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In this article, we will learn in-depth about accounting, including its definition, steps in the
accounting process, objectives, history, the father of accounting, bookkeeping, types or
branches, and much more.
Table of Contents
1. What is Accounting?
2. What are The Three Steps in The Accounting Process?
3. What are The 10 Important Objectives and Necessity of Accounting?
4. What is The Brief History of Accounting?
5. Who is Called The Father of Accounting?
6. What is Bookkeeping?
7. What Is The Difference Between Accounting and Bookkeeping?
8. What are the Six Important Branches or Types of Accounting?
What is Accounting?
Simply, we can state that accounting is a systematic process of recording, classifying, and
explaining all financial transactions. Accounting is also called an information system.
Accounting provides the necessary information about the company’s profit and loss, the
value, and the nature of a firm’s assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity for a particular time
period.
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Accounting is the process used to measures and report to various users relevant
financial information regarding the economic activities of an organization or unit.
1. Identification
2. Recording
3. Communication
Accounting Process
1.Identification:
2. Recording:
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This step is called bookkeeping
3. Communication
3. Figuring out a company’s assets, debts, and equity will give you a good idea of its
financial situation.
4. Cost-cutting will help a company achieve its goals. Accounting aids in the accurate
recording of costs and therefore aids in cost reduction.
5. Accounting has no other options for preventing company fraud and forgery. We can
avoid and monitor fraud and forgery by properly recording accounts.
6. Assists in informing interested parties about financial conditions and making sound
decisions.
7. Financial information from the previous year helps people take the right steps by letting
them compare and contrast.
8. Determines the source of money flow inside and outside of various service-oriented
nonprofit organizations, such as schools, universities, hospitals, clubs, and societies, as
well as their account balance.
9. The government accumulates funds by collecting VAT, duties, and taxes, and then
contributes to various routine and growth activities. Accounting plays a crucial role in
ensuring that government operations run smoothly.
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10. The books of accounts and related records are beneficial to a company in a variety of
ways, including obtaining a bank loan or a loan from a money lending agency,
determining the selling price of a commodity, identifying potential operations, and so on.
Accounting is a must if you want to live a fine, disciplined, and frugal life. The company
can never determine the benefits and drawbacks without proper accounting.
By keeping accurate records, a company can keep its costs and waste under control and
become financially stable.
You can also read: Why accounting is called the language of business?
The origin and evolution of accounting can be divided into the following four stages.
The period from the beginning of civilization up to 1494 has been included in the primitive
age. Primitive ages can be divided into the following four groups:
I. Stone Age: In this age, people used different types of images, symbols, and cave
engraving for bookkeeping.
ii. Ancient Age: In this age, people used to tie ropes, cut stains on walls, and cut marks
on bamboo for keeping accounts.
iii. Exchange Age: In this era, people used to calculate the exchange of goods by
painting the ground or carving wooden doors. In this age, an instrument called an
“Abacus” was used in China for accounting.
iv. Money Age: In this age, currency was used as a medium of transaction. Kori, Leather
was used as a medium of transaction.
During this period, trade and commerce expanded rapidly. In this age, the Italian
mathematician Luca Pacioli, known as the father of accounting and bookkeeping,
discovered the basis of accounting: debit and credit accounts.
Basically, the propagation of modern accounting began during this era. In this age,
accounting research started and new theories were invented.
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During this time, there was a great change in the science of accounting. Accounting
standards have been issued, and various branches of accounting have emerged.
He explained the basic principles of bookkeeping through the double-entry system there.
What is Bookkeeping?
Bookkeeping usually involves only the recording of economic events in a business. The
task of bookkeeping is to record transactions primarily in the book of accounts and
classify the transactions recorded.
Truly! But there is a huge difference between them because the accounting work starts
where the bookkeeping work ends.
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Sl Bookkeeping Accounting
No.
#3. Auditing:
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It is the job of this branch of accounting to detect and prevent errors and fraud by
checking whether financial transactions have been recorded, and financial reports &
statements prepared properly.
Determining, analyzing, and controlling the production cost of the product or service
produced by the manufacturing organization is the main function of cost accounting.
The main purpose of tax accounting is to tell management how much income tax and
other taxes cost and how those taxes affect different transactions after a certain amount
of time has passed.
Social accounting is the name of a new way of thinking in accounting. The job of this
accounting is to determine the income and expenditures of social activities.
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