integrated circuit.
Schematic diagram. It shows the components used in

their interconnection. Each graphic symbol is also
accompanied with a reference designation to distinguish it
from other similar symbols. It does not illustrate the
physical size, shape or chassis location of the component
parts and devices.
Wiring diagram. It shows wiring connection in a simplified,

easy to follow manner. It may show either internal or external
connections or both and is usually drawn as simple as
possible to trace out the connection of a circuit. The
components of the circuit are identified by name or are
represented by means of pictorial illustrations that do not
follow any well-defined standard form.
Guidelines in Drawing Diagrams

Recommended practices to be used in the application of symbols to a circuit diagram are
listed below. These practices are adapted from the United States of America Standard Institute
publication, Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronic diagrams.
1. The position of a symbol on a diagram does not affect its meaning.

2. The weight of a line used in drawing does not affect its meaning. In some cases a
heavier line may be used to emphasize a particular symbol.
3. A given symbol may be drawn in any size that is suitable for use in any particular
symbol.
4. If necessary for contrast, some symbols may be drawn smaller or larger than the
other symbols on a diagram.
5. In general, a connecting line should be brought to a symbol either vertically or
horizontally, but a connecting line brought to a symbol at an angle has no particular
significance unless noted otherwise.
6. The arrowhead symbol may be open (→) or closed (→) unless otherwise.
7. The standard symbol for a terminal ( 0 ) may be added to any symbol but when this is
done, the terminal symbol should not be considered a part of the symbol itself.
LO.3
Directions: Identify the following diagrams:

1. _____________________________ 2._____________________________
3.______________________________ 4.________________________________

Activity Title: Proper Storage of Electronic Diagram
Learning Competency: LO 4. Store technical drawings and equipment/ instruments
Learning Target: 4.1 Identify tasks to be undertaken for care and maintenance of drawings
according to company procedures
4.2 Record technical drawings and prepare an inventory in accordance
with company procedures
References: Electronics CBLM TLE_IACSS9-12PITD-IIj-16
LO.4 Concept Notes
Proper Storage of Electronic Diagram

1. Download the schematic diagram to your laptop/personal computer for storage purposes.
2. Transfer the edited schematic diagram from the laptop to the cd disk for storage purposes.
3. Copy the edited schematic diagram from the laptop to the USB for storage purposes.
4. All the schematic diagram and service manual are placed inside the exclusive cabinet of
the shop.
LO.4
Directions: Answer the following questions below.

1. Give at least 3 criteria for electronic diagram record management.
LESSON V
TERMINATING AND CONNECTING

ELECTRICAL WIRING AND
ELECTRONICS CIRCUIT (TCEW)
(WEEK 6)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
LO1.Plan and prepare for termination/connection of electrical

wiring/electronic circuits.
LO2. Terminate/Connect electrical wiring/electronic circuits.
LO3. Test Termination/connection of electrical wiring/electronic
circuit.
Definition of Terms
Side Cutter Pliers - used for cutting or trimming of connecting wires or terminal leads in the circuit
board
Long nose Pliers – used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronics component or
connecting wire.
Soldering Pencil – used to join two or more metal conductors with the support of soldering lead melted
around it.
Multitester - instrument use to measure voltage, current and resistance.
Resistor- a device designed intentionally to have a definite amount of resistance
Capacitor – a devise that stores electrical energy.
Terminate - was a shareware modem terminal and host program for MS-DOS and compatible operating
systems developed from the early to the late 1990s by the Dane Bo Bendtsen.
Termination - the point where a line, channel or circuit ends.
OHS – Occupational Health and Safety
Activity Title: Basic Electronic Hand Tools and Equipment
Learning Competency: LO 1. Plan and prepare for termination/connection of electrical wiring/
electronics circuits
Learning Target: 1.4 Prepare electrical wiring/electronics circuits correctly for
connecting/terminating in accordance with instruction and work site
procedures
References: Electronics CBLM TLE_IACSS9-12TCEW-IIIef-21
LO.1 Concept Notes
Basic Electronic Hand Tools and Equipment
Electronic technicians in olden days could get along with a set of screw drivers, long nose, side
cutter and soldering pencil in troubleshooting. But nowadays, with the arrival of the new circuit
technology and microcircuit is being introduced in the industry, troubleshooting the problem is very
complex.
Without the knowledge and aid of the multitester and other sophisticated equipment such as regulated
power supply, signal generator and oscilloscope, troubleshooting is impossible. Here are the following
basic tools and equipments needed for the repair of electronics devices and appliances:
A. Common Tools
Figure No.1 Figure No.2 Figure No.3 and Figure No.4
Figure No.5 Figure No.6
1 Long Nose Pliers – is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronics
component or connecting wire. See figure no. 1.
2. Side Cutter Pliers – is used for cutting or trimming of connecting wires or terminal leads in
the circuit board. See figure no. 2.
3. Flat Screw Driver – is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws. See figure no. 3.
4. Philips Screw Driver- is used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws. See figure no. 4.
5. Soldering Pencil – is used to join two or more metal conductors with the support of
soldering lead melted around it. See figure no. 5.
6. Desoldering Tool – is used to unsoldered unwanted parts or component in the circuit with
the support of soldering pencil.
See figure no. 6.
B. Basic Electronic Equipment
1. Multi-Volts Power Supply –is used to supply the desired direct current voltages in the circuit.
2. Multitester – is used for measuring resistance, voltage and current.
3. Portable Electric Handrill – is used for boring hole/s in the plastics chassis or metal chassis.
LO.1
A. State whether the following is equipment or a hand tool.
______________ 1. Desoldering Tool

______________ 2. Soldering Pencil
______________ 3. Multi-Volts Power Supply
______________ 4. Long Nose Pliers
______________ 5. Portable Electric Handrill
B. Write true if the statement is correct and false if otherwise:

______________ 1. A flat screwdriver is used in driving or fastening positive slotted screw.
______________ 2. Soldering Pencil is used to join two or more metal conductors
with the support of soldering lead melted around it.
______________ 3. Side Cutter Pliers is used for cutting or trimming of connecting wires or terminal
leads in the circuit board.
______________ 4. A multi-tester is used in boring holes in the plastics chassis.
______________ 5. A long nose pliers is used for holding, bending and sketching the lead of electronics
component or connecting wire.

Direction. Given 10 kinds of hand tools Label and give the function of each. You will be assessed using
the following criteria.
Criteria Score Descriptor
Identified 9-10 tools 5 Excellent
Identified 7-8 tools 4 Very good
Identified 5-6 tools 3 Good
Identified 3-4 tools 2 Fair
Identified 0-2 tools 1 Poor

Activity Title: Prepare a Simple Circuit
Learning Competency: LO 2: Terminate/connect electrical wiring/ electronic circuits
Learning Target: 2.3 Use appropriate range of methods in termination/connection in
accordance to specifications, manufacturer’s requirements, and safety
2.4 Follow correct sequence of operation
2.6 Confirm termination/connection in accordance with job specification
References: Electronics CBLM TLE_IACSS9-12TCEW-IIIi-j-23
LO.2 Concept Notes
Prepare a Simple Circuit
 Personal Protective Equipment

 Gogglesn
 Gloves
 ESD
 Harnessing wires
 If it is necessary to replace the length of wire, use the same diameter or larger
wire (smaller gauge number).
 Duplicate the length of the original wire as closely as possible. Follow the wire
color coding whenever possible.
 Strip the wire insulation about 20mm from both ends.
 Inspect the wire after the insulation has been stripped, to check for damage or
discoloration.
 Clean the ends of the wires with a wire cleaner or rosin flux.
 Slip the proper diameter and length of heat-shrink tubing on to one wire.
 Twist the wires together or mesh the wires together and crimp on a splice clip.
 Solder the splice with rosin-core solder. Solder should flow into the wires.
 Pull on the wires lightly to ensure the splice is properly soldered and tightened.
 Apply dielectric grease over the repair area.
 Slide heat shrinks tubing over the splice and applies that heat to tighten the
tubing around the splice, or tightly wrap the splice with the proper electrical
tape.
 Splices and Joints
Fixture Joint The fixture joint is used to connect a small-

diameter wire, such as in a lighting fixture, to a larger
diameter wire used in a branch circuit. Like the rattail
joint, the fixture joint will not stand much strain.
All the splices discussed up to this point are

known as <emphasis type="u">butted</emphasis>
Knotted Tap splices. Each is made by joining the free ends of the
Joint conductors together. Sometimes however, it is
necessary to join a branch conductor to a continuous
wire called the main wire. Such a junction is called a
tap joint.
Rattail Joint A splice that is used in a junction box for
connecting branch circuits is the rattail joint
Joining small multiconductor cables often

presents a problem. Each conductor must be spliced
Staggering and taped. If the splices are directly opposite each
Splices other, the overall size of the joint becomes large and
bulky. A smoother and less bulky joint can be made
by staggering the splices.
Tap splice It is used where you want to join a second wire

to a conductor.
The wrapping pattern is designed to cause the

Western termination to tighten as the conductors pull against
Union or each other. This type of splice is more suited to solid,
Lineman rather than stranded conductors, and is fairly difficult
splice to complete. The Western Union splice joins small,
solid conductors.
LO.2
A. Fill in the blanks with what is being asked by the following items:
___________________1. (1-3) Examples of PPE used in connecting a circuit
___________________2.
___________________3.
___________________4. (4-5) Important things to remember in harnessing wires
___________________5.
B. Complete the table below by Identifying the following wire joints:
JOINTS PICTORIAL DESCRIPTION OFJOINTS
6.
_______________________
7.
_______________________
8.
_______________________
9.
_______________________
10.
______________________
LESSON VI
TESTING ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS (TEC)
(WEEKS 7-8)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
LO1. Determine criteria for testing electronics components
Definition of Terms
Test - It is compose of sequence of operations intended to verify the correct
operation or malfunctioning of a piece of equipment or system.
Volt-Ohm-Meter - It is known as a multitester. A test equipment used to check AC, DC voltages, current
in a circuit and resistance of any components out of the circuit.
Soldering iron - A device used for applying heat to melt solder for attaching two metal parts.
Schematic Diagram - An illustration of an electrical or electronic circuit with
the components represented by their symbols.

Activity Title: Tools in Testing Circuit
Learning Competency: LO 1: Determine criteria for testing electronics components
Learning Target: 1.1 Obtain and clarify work instructions based on job order or client
requirements
1.2 Consult responsible person for effective and proper work coordination
References: Electronics CBLM, Google (Aldrine Y. Telero-PPT, TLE_IACSS9-12TEC-IVa-
c-24
LO.1 Concept Notes
Tools in Testing Circuit
Tools Descriptions Drawing

A simple manual wire stripper is a pair of opposing blades
much like scissors or wire cutters. The addition of a center
notch makes it easier to cut the insulation without cutting
the wire. This type of wire stripper is used by rotating it
around the insulation while applying pressure in order to
Wire Stripper make a cut around the insulation. Since the insulation is not
bonded to the wire, it then pulls easily off the end. This is the
most versatile type of wire stripper.
Make smooth cuts in all kinds of wire.

Side Cutter Pliers
Soldering iron A device used for applying heat to melt solder for attaching
two metal parts.
Multi tester can measure various electric values. Such as the

VOM/ measurement of the resistor value, the measurement of the
Multitester voltage, the measurement of the current, the confirmation of
the polarity of the light emitting diode etc. This tool is
necessary for electronic circuit making.
LO.1
A. Direction. Select the letter of your best answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. A device used for applying heat to melt solder for attaching two metal parts.
a. Multitester c. Side Cutter Plier
b. Soldering Iron d. Wire Stripper
2. Use to measure various electric values.
3. Use to cut all kinds of wire.
4. Is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters.
5. Use to measure various electric values.
a. c.
b. d.

Direction. Use the tools to do each of the following tasks.
1. Cut wire
2. Strip wire
3. Measure electric value
4. Solder two metal parts

Activity Title: Testing methods for electronic components
Testing strategies for electronic components
Learning Competency: LO 2: Determine criteria for testing electronics components
Learning Target: 2.1 Identify various testing methods based on types of electronic components
2.2 Determine characteristics and appropriateness of testing methods to be used
during development and on completion
2.3 Consider/select testing methods in relation to appropriate testing strategy
References: Electronics CBLM TLE_IACSS9-12TEC-IVc-e-25
LO.2 Concept Notes

Different methods in Testing an Electronic Component
a. Automated – testing tools that are capable of executing tests, reporting outcomes and comparing
results with earlier test runs. Tests carried out with these tools can be run repeatedly, at any time of day.
The method or process being used to implement automation is called a test automation framework.
b. Debugging - is part of the software testing process and is an integral part of the entire software
development lifecycle. The debugging process starts a soon as code is written and continues in successive
stages as code is combined with other units of programming to form a software product.
c. Inspection – an organized examination or formal evaluation exercise. In engineering activities
inspection involves the measurements, tests, and gauges applied to certain characteristics in regard to an
object or activity. It is a test headed by a person using procedures, process and measurement to meet
certain standard or requirement
d. Platform testing – requires a platform or medium. Also called an open test standard (OTS), a set of
specifications defining test methods for diverse components of computer and electronic systems to be
marketed as complete products
e. Prototyping – releasing of new model or design unit. Testing a prototype allows the designer and client
to assess the viability of a design.
Testing Strategies for Electronic Components
Passive electronic components are those that don’t have the ability to control electric current by means
of another electrical signal. Examples of passive electronic components are capacitors, resistors,
inductors, transformers, and some diodes. These can be either Thru-Hole of SMD Components.
Dynamic Testing
• Electronics tests place a wide range of performance demands on test equipment for static and dynamic
test equipment. The equipment is used to validate new designs, improve manufacturing processes and
prove the quality of end products. Mechanical testing requirements involve static, dynamic and fatigue
testing in tensile, compression, shear test modes.
• Testing the mechanical endurance and integrity of electronics components and assemblies is important
to validate designs, improve manufacturing, and ensure the reliability of final products.
In-Circuit Testing
In circuit test equipment provides a useful and efficient form of printed circuit board test by measuring
each component in turn to check that it is in place and of the correct value. As most faults on a board
arise out of the manufacturing process and usually consist of short circuits, open circuits or wrong
components, this form of testing catches most of the problems on a board. These can easily be checked
using simple measurements or resistance, capacitance, and sometimes inductance between two points on
the circuit board.
In-circuit test equipment consists of a number of elements:

a. In circuit tester: The in circuit test system consists of a matrix of drivers and sensors that are used to
set up and perform the measurements. There may be 1000 or more of these driver sensor points. These
are normally taken to a large connector conveniently located on the system
b. Fixture: The in-circuit test system connector interfaces with the
second part of the tester - the fixture. In view of the variety of
boards this will be designed specifically for a particular board, and
acts as an interface between the board and the in circuit tester. It
takes the connections for the driver sensor points and routes them
directly to the relevant points on the board using a "bed of nails".
c. Software: Software is written for each board type that can be
tested. It instructs the test system what tests to perform, between
what points and details of the pass / fail criteria.
LO.2
A. Direction. Match Column A to Column B. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. Doesn’t have the ability to control electric a. Dynamic Testing

current by means of another electrical signal
2. Electronics tests place a wide range of performance b. Passive electronic components
demands on test equipment for static and dynamic
test equipment. c. Inspection
3. An organized examination or formal evaluation
exercise. d. Debugging
4. Is part of the software testing process and is an
integral part of the entire software development lifecycle. e. Automated
5. Testing tools that are capable of executing tests,
reporting outcomes and comparing results with earlier
test runs.

Activity Title: Identification and Isolation of Faulty Electronic Components
Learning Competency: LO 3: Test components
Learning Target: 3.1 Apply appropriate testing methods to electronic components in
accordance to technical specifications
3.2 Detect and record problems and faults by testing
3.3 Document remedial steps
References: Electronics CBLM TLE_IACSS9-12TECO-IVfh-26
LO.3 Concept Notes
Identification and Isolation of Faulty Electronic Components
PROPER HANDLING OF TEST PROBE IN ISOLATING FAULTY AND GOOD ELECTRONIC

COMPONENTS
Testing Resistor
Good Resistor
The meter reading should be closed to the rated value of the resistor depending on the
tolerance of the resistor.
Defective Resistor
 The tester pointer does not deflect at all. The resistor is OPEN.
 The resistance reading has a big difference to the resistor rated value. The resistor has
change value.
Testing Capacitor
Good Capacitor
 The tester pointer deflects and then move back to its initial position.
Open Capacitor
 The tester pointer does not deflect at all.
Shorted Capacitor
 The tester pointer rests on the 0 ohm scale, reverse and forward bias test.
Leaky Capacitor
 The tester pointer deflects toward the right position but does not return to its initial
position or remains stationary.
Testing Diode
Open Diode
 The tester pointer does not deflect even the prove is reversed.
Shorted Diode
 The resistance reading deflects and measures the same in both directions.
Testing Transistor
Open Transistor
 The tester pointer does not deflect in the base to emitter or base to collector .
Shorted Transistor
 Two terminals of the transistor read the same resistance in both directions.
Testing SCR
 Proper testing of a good SCR as shown in the figure below.
NOTE: Setting for the multitester is X1 Ohm.
Testing Triac
 Proper testing of TRIAC are shown in the figure below.
NOTE: Setting for the multitester is X1 Ohm.
LO.3
Directions: Identify what is being asked, choose the answer from the choices below and write your
answer in a ¼ sheet of paper.
Defective Resistor Shorted Transistor Shorted Capacitor
Shorted Diode Good Resistor
_____1. The tester pointer does not deflect at all. The resistor is OPEN.
_____2. Two terminals of the transistor read the same resistance in both directions.
_____3. The tester pointer rests on the 0 ohm scale, reverse and forward bias test.
_____4. The resistance reading deflects and measures the same in both directions.
_____5. The meter reading should be closed to the rated value of the resistor depending on the tolerance
of the resistor.

Direction. Use the multitester to test the functionality of the following:
1. Resistor
2. Capacitor
3. Diode
4. Transistor
5. SCR
SCORING RUBRIC:
POINTS DESCRIPTIONS
5 5 are tested with correct procedure
1 Only one is tested
0 No participation

Computer System Servicing: Quarter 1, Week 1, Lesson 1

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7/8

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

USING AND MAINTAINING HAND TOOLS

Activity Sheet No.: 1

Activity Title: Preparing for the task to be undertaken

LO.1 Concept Notes

Preparing for the task to be undertaken includes proper tool selection.

Safe Use of tools

Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:

Activity Sheet No.: 1

Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

LO.1 Performance Task

TOOLS TOOLS NEEDED

Activity Sheet No.: 2

Activity Title: HARDWARE TOOLS

LO.2 Concept Notes

Anti-static wrist strap – Anti-static mat – used to stand

Flat head screwdriver – Philips head screwdriver – used to

Tweezers – used to Part retriever – used to retrieve

Multimeter – used to test the Loopback Adapter – used to

Activity Sheet No.: 2

Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

LO.2 Self Check

Activity Sheet No.: 3

Activity Title: PROPER USE OF TOOLS

LO.3 Concept Notes

Proper Use of ESD Tools

Proper Use of Hand Tools

Flat head screwdriver

Phillips head screwdriver

Part retriever, Needle-nose pliers, or tweezers

Proper Use of Cleaning Materials

Computer Cases and Monitors

Activity Sheet No.: 3

Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

LO.3 Self Check

COMPONENTS TO CLEAN CLEAN WITH:

Activity Sheet No.: 4

LO.4 Concept Notes

TOOL AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

 well organized and scheduled,

 Obtaining a copy of the maintenance schedule recommended by the manufacturer

PROPER STORAGE OF TOOLS, PARTS, AND EQUIPMENT

Good practices include:

Activity Sheet No.: 4

Name: _________________________________ Date: _____________________

LO.4 Self Check

Hand tools and materials Maintenance Activity

Philip head Screwdriver

LO 1. Plan and prepare for task to be undertaken

Activity Sheet No.: 5

LO.1 Concept Notes

OHS Policies & Procedures

Good Working Habits

Proper Care of Computer

Activity Sheet No.: 6

Activity Title: Introduction to Computer

LO.2 Concept Notes

COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

HARDWARE CATEGORIES (Functional Parts)

Computer Basic Operations

Input is whatever goes into the computer. Input

Directions: Identify the following:

Name: _____________ Date: _

Name: _____________ Date: _

Name: _____________ Date: _

Name: _____________ Date: _