Cultural Situation and

Changes in the 19th

Century Philippines

GE 109E: LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

Presented by: Group 3 (SV41)
 Presenters

Jean Fallore Drilon Marrisbien Dagami Antonietta Gajol Ezrajanah C. Gasing

Chielsey Elejedo Amy Rose Dolamos Jezrel Diaz Angiela Enad

What we'll discuss
Background
Cultural development: Role
of the Jesuits
Experience of Filipino
Students in Spain
Interest in the Filipino Past
Conclusion
I. Background
What is the Cultural Development and
its emphasis in the Philippines?
Explanations
Insights 1
Rapid Spread of Education
from about 1860
Ilustrados in Madrid, c.1890; Standing clockwise from left: Vicente Francisco, Cajigas, José Abreu, Mariano Abella, Dominador Gómez, Francisco Tongio Liongson, Flaviano Cordecruz, a Tuazon from Malabon,
Alejandro Yance de Lara, Lauro Dimayuga, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Gregorio Aguilera, José Rizal, José Alejandrino, Baldomero Roxas, Moises Salvador, Modesto Reyes, Gaudencio Juanengo, Pablo Rianzares
Bautista; Seated from left: Dr. Santamaria, Candido Morada, Damaso Ponce, Ariston Bautista, Pedro Serrano Lactao, and Teodoro Sandiko

Insights 2
The role of Illustrados (enlightened ones) in Philippine
society during the Spanish occupation.

 Insights 3
Creation of the
Propoganda Movement
Ilustrados in Madrid, c.1890; Standing clockwise from left: Vicente Francisco, Cajigas, José Abreu, Mariano Abella, Dominador Gómez, Francisco Tongio Liongson, Flaviano Cordecruz, a Tuazon from Malabon,
Alejandro Yance de Lara, Lauro Dimayuga, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Gregorio Aguilera, José Rizal, José Alejandrino, Baldomero Roxas, Moises Salvador, Modesto Reyes, Gaudencio Juanengo, Pablo Rianzares
Bautista; Seated from left: Dr. Santamaria, Candido Morada, Damaso Ponce, Ariston Bautista, Pedro Serrano Lactao, and Teodoro Sandiko
 Insights 4
Acceleration of Filipino
Nationalism through The
Rapid Spread of Higher
Ilustrados in Madrid, c.1890; Standing clockwise from left: Vicente Francisco, Cajigas, José Abreu, Mariano Abella, Dominador Gómez, Francisco Tongio Liongson, Flaviano Cordecruz, a Tuazon from Malabon,

Education among middle

Alejandro Yance de Lara, Lauro Dimayuga, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Gregorio Aguilera, José Rizal, José Alejandrino, Baldomero Roxas, Moises Salvador, Modesto Reyes, Gaudencio Juanengo, Pablo Rianzares
Bautista; Seated from left: Dr. Santamaria, Candido Morada, Damaso Ponce, Ariston Bautista, Pedro Serrano Lactao, and Teodoro Sandiko

and lower middle class

Filipinos.

II. Role of the Jesuits

Who are the Jesuits and their roles to
the cultural development?
Augustinians Dominicans

Franciscans
 Insights 1
Responsible with two schools

Escuela Normal de Maestros Ateneo de Municipal

They realize something was wrong,
How come our dignity is
not being valued by the
Spaniards?
How come there is
injustice, they were treated
or continuously being
abused by the Spaniards?
Why are not treated
equally but looked upon
as inferiors individuals?
 Insights 2
The Jesuits did not intentionally teach the
Filipinos sense of nationalism. But they indirectly
taught the sense of nationalism through the form
of humanistic form of education.
 Insights 3
·The Jesuits did not do
too much to educate the
Filipinos because of their
jealously to the success
Filipino people.
 Insights 4
They were suspicious
with their success and
invariably sought to pull
them down.
They start to doubt.
They do not see their
own success to the
success of the Filipino,
 Insights 4
Reasons why Jose
Rizal left the
Philippines.

III. Experience of Filipino Students in

Spain
How did the experience of Filipino
students in Spain accelerated Filipino
Nationalism?
PILIPINAS ESPANYA

Bakit hindi
ganito sa
Pilipinas?

Insights 1
After experiencing the “liberties” in
spain and noticing how it was
different compared to the
Philippines.
 Insights 2
They saw the backwardness
of Spain compared to other
European nations (liberals
and conservatives).
Liberals were more radical in the colony of
the Philippines than they were in the
Spanish metropolis. Against the forces of
reaction, there was a strong liberal
opposition in Europe. However, friars and
orthodox monarchists were strong and
unchallenged in the colonies.
 Insights 3
Spain cannot manage their own political
problems.
Frequent rise and fall of ministries and
constitution.
Flow of political leaders showing the rise
and fall of the conservatives and the
liberals.
And Philippines was affected by the political
instability in Spain.
 Insights 4
Lots of liberties and
freedom they were
not abused
constantly.
That’s how nationalism
accelerated as a result
of their experience in
Spain.

 IV. Interest in the Filipino Past

How did the Philippines instilled sense

of pride and national identity?
 Insights 1
Used history to prove that 3 centuries of
Spanish did not lead any progress only
decline They used this as an advantage in
finding out 300 years did not bring any
good but bad things.
 Insights 2
Pride of being Filiinos contrasting Spanish and
Filipino values: Illustratados they could still
develop on their own without the coming of
Spaniards.
 CONCLUSION
.Education awakened the minds of the
Filipinos.
The experience of the Filipino students
accelerated Filipino nationalism as they were
able to experience liberties in Spain which
they did not experience in the Philippines.
The interest in the Filipinno past also led to
the acceleration of Filipino nationalism.
Especially on rizal who have heavily influenced
cultural developments his in time in 19th century.
"Without education and liberty, which are the
soil and the sun of man, no reform is possible,
no measure can give the result desired."
-Jose Rizal
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
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